The invention provides a planar antenna array. The planar antenna array comprises multiple open waveguide units and waveguide signal transmission channels; each signal transmission channel is equipped with a multi-stage one-to-two power distribution network, and adopts a reflective structure which consists of multiple slowly-changed stage structures and slowly-changed stages; the open waveguide units, waveguide openings, a first polarized selection cavity, a second polarized selection cavity, a first polarized connecting opening, and a second polarized connecting opening are combined with multiple stage structures and interference convex structures, so as to effectively realize impedance conversion and impedance matching and expand frequency band bandwidth; in addition, the requirement on the manufacturing precision is relatively low, and the manufacturing cost is even lower; in addition, the invention provides a polar antenna with a polarization regulation function on the basis; the polar antenna comprises the polar antenna array with the above-mentioned structure, and a polarization regulation apparatus; the polarization regulation apparatus comprises a polarization synthesizer and a polarization receiving-transmitting device, wherein the common ports of the polarization synthesizer and the polarization-taking device are directly connected; and the polarization-taking device rotates along an axial line, and realizes dual-polarization receiving-transmitting and sharing through a minute quantity of microwave reactive devices.