Method and device for suppressing interlayer multiples, processor and storage medium

Abstract

The embodiment of the invention provides a method and device for suppressing interlayer multiples, a processor and a storage medium, and belongs to the field of geophysical exploration. The method for suppressing the interlayer multiples comprises the following steps: acquiring seismic data of a missing channel; performing focusing transformation processing on the seismic data of the missing channel to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data of the missing channel; performing cutting processing on a noise region of the focusing domain model to obtain a de-noised focusing domain model; according to the seismic data of the missing channel, performing focusing inverse transformation processing on the de-noised focusing domain model to obtain reconstructed seismic data; and based on a Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method, performing primary interlayer multiple suppression on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain the seismic data after primary interlayer multiple suppression. According to the embodiment of the invention, the interlayer multiple suppression effect of the seismic data of the missing channel can be improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of geophysical exploration, and in particular to a method, device, processor and storage medium for interlayer multiple wave suppression. Background Art

[0002] In existing technologies, interlayer multiple suppression methods based on the Marchenko one-step method typically use complete seismic data (i.e., data with no missing traces) as input. However, actual seismic data often contains missing traces, which can affect the effectiveness of this method in suppressing interlayer multiples. Consequently, existing technologies suffer from poor interlayer multiple suppression when using seismic data with missing traces. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the embodiments of the present invention is to provide a method, device, processor and storage medium for interlayer multiple wave suppression to solve the problem of poor interlayer multiple wave suppression effect when using missing seismic data for interlayer multiple wave suppression in the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above objectives, a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, comprising:

[0005] Obtain missing seismic data;

[0006] Performing focusing transformation processing on the missing track seismic data to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the missing track seismic data;

[0007] The noise area of ​​the focus domain model is cut off to obtain a denoised focus domain model;

[0008] According to the missing seismic data, the denoised focus domain model is subjected to focus inverse transformation to obtain the reconstructed seismic data;

[0009] Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data are subjected to one-time interlayer multiple suppression to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple suppression.

[0010] In an embodiment of the present invention, focusing transformation processing is performed on the missing track seismic data to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the missing track seismic data, including: determining a focusing operator according to the missing track seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determining the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; and determining the focusing domain model according to the missing track seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on a preset focusing transformation algorithm.

[0011] In an embodiment of the present invention, performing a cutting process on the noise region of the focus region model to obtain a denoised focus region model includes: determining the denoised focus region model according to a preset cutting matrix and the focus region model.

[0012] In an embodiment of the present invention, a focusing inverse transform is performed on the denoised focusing domain model based on the missing seismic data to obtain reconstructed seismic data, including: determining a focusing operator based on the missing seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determining a transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; and determining the reconstructed seismic data based on the denoised focusing domain model, the focusing operator, and the transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on a preset inverse focusing transform algorithm.

[0013] In an embodiment of the present invention, based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data is subjected to a one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after the one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression, including: performing wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after the wavelet removal; based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the seismic data after the one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression is obtained according to the reconstructed seismic data and the seismic data after the wavelet removal.

[0014] In an embodiment of the present invention, the preset focus inverse transformation algorithm includes the following formula (1):

[0015] P re =W T X cut W formula(1)

[0016] Among them, P re is the reconstructed seismic data, W is the focusing operator, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator, X cut is the focus domain model after denoising.

[0017] In an embodiment of the present invention, the method for interlayer multiple wave suppression further includes: performing interlayer multiple wave suppression for a preset number of iterations on the seismic data after one interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after multiple interlayer multiple wave suppressions.

[0018] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, there is provided an apparatus for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, and the apparatus for suppressing interlayer multiple waves includes: a seismic data acquisition module for acquiring seismic data with missing traces; a focusing transformation module for performing focusing transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces; a noise removal module for performing removal processing on the noise area of ​​the focusing domain model to obtain a denoised focusing domain model; a focusing inverse transformation module for performing focusing inverse transformation processing on the denoised focusing domain model based on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain reconstructed seismic data; and an interlayer multiple wave suppression module for performing a one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after a one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression.

