Electromagnetic clutch for high-speed motor shaft and wheel shaft

Abstract

The invention discloses an electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel shaft. The electromagnetic clutch comprises a movable iron core arranged on the motor shaft in a sleeving mode. The electromagnetic assembly surrounds the periphery of the movable iron core; the driving end face fluted disc is circumferentially fixed with the motor shaft and is connected with the movable iron core; the blocking component is fixed with the motor shaft; the motor shaft is sleeved with the elastic component, one end of the elastic component is matched with the driving end face fluted disc, and the other end of the elastic component is matched with the blocking component; an electromagnetic acting force generated after the electromagnetic assembly is electrified enables the movable iron core to move axially, and the movable iron core drives the driving end face fluted disc to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component and then to be combined with the combination fluted disc, so that the motor shaft is connected with the wheel shaft in the circumferential direction; after the electromagnetic assembly loses power, elastic force released by the elastic component drives the driving end face fluted disc to be separated from the combined fluted disc, and the driving end face fluted disc drives the movable iron core to reset. Connection between the motor shaft and the wheel shaft can be disconnected according to needs so as to avoid power consumption caused by reverse dragging.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of electric drive systems for new energy vehicles, and in particular to an electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle. Background Art

[0002] An electromagnetic clutch is an electromagnetic mechanical connector that uses the principle of electromagnetic induction and the friction between the inner and outer friction plates to enable the two rotating parts in the mechanical transmission system to be connected or separated from the driven part without stopping the active part. It is an automatically executed electrical appliance. The electromagnetic clutch can be used to control the starting, reversing, speed regulation and braking of the machine. It has a simple structure, fast action, low control energy, and is easy to control from a distance. Although it is small in size, it can transmit a large torque. When used as a brake control, it has the advantages of rapid and smooth braking. Therefore, electromagnetic clutches are widely used in various processing machine tools and mechanical transmission systems.

[0003] In the field of new energy vehicles, depending on the driving status, the driver may remove the pressure on the accelerator pedal. For example, when braking is needed, or when driving downhill, some motors will be stopped to improve battery life. However, since the output shaft of the motor is directly connected to the wheel axle, after the driver cuts off the power supply to the motor, the moving vehicle will generate back electromotive force through the wheels dragging the motor, resulting in unnecessary power loss. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present invention provides an electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle. The present invention can disconnect the motor shaft and the wheel axle as needed to avoid power consumption caused by reverse drag.

[0005] An electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel shaft, comprising a motor shaft, a wheel shaft, and a moving iron core sleeved on the motor shaft;

[0006] An electromagnetic assembly surrounds the moving iron core;

[0007] An active end face gear disc circumferentially fixed to the motor shaft, the active end face gear disc being connected to the moving iron core;

[0008] A blocking component for fixing to the motor shaft;

[0009] An elastic component sleeved on the motor shaft, one end of the elastic component cooperates with the active end face gear disc, and the other end of the elastic component cooperates with the blocking component;

[0010] The combined toothed disc is fixed to the wheel shaft. When the electromagnetic component is energized, the electromagnetic force generated causes the moving iron core to move axially. The moving iron core drives the active end face toothed disc to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component and then combine with the combined toothed disc, so that the motor shaft and the wheel shaft are circumferentially connected.

[0011] After the electromagnetic assembly loses power, the elastic force released by the elastic component drives the active end face gear disc to separate from the combined gear disc, and the active end face gear disc drives the moving iron core to reset.

[0012] When it is necessary to switch the active end face gear disc and the combined gear disc from a disconnected state to a combined state, power is supplied to the electromagnetic assembly. The electromagnetic force generated by the electromagnetic assembly after being energized causes the movable iron core to move axially. The movable iron core drives the active end face gear disc to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component and then combines with the combined gear disc, so that the motor shaft and the wheel shaft are circumferentially connected. When it is necessary to switch the active end face gear disc and the combined gear disc from a combined state to a disconnected state, the power supply to the electromagnetic assembly is cut off. After the electromagnetic assembly loses power, the elastic force released by the elastic component drives the active end face gear disc and the combined gear disc to separate. After the active end face gear disc drives the movable iron core to reset, the elastic force released by the elastic component causes the movable iron core to abut against the limit portion provided on the motor shaft, thereby preventing the second radial protrusion from abutting against the axial end face of the inner ring, thereby preventing the second radial protrusion from generating friction with the inner ring when the movable iron core rotates with the motor shaft. If the motor connected to the motor shaft is in a stopped state, after the connection between the end face gear plate and the combined gear plate is disconnected, the power generated by the rotating wheel cannot be transmitted to the motor shaft through the wheel axle, thereby avoiding power consumption caused by reverse dragging of the motor in a stopped state.

