94 results about "Torrential rain" patented technology

This invention discloses a geological disaster rainfall monitoring and early warning device, belonging to the field of geological disaster monitoring technology. It includes a liquid level sensor, a water pump, a motor, and a base plate. The base plate is slidably fitted onto the lower end of a square rod, and multiple first anchor rods are inserted and installed on the base plate. A cylinder is fixed to the top of the square rod, and an upper rod body is fixed to the upper end of the cylinder. A rotating wheel and a bevel gear ring are rotatably mounted on the cylinder, and the bevel gear ring is fixedly installed to the bottom surface of the rotating wheel. Two lead screws are symmetrically rotatably mounted on the side of the square rod near the top. The top ends of the lead screws mesh with the bevel gear ring for transmission. This invention enables convenient rainfall monitoring and allows for adjustment of its installation height as needed. After installation, it can better cope with severe weather such as strong winds and heavy rains, ensuring that the device can safely and stably monitor rainfall. Furthermore, it allows for convenient cleaning of photovoltaic panels, ensuring their high power generation efficiency.

This invention relates to an airport rainfall and flood early warning method, electronic device, and medium based on a large language model, for use in sponge airports. The early warning method includes: based on a rainstorm and flood management model, using a large language model for data augmentation to generate a multi-factor flood early warning dataset containing regionally specific factor data and airport-specific factor data; based on a retrieval-enhanced generation mechanism, vectorizing and calculating feature bias on the current input data, retrieving the most relevant historical case context information from the multi-factor flood early warning dataset; adaptively fusing the multi-factor features and the most relevant historical case context information, extracting key information through multi-head self-attention and attention pooling, and outputting the flood risk level and early warning result. This invention can significantly improve the accuracy, real-time performance, and interpretability of flood risk assessment, providing more reliable, traceable, and intelligent flood early warning and decision support for sponge airports.

This invention provides a peak-scale response analysis method based on nested sub-basin division. By constructing a nested sub-basin structure controlled by area thresholds, and based on a unified design storm conditions and hydrological model parameter system, the method calculates peak discharge under different scale conditions by only changing the sub-basin division scale. It also establishes a logarithmic decay function model between peak discharge and the number of sub-basin units, achieving a quantitative expression of peak-scale response. Furthermore, by comparing and analyzing the scale decay coefficients under different design frequencies, the method quantifies the sensitivity of peak discharge to changes in the division scale. This method forms a complete technical process from data acquisition, structure construction, control variable setting, model running to function modeling and sensitivity analysis. It features a clear logical closed loop, strong repeatability, and good generalization, and does not depend on specific hydrological model software or specific watershed conditions. Under the premise of meeting the unified storm input and nested division principles, it can be widely applied.

The application discloses a kind of disaster-causing rainstorm space-time characteristic quantitative description method, comprising: obtaining the time series rainfall grid data and basic geographic environment data of target area;Based on time series rainfall data, space-time clustering analysis is carried out, and the storm object and its physical properties are extracted every time;Establish the correlation of adjacent time storm object, construct storm evolution track, and calculate space-time evolution characteristics;Based on storm object and storm evolution track, combined with basic geographic environment data, calculate storm-environment coupling disaster-causing characteristics;Output disaster-causing rainstorm space-time characteristic vector containing physical properties, space-time evolution characteristics and storm-environment coupling disaster-causing characteristics.The application realizes the leap from static statistical description to dynamic disaster-causing mechanism coupling by constructing space-time evolution vector field and storm-river topological parameters, effectively improves the accuracy of disaster warning.

