Intelligent control tool for rotary orientation of drill string based on magnetorheological fluid

Abstract

The invention discloses a tool used in the technical field of directional petroleum drilling, and particularly relates to an intelligent control tool for drill column rotation orientation based on magnetorheological fluid. The intelligent control tool for rotating and orienting the drill string based on the magnetorheological fluid has two working states, namely composite drilling and orienting drilling. The current of the coil is adjusted, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is changed along with the change of the magnetic field intensity, and when the forward torque of the transmission shaft acting on the magnetorheological fluid is equal to the reaction torque borne by the shell, the drill column rotation directional intelligent control tool based on the magnetorheological fluid is in a directional drilling state; the coil current is increased, the magnetic field intensity is enhanced, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid is increased, the drill column rotation orientation intelligent control tool based on the magnetorheological fluid is in a composite drilling state, and at the moment, reaction torque borne by a tool shell is overcome through rotation of the upper drill column. According to the directional drilling tool, the borne reaction torque can be balanced when directional drilling is needed, the problem that accurate positioning drilling cannot be achieved due to the fact that a drill column shell bears the reaction torque is effectively solved, the drilling efficiency is improved, and the directional drilling tool has important significance in the field of directional petroleum drilling.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention is applicable to the field of directional oil drilling, and in particular relates to a drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of the oil and gas resource development industry, the direction of oil and gas resource development is constantly changing. Shallow oil and gas resources can no longer meet national needs, and oil and gas wells need to develop in the direction of deep wells, ultra-deep wells, extended-reach horizontal wells, and other complex wells. Compared with conventional wells, horizontal wells and extended-reach wells can penetrate multiple fractured productive layers laterally, increasing the contact area between the wellbore and the oil and gas reservoir, thereby increasing oil production rates and significantly reducing production costs. However, due to the increasing complexity of the wellbore structure of horizontal and extended-reach wells, the quality of drilling equipment will directly affect the efficiency, safety, and economic benefits of drilling operations. To ensure the smooth progress of drilling operations, strict requirements must be met for the reliability and stability of drilling equipment. Therefore, the development of high-precision, high-efficiency, and high-reliability directional drilling equipment is necessary.

[0003] For these reasons, the development of a magnetorheological fluid-based intelligent control tool for drill string rotation and directional drilling is of great significance. This tool can offset the counter-torque generated during directional drilling, allowing the drill bit to maintain a stable drilling angle. During directional drilling, the upper drill string rotates, while only the lower drill assembly housing maintains axial sliding. This state significantly reduces friction in the drill string system and mitigates stick-slip vibrations of the drill bit, thereby improving mechanical rotation speed and drilling target accuracy. Therefore, the development of this technology is of great significance to the entire petroleum industry. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid to solve the problems related to directional drilling engineering described in the above background technology and improve drilling efficiency.

[0005] To solve the above problems, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: an intelligent control tool for drill string rotation and orientation based on magnetorheological fluid, which is characterized in that the intelligent control tool for drill string rotation and orientation based on magnetorheological fluid is located between the upper drill string and the lower drill tool assembly, and can realize two working states: composite drilling and directional drilling.