[0019] A third aspect of the embodiments of the present invention provides a processor configured to execute the above-mentioned method for inter-layer multiple wave suppression.

[0020] A fourth aspect of an embodiment of the present invention provides a machine-readable storage medium, on which a program or instruction is stored. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves is implemented.

[0021] The above-mentioned method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves obtains seismic data with missing traces, performs focusing transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces, and performs excision processing on the noise area of ​​the focusing domain model to obtain a denoised focusing domain model. Then, based on the seismic data with missing traces, the denoised focusing domain model is subjected to focusing inverse transformation processing to obtain reconstructed seismic data. Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data is subjected to one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The above scheme transforms the missing seismic data into the focal domain to obtain a focal domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data, and cuts off the noise area of ​​the focal domain model to obtain a denoised focal domain model, and then performs inverse focusing transformation on the denoised focal domain model to obtain reconstructed seismic data, and then performs one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The missing seismic data can be converted into reconstructed seismic data, that is, seismic data without missing channels, and the reconstructed seismic data can be combined with the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. This can solve the problem of poor interlayer multiple wave suppression effect when using missing seismic data for interlayer multiple wave suppression, improve the interlayer multiple wave suppression effect of missing seismic data, and thus improve the applicability of the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method for missing seismic data.

[0022] Other features and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention will be described in detail in the subsequent detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0023] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the embodiments of the present invention, but do not constitute a limitation of the embodiments of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0024] Figure 1 The following schematically shows a flow chart of a method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves in one embodiment of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 The figure schematically shows a structural block diagram of a device for suppressing interlayer multiple waves in one embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The following describes the specific implementation of the embodiment of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific implementation described herein is only used to illustrate and explain the embodiment of the present invention and is not used to limit the embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] It should be noted that if the embodiments of the present invention involve directional indications (such as up, down, left, right, front, back, etc.), the directional indications are only used to explain the relative position relationship, movement status, etc. between the various components under a certain specific posture (as shown in the accompanying drawings). If the specific posture changes, the directional indications will also change accordingly.

[0028] In addition, if there are descriptions involving "first", "second", etc. in the embodiments of the present invention, the descriptions of "first", "second", etc. are only for descriptive purposes and cannot be understood as indicating or implying their relative importance or implicitly indicating the number of the indicated technical features. Therefore, the features specified as "first" and "second" may explicitly or implicitly include at least one of such features. In addition, the technical solutions between the various embodiments can be combined with each other, but this must be based on the fact that ordinary technicians in this field can implement them. When the combination of technical solutions is contradictory or cannot be implemented, it should be deemed that such a combination of technical solutions does not exist and is not within the scope of protection required by the present invention.

[0029] Figure 1 The following schematically shows a flow chart of a method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 1 As shown, in an embodiment of the present invention, a method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves is provided. The method is described by taking the application of the method to a processor as an example. The method may include the following steps:

[0030] Step S102: Obtain the seismic data of the missing track.

[0031] Step S104 : performing focus transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focus domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces.

[0032] Step S106 : performing a cutting process on the noise region of the focus region model to obtain a denoised focus region model.

[0033] Step S108 : performing an inverse focus transform on the denoised focus domain model based on the missing seismic data to obtain reconstructed seismic data.

[0034] Step S110 , based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method, performing one-time interlayer multiple suppression on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple suppression.

[0035] It can be understood that missing trace seismic data refers to seismic data with missing seismic data at some locations (seismic data can be, for example, seismic trace data). It can be understood that the focus domain model can contain interlayer primaries, interlayer multiples, and noise regions. The focus transformation can project the data domain into the focus domain. Non-noise data has a strong correlation with the focus operator and is therefore projected as a focus in the focus domain. However, noise data, due to its poor correlation with the focus operator, is projected as radial noise in the focus domain, both within the noise regions on either side of the focus, thereby achieving signal-noise separation. The focus transformation process is the process of transforming seismic data into its corresponding focus domain model. The denoised focus domain model is the focus domain model after noise regions are removed. The inverse focus transformation process is the inverse process of the focus transformation, which is the process of transforming the focus domain model into its corresponding seismic data. The reconstructed seismic data is complete seismic data (i.e., seismic data without missing traces). In one example, the reconstructed seismic data can be in the form of a matrix. The Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method is a method for suppressing interlayer multiples. The seismic data after one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression are seismic data obtained after one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression using the Marchenko one-step method.