This invention relates to a method for early warning of the resilience margin of mountain roads during rainstorms and floods based on multiple failure mechanisms. The method includes: acquiring multi-source monitoring data in real time; preprocessing the data to obtain an extended state vector at the current moment; establishing resilience critical boundaries for different failure mechanisms based on pre-generated labels, forming a multi-failure mechanism resilience critical boundary model library; mapping the extended state vector to the multi-failure mechanism resilience critical boundary model library, calculating the resilience margin of each mechanism component, and obtaining the comprehensive resilience margin and the current candidate dominant failure mechanism based on the resilience margins of each mechanism component; determining the current warning level and the final dominant failure mechanism based on the resilience margins of the mechanism components and the comprehensive resilience margin, combined with set warning conditions; and outputting warning information and linkage control commands corresponding to the current warning level and the final dominant failure mechanism. Compared with existing technologies, this invention has advantages such as strong interpretability, high lead time, good stability, and strong linkage targeting.

The present application relates to the technical field of precipitation forecast, solves the problem that the prior art is prone to underestimate the peak value of precipitation or produce false alarm under strong convective weather, and particularly relates to a short-impending precipitation forecast method fusing GNSS and water conservancy rain measurement radar, GNSS observation data and water conservancy rain measurement radar base data in a monitoring area are acquired, pretreated, corresponding atmospheric precipitable water distribution field and radar reflectivity factor distribution field are generated, based on a preset time sliding window, time sequence characteristics of the atmospheric precipitable water distribution field and the radar reflectivity factor distribution field are extracted, and the two are superimposed in channel dimension to construct a multi-channel spatio-temporal fusion input tensor. The present application overcomes the defect that the traditional extrapolation method rapidly decays with the prolongation of the forecast time, significantly improves the prediction accuracy of the rainstorm center intensity and the falling area, reduces the missed report and underestimation of the precipitation event, and solves the problem of low prediction accuracy of the traditional linear extrapolation algorithm under strong convective weather.

An urban-flooding-oriented optimization method for real-time control rules for a river network. The method comprises: S1, collecting data of a river network; S2, constructing an urban hydrological-hydrodynamic coupling model; S3, on the basis of a rainstorm intensity formula, simulating and calculating flooding processes in different design rainstorm scenarios, and comprehensively identifying drainage outlets within a study area that are susceptible to backwater effects from water levels in the river network; S4, using a clustering algorithm to perform spatial clustering on the backwater-affected drainage outlets, so as to define regulation and control zones, further performing feature clustering on the backwater-affected drainage outlets on the basis of spatial clustering, and outputting a cluster center with the greatest influence and using same as a river network regulation and control point; S5, using the river network regulation and control point as a regulation and control reference object, and formulating optimized gate and pump control rules on the basis of warning water level data and ecological water level data of river channels; and S6, inputting the optimized gate and pump control rules into the urban hydrological-hydrodynamic coupling model, using a rainstorm event to evaluate the performance of the method, and quantitatively analyzing the response of flooding to the gate and pump control rules. The method enables the regulation and control of water levels in a river network during a rainstorm, thereby mitigating the risk of flooding.

This utility model relates to the field of drainage facility technology and is a drainage interception ditch for underground structures. It includes a drainage ditch frame with multiple baffles movably inserted inside. A pair of drainage channels are formed on the top of each baffle, and an adjustment channel is formed on the inner wall of the drainage channel. A pair of adjustment plates are movably inserted inside the adjustment channel. In use, the distance between the pair of adjustment plates can be adjusted by adjusting the depth of the adjustment plates into the drainage channel, thereby adjusting the size of the water inlet space for rainwater to enter the drainage channel. This allows personnel to adjust the size of the drainage mechanism according to the drainage volume, ensuring that no garbage or other debris enters the ditch during sunny days. Furthermore, it prevents rainwater accumulation and backflow flooding in low-lying areas during heavy rain due to the drainage mechanism being too small and the drainage speed lagging behind the rainfall intensity. During drainage, a clearing plate can be used to clear any foreign objects accumulated in the drainage channel, ensuring that external rainwater smoothly enters the drainage ditch frame.

