High-speed large-torque connecting structure with overload protection function

Abstract

The invention discloses a high-speed large-torque connection structure with an overload protection function, and relates to the technical field of connection of ship transmission devices. The problem that an existing traditional connection structure cannot well meet the requirements for high speed, large torque and overload protection is solved. An end face spline is adopted as a main bearing connection mode, teeth and tooth grooves of the butt joint end face spline are attached to each other to transmit torque, stress is even, stress is prevented from being highly concentrated, and meanwhile the centering effect is achieved to be beneficial to the high-speed working condition. The connection structure of the end face spline can greatly shorten the axial size, the structure is compact, and disassembly and assembly are convenient. And a crowned tooth coupling structure is combined and adopted as a compensation connection form, the uniform load characteristic between teeth of the end face spline is corrected, errors and deformation are compensated to the maximum extent, and the coupling is suitable for the large-torque working condition. When the limit torque borne by the blades is exceeded, the overload protection pin is automatically cut off, the output blade shaft and the output propeller hub shaft are separated, and the safety of the blades under the overload working condition is protected. The invention is suitable for the technical field of ship transmission.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of connection of ship transmission devices, and in particular to a connection structure with high speed, high torque and overload protection function. Background Art

[0002] As countries around the world pay increasing attention to maritime transport, research into lightweight ship technology is being vigorously promoted both domestically and internationally to adapt to various special water surface navigation conditions, such as swamps, mud, ice, and snow. Currently, more mature lightweight ships are equipped with aerodynamic range extension, which uses aerodynamic force to lift the hull off the water during navigation, sometimes even sailing on land. An air propeller consists of several blades and a central hub. The rotation of the blades accelerates the incoming air, causing a change in momentum and generating thrust. Compared to liquid media, the density of air is much lower, resulting in a large thrust load coefficient for the blades. At the same time, the propeller is operating at high speeds. The blades are often made of high-strength carbon fiber material, which is very costly and requires special protection for the blades under extreme torque conditions.

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned actual working conditions, the existing traditional connection structure cannot well meet the requirements of high speed, high torque and overload protection. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the problem that the existing traditional connection structure cannot well meet the requirements of high speed and high torque and overload protection, the present invention proposes a connection structure with high speed and high torque and overload protection function.