[0036] Specifically, the processor can first acquire the missing seismic data, then perform focusing transformation processing on the missing seismic data to obtain a focus domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data in the focus domain. The processor can then perform excision processing on the noise area of ​​the focus domain model to obtain a denoised focus domain model. The processor can then perform focusing inverse transformation processing on the denoised focus domain model to obtain reconstructed seismic data. The processor then performs a one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after the one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression.

[0037] The above-mentioned method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves obtains seismic data with missing traces, performs focusing transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces, and performs excision processing on the noise area of ​​the focusing domain model to obtain a denoised focusing domain model. Then, based on the seismic data with missing traces, the denoised focusing domain model is subjected to focusing inverse transformation processing to obtain reconstructed seismic data. Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data is subjected to one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The above scheme transforms the missing seismic data into the focal domain to obtain a focal domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data, and cuts off the noise area of ​​the focal domain model to obtain a denoised focal domain model, and then performs inverse focusing transformation on the denoised focal domain model to obtain reconstructed seismic data, and then performs one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The missing seismic data can be converted into reconstructed seismic data, and the reconstructed seismic data can be combined with the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. This can solve the problem of poor interlayer multiple wave suppression effect when using missing seismic data for interlayer multiple wave suppression, improve the interlayer multiple wave suppression effect of missing seismic data, and thus improve the applicability of the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method for missing seismic data.

[0038] In one embodiment, focusing transformation processing is performed on the missing seismic data to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data, including: determining a focusing operator according to the missing seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determining the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; and determining the focusing domain model according to the missing seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on a preset focusing transformation algorithm.

[0039] It can be understood that the preset focusing operator determination algorithm is a predetermined algorithm for determining the focusing operator. The algorithm is a prior art and therefore will not be described in detail here. In one example, the focusing operator can be in the form of a matrix. The complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator is the matrix obtained after the focusing operator undergoes a complex conjugate transformation, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator is the matrix obtained after the focusing operator undergoes a complex conjugate transposed transformation. The preset focusing transformation algorithm is a predetermined algorithm for determining the focusing domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data based on the missing seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

[0040] Specifically, the processor can first determine the focusing operator based on the missing seismic data based on the preset focusing operator determination algorithm. The processor can then perform conjugate transformation and conjugate transpose transformation on the obtained focusing operator to obtain the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and the complex conjugate transpose matrix of the focusing operator. Thus, the processor can obtain the focusing domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data based on the missing seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transpose matrix of the focusing operator based on the preset focusing transformation algorithm. For example, the processor can bring the obtained missing seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transpose matrix of the focusing operator into the preset focusing transformation algorithm according to the preset focusing transformation algorithm to obtain the focusing domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data.

[0041] In one example, the preset focus transformation algorithm may include the following formula (2):

[0042] X=W * PW H (2)

[0043] Where P is the missing seismic data, X is the focus domain model, W is the aggregation operator, and W * is the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, W H is the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

[0044] In one embodiment, performing a resection process on the noise region of the focal region model to obtain a denoised focal region model includes: determining the denoised focal region model according to a preset resection matrix and the focal region model.

[0045] It can be understood that the preset removal matrix is ​​a pre-set matrix that can be used to remove the noise area in the focal region model.

[0046] Specifically, the processor may perform point multiplication on the preset resection matrix and the focal region model to obtain the denoised focal region model.

[0047] In one embodiment, based on the missing seismic data, the denoised focus domain model is subjected to an inverse focusing transform to obtain reconstructed seismic data, including: determining a focusing operator based on the missing seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determining a transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; and determining the reconstructed seismic data based on the denoised focus domain model, the focusing operator, and the transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on a preset inverse focusing transform algorithm.