[0006] The drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid includes a transmission shaft, a TC bearing dynamic ring, a TC bearing static ring, a housing, a string bearing, a sealing piston, magnetorheological fluid, a coil, a sealing pin, a control unit, a laser sensor, a strain gauge, a battery pack, a marking coating, and a lower joint. The upper end of the transmission shaft is connected to the upper drill string to achieve independent rotation of the housing and the internal rotating parts. The TC bearing dynamic ring, the TC bearing static ring, and the string bearing constitute a bearing module. A hard alloy layer is placed between the TC bearing dynamic ring and the TC bearing static ring. The TC bearing dynamic ring and the transmission shaft, as well as the upper end of the housing and the TC bearing static ring, are all connected by threads. An annular cavity is formed between the housing and the transmission shaft for placing magnetorheological fluid and is properly sealed. The transmission shaft and the housing are both provided with a friction layer around the annular cavity to increase the friction between the transmission shaft, the magnetorheological fluid, and the housing. An injection hole is opened on the housing for replacing the magnetorheological fluid, and a sealing pin cooperates with the injection hole for sealing. The sealing piston cooperates with the housing and the transmission shaft circumferentially and is properly sealed to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid. The sealing piston cooperates with the string bearing axially. , used for axial positioning, the coil is wrapped around the outer ring cavity of the shell. When the coil is energized, it will generate a magnetic field around the ring cavity. The change in the magnetic field can change the mechanical properties of the magnetorheological fluid. A wire hole is opened on the shell. The coil, control unit, laser sensor, strain gauge, and battery pack are connected by wires and waterproofed. The control unit, laser sensor, and battery pack are all placed and fixed on the shell. The battery pack uses high-temperature resistant batteries. The control unit includes MCU, ADC module, amplifier circuit, filter circuit, wireless transmission assembly, and is integrated on the PCB board. A small hole is opened on the shell. The laser sensor is fixed to one end of the small hole by screws. An annular groove is opened at the corresponding position of the transmission shaft at the other end of the small hole. Four marking coatings are affixed to the annular groove and are evenly distributed circumferentially. The laser sensor scans the positions of two adjacent marking coatings to measure the speed of the transmission shaft. After transmitting the speed of the transmission shaft to the control unit, the torque of the transmission shaft is obtained according to the theoretical formula. The strain gauge is attached to the lower joint to measure the torque applied to the lower joint. The lower joint is connected to the shell by a threaded connection. The lower end of the lower joint is connected to the lower drill assembly.

[0007] The drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is specifically implemented as follows: the strain gauge measures the housing torque A and transmits it to the control unit for storage; the laser sensor measures the transmission shaft speed and transmits it to the control unit and converts it into the transmission shaft torque B through a theoretical formula; when the ground terminal issues a composite drilling instruction, the control unit increases the output current to increase the coil magnetic field strength, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid increases accordingly, that is, the friction between the transmission shaft, the magnetorheological fluid and the housing increases, and ultimately the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid by the torque B is greater than the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid by the torque A. The drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is specifically implemented as follows: the strain gauge measures the housing torque A and transmits it to the control unit for storage; the laser sensor measures the transmission shaft speed and transmits it to the control unit and converts it into the transmission shaft torque B by a theoretical formula; when the ground terminal issues a composite drilling instruction, the control unit increases the output current to increase the coil magnetic field strength, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid increases accordingly, that is, the friction between the transmission shaft, the magnetorheological fluid and the housing increases, and finally the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid by the torque B is greater than the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid. The tool is in a composite drilling state; when the ground terminal issues a directional drilling command, the control unit reduces the output current to reduce the coil magnetic field strength, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid decreases accordingly, that is, the friction between the drive shaft, magnetorheological fluid and the housing is reduced, and ultimately the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid by torque B = the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid by torque A. The drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is in a directional drilling state; in this process, the upper drill string rotation is relied on to overcome the counter-torque applied to the tool housing, and the values ​​of torque A and torque B are fed back to the ground terminal through the wireless transmission assembly to detect whether the current tool is executing the command correctly.

[0008] As a further technical solution of the present invention, the magnetorheological fluid is a free-flowing liquid in the absence of a magnetic field, and becomes solid-like under the action of a magnetic field. The performance parameters of the magnetorheological fluid, such as the yield stress and viscosity, increase with the increase of the magnetic field. The mechanical properties are continuously positively correlated with the magnetic field intensity, and the response characteristics are characterized by rapidity and reversibility.

[0009] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: (1) Compared with traditional directional drilling, the drill string rotation directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid reduces the friction of the drill string system, alleviates the stick-slip vibration of the drill bit, and improves the mechanical drilling speed; (2) The use of intelligent control technology and combined with magnetorheological fluid can achieve accurate and rapid switching of drilling status and balance the drill bit's counter-torque; (3) Compared with the rotary steering system, the drill string rotation directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid has low manufacturing cost and high reliability. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0010] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of the drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid according to the present invention; Figure 2 It is a flowchart of the present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention In the figure: 1- transmission shaft, 2- TC bearing dynamic ring, 3- TC bearing static ring, 4- housing, 5- series bearing, 6- sealing piston, 7- magnetorheological fluid, 8- coil, 9- sealing pin, 10- control unit, 11- laser sensor, 12- strain gauge, 13- battery pack, 14- marking coating, 15- lower connector. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0012] Combine Figure 1 The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid, which is characterized in that: the drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is located between the upper drill string and the lower drill tool assembly, and can realize two working states: composite drilling and directional drilling.