[0005] The present invention provides a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with an overload protection function, comprising an input-end overload protection pin 1, a torque shaft 2, a double-spline input shaft 3, a No. 1 retaining ring 4, a nut 5, a stud 6, a drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7, a double-spline output hub shaft 8, a No. 2 retaining ring 9, an output blade shaft 10, and an output-end overload protection pin 11. The outer surface of the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 is sleeved with a double spline gear input shaft 3, and the connecting boss of the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting boss of the double spline gear input shaft 3 by a nut 5 and a stud 6. The double spline gear input shaft 3 and the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 are both hollow shafts. A drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 is provided inside the connection between the double spline gear input shaft 3 and the double spline gear output hub shaft 8. A No. 1 retaining ring 4 is provided between the outer surface of one end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 and the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft 3, and the outer surface of the other end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft 3. A second retaining ring 9 is provided between the inner walls of the double-spline output hub shaft 8. A torque shaft 2 is provided inside the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7. The outer surface of the outer diameter circumference of the torque shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the double-spline input shaft 3 via n input-end overload protection pins 1, where n is a positive integer. An output blade shaft 10 is provided inside the center hole of the double-spline output hub shaft 8, and the outer circumferential surface of the output blade shaft 10 is inserted into the cavity of the double-spline output hub shaft 8 and connected via m output-end overload protection pins 11, where m is a positive integer. The inner surface of the inner diameter circumference of the torque shaft 2 is threadedly connected to the output blade shaft 10. Furthermore, the upper end face of the double spline input shaft 3 is machined into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference; Furthermore, the inner wall of the double spline input shaft 3 is machined into a drum-shaped gear coupling internal gear structure, which is connected to the drum-shaped external gear at one end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7; Furthermore, the side end face of the double spline output hub shaft 8 is processed into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference. The interior of the center hole of the double spline output hub shaft 8 is processed into an internal tooth structure of a drum-shaped gear coupling, which is connected to the drum-shaped external tooth at the other end of the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7; Furthermore, both sides of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 are processed into the spherical tooth top external tooth structure of the drum-shaped gear coupling; Furthermore, the large diameter inner wall of the cavity of the double spline input shaft 3 and the double spline output hub shaft 8 is machined with a branch opening, and the torque shaft 2 and the output blade shaft 10 are limited by pins; Furthermore, the number n of the input-end overload protection pins 1 is n=4; Furthermore, the number of the output end overload protection pins 11 is m, m=4; Furthermore, the double-spline input shaft 3, the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7, the double-spline output hub shaft 8 and the output blade shaft 10 are coaxially arranged; Furthermore, the outer surfaces of the input-end overload protection pin 1 and the output-end overload protection pin 11 are both machined with disassembly threaded holes; Furthermore, when in use, the double-spline input shaft 3 is connected to the output end of the ship's gear system, transmitting the main engine's power torque to the double-spline input shaft 3; then it is axially compressed and connected to the double-spline output hub shaft 8 through thirty-two nuts 5 and sixteen double-headed studs 6, and the torque is transmitted to the propeller hub shaft through the end face spline structure. The two end face splines are uniformly processed into twelve smooth hole structures in the circumferential direction, and the hole positions of the double-spline input shaft and the output hub shaft are matched and processed to ensure assembly accuracy. The two butted end face spline teeth and tooth grooves fit each other, and the transmitted torque is shared by multiple teeth, so the force is relatively uniform and stress concentration is avoided; under normal working conditions, the connected double-headed studs are not subject to shear force, but only to axial tension, and the bolts are not prone to fatigue failure. The face spline has a high load percentage on the tooth root side, strong wear resistance, small axial and radial runout and automatic centering function, which avoids the deflection caused by the non-concentricity of the rotating shaft of the connection, which is beneficial to high-speed working conditions. At the same time, the face spline connection method can greatly shorten the axial dimension, compact structure, and easy disassembly and assembly. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the local three-dimensional structure of the double spline teeth of the double spline input shaft 3 requires high indexing accuracy and high repeatability during the processing, and the processing accuracy requirement of the hole is that the coincidence deviation between the tooth groove center and the hole distribution center is no more than ±0.1.

[0006] Under high-speed and high-torque working conditions, the drum-tooth coupling structure between the drum-toothed intermediate compensation shaft 7, the double-splined input shaft 3 and the double-splined output hub shaft 8, and the spherical structure of the tooth top of the drum-shaped spline external teeth ensure that the fluctuating centrifugal inertia force and aerodynamic load between the input and output shafts can achieve tiny radial displacement and yaw displacement within a certain limit, can achieve automatic centering compensation, correct the load-balancing characteristics between the teeth of the end face splines, compensate for errors and deformations to the maximum extent, and have certain impact resistance and vibration reduction capabilities.

