Circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber fracture electric field dynamic adjusting structure, circuit breaker and method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the field of circuit breakers, and discloses a circuit breaker arc extinguish chamber fracture electric field dynamic adjusting structure, a circuit breaker and a method. According to the structure, a nozzle is arranged on a movable side main body and is connected with a transmission structure through an active push-pull rod, and then movable connection with a motion shield on a static side main body is achieved; before successful breaking, the motion shield can move in the opening direction along with the moving main contact, so that the downstream space of the nozzle can be shielded, and the electric field distribution in the breaking process is optimized; and after successful breaking, the moving shield can move towards the closing direction relative to the moving main contact through the transmission structure, so that the insulation distance between the moving shield and the moving main contact is increased, and the breaking and insulation reliability of the circuit breaker is improved. By adopting the structure, the insulation reliability between the fractures of the arc extinguish chamber is enhanced, and the breaking capacity is also improved, so that the size of the circuit breaker can be reduced, and the overall performance and safety of the circuit breaker are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of circuit breakers, and in particular relates to a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, a circuit breaker and a method. Background Art

[0002] High-voltage circuit breakers are the most important type of high-voltage electrical equipment. During operation, they are subject to electrical, thermal, and mechanical forces, as well as the influence of the atmospheric environment, and must be durable. Under given conditions, they must be able to operate reliably and for a long time; the temperature rise of each component must not exceed the allowable temperature value that damages the electrical performance; they must have sufficient electrical and mechanical lifespans; they must ensure that the insulation is not damaged by aging; they must be able to withstand the system's maximum operating voltage, internal overvoltages, and external lightning overvoltages; they must have sufficient ability to interrupt currents of various specified natures; they must have sufficient ability to close short-circuit faults, and they must be able to reliably interrupt the short-circuit current generated when they are closed.

[0003] As circuit breaker voltage levels increase, insulation between the interrupters of a circuit breaker's arc extinguishing chamber becomes increasingly important, and the distance between the interrupters continues to increase. This results in a longer nozzle throat, which prolongs arcing time, increases gas velocity downstream of the nozzle, and reduces gas pressure, making short-circuit current interruption more difficult. However, in existing circuit breaker structures, most achieve reverse motion of the static arcing contact through a transmission mechanism. The shield above the nozzle is fixed to the nozzle, lacking a transmission mechanism. This prevents sufficient insulation distance between the shield and the moving main contact after interruption, resulting in reduced insulation reliability between the interrupter interrupters. Currently, there are related technologies to solve the problem that the arc extinguishing chamber shield cannot achieve bidirectional movement; for example, Chinese patent publication number CN202310215225 provides a bidirectional movement structure and method for the arc extinguishing chamber shield. Although this structure can achieve bidirectional movement of the shield, it has certain limitations, specifically: First, this structure relies on the L-shaped pull rod and the special-shaped groove on the guide rail to achieve bidirectional movement of the shield. The L-shaped pull rod not only needs to move, but also needs to rotate around a pin in the middle; during high-speed movement, the pin is very likely to shake and will constantly collide with the guide groove, which will undoubtedly reduce the fatigue life of the overall structure and have an adverse effect on the long-term stable operation of the arc extinguishing chamber shielding structure. Second, due to the limitation of the rotation space of the L-shaped pull rod, the reverse movement distance of the shield of this structure is short, which greatly limits its application scenarios and cannot meet some occasions with high requirements for the reverse movement distance of the shield; in addition, the turning point of the special-shaped groove on the guide rail is the weak point of the guide rail. During long-term use, this part is subjected to large stress and is prone to fatigue damage, which in turn affects the normal operation of the entire arc extinguishing chamber shielding structure, increasing the maintenance cost and safety hazards of the equipment.

[0004] It can be seen that the existing bidirectional motion structure has problems such as poor motion stability and limited shielding reverse motion distance. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The present invention provides a circuit breaker arc chamber fracture electric field dynamic adjustment structure, a circuit breaker and a method. The rotating component of the dynamic adjustment structure is fixed on a guide rail and only rotates around the axis without moving linearly, so the movement is more stable. At the same time, there is a larger rotation space, so the distance of the shielding reverse movement can be increased, so that the dynamic adjustment structure can be applied to circuit breakers with high voltage levels; thus, the long-term stable operation of the arc chamber shielding structure is guaranteed.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical contents: A circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, comprising a static side body on one side of the fault and a dynamic side body on the other side of the fault; The static side body includes a static side flange and a static main contact and a static arc contact connected to the static side flange; the dynamic side body includes a dynamic main contact, a dynamic arc contact and a piston rod connected together; a nozzle is provided on the inner side of the dynamic main contact, and the nozzle is movably connected to the active push-pull rod; a movable motion shield is provided between the static main contact and the static arc contact; the motion shield is connected to a transmission structure and is connected via a driven push-pull rod; The transmission structure is connected to the moving side body through an active push-pull rod; The active push-pull rod can drive the moving shield to move in the opening direction following the moving main contact through the transmission structure and the driven push-pull rod before successful disconnection, and move in the closing direction relative to the moving main contact after successful disconnection; The transmission structure includes a transmission body and a guide rail assembly connected to the static side flange; the transmission body is movably connected to the guide rail assembly through a shaft; One side of the transmission body is connected to the active push-pull rod, and the other side is connected to the driven push-pull rod, and can rotate freely around the axis.

