Vehicle fault diagnosis method and system, electronic equipment and storage medium

Abstract

The invention discloses a vehicle fault diagnosis method and system, electronic equipment and a storage medium, and relates to the technical field of vehicle fault analysis, and the vehicle fault diagnosis method comprises the steps: obtaining vehicle sound data and vibration data; judging whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid or not; if the sound data and the vibration data are valid, performing spectral analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data, and extracting a real-time fault feature value; and performing health degree evaluation on the vehicle according to the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the health operation characteristic value. The sound signals and the vibration signals are utilized, the sound signals and the vibration signals are analyzed, the running state of the vehicle is monitored in real time or at regular intervals, predictive repair and maintenance are carried out on the vehicle, and therefore full-life-cycle health management of the vehicle is achieved, and the accuracy of fault analysis is improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle fault analysis, and in particular to a vehicle fault diagnosis method, system, electronic equipment and storage medium. Background Art

[0002] As a core component of the modern automotive industry, automotive fault diagnosis technology is undergoing a revolutionary transformation from traditional mechanical testing to intelligent, networked systems. With the global vehicle population exceeding 1.4 billion, this technology not only impacts the operational safety of individual vehicles but also becomes a crucial technical support for road safety, environmental protection, and the sustainable development of the automotive industry.

[0003] With the accelerated development of smart cockpits, vehicles can leverage the hardware and computing power of smart cockpits to perform intelligent fault diagnosis and carry out predictive maintenance and repairs to avoid safety risks caused by vehicle failures. However, existing technologies often only use vibration data to analyze faults in various vehicle components, which has low accuracy. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The present application provides a vehicle fault diagnosis method, system, electronic device and storage medium to solve at least one technical problem existing in the related art.

[0005] According to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle fault diagnosis method is provided, including: obtaining vehicle sound data and vibration data; determining whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid; if the sound data and the vibration data are valid, performing spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data to extract real-time fault characteristic values; and performing a health assessment on the vehicle based on the real-time fault characteristic values, factory calibration values, and healthy operation characteristic values.

[0006] As an optional implementation, the determining whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid includes: determining whether the current vehicle operating condition is in a preset operating condition; if the current vehicle operating condition is in a preset operating condition, determining that the sound data and the vibration data are valid.

[0007] As an optional implementation, the preset operating conditions include: being in a constant speed driving state, the audio is turned off, the windows are closed, and the air conditioner is turned off.

[0008] As an optional implementation, the vehicle includes an intelligent cockpit system, and the intelligent cockpit system includes a microphone; and obtaining the vehicle sound data and vibration data includes: controlling the microphone to obtain the vehicle sound data.

[0009] As an optional implementation, the vehicle health assessment based on the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the healthy operation characteristic value includes: setting the health to y, Among them, X i is the real-time fault characteristic value; X 标定 is the factory calibration value, X 历史均值 is the healthy operation characteristic value.

[0010] As an optional implementation, if y≤1.5, it is determined that the vehicle is operating normally; if y>1.5, it is determined that there is a fault in the vehicle operation.

[0011] As an optional implementation, if y≤1.5, the vehicle is judged to be operating normally; if 1.5<y≤3 for three or more consecutive times, it is judged that there is a component that needs maintenance; if y>3 for three or more consecutive times, it is judged that there is a safety risk in the component.

[0012] According to another aspect of the present application, a vehicle fault diagnosis system includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring vehicle sound data and vibration data; a validity judgment module for judging whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid; a fault feature calculation module for performing spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data when the sound data and the vibration data are valid, and extracting real-time fault feature values; and a fault assessment module for assessing the health of the vehicle based on the real-time fault feature values, factory calibration values, and healthy operation feature values.

[0013] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor is used to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method by running the computer program stored in the memory.

[0014] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method when running.