The present application relates to the field of hydropower facilities, in particular to a cooling tower circulating water recycling, energy saving and consumption reducing and environment-friendly cooling tower hydropower device. At present, the cooling tower is like a natural reservoir, and the circulating water of the cooling tower is wasted day after day in circulation. It is not acceptable, energy is wasted, and energy consumption is high, which increases the operating cost of enterprises. The technical scheme of the present application is to transform the existing cooling tower structure, install guide plates at the appropriate position of the water and air exchange layer like the rainstorm layer under extreme weather, so that the water droplets are concentrated and gathered to form water flow. The water flow impacts the water turbine to rotate, and the water turbine drives the generator to generate electricity. Secondly, install guide plates in the water collecting pool to make the water flow concentrate and gather to form water flow like a flood in a rainy day. The water flow moves violently in the water collecting pool to increase the contact time with air to cool down, and can also impact the water turbine to rotate, and the water turbine drives the generator to generate electricity.

The application discloses a kind of perfect preset area history flood disaster database method and system, belong to flood disaster information science and big data technology field;Including the following steps: obtaining preset area history hourly precipitation grid data, generates hourly grade grid map according to rainstorm threshold classification, connects the rainstorm area of corresponding moment of adjacent same grade grid;Combined with the process of spatial and temporal splitting and merging, complete rainstorm process is aggregated;Matching the corresponding city of preset area rainstorm flood related social media data, associate rainstorm process with city, extract corresponding moment data to generate pseudo document to determine city flood event;Linkage disaster city, build cross-city transmission chain;Based on flood propagation chain, flood event number caused by rainstorm, the number of affected cities, the start and end time of each city flood and cross-city chain are written into history flood disaster event database;The application can accurately identify and track flood events in space and time.

The objective of the proposed invention is to make it possible to mount the multifunctional mobile module onto the roof of any vehicle to turn it into an autonomous vehicle by providing all the functions of an autopilot system within a single module, ensuring the operability of the module within a wide range of ambient temperatures (−40° C. to +50° C.), as well as within a wide range of weather conditions (rain, downpour, snow) by means of a thermal management system (TMS) and sensor cleaning systems that are integrated into the body of the module.The multifunctional mobile module for automatic vehicle control comprises an underframe made of a metal profile and equipped with metal brackets that hold screw-connected sensors (cameras, a lidar, an inertial navigation system, a Global Navigation Satellite System (GNSS) receiver), equipment (calculators, fans, heaters, network switches, a peripherals controller, GSM (Global System for Mobile Communications) antennas, sensor cleaning system components), and an outer plating that is also mounted onto the underframe.

This invention discloses a rainstorm tracking and analysis method based on multi-source rainfall monitoring data collaboration. It constructs a dual-source input channel for rainfall in the cloud from a rain-measuring radar and for rainfall measured at ground rain gauges, collecting radar reflectivity, its inverted rainfall, and ground-measured rainfall data, and extracting key parameters. A time window of 1-2 hours is set to trace back from the current point, with the first appearance of the rainstorm center as the tracking starting point. The 1-hour window is iteratively updated to track the evolution of the rainstorm center's location, coverage area, and other dimensions. An adaptive weighted intelligent algorithm is used to predict the movement direction of the rainstorm center based on historical data. Three types of cloud physical characteristics—resident, mobile, and train-like multi-center mobile—are integrated to construct a complete analysis model and output results. This invention achieves full-link rainfall monitoring, improves the comprehensiveness of rainstorm tracking and prediction accuracy, and solves the problems of blind spots in monitoring from single data sources, poor collaboration among multi-source data, and insufficient accuracy in rainstorm tracking and prediction in existing technologies.