[0013] The present invention has the following advantages:

[0014] First, it can be used for coupling or disconnection at high speeds. For example, when the motor speed is 3000 rpm, the active end face gear disc and the coupling gear disc are disconnected, or when the wheel shaft speed is 2000 rpm, the active end face gear disc and the coupling gear disc are coupled.

[0015] Second, the moving iron core and the active end face gear are effectively constrained to avoid jumping and impact at high speeds.

[0016] Third, the structure realizes that there is no rotating friction pair except for the clutch meshing tooth surface, achieving zero wear and excellent NVH performance at ultra-high speed. For example, the moving iron core is fixed to the motor shaft and the active end face gear disc in the circumferential direction, and the clearance between the moving iron core and the electromagnetic assembly is matched, so that there is no wear between the moving iron core and the electromagnetic assembly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] Figure 1 A three-dimensional diagram of an electromagnetic clutch used for high-speed motor shafts and wheel axles.

[0018] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of an electromagnetic clutch used for high-speed motor shafts and wheel axles.

[0019] Figure 3 This is the matching diagram of the moving iron core and the active end face gear.

[0020] Figure 4 A cross-sectional view of the moving iron core and electromagnetic components.

[0021] Figure 5 A perspective view of the electromagnetic assembly with some parts hidden.

[0022] Figure 6 This is an assembly diagram of the electromagnetic clutch and outer shell used for the high-speed motor shaft and wheel axle.

[0023] Symbols in the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Motor shaft 1, limiting portion 1a, first hole 1b, first bearing 1c, axle 2, moving iron core 11, first sleeve 11a, first radial protrusion 11b, second radial protrusion 11c, first combining tooth 11d, electromagnetic assembly 12, coil 12a, static iron core 12b, outer ring 12c, middle connecting plate 12d, inner ring 12e, accommodating cavity 12f, making way gap 12g, step 12h, active end face gear disc 13, second combining tooth 13a, gear sleeve 13b, gear disc 13c, groove 13d, blocking component 14, elastic component 15, combining gear disc 16, gap 17, support shell 18. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0025] The present invention will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0026] like Figures 1 to 6 As shown, the electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle of the present invention includes a motor shaft 1, a wheel axle 2, a moving iron core 11, an electromagnetic assembly 12, an active end face gear disc 13, a blocking component 14, an elastic component 15, and a combined gear disc 16. The various parts and the relationship between them are described in detail below.

[0027] The motor shaft 1 is provided with a first hole 1b, in which a first bearing 1c is installed. The wheel axle 2 extends into the first hole 1b and is connected to the first bearing 1c. When the active end face gear disc 13 and the coupling gear disc 16 are in engagement, the motor outputs torque to rotate the motor shaft 1, and the wheel axle 2 rotates along with the motor shaft 1. When the active end face gear disc 13 and the coupling gear disc 16 switch from engagement to separation, if the motor stops working, the motor shaft 1 stops rotating. At this time, the vehicle continues to travel under the action of the inertia, and the wheel axle 2 rotates under the transmission action of the wheel. Since the wheel axle 2 is connected to the first bearing 1c, the wheel axle 2 will not transmit torque to the motor shaft 1 when it rotates. On the other hand, after the wheel axle 2 is connected to the first bearing 1c located in the first hole 1b, the end of the wheel axle 2 obtains support force, making the operation of the wheel axle 2 more stable.

[0028] The movable iron core 11 is provided with an axial through-hole, through which the motor shaft 1 passes, so that the movable iron core 11 is sleeved on the motor shaft 1 and the movable iron core 11 and the motor shaft 1 slide together. The movable iron core 11 includes a first sleeve 11a that is loosely sleeved on the motor shaft 1. The outer circumference of the first sleeve 11a is provided with a first radial protrusion 11 for mating with the electromagnetic assembly 12. The first radial protrusion 11b is provided with a second radial protrusion 11c for mating with the electromagnetic assembly 12. The first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c are both cylindrical. A first engaging tooth 11d is provided at one end of the movable iron core 11, and the first engaging tooth 11d is used to mate with the active end face gear disc 13.

[0029] The electromagnetic assembly 12 surrounds the moving iron core 11, and the movement of the moving iron core 11 is controlled by the electromagnetic assembly 12. During operation, since the moving iron core 11 and the active end face gear disc 13 rotate along with the motor shaft 1, in order to avoid friction between the moving iron core 11 and the electromagnetic assembly 12 during rotation, a gap 17 is provided between the circumference of the moving iron core 11 and the electromagnetic assembly 12. The electromagnetic assembly 12 is fixed to a supporting shell 18.