[0015] In an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle fault diagnosis method is provided, comprising: obtaining vehicle sound data and vibration data; determining whether the sound data and vibration data are valid; if the sound data and vibration data are valid, performing spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and vibration data to extract real-time fault characteristic values; and performing a vehicle health assessment based on the real-time fault characteristic values, factory calibration values, and healthy operation characteristic values. By utilizing sound and vibration signals and analyzing the sound and vibration signals, the vehicle's operating status is monitored in real time or periodically, and predictive repair and maintenance are performed for the vehicle, thereby achieving full lifecycle health management of the vehicle and improving the accuracy of fault analysis. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative labor.

[0018] Figure 1 It is a flow chart of a vehicle fault diagnosis method provided according to an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.

[0020] It should be noted that the terms "first", "second", etc. in the specification and claims of the present application and the above-mentioned drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a specific order or sequential order. It should be understood that the data used in this way can be interchangeable where appropriate, so that the embodiments of the present application described herein can be implemented in a sequence other than those illustrated or described herein. In addition, the terms "including" and "having" and any of their variations are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions, for example, a process, method, system, product or device comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units clearly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not clearly listed or inherent to these processes, methods, products or devices.

[0021] like Figure 1 As shown, according to one aspect of an embodiment of the present application, a vehicle fault diagnosis method is provided, comprising:

[0022] S1 obtains vehicle sound data and vibration data;

[0023] S2 determines whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid;

[0024] S3: If the sound data and the vibration data are valid, perform spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data to extract real-time fault characteristic values;

[0025] S4 performs a health assessment on the vehicle based on the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value, and the healthy operation characteristic value.

[0026] By utilizing sound and vibration signals and analyzing them, the vehicle's operating status can be monitored in real time or regularly, and predictive repair and maintenance can be carried out for the vehicle, thereby achieving health management of the vehicle throughout its life cycle and improving the accuracy of fault analysis.

[0027] Specifically, the sound and vibration data are subjected to spectrum analysis and order analysis to extract real-time fault characteristic values. This allows for fault diagnosis of the engine, drive motor, gearbox, and bridge. The primary diagnostic components include bearings, gears, and drive motor rotors. Therefore, extracting real-time fault characteristic values ​​can be divided into: total sound and vibration value calculations, bearing diagnosis calculations, gear diagnosis calculations, drive motor diagnosis calculations, and engine diagnosis calculations. The total sound and vibration value calculations primarily calculate the effective values ​​of sound and vibration in different frequency bands for trend analysis, enabling an overall assessment of the vehicle's operational health. Specifically, noise calculations include effective values ​​in the 20Hz-200Hz, 200Hz-5000Hz, and 5000Hz-20000Hz ranges; and vibration calculations include acceleration from 10Hz-5000Hz, velocity from 10Hz-1000Hz, peak-to-peak value, and kurtosis.

[0028] Bearing diagnostic calculations primarily calculate characteristic signals for bearings in engines, gearboxes, bridges, and drive motors. The main bearing faults include inner raceway faults, outer raceway faults, rolling element faults, and cage faults. Each fault corresponds to a different fault characteristic frequency / order. The actual analysis is based on the order analysis of the speed. Most bearings can provide this information based on the bearing fault manual or manufacturer. For those that cannot provide the fault frequency, the sound and vibration signals can be processed according to formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4) to calculate the amplitude of the corresponding frequency.

[0029] Cage failure characteristic frequency:

[0030]

[0031] Inner race fault characteristic frequency:

[0032]

[0033] Outer race fault characteristic frequency:

[0034]

[0035] Rolling element failure characteristic frequency

[0036]

[0037] Where: D is the bearing pitch diameter; d is the rolling element diameter; N is the number of rolling elements; α is the contact angle; R pmi is the inner ring speed (rpm), R pmo is the outer ring speed (rpm).

[0038] Gear diagnostic calculations mainly calculate the characteristic frequencies of gear faults in gearboxes and bridges. Common gear damage includes tooth surface fatigue, tooth surface scratches, tooth surface wear, and tooth fracture. After a tooth surface fault occurs, some regular peaks will appear in the time domain data. Through frequency / order analysis, the main characteristic frequencies of the faults are the meshing frequency / order and its harmonics. The meshing frequency calculation is shown in formula (5). According to formula (5), the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency and the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th harmonics are calculated. The 2nd harmonic is twice the fundamental frequency, and so on.