[0007] Further, the transmission body includes an L-shaped rod having a long rod and a short rod; One end of the active push-pull rod is hinged to the nozzle, and the other end is movably connected to the long rod of the L-shaped rod through a pin; The pin is movably inserted into the first strip hole formed in the long rod of the L-shaped rod and can slide freely in the first strip hole; Through holes are provided on opposite side walls of the driven push-pull rod; The long rod of the L-shaped rod can be inserted into a through hole on one side wall of the driven push-pull rod, and the short rod can be inserted into a through hole on the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod; The active push-pull rod can drive the L-shaped rod to rotate centrally. Before the successful disconnection, the long rod of the L-shaped rod is inserted into the through hole on one side wall of the driven push-pull rod, driving the moving shield to move in the opening direction following the moving main contact; after the successful disconnection, the short rod of the L-shaped rod is inserted into the through hole on the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod, driving the moving shield to move in the closing direction relative to the moving main contact.

[0008] Furthermore, one end of the active push-pull rod is movably connected to the nozzle through a first connecting pin; the long rod and the short rod of the L-shaped rod rotate around the first center pin; one side wall of the driven push-pull rod is the second push-pull rod, and the through hole opened is the second through hole; the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod is the first push-pull rod, and the through hole opened is the first through hole; the short rod of the L-shaped rod cooperates with the first through hole, and the long rod cooperates with the second through hole.

[0009] Furthermore, the guide rail assembly includes a guide rail connected to the static side flange; the first push-pull rod is movably connected to one side of the guide rail through a first sliding pin; and the second push-pull rod is movably connected to the other side of the guide rail through a second sliding pin.

[0010] Furthermore, a first guide groove is provided on one side of the guide rail, and the first sliding pin can slide freely in the first guide groove along the axial direction; a second guide groove is provided on the other side of the guide rail, and the second sliding pin can slide freely in the second guide groove along the axial direction.

[0011] Furthermore, the transmission body includes a base; The base is movably connected with a special-shaped pull rod capable of central rotation; A second strip-shaped hole and a special-shaped groove are provided on the special-shaped pull rod; The active push-pull rod is movably connected to the second strip-shaped hole; The motion shield is connected with a driven push-pull rod; The driven push-pull rod is movably connected to the special-shaped slot via a second movable pin; A second center pin is provided on the base, and the special-shaped pull rod can rotate around the second center pin.

[0012] Furthermore, one end of the active push-pull rod is movably connected to the second strip-shaped hole through a first movable pin, and the other end is hinged to the nozzle through a second connecting pin.

[0013] Furthermore, during the opening process, the opening process is divided into a first time period for satisfying the circuit breaker's breaking function and a second time period for satisfying the circuit breaker's insulation function; wherein the dividing line t between the two time periods represents the longest breaking time under all breaking conditions; Before t, the maximum distance between the moving shield and the moving main contact is L1; the distance between the turning point downstream of the nozzle and the moving main contact is L2; ​​before t, the minimum distance between the moving shield and the moving main contact is L4; after the opening is completed, the final distance between the moving shield and the moving main contact is L2; L1, L2, L3 and L4 satisfy the following relationship: L4<L1<L3<L2; The L1<L3 design is used to shield the low-pressure area downstream of the nozzle to improve the circuit breaker's breaking capacity; Regarding L4 design: The electric field strength on the surface of the moving shield and the moving main contact is verified through electric field simulation calculation to ensure that under all breaking conditions, the moving shield and the moving main contact are prevented from being broken down by the recovery voltage. Regarding L2 design: The electric field strength on the surface of the moving shield and the moving main contact is checked through electric field simulation calculation to ensure that under lightning impulse conditions, the moving shield and the moving main contact are prevented from being broken down by lightning impulse voltage.

[0014] A working method of a circuit breaker arc chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, based on the above circuit breaker arc chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, comprises: During the opening process, the active push-pull rod moves in the opening direction, driving the driven push-pull rod to move through the transmission structure, and then driving the moving shield to move; Before the circuit breaker is successfully opened, the moving shield follows the moving main contact to move in the opening direction, so that the moving shield and the moving main contact remain relatively stationary; After the disconnection is successful, the moving shield moves relative to the moving main contact in the closing direction so that the moving shield is away from the moving main contact.