This invention discloses a method and system for simulating stormwater runoff infiltration and storage in rain gardens for sponge cities. First, using a centimeter-resolution three-dimensional topographic model of the target catchment area, the layered structure and geotechnical parameters of LID (Light Infiltration Device) facilities, and minute-by-minute rainfall intensity-duration curves of the design storm as input, an improved Green-Ampt infiltration model considering the layered media and surface water storage driving effects is constructed. This model is integrated with a two-dimensional shallow water equation surface runoff model driven by centimeter-resolution micro-topography through a two-way temporal coupling mechanism, achieving minute-by-minute dynamic simulation of the entire design storm process. This fully reproduces the entire hydrological process of surface runoff collection, LID facility infiltration and storage, and overflow. This invention significantly improves the accuracy and reliability of stormwater process simulation, and can simultaneously output spatiotemporal dynamic visualization results of runoff, quantitative hydrological indicators, and compliance assessment results of sponge city design specifications, providing reliable technical support for the refined design and effect verification of LID facilities.

This invention belongs to the technical field of hydrometeorological extreme value theory, and provides an unbiased estimation method for rainfall probability distribution based on least squares fitting. Existing parameter estimation methods are numerous, each with its own specific applicable scope and advantages and disadvantages. The choice of method significantly affects the accuracy of generalized extreme value distribution parameter estimation. This invention comprehensively considers the advantages of five parameter estimation methods: Bayesian, GMLE, L-moments, MLE, and MPS. Based on least squares fitting, it determines the optimal weight coefficients of a single method, establishing an unbiased and efficient ensemble parameter estimation framework. By integrating multiple parameter estimation methods, the bias and variance of individual methods can be reduced, improving the robustness and reliability of parameter estimation, and providing a reference for accurately determining the rainfall frequency curve and design rainfall.

The application discloses a method for identifying uneven settlement of roadbed under water-force coupling in multiple rounds of rainstorm conditions. First, a water-force coupling analysis model of the roadbed is constructed, and the water-force coupling analysis model of the roadbed is used to simulate a rainstorm action process; then, a relative growth rate of water-force coupling evolution indexes between adjacent rounds of rainstorm, a representative growth rate of the water-force coupling evolution indexes and a maximum relative growth rate of water-force coupling evolution indexes of the latest single round of rainstorm are calculated; uneven settlement identification of the roadbed is performed to obtain a settlement type; finally, according to the settlement type, the relative growth rate of the water-force coupling evolution indexes between adjacent rounds of rainstorm, the representative growth rate of the water-force coupling evolution indexes and the maximum relative growth rate of the water-force coupling evolution indexes of the latest single round of rainstorm, a risk level is judged. The method considers multiple rounds of rainstorm action, road surface permeability evolution, water-force coupling response of the roadbed and different settlement distribution patterns, and improves identification accuracy.

The application discloses a flood risk area personnel emergency transfer planning method and device, and belongs to the technical field of emergency transfer path planning, which comprises the following steps: constructing a road network map of a target area based on three-dimensional geographic data, and obtaining the relative elevation index of the roadbed of each path in the road network map; determining a sensitive path set based on the road network map and historical disaster data, wherein the sensitive path set comprises a river-crossing bridge and a wading path; performing hydrological simulation on the target area by using a hydrological model; calculating the passing cost of each path in the road network map by using a cost function; and determining the optimal transfer path of a first user to be transferred at time t according to the passing cost of each path in the road network map; wherein if a path in the sensitive path set is flooded at time t, the passing cost of the flooded sensitive path at time t is set to infinity. The method makes the planned personnel transfer route executable under extreme rainstorm working conditions.

The present invention relates to a method installed in an underpass that can form an evacuation route during heavy rain through a natural floating method based on buoyancy. The technical features of the floating evacuation route in an underpass according to the present invention include a plurality of floating devices installed on one side of the underpass, wherein the floating devices are positioned at the lowest side and are formed with an empty interior so that rainwater flowing in from the outside can fill the interior; and at least one rising block formed with an empty interior so that it can fill the interior with rainwater, which is drawn out in the upward direction of the fixed block by buoyancy and rise to a certain height when the interior of the fixed block is filled with rainwater while being inserted into the fixed block.