[0039] Gear fault characteristic frequency / order (fundamental frequency):

[0040]

[0041] Where: R m is the gear speed (rpm); Z m is the number of gear teeth.

[0042] The drive motor diagnostic calculation is mainly aimed at electric and hybrid prototype vehicles, and mainly monitors the health of the drive motor rotor. The main monitoring frequency is the rotor rotation frequency and its 2P and 6P. The specific calculation is shown in formula (6), formula (7), and formula (8), and the amplitude of the corresponding frequency is calculated according to the above formula.

[0043] Drive motor speed:

[0044]

[0045] 2P frequency of the drive motor:

[0046] f 2P =2×P×f motor (7)

[0047] 6P frequency of the drive motor:

[0048] f 2P =6×P×f motor (8)

[0049] Where: R motor is the speed of the driving motor (rpm); P is the number of pole pairs of the driving motor.

[0050] The engine diagnosis calculation is mainly aimed at fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles, and mainly monitors the health of the engine. The main monitoring frequencies are the engine rotation frequency, engine ignition frequency and its second harmonic. The specific calculation is shown in formula (9) and formula (10). The second harmonic of the engine ignition frequency is twice the ignition frequency, and the amplitude of its corresponding frequency is calculated according to the above formula.

[0051] Engine speed:

[0052]

[0053] Engine ignition frequency:

[0054]

[0055] Where: R eng is the engine speed (rpm); N is the number of engine cylinders.

[0056] As an optional implementation, the determining whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid includes: determining whether the current vehicle operating condition is in a preset operating condition; if the current vehicle operating condition is in a preset operating condition, determining that the sound data and the vibration data are valid.

[0057] As an optional implementation, the preset operating conditions include: being in a constant speed driving state, the audio is turned off, the windows are closed, and the air conditioner is turned off.

[0058] As an optional implementation, the vehicle includes an intelligent cockpit system, and the intelligent cockpit system includes a microphone; and obtaining the vehicle sound data and vibration data includes: controlling the microphone to obtain the vehicle sound data.

[0059] The microphone of the smart cockpit is used to collect the sound signals of healthy vehicle operation and the vibration signals of key components, and the computing power of the smart cockpit is used to analyze the sound and vibration signals, monitor the vehicle's operating status in real time or regularly, and carry out predictive repair and maintenance for the vehicle, thereby realizing vehicle health management throughout its life cycle and further improving the accuracy and intelligence of vehicle fault diagnosis and analysis.

[0060] As an optional implementation, the vehicle health assessment based on the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the healthy operation characteristic value includes: setting the health to y, Among them, X i is the real-time fault characteristic value; X 标定 is the factory calibration value, X 历史均值 is the healthy operation characteristic value.

[0061] As an optional implementation, if y≤1.5, it is determined that the vehicle is operating normally; if y>1.5, it is determined that there is a fault in the vehicle operation.

[0062] As an optional implementation, if y≤1.5, the vehicle is judged to be operating normally; if 1.5<y≤3 for three or more consecutive times, it is judged that there is a component that needs maintenance; if y>3 for three or more consecutive times, it is judged that there is a safety risk in the component.

[0063] According to another aspect of the present application, a vehicle fault diagnosis system includes: a data acquisition module for acquiring vehicle sound data and vibration data; a validity judgment module for judging whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid; a fault feature calculation module for performing spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data when the sound data and the vibration data are valid, and extracting real-time fault feature values; and a fault assessment module for assessing the health of the vehicle based on the real-time fault feature values, factory calibration values, and healthy operation feature values.

[0064] By utilizing sound and vibration signals and analyzing them, the vehicle's operating status can be monitored in real time or regularly, and predictive repair and maintenance can be carried out for the vehicle, thereby achieving health management of the vehicle throughout its life cycle and improving the accuracy of fault analysis.