[0007] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention overcomes the shortcomings of the prior art by employing an end spline as the primary load-bearing connection. The teeth of the end spline, mating with the tooth grooves, mate to each other to transmit torque, evenly distributing force and avoiding high stress concentration. It also provides a centering effect, which is beneficial for high-speed operation. The end spline connection structure also significantly reduces axial dimensions, resulting in a compact structure and easy assembly and disassembly. Combined with a drum-shaped gear coupling structure as a compensating connection, the load-balancing characteristics between the teeth of the end spline are corrected, minimizing errors and deformation, making it suitable for high-torque operating conditions. Under rated operating conditions, the torque shaft transmits torque to the output blade shaft, which runs coaxially with the output hub shaft at the same speed. When the maximum torque that the blade can withstand is exceeded, the overload protection pin automatically shears off, disengaging the output blade shaft from the output hub shaft, protecting the blades under overload conditions. This design perfectly meets the high-speed, high-torque connection requirements between the transmission system and the air propeller in high-speed, specialized amphibious vessels, while also ensuring blade protection under overload conditions. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0008] Figure 1 This is a front view of a high-speed, high-torque, overload protection coupling structure according to the present invention; Figure 2 yes Figure 1 AA cross-sectional view of a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with overload protection function according to the present invention; Figure 3 yes Figure 2 Cross-sectional view BB of a connection structure with high speed, high torque and overload protection function according to the present invention; Figure 4 It is a three-dimensional structural schematic diagram of a double spline input shaft in a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function described in the present invention; Figure 5 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the tooth profile on the double spline input shaft in a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with overload protection function described in the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0009] Specific implementation method 1: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with an overload protection function, comprising an input-end overload protection pin 1, a torque shaft 2, a double-spline input shaft 3, a No. 1 retaining ring 4, a nut 5, a stud 6, a drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7, a double-spline output hub shaft 8, a No. 2 retaining ring 9, an output blade shaft 10, and an output-end overload protection pin 11. The outer surface of the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 is sleeved with a double spline gear input shaft 3, and the connecting boss of the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 is fixedly connected to the connecting boss of the double spline gear input shaft 3 by a nut 5 and a stud 6. The double spline gear input shaft 3 and the double spline gear output hub shaft 8 are both hollow shafts. A drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 is provided inside the connection between the double spline gear input shaft 3 and the double spline gear output hub shaft 8. A No. 1 retaining ring 4 is provided between the outer surface of one end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 and the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft 3, and the outer surface of the other end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 is fixed to the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft 3. A second retaining ring 9 is provided between the inner walls of the double-spline output hub shaft 8. A torque shaft 2 is provided inside the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7. The outer surface of the outer diameter circumference of the torque shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the double-spline input shaft 3 via n input-end overload protection pins 1, where n is a positive integer. An output blade shaft 10 is provided inside the center hole of the double-spline output hub shaft 8, and the outer circumferential surface of the output blade shaft 10 is inserted into the cavity of the double-spline output hub shaft 8 and connected via m output-end overload protection pins 11, where m is a positive integer. The inner surface of the inner diameter circumference of the torque shaft 2 is threadedly connected to the output blade shaft 10. In this specific embodiment, the output end of the ship transmission system is connected to the double-spline input shaft to input power torque. The double-spline input shaft transmits the power torque to the double-spline output hub shaft through the end face spline structure, and the double-spline input shaft and the double-spline output hub shaft are axially compressed and connected by studs and nuts. The drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft is connected to the double-spline input shaft and the double-spline output hub shaft through a drum-shaped gear coupling structure, which plays a centering compensation function under high-speed conditions. The torque shaft is connected to the double-spline input shaft through the input end overload protection pin, and the output blade shaft is connected to the double-spline output hub shaft through the output end overload protection pin. The torque shaft and the output blade shaft are connected by a thread. Under rated operating conditions, the torque shaft transmits torque to the output blade shaft, and the output blade shaft and the double-spline output hub shaft run coaxially and synchronously at the same speed. When the torque exceeds the limit that the blade can withstand, the overload protection pin automatically cuts off, and the output blade shaft and the double-spline output hub shaft disengage, protecting the safety of the blade under overload conditions.

[0010] Specific implementation method 2: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the connection structure described in the first embodiment. This embodiment provides a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with overload protection. The upper end face of the double-spline input shaft 3 is machined into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference. In this specific embodiment, twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference of the spline structure area on the upper end surface of the double spline input shaft 3, so that the double spline input shaft and the double spline output hub shaft need to be matched and processed to ensure assembly accuracy.

[0011] Specific implementation method three: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described as a further limitation of the connection structure described in the second specific embodiment. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with an overload protection function. The inner wall of the double spline input shaft 3 is processed into an internal tooth structure of a drum-shaped tooth coupling, which is connected to the drum-shaped external tooth at one end of the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7.

[0012] Specific implementation method four: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described as a further limitation of the coupling structure described in the third embodiment. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection. The side end face of the double-spline output hub shaft 8 is machined into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are machined evenly distributed along the circumference. The interior of the center hole of the double-spline output hub shaft 8 is machined into an internal tooth structure of a drum-shaped gear coupling, which is connected to the drum-shaped external teeth at the other end of the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7. In this embodiment, the connection between the double-spline input shaft and the double-spline output hub shaft utilizes a face spline primary load-bearing connection. The two butted face spline teeth mate with the tooth grooves, distributing the transmitted torque across multiple teeth. This results in a more even distribution of force and avoids high stress concentration. The face splines also serve as a centering mechanism, preventing runout caused by misalignment of the connecting shafts, which is beneficial for high-speed operation. Furthermore, this face spline connection significantly reduces axial dimensions, resulting in a compact structure and easy assembly and disassembly.