The application discloses a kind of cultivated soil sheet erosion degree evaluation method, it is related to soil erosion measurement technical field.The surface soil represents the soil after rainstorm erosion, the lower layer soil represents the soil before rainstorm erosion;Collect the soil sample of surface soil and lower layer soil;The gravel that cannot pass through sieve and the soil that can pass through sieve are weighed respectively;According to the average value P1 of gravel mass ratio in surface soil sample and the average value P2 of gravel mass ratio in lower layer soil sample, calculate the surface soil loss ratio P Δ With soil loss rate SE, according to soil loss rate SE evaluation soil sheet erosion degree.The application is based on the characteristics that the particle composition of cultivated soil is similar, and the gravel in gravel-containing soil is difficult to be eroded and transported by runoff, and the soil sheet erosion degree is evaluated by calculating the soil loss rate SE, so that the widely occurring sheet erosion can be quantified, and the regional soil and water loss evaluation is more accurate.

The application discloses an anti-internal waterlogging drainage device and relates to the technical field of drainage devices, which comprises a filter cover plate, a floor drain main body and a floor drain core. The floor drain core comprises a movable valve body and a valve seat. An adjusting mechanism is arranged in the movable valve body. The adjusting mechanism comprises an adjuster, a first detection pipe and a second detection pipe. An adjusting block is slidably arranged in the adjuster. A central hole and a plurality of air vents are formed in the adjusting block. The adjuster is provided with an upper communication pipe and a lower communication pipe corresponding to the central hole. The upper communication pipe is connected with the space above the movable valve body. The lower communication pipe is connected with the space below the movable valve body. The adjusting block is connected with corrugated pipes on the two sides. The two corrugated pipes are extended and contracted under the action of pressure difference, so that the air vents, the upper communication pipe and the lower communication pipe form air guide channels. The application can quickly balance the upstream and downstream pressures of the drainage channel, guarantee the smoothness of large-flow drainage, and avoid the internal waterlogging problem caused by the interruption or poor drainage due to heavy rain and pipeline pressure fluctuation.

This invention discloses a slope ecological restoration substrate based on multi-level synergistic solidification and a layered spraying method, belonging to the field of geotechnical engineering and ecological restoration technology. This invention proposes a three-layer synergistic substrate system and dynamic construction process. In the substrate, the bottom layer uses modified volcanic ash and nano-silica sol as cementing materials to enhance rock surface penetration and adhesion; the middle layer uses chitosan slow-release particles and a gradient moisture content design to achieve phased nutrient release and interlayer stress buffering; the surface layer combines a 3D honeycomb biochar carrier and a biodegradable PLA grid, simultaneously loading grass seeds and mycorrhizal fungi to form a "physical-biological" composite anchoring structure. The construction method of this invention includes high-frequency micro-vibration infiltration, layered gradient spraying, and photosensitive non-woven fabric covering technology to ensure the substrate's resistance to rain erosion and rapid vegetation cover. This invention combines mechanical stability and ecological compatibility, is suitable for the restoration of steep rock slopes, and significantly reduces maintenance costs and environmental pollution risks.

The utility model relates to door frame technical field, and disclose a door frame structure of high outside and low inside, this door frame structure of high outside and low inside, including door frame, the door frame inner wall is fixedly connected with the mounting piece, the door frame outer surface is provided with protection subassembly, in order to avoid the rainwater penetration along the gap between door body and door frame when stormy weather, when the rainwater accumulation is in the doorway, the section bar is obliquely arranged in the recess inner wall, and the section bar outside is arranged in the ladder shape, this prevents the rainwater from entering the gap between door body and door frame into the house, and when the door body closes, will make the door body both sides and sealing piece outer surface contact, like this lets the movable piece outer surface and door body side contact, and lets the sealing between door body and door frame better, thereby effectively prevents the rainwater from entering the house, when the door body closes, makes the placing block extrude damping spring, and lets the damping spring buffer the impact force of door body closing.