[0015] A circuit breaker comprises the above-mentioned circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber break electric field dynamic adjustment structure.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a dynamic adjustment structure for the electric field at the break of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber. The adjustment structure consists of a static side body and a dynamic side body, wherein a nozzle is connected to an active push-pull rod, a moving shield is arranged between the static main contact and the static arc contact and is connected to the transmission structure through a driven push-pull rod, and the transmission structure is movably connected to the guide rail assembly through an axis to achieve free rotation. During the breaking process of the transmission body, the active push-pull rod drives it to rotate around the axis, driving the driven push-pull rod to make the moving shield move synchronously with the dynamic main contact in the opening direction before the breaking is successful, thereby maintaining the balance of the electric field at the break; after the breaking is successful, the transmission body rotates in the opposite direction, driving the moving shield to move in the closing direction relative to the dynamic main contact, dynamically increasing the insulation distance of the break. This design significantly improves movement stability and reduces component vibration and fatigue risks by simplifying the transmission mechanism and avoiding pin rotation and collision. At the same time, the guide rail assembly of the transmission structure optimizes the force transmission path, eliminates spatial limitations and stress concentration at weak points, and fully expands the reverse movement distance of the shield, thereby enhancing the insulation reliability of the fracture, solving the problem of difficulty in breaking caused by prolonged arcing time and reduced gas pressure, and improving the durability and safety of the arc extinguishing chamber in long-term operation.

[0017] Preferably, in the present invention, the transmission structure adopts an L-shaped rod with a long rod and a short rod and a driven push-pull rod connected to the moving shield; through the movable connection between the active push-pull rod and the L-shaped rod, and the insertion and cooperation between the L-shaped rod and the driven push-pull rod, precise control of the shield during the opening and closing process is achieved. The design of the L-shaped rod makes the transmission structure more compact and flexible, and can adapt to different movement requirements; at the same time, the free sliding of the pin in the first strip hole increases the flexibility of the transmission, making the movement of the shield more stable and reliable.

[0018] Preferably, the transmission structure of the present invention utilizes a base, a special-shaped pull rod, a second strip-shaped hole, and a special-shaped slot. Dynamic adjustment of the shield is achieved through the active push-pull rod's flexible connection with the second strip-shaped hole, and the passive push-pull rod's flexible connection with the special-shaped slot. The special-shaped pull rod design increases the transmission's versatility and flexibility, accommodating more complex motion trajectories. Furthermore, this transmission structure improves its stability and reliability, ensuring precise control of the shield during the opening and closing process.

[0019] The present invention also provides a working method for a dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field of the arc extinguishing chamber break of a circuit breaker. Based on the above-mentioned dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field of the arc extinguishing chamber break of the circuit breaker, during the opening process of the method, the active push-pull rod accurately controls the movement of the moving shield through the transmission structure; before the opening is successful, the moving shield can move synchronously with the moving main contact in the opening direction, ensuring the smooth extinction of the arc; and after the opening is successful, the moving shield can move in the closing direction relative to the moving main contact, quickly widening the insulation distance between the moving main contact, thereby significantly improving the insulation reliability between the arc extinguishing chamber breaks; the use of this working method improves the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker and provides a strong guarantee for the stable operation of the power system.

[0020] The present invention also provides a circuit breaker including the aforementioned dynamic electric field adjustment structure for the arc extinguishing chamber. Due to the integrated dynamic adjustment structure, the circuit breaker can precisely control the movement of the shield during the opening process, ensuring that the shield and the moving main contact remain relatively stationary before successful opening to assist in arc extinguishing. After successful opening, the insulation distance between the shield and the moving main contact is rapidly increased, thereby significantly improving the insulation reliability between the arc extinguishing chamber gaps. The use of this circuit breaker also improves the breaking capacity, thereby enhancing the overall performance and safety of the circuit breaker, providing a solid guarantee for the stable operation of the power system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure in a closed position provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic structural diagram of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure in an arc extinguishing position provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 3 A schematic diagram of the structure of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure in the open position provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 4 A schematic diagram of a transmission structure of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 5 A diagram illustrating the operating principle of a transmission structure for a circuit breaker arc chamber break electric field dynamic adjustment structure provided by an embodiment of the present invention; wherein (a) is the closed state; (b) is the first open state; (c) is the open process; and (d) is the second open state. Figure 6 A schematic diagram of a structure for dynamically adjusting the electric field at the break of another circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 7This is a working principle diagram of a transmission structure of a circuit breaker arc chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure provided in Example 3 of the present invention, wherein (a) is the closed state; (b) is the first open state; (c) is the second open state; Figure 8 A cloud diagram of the simulation results of the airflow field in the arc extinguishing chamber provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 9 A cloud diagram of the arc extinguishing chamber electric field simulation results provided by an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 10 A graph showing the distance between the moving shield and the moving main contact as a function of the opening time provided in an embodiment of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the design of the front half L1 of the motion shielding trip switch provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0022] Reference numerals: 1. Transmission structure; 2. Static side flange; 3. Active push-pull rod; 4. Driven push-pull rod; 5. Motion shield; 6. Nozzle; 7. Static main contact; 8. Moving main contact; 9. Moving arc contact; 10. Static arc contact; 11. Piston rod; 1-1, guide rail; 1-2, first sliding pin; 1-3, L-shaped rod; 1-4, first guide slot; 1-5, first through hole; 1-6, first strip hole; 1-7, second through hole; 1-8, pin; 1-9, second sliding pin; 1-10, first center pin; 1-11, second guide slot; 1-12, first connecting pin; 1-13, base; 1-14, first movable pin; 1-15, second center pin; 1-16, special-shaped pull rod; 1-17, second strip hole; 1-18, second movable pin; 1-19, special-shaped slot; 1-20, second connecting pin; 4-1, first push-pull rod; 4-2, second push-pull rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0023] In order to make the technical problems, technical solutions and beneficial effects solved by the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail in the following specific embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0024] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0025] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0026] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0027] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that if the terms "upper," "lower," "horizontal," "inner," etc. appear, the orientation or positional relationship indicated is based on the orientation or positional relationship shown in the accompanying drawings, or the orientation or positional relationship in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are merely for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or component referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. In addition, the terms "first," "second," etc. are used only to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] In addition, if the term "horizontal" appears, it does not mean that the component must be absolutely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", and does not mean that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0029] In the description of the embodiments of the present invention, it should be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they can refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they can refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they can refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they can refer to internal connections between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on specific circumstances.