[0030] The electromagnetic assembly 12 includes a housing, a coil 12a, and a static iron core 12b. The housing includes an outer ring 12c, an intermediate connecting plate 12d, and an inner ring 12e. One end of the intermediate connecting plate 12d is fixed to the outer ring 12c, and the other end of the intermediate connecting plate 12d is fixed to the inner ring 12e. A receiving cavity 12f is formed between the outer ring 12c, the intermediate connecting plate 12d, and the inner ring 12e. The coil 12a is assembled in the receiving cavity 12f. The length of the inner ring 12e is shorter than that of the outer ring 12c. After the static iron core 12b is fixed to the other end of the outer ring 12c, a clearance gap 12g is formed between the static iron core 12b and the inner ring 12e. A portion of the movable iron core 11 is located within this clearance gap 12g. A step 12h is provided on the inner wall of the outer ring 12c. The static iron core 12b is located within the outer ring 12c and engages with the step 12h.

[0031] The inner ring 12e surrounds the first radial protrusion 11b, and there is the gap 17 between the inner ring 12e and the first radial protrusion 11b. The second radial protrusion 11c is located in the clearance gap 12g. The length of the second radial protrusion 11c is less than the length of the clearance gap 12g. Therefore, when the moving iron core 11 moves along the axial direction of the motor shaft 1, the clearance gap 12g provides clearance space for the second radial protrusion 11c.

[0032] The first sleeve 11a, the first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c are all made of armature, and the axial end surfaces of the first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c face the static iron core 12b. Therefore, when the electromagnetic assembly 12 is energized, the static iron core 12b is magnetized, and the static iron core 12b becomes a magnet. The static iron core 12b generates a magnetic force on the first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c, so that the first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c are moved toward the static iron core. 12b moves, thereby driving the active end face toothed disc 13 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component 15 and feed toward the combined toothed disc 16, and finally the active end face toothed disc 13 is engaged with the combined toothed disc 16. When the active end face toothed disc 13 and the combined toothed disc 16 are fully engaged, the combined toothed disc 16 forms axial positioning for the active end face toothed disc 13. At this time, the movable iron core 11 cannot continue to move toward the static iron core 12b, thereby preventing the axial end faces of the first radial protrusion 11b and the second radial protrusion 11c from contacting the static iron core 12b.

[0033] The active end face gear disc 13 is circumferentially fixed to the motor shaft 1. In the present invention, the active end face gear disc 13 includes a gear sleeve 13b and a gear disc 13c. The gear sleeve 13b and the gear disc 13c are fixed. The inner hole wall surface of the gear sleeve 13b is provided with a spline. The circumferential surface of the motor shaft 1 is provided with a spline. The gear sleeve 13b and the motor shaft 1 are matched through the spline. In this way, the active end face gear disc 13 and the motor shaft 1 can be circumferentially fixed, and the active end face gear disc 13 can also move axially relative to the motor shaft 1 when subjected to an axial force. The axial end surface of the gear disc 13c is provided with a coupling tooth for coupling with the coupling gear disc 16.

[0034] The active end face gear disc 13 is connected to the moving iron core 11. In the present invention, a first coupling tooth 11d is provided at one end of the moving iron core 11, and a second coupling tooth 13a is provided at one end of the active end face gear disc 13. The elastic force of the elastic component 15 keeps the second coupling tooth 13a engaged with the first coupling tooth 11d, so that the active end face gear disc 13 and the moving iron core 11 are fixed in the circumferential direction. Since the active end face gear disc 13 is circumferentially fixed to the motor shaft 1, when the motor shaft 1 rotates, the torque of the motor shaft 1 is first transmitted to the active end face gear disc 13, and the active end face gear disc 13 then transmits the torque to the moving iron core 11, so that the active end face gear disc 13 and the moving iron core 11 rotate together with the motor shaft 1, thereby achieving no friction between the motor shaft 1, the active end face gear disc 13 and the moving iron core 11 when the three rotate.

[0035] The blocking component 14 is fixed to the motor shaft 1. The blocking component 14 is a retaining ring. The blocking component 14 is fixed to the motor shaft 1 by screws or welding. The elastic component 15 is sleeved on the motor shaft 1. One end of the elastic component 15 cooperates with the active end face gear disc 13, and the other end of the elastic component 15 cooperates with the blocking component 14. The elastic component 15 is a wave spring or a coil spring.

[0036] The blocking component 14 is fixed to the motor shaft 1, and the blocking component 14 and the active end face gear disc 13 have the same rotational speed as the motor shaft 1. Therefore, there is no rotational speed difference on the contact surfaces on both sides of the elastic component 15, thereby avoiding wear on both sides of the elastic component 15 due to the rotational speed difference, and further avoiding the elastic component 15 from loosening after working for a period of time.