[0013] Combine Figure 1The drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid includes a transmission shaft 1, a TC bearing dynamic ring 2, a TC bearing static ring 3, a housing 4, a string bearing 5, a sealing piston 6, a magnetorheological fluid 7, a coil 8, a sealing pin 9, a control unit 10, a laser sensor 11, a strain gauge 12, a battery pack 13, a marking coating 14, and a lower joint 15. The upper end of the transmission shaft 1 is connected to the upper drill string to achieve independent rotation of the housing and the internal rotating parts. The TC bearing dynamic ring 2, the TC bearing static ring 3 and the string bearing 5 form a bearing module. A hard alloy layer is placed between the TC bearing dynamic ring 2 and the TC bearing static ring 3. The TC bearing dynamic ring 2 and the transmission shaft 1, and the upper end of the housing 4 and the TC bearing static ring 3 are connected by threads, and an annular cavity is formed between the housing 4 and the transmission shaft 1 for placing the magnetorheological fluid 7, and a sealing treatment is performed. The transmission shaft 1 and the housing 4 are provided with a friction layer around the annular cavity to increase the friction between the transmission shaft 1, the magnetorheological fluid 7 and the housing 4. An injection hole is opened on the housing 4 to replace the magnetorheological fluid 7, and a sealing pin 9 is used to cooperate with the injection hole for sealing. The magnetorheological fluid 7 is a free-flowing liquid when there is no magnetic field, and is a solid-like liquid under the action of a magnetic field. The yield stress, viscosity and other performance parameters of the magnetorheological fluid 7 increase with the increase of the magnetic field. The mechanical properties are continuously positively correlated with the magnetic field strength, and the response characteristics are rapid and reversible. The sealing piston 6 The circumferential direction cooperates with the housing 4 and the transmission shaft 1, and is sealed to prevent leakage of the magnetorheological fluid 7. The sealing piston 6 axially cooperates with the string bearing 5 for axial positioning. The coil 8 surrounds the outside of the annular cavity of the housing 4. When the coil 8 is energized, a magnetic field is generated around the annular cavity. The change in the magnetic field can change the mechanical properties of the magnetorheological fluid 7. A wire hole is opened on the housing 4. The coil 8, control unit 10, laser sensor 11, strain gauge 12, and battery pack 13 are connected by wires and waterproof. The control unit 10, laser sensor 11, and battery pack 13 are all placed and fixed on the housing 4. The battery pack 13 uses a high-temperature resistant battery. The control unit 10 includes an MCU, an ADC module, and an amplifier circuit. , filtering circuit, wireless transmission assembly, and are integrated into the PCB board. A small hole is opened on the shell 4, and the laser sensor 11 is fixed to one end of the small hole by a screw. An annular groove is opened at the corresponding position of the transmission shaft 1 at the other end of the small hole. Four marking coatings 14 are affixed to the annular groove and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The laser sensor 11 scans the positions of two adjacent marking coatings 14 to measure the rotation speed of the transmission shaft 1. After the rotation speed of the transmission shaft 1 is transmitted to the control unit 10, the torque of the transmission shaft 1 is obtained according to the theoretical formula. The strain gauge 12 is affixed to the lower joint 15 to measure the torque exerted on the lower joint 15. The lower joint 15 and the shell 4 are threadedly connected, and the lower end of the lower joint 15 is connected to the lower drill tool assembly.

[0014] In a specific embodiment, combining Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 3The drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is specifically implemented as follows: the strain gauge 12 measures the torque A of the housing 4 and transmits it to the control unit 10 for storage; the laser sensor 11 measures the rotation speed of the transmission shaft 1 and transmits it to the control unit 10 and converts it into the torque B of the transmission shaft 1 through a theoretical formula; when the ground terminal issues a composite drilling instruction, the control unit 10 increases the output current to increase the magnetic field strength of the coil 8, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 7 increases accordingly, that is, the friction between the transmission shaft 1, the magnetorheological fluid 7 and the housing 4 increases, and finally the torque B transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid 7 is greater than the torque A transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid 7. The intelligent control tool is in a composite drilling state; when the ground terminal issues a directional drilling command, the control unit 10 reduces the output current to reduce the magnetic field strength of the coil 8, and the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 7 decreases accordingly, that is, the friction between the transmission shaft 1, the magnetorheological fluid 7 and the housing 4 is reduced, and ultimately the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid 7 by torque B = the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid 7 by torque A, and the drill string rotation directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is in a directional drilling state; in this process, the upper drill string rotation is relied on to overcome the counter-torque applied to the tool housing, and the values ​​of torque A and torque B are fed back to the ground terminal through the wireless transmission assembly to detect whether the current tool is executing the command correctly.