[0030] As mentioned in the background technology, in the existing circuit breaker structure, the reverse movement of the static arc contact is mostly achieved through the transmission part. The shield above the nozzle is fixed on the nozzle, and there is a lack of transmission in the middle. After the circuit breaker is opened, it is impossible to create a sufficient insulation distance between the shield and the moving main contact, resulting in a decrease in the insulation reliability between the arc extinguishing chamber breaks.

[0031] In order to solve the above problems, this embodiment provides a dynamic adjustment structure for the electric field between the fractures of the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker. This dynamic adjustment structure for the electric field is used to optimize the electric field between the fractures during the arc extinguishing process. After the arc extinguishing is completed, the insulation distance between the fractures is increased as much as possible, thereby ultimately achieving the purpose of improving the circuit breaker's breaking and insulation reliability and reducing the product size; it effectively solves the problem of insulation and breaking between the fractures when the voltage level increases.

[0032] In order to facilitate understanding of the technical solutions provided by the present invention, the following technical terms are explained: Switchgear and controlgear: A general term for the combination of switchgear and its associated control, measuring, protection and regulation equipment, as well as the assembly of these devices and equipment with related electrical connections, accessories, enclosures and supports.

[0033] Circuit breaker: A mechanical switching device that can make, continuously carry and interrupt rated current under normal operating conditions, and can also make, carry and interrupt all currents not exceeding its specified rated short-circuit current value within a specified time.

[0034] Arc extinguishing chamber: A device surrounding the arcing contacts of a mechanical switching device that is used to confine the arc and assist in extinguishing the arc; Contacts: Conductive parts that establish continuity of an electrical circuit when in contact; during operation, their relative movement opens or closes the circuit, or maintains the continuity of the circuit in the case of rotating or sliding contacts.

[0035] The technical solution provided by this embodiment is further explained below with reference to the accompanying drawings: like Figure 8 As shown, during the first half of the shield's movement, it is important to ensure that the electric field distribution across the breakpoints is optimized. Simulation results of the arc chamber's airflow field show that the Laval nozzle accelerates the airflow, resulting in high gas velocity and low pressure downstream of the nozzle. The lower the gas pressure, the lower the voltage it can withstand. Without a shield installed downstream of the nozzle, the highest field strength occurs at the static arc contact. However, this location has low pressure and high gas temperature, making it susceptible to breakdown due to an inability to withstand the recovery voltage. With the shield installed, the highest field strength shifts to the shield, located outside the nozzle where the gas temperature is low, making breakdown even less likely.

[0036] like Figure 9 As shown, in the second half of the shield movement, the insulation distance must be kept as wide as possible. The electric field strength on the shield outside the nozzle in the open position is the highest, so the shield should be kept as far away from the moving main contact as possible.

[0037] To achieve the above-mentioned objectives, the present embodiment provides a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber break electric field dynamic adjustment structure, wherein one side of the break is a static main contact and a static arc contact fixed on a stationary flange, and the other side of the break is a moving main contact and a moving arc contact. A nozzle is provided on the inner side of the moving main contact, which moves with the moving main contact. A dynamic electric field adjustment shield is provided between the static main contact and the static arc contact, and a transmission structure is provided between the shield and the moving side. During the opening process, when the moving side moves outward, the shield first remains relatively stationary with the moving side, thereby shielding the space downstream of the nozzle and optimizing the electric field distribution during the breaking process. After the breaking is completed, the shield remains stationary or changes direction to move toward the static side, thereby creating a sufficient insulation distance between the shield and the moving side. The specific implementation of this embodiment is as follows with reference to the accompanying drawings. like Figure 1 As shown, this embodiment provides a dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field of the interrupter of a circuit breaker, including a static side body on one side of the interrupter and a dynamic side body on the other side of the interrupter; the static side body includes a static side flange 2 and a static main contact 7 and a static arc contact 10 connected to the static side flange 2; the dynamic side body includes a dynamic main contact 8, a dynamic arc contact 9 and a piston rod 11 connected together; a nozzle 6 is provided on the inner side of the dynamic main contact 8, and the nozzle 6 is movably connected to an active push-pull rod 3; a movable shield 5 is provided between the static main contact 7 and the static arc contact 10; the movable shield 5 is movably connected to the active push-pull rod 3 through a transmission structure 1; the active push-pull rod 3 can drive the movable shield 5 to move in the opening direction following the dynamic main contact 8 before successful disconnection through the transmission structure 1, and move in the closing direction relative to the dynamic main contact 8 after successful disconnection.