The application provides a flood calculation method and device for urban areas, and belongs to the technical field of urban drainage and flood control and disaster mitigation. The flood calculation method for urban areas comprises obtaining drainage data and divided grid data of the urban area; determining a corresponding runoff into-pipe peak value of each urban block based on a ground comprehensive runoff coefficient, a design rainstorm intensity and an urban block area of each urban block; determining a corresponding water storage parameter of each drainage subarea; and determining an into-pipe flow of each grid based on the corresponding water storage parameter of each drainage subarea, the corresponding runoff into-pipe peak value of each urban block, a runoff and confluence parameter of each urban block and rainfall data. By combining the discrete two-dimensional grid runoff with the generalized water storage unit of the drainage subarea, a numerical processing flow with physical constraints is constructed, and efficient and objective quantitative evaluation of the flood process of the area lacking data is realized.

The application is suitable for the technical field of new energy safety evaluation, and provides a dynamic evaluation method for operation risk of distribution network photovoltaic facilities under rainstorm conditions. In the embodiment, for the photovoltaic facilities to be evaluated, the multi-dimensional evaluation indexes including meteorological dimension, equipment dimension and operation dimension and the weight values of the indexes are determined; then the real-time risk evaluation data corresponding to the risk evaluation indexes are input into a risk grade comprehensive evaluation model to obtain a comprehensive evaluation vector of the photovoltaic facilities, and finally the final estimated risk grade and the corresponding processing method are determined through the comprehensive evaluation vector. In the embodiment, the three-dimensional data of meteorology-equipment-operation are processed, so that the evaluation result output by the risk grade comprehensive evaluation model of the application has high accuracy and comprehensiveness, thereby the fault early warning probability can be improved and the accidents can be reduced.

The application discloses a design storm comprehensive calculation method for small and medium-sized basins based on hydrological variable geoscience attributes, and comprises the following steps: obtaining a multi-source data set of a target basin containing rainfall data and basin attribute information, and obtaining a basin basic attribute vector and a storm structure characteristic index; obtaining a basin basic condition similarity between the target basin and each candidate basin according to the basin basic attribute vector; meanwhile, obtaining a storm event similarity between the target basin and the candidate basins according to the storm structure characteristic index; coupling the two similarities to form a double-layer similarity index to screen out an optimal reference basin; and based on the optimal reference basin, the design storm result of the target basin is obtained through regional difference correction. Through the construction of the basin and precipitation double similarity evaluation system, the scientific screening of the reference basin and the reasonable migration of the extreme storm event are realized, and the scientificity and reliability of the design storm calculation of the small and medium-sized basins in the data-deficient area are improved.

The present application relates to the technical field of river regulation, and discloses a storm post-river recovery scheduling method based on digital twin reverse multi-objective optimization, wherein in the present application, river water quality indexes are classified into three categories, namely, fast oxygen consumption related indexes, slow oxygen consumption related indexes, and suspended matter related indexes, and a representative index is selected from each category of indexes, so that the output of the model is reduced to all output parameters without coupling, forming uncoupled river water quality indexes as the output of the model; then, based on the decoupled output, a time series neural network model is trained using a model training method that can decouple the input, to obtain reliable prediction of the response of the river water quality index that most needs human intervention to rainfall and recovery means, which is used as a design function for reverse optimization. A constrained Pareto frontier is used as a target function to generate a set of Pareto optimal scheduling parameters and develop a scheduling scheme; thereby realizing efficient scheduling in the post-storm river recovery process.

This invention provides an intelligent prediction method for cascading disasters caused by torrential rains in small watersheds, comprising the following steps: constructing a standardized data matrix containing static geological features and dynamic hydrological features; dividing the small watershed into graph nodes, calculating edge weights between nodes based on differences in hydrological states and rules governing the potential impact of geological hazards, and constructing an initial adjacency matrix; dynamically adjusting edge weights or connectivity states between corresponding nodes based on their landslide risk status, and updating and generating a dynamic adjacency matrix sequence that changes over time; inputting the updated dynamic graph data into a pre-set graph neural network model, updating node features and performing spatiotemporal evolution prediction under physical constraints; decoding the predicted node features, outputting time-series prediction results for landslide risk and waterlogging depth, and triggering tiered early warnings. This invention can improve the data processing speed and prediction accuracy of cascading disasters caused by torrential rains in small watersheds.