[0015] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and does not impose any limitation on the present invention. Although the present invention is described in detail in the above embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the above technical solutions. Based on these embodiments, other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative work are also within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid, characterized by: The drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid is located between the upper drill string and the lower drill assembly, and can achieve two working states: composite drilling and directional drilling; The drill string rotation and directional intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid comprises a transmission shaft (1), a TC bearing dynamic ring (2), a TC bearing static ring (3), a housing (4), a string bearing (5), a sealing piston (6), a magnetorheological fluid (7), a coil (8), a sealing pin (9), a control unit (10), a laser sensor (11), a strain gauge (12), a battery pack (13), a marking coating (14), and a lower joint (15). The upper end of the transmission shaft (1) is connected to the upper drill string to realize independent rotation of the housing and the internal rotating parts. The TC bearing dynamic ring (2), the TC bearing static ring (3) and the string bearing are connected to the upper drill string to realize independent rotation of the housing and the internal rotating parts. (5) The bearing module is formed. The upper end of the housing (4) is connected to the TC bearing static ring (3) through a thread. An annular cavity is formed between the housing (4) and the transmission shaft (1) for placing the magnetorheological fluid (7) and is sealed. The transmission shaft (1) and the housing (4) are provided with a friction layer around the annular cavity to increase the friction force. The housing (4) is provided with a liquid injection hole for replacing the magnetorheological fluid (7) and is sealed with a sealing pin (9) in conjunction with the liquid injection hole. The sealing piston (6) is circumferentially matched with the housing (4) and the transmission shaft (1) and is sealed. The axial direction is matched with the string bearing (5) for axial positioning. The coil (8) surrounds the outer ring cavity of the housing (4). When the coil (8) is energized, a magnetic field is generated. A wire hole is opened on the housing (4). The coil (8), the control unit (10), the laser sensor (11), the strain gauge (12), and the battery pack (13) are connected by wires. The control unit (10), the laser sensor (11), and the battery pack (13) are all placed and fixed on the housing (4) and waterproofed. The battery pack (13) uses a high-temperature resistant battery. The control unit (10) includes an MCU, an ADC module, an amplifier circuit, a filter circuit, and a wireless transmission assembly, which are integrated on a PCB board. The housing (4) A small hole is opened on the top, and a laser sensor (11) is fixed to one end of the small hole by a screw. An annular groove is opened at a corresponding position of the transmission shaft (1) at the other end of the small hole. Four marking coatings (14) are affixed in the annular groove and are evenly distributed in the circumferential direction. The laser sensor (11) scans the positions of two adjacent marking coatings (14) to measure the rotation speed of the transmission shaft (1), thereby obtaining the torque of the transmission shaft (1). The strain gauge (12) is affixed to the lower joint (15) to measure the torque applied to the lower joint (15). The lower joint (15) and the housing (4) are connected by threads, and the lower end of the lower joint (15) is connected to the lower drilling tool assembly.

2. The drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The magnetorheological fluid (7) is a free-flowing liquid when there is no magnetic field, and is solid-like under the action of a magnetic field. Performance parameters such as yield stress and viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid (7) increase with the increase of the magnetic field, the mechanical properties are continuously positively correlated with the magnetic field intensity, and the response characteristics have the characteristics of rapidity and reversibility.

3. The drill string rotation and orientation intelligent control tool based on magnetorheological fluid according to claim 1, characterized in that: The strain gauge (12) measures the torque A of the housing and transmits it to the control unit (10) for storage. The laser sensor (11) measures the rotation speed of the transmission shaft (1) and transmits it to the control unit (10) and converts it into the torque B of the transmission shaft (1) through a theoretical formula. When the ground terminal issues a composite drilling instruction, the control unit (10) adjusts the output current so that the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid (7) is greater than the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid (7). During directional drilling, the control unit (10) adjusts the output current so that the torque B' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid (7) is equal to the torque A' transmitted to the magnetorheological fluid (7). In this process, the values ​​of torque A and torque B are fed back to the ground terminal through the wireless transmission assembly to detect whether the current tool executes the instruction correctly.

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