[0038] For example, in this embodiment, the dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field at the break of the arc extinguishing chamber of the circuit breaker specifically includes a transmission structure 1, a static side flange 2, an active push-pull rod 3, a driven push-pull rod 4, a moving shield 5, a nozzle 6, a static main contact 7, a moving main contact 8, a moving arc contact 9, a static arc contact 10 and a piston rod 11.

[0039] The active push-pull rod 3, nozzle 6, moving main contact 8, moving arcing contact 9, and piston rod 11 move as a single unit. When opening, they move in the opening direction (rightward) using the operating power provided by the operating mechanism. The stationary flange 2, stationary main contact 7, and stationary arcing contact 10 are connected together and remain stationary. In this embodiment, the transmission structure 1 provides transmission between the nozzle 6 and the moving shield 5.

[0040] like Figure 1 As shown, Figure 1 The dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field at the break is in the closing position. When it opens, it goes to Figure 2 The position shown is the main arc extinguishing position, from Figures 1 to 2During the whole process, the moving shield 5 moves in the opening direction together with the nozzle 6, that is, the moving main contact 8, and the intermediate distance remains unchanged. When the arc is extinguished, the distance between the fractures is continuously widened, and the electric field dynamic adjustment structure reaches Figure 3 As shown in the position, it can be seen that the distance between the moving and static sides is further widened, and the position of the moving shield 5 has changed. The distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is Figure 1 and Figure 2 Increase, that is, the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is pulled away, so that the two are far away.

[0041] The moving shield 5 of the dynamic adjustment structure of the break should ensure that it can play a shielding role and will not be broken down by TRV (transient recovery voltage) when extinguishing the arc. Therefore, when the moving shield 5 moves toward the moving side, the shortest distance L1 between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact is determined by the TRV it bears. When the moving shield 5 reaches the opening position, the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 increases to L2. L2 is determined by the maximum voltage between the circuit breaker breaks, that is, the lightning impulse voltage. The entire opening process can be divided into two stages. The first stage is the stage before successful opening, and the second stage is the stage after successful opening. In the first stage, the movement of the moving shield 5 can remain relatively stationary with the moving side, or it can continue to move in the opening direction relative to the moving side. Figure 1 In the second stage, the moving shield 5 moves in the closing direction relative to the moving side. Figure 1 The absolute position of the moving shield 5 can remain unchanged or move in the closing direction. When both of the above processes are completed, the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 should be greater than L2.

[0042] like Figure 4 As shown, in this embodiment, the transmission structure 1 specifically includes an L-shaped rod 1-3 having a long rod and a short rod and a driven push-pull rod 4 connected to the motion shield 5; wherein the driven push-pull rod 4 includes a first push-pull rod 4-1 and a second push-pull rod 4-2 that are symmetrically arranged; In this embodiment, the active push-pull rod 3 is hinged to the nozzle 6 via the first connecting pin 1-12; the pin 1-8 on the active push-pull rod 3 can slide freely in the first strip hole 1-6 of the L-shaped rod 1-3. When the active push-pull rod 3 moves in the opening direction, the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates around the first center pin 1-10 and simultaneously inserts into the second through hole 1-7 reserved for the second push-pull rod 4-2, thereby pushing the second push-pull rod 4-2 to drive the moving shield 5 to move in the opening direction. Figure 5As the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates, its long rod portion passes through the second through hole 1-7 of the second push-pull rod 4-2, and the nozzle continues to move toward the open position. Then, the L-shaped rod 1-3 continues to rotate, and its short rod portion is inserted into the first through hole 1-5 of the first push-pull rod 4-1. Figure 5 As shown in (d), the first push-pull rod 4-1 is pushed together with the moving shield 5 to move in the opposite direction, that is, the closing direction.

[0043] In this embodiment, a guide rail 1-1 is provided on the stationary side flange 2. Two grooves are defined on either side of the guide rail 1-1: a first guide groove 1-4 and a second guide groove 1-11. These grooves support, guide, and limit the first and second push-pull rods 4-1 and 4-2. Specifically, the first push-pull rod 4-1 is movably connected to one side of the guide rail 1-1 via a first sliding pin 1-2; the second push-pull rod 4-2 is movably connected to the other side of the guide rail 1-1 via a second sliding pin 1-9. A first guide groove 1-4 is defined on one side of the guide rail 1-1, within which the first sliding pin 1-2 can slide freely axially; a second guide groove 1-11 is defined on the other side of the guide rail 1-1, within which the second sliding pin 1-9 can slide freely axially. This transmission structure 1 uses the first guide groove 1-4, the second guide groove 1-11, the second through hole 1-7, and the first through hole 1-5 to limit the opening and closing of the switch.

[0044] During the closing process, the entire transmission structure 1 performs opposite movements. During closing, the entire moving side moves to the left, and the active push-pull rod 3 on the nozzle 6 pushes the L-shaped rod 1-3 to rotate clockwise. At the end of the opening action, the short rod of the L-shaped rod 1-3 inserts into the first through-hole 1-5 of the first push-pull rod 4-1. As the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates, the first push-pull rod 4-1 pushes the moving shield 5 to the right, in the opening direction, shortening the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8. Then, the short rod of the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates out of the first through-hole 1-5, and the long rod inserts into the second through-hole 1-7. The second push-pull rod 4-2 drives the moving shield 5 toward the closing position, ultimately reaching the predetermined closing position.