[0048] It can be understood that the preset inverse focusing transform algorithm is a preset algorithm for determining the reconstructed seismic data based on the denoised focusing domain model, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

[0049] Specifically, the processor can first determine the algorithm based on the preset focusing operator and determine the focusing operator according to the missing seismic data. The processor then performs a transpose transformation on the focusing operator to obtain the transposed matrix of the focusing operator. The processor can then substitute the obtained denoised focusing domain model, focusing operator and the transposed matrix of the focusing operator into the preset inverse focusing transformation algorithm according to the preset inverse focusing transformation algorithm to obtain the reconstructed seismic data.

[0050] In one example, the preset focus inverse transform algorithm may include the following formula (3):

[0051] P re =W T X cut W (3)

[0052] Among them, P re is the reconstructed seismic data, W is the focusing operator, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator, X cut is the focus domain model after denoising.

[0053] Specifically, the processor may first perform a dot product on the transposed matrix of the focusing operator and the denoised focusing domain model, and then perform a dot product on the dot product result of the two and the focusing operator to obtain the reconstructed seismic data.

[0054] In one embodiment, based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data is subjected to a one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after the one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression, including: performing wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after the wavelet removal; based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the seismic data after the one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression is obtained according to the reconstructed seismic data and the seismic data after the wavelet removal.

[0055] It can be understood that wavelet removal processing is a process of removing wavelets from reconstructed seismic data (eg, seismic wave data), and the seismic data after wavelet removal is the seismic data after the wavelets in the seismic data are removed.

[0056] Specifically, the processor can perform wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data. For example, the processor can perform wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data according to a pre-set wavelet removal processing algorithm to obtain seismic data after wavelet removal, and then use the reconstructed seismic data and the wavelet-removed seismic data as input of the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression.

[0057] In one embodiment, the method for interlayer multiple suppression further includes: performing interlayer multiple suppression for a preset number of iterations on the seismic data after one interlayer multiple suppression to obtain seismic data after multiple interlayer multiple suppressions.

[0058] It can be understood that the seismic data obtained after the corresponding first-time interlayer multiple wave suppression based on the missing track seismic data is the interlayer multiple wave suppression iterated once, and the seismic data after the first-time interlayer multiple wave suppression is used as the missing track seismic data, and steps S102 to S110 in the above-mentioned embodiment are re-executed to obtain the seismic data after the second-time interlayer multiple wave suppression, which is the interlayer multiple wave suppression iterated twice. The preset number of iterations is the pre-set number of iterations, and the interlayer multiple wave suppression with the preset number of iterations is the number of times the method for interlayer multiple wave suppression recorded in steps S102 to S110 in the above-mentioned embodiment can be repeated, for example, it can be five times, ten times, twenty times, etc. The seismic data after multiple interlayer multiple wave suppressions are the seismic data obtained after repeating the above-mentioned iterative process.

[0059] Specifically, the processor can use the seismic data after the first interlayer multiple wave suppression as the missing track seismic data to obtain the seismic data after the second interlayer multiple wave suppression. The processor can repeat the above operation for a preset number of iterations to obtain the seismic data after multiple interlayer multiple wave suppressions.

[0060] In the embodiment of the present application, reconstruction of missing seismic data and suppression of one interlayer multiple wave can be completed in one iteration. After multiple iterations, the interlayer multiple waves can be better suppressed, thereby improving the accuracy of the interlayer multiple wave suppression results.

[0061] In a specific embodiment, a Marchenko interlayer multiple suppression algorithm and apparatus based on focusing transformation are provided, which can perform data reconstruction and interlayer multiple suppression on missing trace data.