[0013] Specific implementation method five: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described as a further limitation of the coupling structure described in the fourth embodiment. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with an overload protection function. Both sides of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft 7 are machined into the spherical tooth top external tooth structure of the drum-shaped gear coupling. This specific embodiment utilizes a drum-toothed intermediate compensating shaft with drum-shaped spline external teeth on both sides. The spherical tooth top structure of the drum-shaped external spline teeth ensures that the input and output shafts can achieve minimal radial and runout displacement within certain limits under fluctuating centrifugal inertia and aerodynamic loads. This enables automatic centering compensation, corrects the load-sharing characteristics between the end spline teeth, maximizes error and deformation compensation, and provides sufficient impact resistance and vibration reduction capabilities. The drum-toothed intermediate compensating shaft is axially positioned by two retaining rings assembled in the internal slots of the splines on the input and output shafts.

[0014] Specific implementation method six: combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the connection structure described in the first embodiment. This embodiment provides a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with overload protection. The double-spline input shaft 3 and the double-spline output hub shaft 8 have branch openings machined into the inner wall of the large-diameter cavity. Pins are used to position the torque shaft 2 and the output blade shaft 10. This embodiment utilizes a precision-machined positioning end surface on the left side of the torque shaft, and a precision-machined positioning support in the left hole of the double-spline input shaft. These two precision-machined surfaces provide axial positioning between the torque shaft and the double-spline input shaft. Four overload protection pins provide circumferential positioning between the torque shaft and the double-spline input shaft. The right side of the torque shaft is externally threaded and connects to the internally threaded hole on the left side of the output blade shaft.

[0015] Specific implementation method seven: combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described as a further limitation of the connection structure described in the first embodiment. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with an overload protection function. The number n of the input-end overload protection pins 1 is n=4.

[0016] Specific implementation method eight: combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described as a further limitation of the connection structure described in the first embodiment. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with an overload protection function. The number m of the output-end overload protection pins 11 is m=4.

[0017] Specific implementation method nine: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment is described. This embodiment is a further limitation of the connection structure described in the specific embodiment 1. This embodiment describes a high-speed, high-torque connection structure with an overload protection function, in which the double-spline input shaft 3, the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft 7, the double-spline output hub shaft 8 and the output blade shaft 10 are coaxially arranged.

[0018] Specific implementation method ten: Combination Figures 1 to 5 This embodiment further defines the coupling structure described in the first embodiment. This embodiment provides a high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with an overload protection function. Disassembly threaded holes are machined on the outer surfaces of the input-end overload protection pin 1 and the output-end overload protection pin 11. In this specific embodiment, disassembly threaded holes are processed on the outer surfaces of the input-end overload protection pin 1 and the output-end overload protection pin 11. When the torque is overloaded, the protection pins are sheared off, which facilitates disassembly and installation. In addition, hydraulic oil holes are processed at the positions of the torque shaft and the output blade shaft pin holes. Through professional hydraulic tooling, the protection pins can be disassembled and sheared off.

[0019] How it works When in use, the double-spline input shaft 3 is connected to the output end of the ship's gear system, transmitting the main engine's power torque to the double-spline input shaft 3; then, it is axially compressed and connected to the double-spline output hub shaft 8 through thirty-two nuts 5 and sixteen double-headed studs 6, and the torque is transmitted to the propeller hub shaft through the end face spline structure. The two end face splines are uniformly processed into twelve smooth hole structures in the circumferential direction, and the hole positions of the double-spline input shaft and the output hub shaft are matched and processed to ensure assembly accuracy. The two butted end face spline teeth and tooth grooves fit each other, and the transmitted torque is shared by multiple teeth, so the force is relatively uniform and stress concentration is avoided; under normal working conditions, the connected double-headed studs are not subject to shear force, but only axial tension, and the bolts are not prone to fatigue failure. The face spline has a high load percentage on the tooth root side, strong wear resistance, small axial and radial runout and automatic centering function, which avoids the deflection caused by the non-concentricity of the rotating shaft of the connection, which is beneficial to high-speed working conditions. At the same time, the face spline connection method can greatly shorten the axial dimension, compact structure, and easy disassembly and assembly. Figure 4 and Figure 5 It can be seen that the local three-dimensional structure of the double spline teeth of the double spline input shaft 3 requires high indexing accuracy and high repeatability during the processing, and the processing accuracy requirement of the hole is that the coincidence deviation between the tooth groove center and the hole distribution center is no more than ±0.1.