[0045] During the opening process of transmission structure 1, when the L-shaped rod 1-3 pushes the second push-pull rod 4-2, the movable shield 5 moves toward the moving main contact 8. The length of the long side of the L-shaped rod 1-3, the length of the second through-hole 1-7, and the length of the second guide slot 1-11 are such that the minimum distance between the movable shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is no less than L1. When the L-shaped rod 1-3 pushes the first push-pull rod 4-1, the movable shield 5 moves away from the moving main contact 8. The length of the short side of the L-shaped rod, the length of the first through-hole 1-5, and the length of the first guide slot 1-4 are such that the minimum distance between the movable shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is no less than L2 at the end of the opening process.

[0046] As can be seen, in this transmission structure 1, the active push-pull rod 3 is hinged to the nozzle 6 through the first connecting pin 1-12, and the pin 1-8 on the active push-pull rod 3 can slide freely in the first strip hole 1-6 of the L-shaped rod 1-3. When the active push-pull rod 3 moves in the opening direction, the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates around the first center pin 1-10 and simultaneously inserts into the second through hole 1-7 reserved for the second push-pull rod 4-2, thereby pushing the second push-pull rod 4-2 to move in the opening direction, as shown in FIG. Figure 7 As the L-shaped rod 1-3 rotates, its long rod portion passes through the second through hole 1-7 of the second push-pull rod 4-2, and the nozzle continues to move toward the opening position. The L-shaped rod 1-3 then continues to rotate, and its short rod portion inserts into the first through hole 1-5 of the first push-pull rod 4-1, pushing the first push-pull rod 4-1 in the opposite direction, i.e., the closing direction.

[0047] As another preferred solution of this embodiment, another improved method is provided in the transmission structure, which is as follows: like Figure 6 As shown, the transmission structure 1 specifically includes a base 1-13, a special-shaped pull rod 1-16 and a driven push-pull rod 4; In this embodiment, the active push-pull rod 3 and the spout 6 are hingedly connected via a second connecting pin 1-20. The first movable pin 1-14 on the active push-pull rod 3 slides freely within the second strip-shaped hole 1-17 of the special-shaped pull rod 1-16. When the active push-pull rod 3 moves toward the opening direction, the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 rotates about the second center pin 1-15. The driven push-pull rod 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the motion shield 5. The other side of the driven push-pull rod 4 slides within the special-shaped slot 1-19 of the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 via a second movable pin 1-18.

[0048] In this embodiment, the transmission of the opening process is as follows: Figure 7 (a)-(c) in the figure. As the second movable pin 1-18 slides in the special-shaped slot 1-19, the movable shield 5 first moves in the opening direction and then in the closing direction. The second strip-shaped hole 1-17 and special-shaped slot 1-19 on the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 in the transmission structure 1 serve as limiters during the opening and closing processes.

[0049] Among them, the special-shaped groove 1-19 is a hook-shaped groove, which is composed of two straight grooves and an arc groove connected in the middle of the two straight grooves.

[0050] During the closing process, the entire transmission structure 1 performs the opposite movement. The moving side moves in the closing direction, and the active push-pull rod 3 pushes the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 to rotate counterclockwise. The second movable pin 1-18 moves along the special-shaped slot 1-19, which is exactly the opposite of the opening process. Then, the driven push-pull rod 4 pushes the moving shield 5 to move first in the opening direction, that is, to the right. The distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is shortened. After turning around the curved section of the special-shaped slot 1-19, the moving shield 5 moves toward the closing position, and the distance between the moving main contact 8 and the moving shield 5 is lengthened, finally reaching the preset closing state.

[0051] During the opening process of the transmission structure 1, when the second movable pin 1-18 is located at the turning point between the front and rear halves of the special-shaped slot 1-19, the turning point of the special-shaped slot 1-19 determines the minimum distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8. The turning point of the special-shaped slot 1-19 should ensure that the minimum distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 is no less than L1. When the second movable pin 1-18 is located in the rear half of the special-shaped slot 1-19, the end position of the rear half of the special-shaped slot determines the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 at the end of the opening process. This distance is no less than L2.

[0052] It can be seen that in this transmission structure 1, the active push-pull rod 3 and the nozzle 6 are hinged by the second connecting pin 1-20, and the first movable pin 1-14 on the active push-pull rod 3 can slide freely in the second strip hole 1-17 of the special-shaped pull rod 1-16; when the active push-pull rod 3 moves in the opening direction, the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 rotates around the second center pin 1-15. The driven push-pull rod 4 is fixedly connected to one side of the motion shield 5, and the other side of the driven push-pull rod 4 slides in the special-shaped groove 1-19 of the special-shaped pull rod 1-16 through the second movable pin 1-18. The transmission process of the opening process is as follows Figure 7 As shown in (a) to (c) in FIG. 1 , as the second movable pin 1 - 18 slides in the special-shaped slot 1 - 19 , the movable shield 5 first moves in the opening direction and then moves in the closing direction.