[0062] 1. Assume the time-space domain seismic data P, the focusing domain model X, the focusing operator W, W* is the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, W H is the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator. Then the focusing transformation can be written in operator form as:

[0063] X=W * PW H (1)

[0064] The reciprocity of W can be used to change the propagation direction of W from downward to upward. The upward propagation operator can be written as W T , that is, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator, and the inverse transformation can be written as:

[0065] P=W T XW (2)

[0066] There are two ways to obtain the focusing transform operator. One is to use the data P after multiple wave suppression as the operator, such as data processed by SRME. The other is to use the constructed model data as the operator. Each component of the W matrix in the frequency domain can be written as:

[0067]

[0068] Where ω represents the frequency, c represents the velocity of seismic waves traveling underground, and x represents the offset. Function H1 (2) is the second kind of Hankel function, ρ is the density, and i is the imaginary unit.

[0069] 2. Use formula 3 to calculate the focusing operator W, and remove the noise area of ​​the focus domain model X calculated by formula 2 to obtain X cut According to formula 1, the time-space domain seismic data P after data reconstruction is obtained re .

[0070] X cut =Mute*X (4)

[0071] P re =W T X cut W (5)

[0072] Among them, Mute is the removal matrix, X cut is the focus area model after removing the noise area, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

[0073] 3. Let U － is the primary wave generated by the real reflection interface at a certain moment, Θ0 t2 is the time window function of [0, t2), R is the wavefield of the data P after wavelet removal, R is the multidimensional convolution operation of the reflection coefficient R and the arbitrary wavefield, R* is the multidimensional correlation operation of R and the arbitrary wavefield, δ is the pulse function, and k is the number of iterations. The Marchenko one-step method for interlayer multiple suppression can be written as:

[0074]

[0075] Since Θ0 t2 represents the time window function, so omitting the time window function on both sides of Formula 5 does not change the function value. Formula 5 can be written as:

[0076]

[0077] Among them, R t is the primary wave field to be solved, R is the wave field of data P after wavelet removal, ∑M 2mIt is the interlayer multiple wave, with the same amplitude as the interlayer multiple wave in the data and opposite polarity. M0 can be set to -P, and m is the number of iterations.

[0078] 4. The Marchenko interlayer multiple wave suppression method based on focusing transformation transforms the wave field P in the time domain to the focusing domain X, and removes the noise area in the focusing domain to obtain X cut , and then the reconstructed wave field data P is obtained by formula 2 re Then, according to Equation 6, the inter-layer multiple wave suppression is performed based on the convolution and correlation of the data to obtain the reconstructed primary wave R t re , multiple iterations are performed synchronously to complete data reconstruction and inter-layer multiple wave suppression. The primary wave R can be expressed by the operator as follows from Equation 5:

[0079] R=W T X cut W (7)

[0080] Among them, W is the focusing operator, X cut is the focal domain model after removing the noise area, and T is the matrix transpose. Substituting Equation 7 into Equation 6, we can get the first-order wave expression:

[0081]

[0082]

[0083]

[0084] Among them, R t re is the primary wave field reconstructed after multiple wave suppression between layers, conj n represents the nth complex conjugate, the value of n is calculated by formula 10, Θ t2 It is a time window function. By opening the time window, false events generated during the calculation process can be removed. 2m is the interlayer multiple wave, which is calculated iteratively by formula 9. This term can be divided into two parts: even term and odd term. When m is an even number, the conjugate order is 1, and the time window function acts on M. m The complex conjugate of the term represents the correlation operation, and the travel time is shortened; when m is an odd number, the matrix is ​​not conjugated, and the time window function acts on M m The term represents the convolution operation, and the travel time increases; when m is 0, the initial input M0 is the time domain wave field P after data reconstruction re ∑M obtained by iterative calculation 2m With P re The interlayer multiple waves can be eliminated by adding them together.