A kind of urban rainwater pipe network and river network hydrodynamic accelerated calculation method based on data-driven surrogate model, comprising: based on bidirectional long short-term memory (BiLSTM), graph attention network (GAT) and residual connection, data-driven surrogate model Deep-Drain is constructed, for simulating the simplified process of urban rainwater pipe network and river network water flow;Mechanism model is constructed to simulate one-dimensional hydrodynamic process under measured rainfall and different return period design rainfall, and process data set of rainwater pipe network and river network flow process is constructed, while training set, validation set and test set are divided;Optimal hyperparameter combination of Deep-Drain is found by using Bayesian optimization;The efficiency improvement effect of Deep-Drain is quantitatively analyzed by typhoon storm event;The present application realizes the effective improvement of the calculation efficiency of urban rainwater pipe network and river network flow simulation process.

This invention belongs to the field of emergency resource allocation technology, specifically relating to a method for allocating emergency resources in a power distribution network under extreme rainstorms. The method includes: collecting rainstorm event data; preprocessing the rainstorm event data to obtain a set of typical disaster scenarios and their corresponding probabilities; the set of typical disaster scenarios includes secondary disaster scenarios; inputting the set of typical disaster scenarios and their corresponding probabilities into a pre-constructed material demand model, which outputs a material reserve and cross-regional transportation plan; based on a pre-set emergency repair team capability profile model, outputting a plan for dividing emergency repair responsibility areas and allocating tasks; and obtaining an allocation plan based on the material reserve and cross-regional transportation plan, the responsibility area division, and the task allocation plan. This invention incorporates secondary disaster factors into typical disaster scenarios and clusters them, achieving rapid matching of material demands under typical equipment failures and typical disaster scenarios in the power distribution network by matching the probability of secondary disasters with equipment failure disaster scenarios.

This invention relates to a measuring device for building engineering management, specifically in the field of building engineering quality testing technology. It includes a base plate, an electrically driven lifting frame fixed to its upper surface, a support plate for adjusting the lifting frame's horizontal height, and a testing mechanism for conducting water spray tests on walls on the upper side of the support plate. This measuring device for building engineering management integrates three major testing modules on the support plate: a water spray component, a high-pressure component, and a simulation component. It can simulate three typical environmental conditions: high-intensity rainstorm erosion, localized high-pressure impact, and oblique natural rainfall, comprehensively covering various practical application scenarios for testing the waterproof performance of exterior walls. The water spray plate can be flipped to adjust the spray angle, the high-pressure nozzle can accurately position detailed nodes such as window frames, and the simulation nozzle achieves dynamic oscillation through the meshing of a toothed ring and a toothed plate, realistically reproducing the rainwater incident state under wind and rain conditions.

This invention relates to the field of watershed design flood technology, and more particularly to a method for estimating watershed design floods based on a conceptual hydrological model. The method includes the following steps: spatially dividing the watershed according to the underlying surface type and elevation distribution characteristics to form slope zones and channel zones, and determining the water transfer sequence between each zone to establish the zoned hydrological structure of the conceptual hydrological model; based on the zoned hydrological structure, extracting historical flood events and identifying the critical humidity conditions for the transition from water storage to runoff generation in each zone; mapping the critical humidity conditions to zoned runoff generation parameters and integrating them to form a baseline parameter structure; extracting the temporal structure characteristics of design storms in the watershed and calculating their structural similarity to historical flood events; this invention, through the estimation of watershed design floods, enables accurate calculation of the watershed design flood hydrograph and reliable extraction of the design flood peak value, thereby improving the accuracy of design flood simulation and the reliability of flood control projects.