[0037] In the present invention, a groove 13d is provided on the axial end face of the active end face gear disc 13 facing the coupling gear disc 16. After the elastic component 15 is sleeved on the motor shaft 1, at least a portion of the elastic component 15 is located in the groove 13d provided on the active end face gear disc 13. This is conducive to shortening the axial length of the product and avoiding the product requiring a larger space for assembly due to being too large.

[0038] The coupling toothed disc 16 is fixed to the wheel axle 2. When the electromagnetic assembly 12 is energized, the electromagnetic force generated causes the movable iron core 11 to move axially. The movable iron core 11 drives the active end face toothed disc 13 to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component 15 and then couple with the coupling toothed disc 16, so that the motor shaft 1 and the wheel axle 2 are circumferentially connected.

[0039] In the present invention, a limiting portion 1a is provided on the motor shaft 1 to prevent the end face of the moving iron core 11 from engaging with the end face of the electromagnetic assembly 12. After the electromagnetic assembly 12 loses power, the elastic force released by the elastic component 15 drives the active end face gear disc 13 to separate from the engaging gear disc 16. After the active end face gear disc 13 drives the moving iron core 11 to reset, the elastic force released by the elastic component 15 causes the moving iron core 11 to form abutment with the limiting portion 1a, thereby preventing the second radial protrusion 11c from forming abutment with the axial end face of the inner ring 12e, thereby preventing the second radial protrusion 11c from rubbing against the inner ring 12e when the moving iron core 11 rotates with the motor shaft 1.

Claims

1. An electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel shaft, comprising a motor shaft (1) and a wheel shaft (2), characterized in that: Also includes: A moving iron core (11) for sleeved on the motor shaft (1); An electromagnetic assembly (12), the electromagnetic assembly (12) surrounds the moving iron core (11); An active end face gear disc (13) circumferentially fixed to the motor shaft (1), the active end face gear disc (13) being connected to the moving iron core (11); a blocking component (14) for fixing to the motor shaft (1); An elastic component (15) is sleeved on the motor shaft (1), one end of the elastic component (15) is engaged with the active end face gear disc (13), and the other end of the elastic component (15) is engaged with the blocking component (14); The electromagnetic component (12) generates an electromagnetic force after being energized, which causes the moving iron core (11) to move axially. The moving iron core (11) drives the active end face toothed disc (13) to overcome the elastic force of the elastic component (15) and then combines with the coupling toothed disc (16), thereby connecting the motor shaft (1) and the wheel shaft (2) in the circumferential direction. After the electromagnetic assembly (12) loses power, the elastic force released by the elastic component (15) drives the active end face toothed disc (13) and the combined toothed disc (16) to separate, and the active end face toothed disc (13) drives the moving iron core (11) to reset.

2. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel shaft according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor shaft (1) is provided with a limiting portion (1a) for preventing the end face of the moving iron core (11) from engaging with the end face of the electromagnetic assembly (12).

3. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The moving iron core (11) comprises a first sleeve (11a) which is loosely sleeved on the motor shaft (1); a first radial protrusion (11b) for cooperating with the electromagnetic assembly (12) is provided on the outer peripheral surface of the first sleeve (11a).

4. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel shaft according to claim 3, characterized in that: A second radial protrusion (11c) for cooperating with the electromagnetic assembly (12) is provided on the first radial protrusion (11b).

5. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: One end of the moving iron core (11) is provided with a first coupling tooth (11d), and one end of the active end face toothed disc (13) is provided with a second coupling tooth (13a). The elastic force of the elastic component (15) keeps the second coupling tooth (13a) engaged with the first coupling tooth (11d).

6. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A gap (17) is provided between the peripheral surface of the moving iron core (11) and the electromagnetic assembly (12).

7. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electromagnetic assembly (12) includes a shell, a coil (12a), and a static iron core (12b). The shell includes an outer ring (12c), an intermediate connecting plate (12d), and an inner ring (12e). One end of the intermediate connecting plate (12d) is fixed to the outer ring (12c). After the other end of the intermediate connecting plate (12d) is fixed to the inner ring (12e), a receiving cavity (12f) is formed between the outer ring (12c), the intermediate connecting plate (12d), and the inner ring (12e). The coil (12a) is assembled in the receiving cavity (12f). The length of the inner ring (12e) is shorter than that of the outer ring (12c). After the static iron core (12b) is fixed to the other end of the outer ring (12c), a clearance gap (12g) is formed between the static iron core (12b) and the inner ring (12e). A portion of the moving iron core (11) is located in the clearance gap (12g).

8. The electromagnetic clutch for a high-speed motor shaft and a wheel axle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The motor shaft (1) is provided with a first hole (1b), a first bearing (1c) is installed in the first hole (1b), and the wheel shaft (2) extends into the first hole (1b) and is connected to the first bearing (1c).

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