[0065] Specifically, the sound and vibration data are subjected to spectrum analysis and order analysis to extract real-time fault characteristic values. This allows for fault diagnosis of the engine, drive motor, gearbox, and bridge. The primary diagnostic components include bearings, gears, and drive motor rotors. Therefore, extracting real-time fault characteristic values ​​can be divided into: total sound and vibration value calculations, bearing diagnosis calculations, gear diagnosis calculations, drive motor diagnosis calculations, and engine diagnosis calculations. The total sound and vibration value calculations primarily calculate the effective values ​​of sound and vibration in different frequency bands for trend analysis, enabling an overall assessment of the vehicle's operational health. Specifically, noise calculations include effective values ​​in the 20Hz-200Hz, 200Hz-5000Hz, and 5000Hz-20000Hz ranges; and vibration calculations include acceleration from 10Hz-5000Hz, velocity from 10Hz-1000Hz, peak-to-peak value, and kurtosis.

[0066] Bearing diagnostic calculations primarily calculate characteristic signals for bearings in engines, gearboxes, bridges, and drive motors. The main bearing faults include inner raceway faults, outer raceway faults, rolling element faults, and cage faults. Each fault corresponds to a different fault characteristic frequency / order. The actual analysis is based on the order analysis of the speed. Most bearings can provide this information based on the bearing fault manual or manufacturer. For those that cannot provide the fault frequency, the sound and vibration signals can be processed according to formulas (1), (2), (3), and (4) to calculate the amplitude of the corresponding frequency.

[0067] Cage failure characteristic frequency:

[0068]

[0069] Inner race fault characteristic frequency:

[0070]

[0071] Outer race fault characteristic frequency:

[0072]

[0073] Rolling element failure characteristic frequency

[0074]

[0075] Where: D is the bearing pitch diameter; d is the rolling element diameter; N is the number of rolling elements; α is the contact angle; R pmi is the inner ring speed (rpm), R pmo is the outer ring speed (rpm).

[0076] Gear diagnostic calculations mainly calculate the characteristic frequencies of gear faults in gearboxes and bridges. Common gear damage includes tooth surface fatigue, tooth surface scratches, tooth surface wear, and tooth fracture. After a tooth surface fault occurs, some regular peaks will appear in the time domain data. Through frequency / order analysis, the main characteristic frequencies of the faults are the meshing frequency / order and its harmonics. The meshing frequency calculation is shown in formula (5). According to formula (5), the amplitudes of the fundamental frequency and the 2nd, 3rd, and 4th harmonics are calculated. The 2nd harmonic is twice the fundamental frequency, and so on.

[0077] Gear fault characteristic frequency / order (fundamental frequency):

[0078]

[0079] Where: R m is the gear speed (rpm); Z m is the number of gear teeth.

[0080] The drive motor diagnostic calculation is mainly aimed at electric and hybrid prototype vehicles, and mainly monitors the health of the drive motor rotor. The main monitoring frequency is the rotor rotation frequency and its 2P and 6P. The specific calculation is shown in formula (6), formula (7), and formula (8), and the amplitude of the corresponding frequency is calculated according to the above formula.

[0081] Drive motor speed:

[0082]

[0083] 2P frequency of the drive motor:

[0084] f 2P =2×P×f motor (7)

[0085] 6P frequency of the drive motor:

[0086] f 2P =6×P×f motor (8)

[0087] Where: R motor is the speed of the driving motor (rpm); P is the number of pole pairs of the driving motor.

[0088] The engine diagnosis calculation is mainly aimed at fuel vehicles and hybrid vehicles, and mainly monitors the health of the engine. The main monitoring frequencies are the engine rotation frequency, engine ignition frequency and its second harmonic. The specific calculation is shown in formula (9) and formula (10). The second harmonic of the engine ignition frequency is twice the ignition frequency, and the amplitude of its corresponding frequency is calculated according to the above formula.

[0089] Engine speed:

[0090]

[0091] Engine ignition frequency:

[0092]

[0093] Where: R eng is the engine speed (rpm); N is the number of engine cylinders.

[0094] In addition, a display module may also be included

[0095] The display module can be integrated into the vehicle's central control display to display the vehicle's health status in real time; based on the vehicle's health status, the corresponding vehicle repair and maintenance strategies are displayed to remind the driver to perform necessary repairs and maintenance on the vehicle.