[0085] The technical solution provided by an embodiment of the present invention may include: using background velocity to calculate a focusing operator, transforming data into a focused domain through the operator's action, performing noise removal and inverse transformation in the focused domain to obtain reconstructed data, then performing interlayer multiple suppression based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method on the reconstructed data, and using the suppressed multiples results as input for the next focusing transformation. Multiple iterations are used to simultaneously complete data reconstruction and interlayer multiple suppression, improving the practicality and applicability of the method. The focusing transformation introduced in the present invention can project the data domain into the focused domain. The data has a strong correlation with the focusing operator and is projected as a focus in the focused domain. The noise, due to its poor correlation with the focusing operator, is projected as radial noise in the focused domain, both in the noise region on both sides of the focus, thereby achieving signal-to-noise separation. This method incorporates the theory of focusing transformation in the solution of the Marchenko equations. Compared to existing technologies, this algorithm can simultaneously reconstruct and suppress interlayer multiples for missing-trace seismic data, while simultaneously meeting filtering and data reconstruction requirements. This method can be applied to suppress interlayer multiples in situations where data sampling is insufficient.

[0086] The beneficial effects of the embodiments of the present invention may include: 1. This method can directly input missing track data, and data reconstruction and interlayer multiple wave suppression can be completed in one iteration. Good results can be achieved in about five iterations. 2. This method suppresses interlayer multiple waves by directly solving the Green's function field of the underground primary wave. There is no matching subtraction calculation process, no need to consider the energy strength of the multiple waves, and no relative amplitude correction problem. 3. This method can suppress interlayer multiple waves when seismic data has missing or bad tracks, and simultaneously perform data reconstruction and interlayer multiple wave suppression. 4. This method can independently select the calculation accuracy according to the data situation. The calculation efficiency of a single focusing operator is faster, but the accuracy is limited. If the data is more complex, multi-layer focusing operators can be used for calculation. Generally, three can achieve good application effects. 5. This method can also be extended to three-dimensional data. The missing track data can be combined with three-dimensional data to suppress interlayer multiple waves, playing an important role in three-dimensional seismic multiple wave suppression and data reconstruction.

[0087] Figure 2 The following schematically shows a block diagram of the structure of an apparatus for suppressing interlayer multiple waves in one embodiment of the present invention. Figure 2As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an apparatus 200 for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, comprising: a seismic data acquisition module 210 for acquiring seismic data with missing traces; a focusing transformation module 220 for performing focusing transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces; a noise removal module 230 for performing removal processing on the noise area of ​​the focusing domain model to obtain a denoised focusing domain model; a focusing inverse transformation module 240 for performing focusing inverse transformation processing on the denoised focusing domain model based on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain reconstructed seismic data; and an interlayer multiple wave suppression module 250 for performing a one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after the one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression.

[0088] The above-mentioned device 200 for suppressing interlayer multiple waves obtains seismic data with missing traces, performs focusing transformation processing on the seismic data with missing traces to obtain a focusing domain model corresponding to the seismic data with missing traces, and performs excision processing on the noise area of ​​the focusing domain model to obtain a denoised focusing domain model. Then, based on the seismic data with missing traces, the denoised focusing domain model is subjected to focusing inverse transformation processing to obtain reconstructed seismic data. Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, the reconstructed seismic data is subjected to one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The above scheme transforms the missing seismic data into the focal domain to obtain a focal domain model corresponding to the missing seismic data, and cuts off the noise area of ​​the focal domain model to obtain a denoised focal domain model, and then performs inverse focusing transformation on the denoised focal domain model to obtain reconstructed seismic data, and then performs one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. The missing seismic data can be converted into reconstructed seismic data, that is, seismic data without missing channels, and the reconstructed seismic data can be combined with the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression. This can solve the problem of poor interlayer multiple wave suppression effect when using missing seismic data for interlayer multiple wave suppression, and improve the applicability of missing seismic data.

[0089] In an embodiment of the present invention, the focusing transformation module 220 can also be used to: determine the focusing operator based on the missing seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determine the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; determine the focusing domain model based on the missing seismic data, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the preset focusing transformation algorithm.

[0090] In the embodiment of the present invention, the noise removal module 230 may also be configured to determine a denoised focus region model according to a preset removal matrix and the focus region model.