[0020] Under high-speed and high-torque working conditions, the drum-tooth coupling structure between the drum-toothed intermediate compensation shaft 7, the double-splined input shaft 3 and the double-splined output hub shaft 8, and the spherical structure of the tooth top of the drum-shaped spline external teeth ensure that the fluctuating centrifugal inertia force and aerodynamic load between the input and output shafts can achieve tiny radial displacement and yaw displacement within a certain limit, can achieve automatic centering compensation, correct the load-balancing characteristics between the teeth of the end face splines, compensate for errors and deformations to the maximum extent, and have certain impact resistance and vibration reduction capabilities.

Claims

1. A high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection, characterized by: It includes an input end overload protection pin (1), a torque shaft (2), a double spline input shaft (3), a No. 1 retaining ring (4), a nut (5), a double-headed stud (6), a drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7), a double spline output hub shaft (8), a No. 2 retaining ring (9), an output blade shaft (10) and an output end overload protection pin (11); The outer surface of the double spline gear output hub shaft (8) is sleeved with a double spline gear input shaft (3), and the connecting boss of the double spline gear output hub shaft (8) and the connecting boss of the double spline gear input shaft (3) are fixedly connected by a nut (5) and a double-headed stud (6), the double spline gear input shaft (3) and the double spline gear output hub shaft (8) are both hollow shafts, and a drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7) is provided inside the connection between the double spline gear input shaft (3) and the double spline gear output hub shaft (8), a first retaining ring (4) is provided between the outer surface of one end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7) and the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft (3), and the outer surface of the other end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7) is fixedly connected to the double spline gear input shaft (3). A second retaining ring (9) is provided between the inner wall of the double spline gear output hub shaft (8), a torsion shaft (2) is provided inside the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7), and the outer diameter circumference outer surface of the torsion shaft (2) and the inner wall of the double spline gear input shaft (3) are fixedly connected through n input end overload protection pins (1), where n is a positive integer. An output blade shaft (10) is provided inside the center hole of the double spline gear output hub shaft (8), and the outer cylindrical surface of the output blade shaft (10) is inserted into the cavity of the double spline gear output hub shaft (8) and connected through m output end overload protection pins (11), where m is a positive integer. The inner diameter circumference inner surface of the torsion shaft (2) is threadedly connected to the output blade shaft (10).

2. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper end face of the double spline input shaft (3) is machined into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference.

3. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 2, characterized in that: The inner wall of the double spline input shaft (3) is machined into an inner tooth structure of a drum-shaped gear coupling, which is connected to the outer drum-shaped gear at one end of the drum-shaped gear intermediate compensation shaft (7).

4. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 3, characterized in that: The side end face of the double spline output hub shaft (8) is processed into an end face spline structure, and twelve light holes are evenly distributed along the circumference. The inside of the center hole of the double spline output hub shaft (8) is processed into an internal tooth structure of a drum-shaped tooth coupling, which is connected to the drum-shaped external tooth at the other end of the drum-shaped tooth intermediate compensation shaft (7).

5. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 4, characterized in that: Both sides of the drum-shaped gear type intermediate compensation shaft (7) are processed into the spherical tooth top external tooth structure of the drum-shaped gear type coupling.

6. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The large diameter circumferential inner wall of the cavity of the double spline input shaft (3) and the double spline output hub shaft (8) is processed with a branch opening, and the torque shaft (2) and the output blade shaft (10) are limited by pins.

7. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number n of the input overload protection pins (1) is n=4.

8. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the output end overload protection pins (11) is m, m=4.

9. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: The double-spline input shaft (3), the drum-shaped intermediate compensation shaft (7), the double-spline output hub shaft (8) and the output blade shaft (10) are coaxially arranged.

10. The high-speed, high-torque coupling structure with overload protection function according to claim 1, characterized in that: Disassembly threaded holes are machined on the outer surfaces of the input end overload protection pin (1) and the output end overload protection pin (11).

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