[0096] According to another aspect of the present application, an electronic device is provided, comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein the processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, the memory is used to store a computer program; and the processor is used to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method by running the computer program stored in the memory.

[0097] According to another aspect of the present application, a computer-readable storage medium is provided, in which a computer program is stored, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method when running.

[0098] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the device for implementing the above-mentioned vehicle fault diagnosis method may be a terminal device, such as a smartphone (such as an Android phone, an iOS phone, etc.), a tablet computer, a PDA, a mobile internet device (MID), a PAD, or the like. This application does not limit the structure of the above-mentioned electronic device.

[0099] A person skilled in the art can understand that all or part of the steps in the various methods of the above embodiments can be completed by instructing the hardware related to the terminal device through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium, which can include: a flash drive, ROM, RAM, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0100] The serial numbers of the above embodiments of the present application are for description only and do not represent the advantages or disadvantages of the embodiments.

[0101] If the integrated units in the above embodiments are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in the above-mentioned computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or all or part of the technical solution can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling one or more electronic devices (which may be personal computers, servers, or network devices, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the methods described in each embodiment of the present application.

[0102] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0103] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed client can be implemented in other ways. Among them, the device embodiments described above are merely illustrative. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. In addition, the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of units or modules, and can be electrical or other forms.

[0104] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected based on actual needs to achieve the purpose of the solution provided in this embodiment.

[0105] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present application may be integrated into a single processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single unit. The aforementioned integrated units may be implemented in the form of hardware or software functional units.

[0106] In the above embodiments of the present application, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described in detail in a certain embodiment, please refer to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0107] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be pointed out that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be regarded as the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A vehicle fault diagnosis method, characterized in that: include: Acquire vehicle sound data and vibration data; determining whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid; If the sound data and the vibration data are valid, performing spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data to extract real-time fault characteristic values; The health of the vehicle is evaluated based on the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the healthy operation characteristic value.

2. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein: The determining whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid includes: Determine whether the current vehicle operating condition is within the preset operating condition; If the current vehicle operating condition is in a preset operating condition, it is determined that the sound data and the vibration data are valid.

3. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 2, wherein: The preset operating conditions include: the vehicle is in a constant speed driving state, the audio system is turned off, the windows are closed, and the air conditioner is turned off.

4. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein: The vehicle includes an intelligent cockpit system, and the intelligent cockpit system includes a microphone; the acquiring of vehicle sound data and vibration data includes: Control the microphone to obtain vehicle sound data.

5. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 1, wherein: The vehicle health evaluation according to the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the healthy operation characteristic value includes: setting the health degree to y, Among them, X i is the real-time fault characteristic value; X 标定 is the factory calibration value, X 历史均值 is the healthy operation characteristic value.

6. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: If y≤1.5, the vehicle is judged to be operating normally; if y>1.5, the vehicle is judged to have a fault.

7. The vehicle fault diagnosis method according to claim 5, characterized in that: If y≤1.5, the vehicle is judged to be operating normally; If 1.5<y≤3 for three or more consecutive times, it is determined that there is a component that needs maintenance; If y>3 for three or more consecutive times, it is determined that there is a safety risk in the component.

8. A vehicle fault diagnosis system, characterized in that: include: A data acquisition module, used to obtain vehicle sound data and vibration data; A validity judgment module, used to judge whether the sound data and the vibration data are valid; a fault feature calculation module, configured to perform spectrum analysis and order analysis on the sound data and the vibration data when the sound data and the vibration data are valid, and extract a real-time fault feature value; The fault assessment module is used to assess the health of the vehicle based on the real-time fault characteristic value, the factory calibration value and the healthy operation characteristic value.

9. An electronic device comprising a processor, a communication interface, a memory and a communication bus, wherein: The processor, the communication interface and the memory communicate with each other via the communication bus, wherein: The memory is used to store computer programs; The processor is configured to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 by running the computer program stored in the memory.

10. A computer-readable storage medium, characterized in that: The storage medium stores a computer program, wherein the computer program is configured to execute the steps of the vehicle fault diagnosis method according to any one of claims 1 to 7 when running.

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