[0091] In an embodiment of the present invention, the focusing inverse transform module 240 can also be used to: determine the focusing operator based on the missing seismic data based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm; determine the transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the focusing operator; determine the reconstructed seismic data based on the denoised focusing domain model, the focusing operator and the transposed matrix of the focusing operator based on the preset focusing inverse transform algorithm.

[0092] In an embodiment of the present invention, the interlayer multiple wave suppression module 250 can also be used to: perform wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after wavelet removal; based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method, obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression according to the reconstructed seismic data and the seismic data after wavelet removal.

[0093] In the embodiment of the present invention, the noise removal module 230 may also be used to determine that the preset focus inverse transformation algorithm includes the following formula (1):

[0094] P re =W T X cut W formula(1)

[0095] Among them, P re is the reconstructed seismic data, W is the focusing operator, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator, X cut is the focus domain model after denoising.

[0096] In an embodiment of the present invention, the device 200 for interlayer multiple wave suppression may further include an interlayer multiple wave iteration module, which is used to perform interlayer multiple wave suppression for a preset number of iterations on the seismic data after one interlayer multiple wave suppression to obtain seismic data after multiple interlayer multiple wave suppressions.

[0097] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a processor configured to execute the method for inter-layer multiple wave suppression according to the above embodiment.

[0098] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a machine-readable storage medium storing a program or instruction. When the program or instruction is executed by a processor, the method for suppressing interlayer multiple waves according to the above embodiment is implemented.

[0099] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the embodiments of the present application can be provided as methods, systems, or computer program products. Therefore, the present application can adopt the form of a complete hardware embodiment, a complete software embodiment, or an embodiment in combination with software and hardware. Moreover, the present application can adopt the form of a computer program product implemented on one or more computer-usable storage media (including but not limited to magnetic disk storage, CD-ROM, optical storage, etc.) that contain computer-usable program code.

[0100] The present application is described with reference to the flowcharts and / or block diagrams of the methods, devices (systems), and computer program products according to the embodiments of the present application. It should be understood that each process and / or box in the flowchart and / or block diagram, as well as the combination of the processes and / or boxes in the flowchart and / or block diagram, can be implemented by computer program instructions. These computer program instructions can be provided to a processor of a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, an embedded processor, or other programmable data processing device to produce a machine, so that the instructions executed by the processor of the computer or other programmable data processing device generate instructions for implementing the steps in the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 A device that provides the functions specified in a block or multiple blocks.

[0101] These computer program instructions may also be stored in a computer readable memory that can direct a computer or other programmable data processing device to work in a specific manner, so that the instructions stored in the computer readable memory produce an article of manufacture comprising an instruction device, which implements the process Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The function specified in one or more boxes.

[0102] These computer program instructions can also be loaded onto a computer or other programmable data processing device so that a series of operational steps are executed on the computer or other programmable device to produce a computer-implemented process, thereby providing the instructions executed on the computer or other programmable device for implementing the process. Figure 1 a process or multiple processes and / or boxes Figure 1 The steps for the function specified in one or more boxes.

[0103] In a typical configuration, a computing device includes one or more processors (CPUs), input / output interfaces, network interfaces, and memory.

[0104] The memory may include non-permanent memory in a computer-readable medium, random access memory (RAM) and / or non-volatile memory in the form of read-only memory (ROM) or flash RAM. The memory is an example of a computer-readable medium.

[0105] Computer-readable media includes permanent and non-permanent, removable and non-removable media that can be implemented by any method or technology to store information. The information can be computer-readable instructions, data structures, program modules or other data. Examples of computer storage media include, but are not limited to, phase change memory (PRAM), static random access memory (SRAM), dynamic random access memory (DRAM), other types of random access memory (RAM), read-only memory (ROM), electrically erasable programmable read-only memory (EEPROM), flash memory or other memory technology, compact disc read-only memory (CD-ROM), digital versatile disc (DVD) or other optical storage, magnetic cassettes, magnetic tape, magnetic disk storage or other magnetic storage devices or any other non-transmission media that can be used to store information that can be accessed by a computing device. As defined herein, computer-readable media does not include transitory computer-readable media (transitory media), such as modulated data signals and carrier waves.