[0053] It can be seen that the rotating parts of the above two transmission structures are fixed on the guide rails and only rotate around the axis without moving linearly, so the movement is more stable. At the same time, there is a larger rotation space. Therefore, the distance of the reverse movement of the shield can be increased, so that the dynamic adjustment structure can be applied to high-voltage circuit breakers; it ensures the long-term stable operation of the arc extinguishing chamber shielding structure, and effectively solves the problems of poor movement stability and limited reverse movement distance of the shielding in the existing bidirectional motion structure.

[0054] For example, this embodiment further provides a design method for a dynamic adjustment structure of the electric field at the break of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber, that is, a design concept for the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8, specifically: Combine Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, the opening process is divided into two sections. The dividing line t between the two time sections is the longest breaking time under all breaking conditions. Before t, the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 meets the breaking function. After t, the distance between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 meets the insulation function. The maximum distance L1 between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 before t; L1 must be smaller than the distance L3 between the turning point downstream of the nozzle and the moving main contact 8; the purpose is to shield the low-pressure area downstream of the nozzle and improve the breaking capacity of the circuit breaker. The minimum distance L4 between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 before t is calculated and checked by electric field simulation to check the electric field strength of the moving shield surface and the moving main contact surface, to ensure that under all breaking conditions, the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 are not broken down by the recovery voltage; the final distance L2 between the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 after the opening is completed is calculated and checked by electric field simulation to check the electric field strength of the moving shield surface and the moving main contact surface, to ensure that under lightning impulse conditions, the moving shield 5 and the moving main contact 8 are not broken down by the lightning impulse voltage; therefore, the design of L1, L2, L3 and L4 should satisfy the following relationship: L4<L1<L3<L2.

[0055] Based on the aforementioned dynamic electric field adjustment structure for the arc extinguishing chamber, the present invention also provides a circuit breaker. Due to the integrated dynamic adjustment structure, this circuit breaker can precisely control the movement of the shield during the opening process, ensuring that the shield and the moving main contact remain relatively stationary before successful opening to assist in arc extinguishing. After successful opening, the insulation distance between the shield and the moving main contact is rapidly increased, thereby significantly improving the insulation reliability between the arc extinguishing chamber. This circuit breaker not only optimizes the electric field distribution but also enhances the overall performance and safety of the circuit breaker, providing a solid guarantee for the stable operation of the power system.

[0056] In summary, the present invention provides a circuit breaker arc chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, which has the following advantages over existing structures: The electric field dynamic adjustment structure is arranged as follows: one side of the fracture is a static main contact and a static arc contact fixed on a static flange, and the other side of the fracture is a moving main contact and a moving arc contact. A nozzle is installed on the inner side of the moving main contact, which moves with the moving main contact. A shield is installed between the static main contact and the static arc contact. The shield is not rigidly connected to the static side and the moving side. There is a transmission structure between the shield and the moving main contact, so that the shield has the following movement process: during the circuit breaker opening process, when the moving side moves outward, the shield first remains relatively stationary with the moving side, so that it can shield the space downstream of the nozzle and optimize the electric field distribution during the breaking process; after the breaking is completed, the shield remains stationary or turns around and moves toward the static side, thereby creating a sufficient insulation distance between the shield and the moving side; the setting of the transmission structure realizes the dynamic electric field adjustment function of the shield above the nozzle between the fractures, and moves forward along the downstream of the nozzle during breaking, ensuring the optimization of the electric field between the fractures during breaking. After the circuit breaker is disconnected, the shield moves in the opposite direction, increasing the distance between the shield and the moving main contact, thereby ensuring the insulation performance. This structure can reduce the size of the circuit breaker and improve the circuit breaker's disconnection and insulation reliability.

[0057] The above embodiment is only one of the implementation methods that can realize the technical solution of the present invention. The scope of protection claimed by the present invention is not limited only to this embodiment, but also includes changes, replacements and other implementation methods that can be easily thought of by any technician familiar with this technical field within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, characterized in that: It includes a static side body on one side of the fracture and a dynamic side body on the other side of the fracture; The static side body comprises a static side flange (2) and a static main contact (7) and a static arc contact (10) connected to the static side flange (2); the dynamic side body comprises a dynamic main contact (8), a dynamic arc contact (9) and a piston rod (11) connected together; a nozzle (6) is provided on the inner side of the dynamic main contact (8), and the nozzle (6) is movably connected to an active push-pull rod (3); a movable motion shield (5) is provided between the static main contact (7) and the static arc contact (10); the motion shield (5) is connected to a transmission structure (1); and the connection is achieved through a driven push-pull rod (4); The transmission structure (1) is connected to the moving side body via an active push-pull rod (3); The active push-pull rod (3) can drive the moving shield (5) to move in the opening direction following the moving main contact (8) through the transmission structure (1) and the driven push-pull rod (4) before successful disconnection, and move in the closing direction relative to the moving main contact (8) after successful disconnection; The transmission structure (1) comprises a transmission body and a guide rail assembly connected to a stationary side flange (2); the transmission body is movably connected to the guide rail assembly via a shaft; One side of the transmission body is connected to the active push-pull rod (3), and the other side is connected to the driven push-pull rod (4), and can rotate freely around the axis.

2. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission body comprises an L-shaped rod (1-3) having a long rod and a short rod; One end of the active push-pull rod (3) is hinged to the nozzle (6), and the other end is movably connected to the long rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) through a pin (1-8); The pin (1-8) is movably inserted into a first strip hole (1-6) formed on the long rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) and is able to slide freely in the first strip hole (1-6); Through holes are provided on opposite side walls of the driven push-pull rod (4); The long rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) can be inserted into a through hole on one side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4), and the short rod can be inserted into a through hole on the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4). The active push-pull rod (3) can drive the L-shaped rod (1-3) to rotate centrally, and before the disconnection is successful, the long rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) is inserted into the through hole on one side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4), thereby driving the moving shield (5) to move in the opening direction following the moving main contact (8); after the disconnection is successful, the short rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) is inserted into the through hole on the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4), thereby driving the moving shield (5) to move in the closing direction relative to the moving main contact (8).

3. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 2, characterized in that: One end of the active push-pull rod (3) is movably connected to the nozzle (6) via a first connecting pin (1-12); the long rod and the short rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) rotate around the first center pin (1-10); one side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4) is a second push-pull rod (4-2), and the through hole provided therein is a second through hole (1-7); the other side wall of the driven push-pull rod (4) is a first push-pull rod (4-1), and the through hole provided therein is a first through hole (1-5); the short rod of the L-shaped rod (1-3) cooperates with the first through hole (1-5), and the long rod cooperates with the second through hole (1-7).

4. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 3, characterized in that: The guide rail assembly (13) comprises a guide rail (1-1) connected to a stationary side flange (2); a first push-pull rod (4-1) movably connected to one side of the guide rail (1-1) via a first sliding pin (1-2); and a second push-pull rod (4-2) movably connected to the other side of the guide rail (1-1) via a second sliding pin (1-9).

5. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 4, characterized in that: A first guide groove (1-4) is provided on one side of the guide rail (1-1), and a first sliding pin (1-2) can slide freely in the first guide groove (1-4) along the axial direction; a second guide groove (1-11) is provided on the other side of the guide rail (1-1), and a second sliding pin (1-9) can slide freely in the second guide groove (1-11) along the axial direction.

6. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transmission body comprises a base (1-13); The base (1-13) is movably connected to a special-shaped pull rod (1-16) capable of central rotation; A second strip-shaped hole (1-17) and a special-shaped groove (1-19) are provided on the special-shaped pull rod (1-16); The active push-pull rod (3) is movably connected to the second strip-shaped hole (1-17); The motion shield (5) is connected to a driven push-pull rod (4); The driven push-pull rod (4) is movably connected to the special-shaped groove (1-19) via a second movable pin (1-18); A second center pin (1-15) is provided on the base (1-13), and the special-shaped pull rod (1-16) is capable of rotating around the second center pin (1-15).

7. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 6, characterized in that: One end of the active push-pull rod (3) is movably connected to the second strip hole (1-17) via a first movable pin (1-14), and the other end is hinged to the nozzle (6) via a second connecting pin (1-20).

8. The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the opening process, the opening process is divided into a first time period for satisfying the circuit breaker's breaking function and a second time period for satisfying the circuit breaker's insulation function. The dividing line t between the two time periods represents the longest breaking time under all breaking conditions. Before t, the maximum distance between the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) is L1; the distance between the downstream turning point of the nozzle (6) and the moving main contact (8) is L2; ​​before t, the minimum distance between the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) is L4; after the opening is completed, the final distance between the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) is L2; L1, L2, L3 and L4 satisfy the following relationship: L4<L1<L3<L2; The L1<L3 design is used to shield the low-pressure area downstream of the nozzle to improve the circuit breaker's breaking capacity; Regarding L4 design: The electric field strength on the surface of the moving shield (5) and the surface of the moving main contact (8) is checked by electric field simulation calculation to ensure that under all breaking conditions, the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) are prevented from being broken down by the recovery voltage; Regarding L2 design: The electric field strength on the surface of the moving shield (5) and the surface of the moving main contact (8) is checked by electric field simulation calculation to ensure that under lightning impulse conditions, the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) are prevented from being broken down by lightning impulse voltage.

9. A working method of a circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure, characterized in that: The circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure according to any one of claims 1 to 8 comprises: During the opening process, the active push-pull rod (3) moves in the opening direction, drives the driven push-pull rod (4) to move through the transmission structure (1), and then drives the moving shield (5) to move; wherein, Before the disconnection is successful, the moving shield (5) moves in the opening direction following the moving main contact (8), so that the moving shield (5) and the moving main contact (8) remain relatively stationary; After the disconnection is successful, the movable shield (5) moves relative to the movable main contact (8) in the closing direction so that the movable shield (5) is away from the movable main contact (8).

10. A circuit breaker, characterized in that: The invention comprises the circuit breaker arc extinguishing chamber fault electric field dynamic adjustment structure as described in any one of claims 1-8.

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