[0106] It should also be noted that the terms "comprises," "includes," or any other variations thereof are intended to encompass non-exclusive inclusion, such that a process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes a series of elements includes not only those elements but also other elements not explicitly listed, or includes elements inherent to such process, method, commodity, or apparatus. In the absence of further limitations, an element defined by the phrase "comprises a ..." does not exclude the presence of other identical elements in the process, method, commodity, or apparatus that includes the element.

[0107] The above are merely embodiments of the present application and are not intended to limit the present application. For those skilled in the art, the present application may have various changes and variations. Any modifications, equivalent replacements, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present application should all be included within the scope of the claims of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for interlayer multiple suppression, characterized in that: include: Obtain missing seismic data; performing a focus transformation process on the missing trace seismic data to obtain a focus domain model corresponding to the missing trace seismic data; performing a cutting process on the noise region of the focus region model to obtain a denoised focus region model; performing an inverse focus transform on the denoised focus domain model according to the missing seismic data to obtain reconstructed seismic data; Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method, one-time interlayer multiple suppression is performed on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple suppression.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing focus transformation processing on the missing track seismic data to obtain a focus domain model corresponding to the missing track seismic data includes: Determining a focusing operator based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm and according to the seismic data of the missing trace; Determining a complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator and a complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator according to the focusing operator; The focusing region model is determined based on a preset focusing transformation algorithm according to the seismic data of the missing trace, the complex conjugate matrix of the focusing operator, and the complex conjugate transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The performing a removal process on the noise region of the focus region model to obtain a denoised focus region model includes: The denoised focus region model is determined according to a preset resection matrix and the focus region model.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein The step of performing an inverse focus transform on the denoised focus domain model based on the missing seismic data to obtain reconstructed seismic data includes: Determining a focusing operator based on a preset focusing operator determination algorithm and according to the seismic data of the missing trace; determining a transposed matrix of the focusing operator according to the focusing operator; Based on a preset inverse focusing transform algorithm, the reconstructed seismic data is determined according to the denoised focusing domain model, the focusing operator and the transposed matrix of the focusing operator.

5. The method according to claim 1, wherein The method of performing one-step interlayer multiple suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method to obtain seismic data after one-step interlayer multiple suppression includes: performing wavelet removal processing on the reconstructed seismic data to obtain wavelet-removed seismic data; Based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple suppression method, seismic data after one-time interlayer multiple suppression is obtained according to the reconstructed seismic data and the seismic data after wavelet removal.

6. The method according to claim 3, characterized in that The preset focus inverse transform algorithm includes the following formula (1): P re =W T X cut W formula(1) Among them, P re is the reconstructed seismic data, W is the focusing operator, W T is the transposed matrix of the focusing operator, X cut is the focus domain model after denoising.

7. The method according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that The method further comprises: The seismic data after the one-time interlayer multiple wave suppression is subjected to interlayer multiple wave suppression for a preset number of iterations to obtain seismic data after multiple-times interlayer multiple wave suppression.

8. A device for suppressing interlayer multiple waves, characterized in that: include: A seismic data acquisition module, used to acquire seismic data of missing tracks; a focus transformation module, configured to perform focus transformation processing on the missing trace seismic data to obtain a focus domain model corresponding to the missing trace seismic data; A noise removal module, configured to remove the noise area of ​​the focus region model to obtain a denoised focus region model; a focus inverse transformation module, configured to perform a focus inverse transformation on the denoised focus domain model according to the missing seismic data to obtain reconstructed seismic data; The interlayer multiple wave suppression module is used to perform a one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression on the reconstructed seismic data based on the Marchenko one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression method to obtain seismic data after the one-step interlayer multiple wave suppression.

9. A processor, characterized in that: The method is configured to perform the method for interlayer multiple suppression according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A machine-readable storage medium storing a program or instruction, characterized in that: When the program or the instruction is executed by a processor, the method for interlayer multiple wave suppression according to any one of claims 1 to 7 is implemented.

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