Grafting method for top grafting and variety changing of litchis

Abstract

The invention discloses a grafting method for top grafting and seed changing of litchis, and relates to the technical field of plant cultivation. According to the method, bud shoots of Guizao litchi or Prunus pumila are used as scions, Feizixiao litchi branches are used as rootstocks, and the characteristic that the bud shoots and the rootstocks are high in affinity is utilized; a bactericide containing veratrosine, magnolol and a rose apple extract, a germination accelerating agent containing brassinolide and an annona squamosa seed extract and a healing agent containing vinasse protein, wool fat and 8-hydroxyquinolinone are used for assistance, the improvement period can be shortened, the Feizixiao litchis can rapidly produce high-value varieties, and the orchard income is remarkably increased.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of plant cultivation, in particular to a litchi high-grafting and seed-changing grafting method. Background Art

[0002] Grafting is a method of asexual plant propagation. Grafting a scion (branch or bud) onto the branch of the rootstock's main branch is commonly used to replace the cultivar of mature trees. Hainan is my country's southernmost lychee producing region, blessed with unique geographical and climatic advantages. It is the earliest lychee producing region to enter the market, and holds a crucial position in the industry. Currently, Hainan's lychee industry has stabilized, with approximately 360,000 mu (approximately 16,000 hectares) of planted area, a yield exceeding 200,000 tons, and a total output value of nearly 3 billion yuan. This ranks second among tropical fruit trees in terms of planting scale, second only to mangoes. It is one of Hainan's key pillars for developing "three highs" agriculture and revitalizing the mountainous economy, and holds a crucial position in the province's fruit industry. However, the dominant cultivar in Hainan, 'Fei Zi Xiao,' accounts for approximately 90% of the total cultivated area. The industry suffers from a concentrated production period, intensive labor use, and a single dominant cultivar, increasing the risk of concentrated pest and disease outbreaks. Based on this, the applicant has made great progress in the selection and breeding of new varieties, innovation of key excellent germplasm, exploration of early maturity mechanisms, and research and application of supporting cultivation technology systems for new varieties. It has successively bred excellent new lychee varieties such as "Guizaoli" and "Xiantaoli". It is necessary to further develop supporting cultivation technology systems to play a leading role in improving variety structure, optimizing industrial layout, accelerating the renewal of lychee varieties, realizing diversified product supply, and enriching lychee germplasm resources, setting a benchmark for the diverse development of lychee varieties in our province. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In view of the above-mentioned defects of the prior art, the present invention proposes a litchi high-grafting and replacement grafting method to solve the problems raised by the above-mentioned background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0005] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0006] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown early-maturing litchi bud as the scion, with a scion length of 5 to 15 cm. Cut the scion diagonally upward and back at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0007] (2) scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0008] The components of the fungicide include veratrol, magnolol and Syzygium wilfordii extract, and the components of the germination agent include brassinolide and annona seed extract;

[0009] (3) Select a normally grown Feizixiao litchi branch as the rootstock, cut off the upper part of the rootstock, and make a longitudinal cut below the cut along the junction of the cortex and the xylem;

[0010] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then evenly applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent include vinasse protein, lanolin and 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0011] (5) Use binding materials to tightly tie the interface;

[0012] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0013] Preferably, the early-maturing litchi variety in step (1) is Guizaoli or Xiantaoli.

[0014] Preferably, the beveled surface in step (1) is 1 to 2 cm long.

[0015] Preferably, the fungicide in step (2) is mixed according to the following components in parts by weight, including 20 to 30 parts of veratrogenin, 15 to 20 parts of magnolol and 7 to 10 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract, and the germination agent is mixed according to the following components in parts by weight, including 10 to 22 parts of brassinolide and 5 to 10 parts of annona seed extract.

[0016] Preferably, the preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract in step (2) is: washing, drying and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol 12 to 20 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii for 50 to 60 hours, repeating the soaking 2 to 4 times, combining the soaking liquid, filtering it, and concentrating it by vacuum rotary evaporation at 50 to 60° C. to obtain the syzygium wilfordii extract.

[0017] Preferably, the preparation method of the sugar apple seed extract is: take the sugar apple seeds, dry, crush, and sieve, add 75% ethanol with a volume fraction of 20 to 30 times that of the sugar apple seeds, heat and reflux to extract for 2 to 6 hours, filter the filtrate with gauze, place it in a rotary evaporator to recover ethanol until there is no alcohol taste, continue to concentrate it into an extract, and dry it under reduced pressure to obtain a brown-yellow powder.

[0018] Preferably, the age of the Feizishao litchi trees in step (3) is 3 to 8 years.

[0019] Preferably, the length of the downward longitudinal cut in step (3) is 2 to 2.5 cm.

[0020] Preferably, the components of the healing agent include 9 to 15 parts of wine lees protein, 6 to 10 parts of lanolin and 1 to 3 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone in the following parts by weight.

[0021] Preferably, the preparation method of the vinasse protein in step (4) is: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, ultrasonically extracting for 30 to 50 minutes and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 70 to 80% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 10 to 15 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 9.0 to 11.0, ultrasonically extracting for 45 to 60 minutes and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.2 to 2.8 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain vinasse protein.

[0022] Preferably, the material-liquid ratio of vinasse and anhydrous ethanol is 1:(15-22), and the power of ultrasonic extraction is 250-400W.

[0023] Preferably, the binding material in step (5) is a plastic wrap or sealing film.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: the present invention uses the buds of Guizao Li or Xiantao Li as scions and the branches of Feizixiao Litchi as rootstocks, utilizing the strong affinity of the two, and supplemented by a fungicide containing veratrol, magnolol, and syzygium wilfordii extract, a germination agent containing brassinolide and annona kernel extract, and a healing agent containing vinasse protein, lanolin, and 8-hydroxyquinolinone, thereby shortening the improvement cycle, enabling Feizixiao Litchi to quickly produce high-value varieties, and significantly increasing orchard returns. Through the grafting method of the present application, not only can the scion survival rate reach 100%, but the time required for new buds to grow is significantly shortened, which is conducive to accelerating the subsequent time to market for lychees, and the quality of the fruit obtained after grafting is good. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0025] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of attaching the scion to the rootstock;

[0026] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of wrapping the interface with binding materials;

[0027] Figure 3 Complete the schematic diagram for the envelope. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] The technical solution of the present invention will be further described in detail below in conjunction with specific implementation methods.

[0029] Example 1

[0030] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0031] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 5 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1 cm long bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0032] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 15 minutes and then soaking it in a germination agent for 20 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0033] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of veratrogenin, 15 parts of magnolol and 7 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 10 parts of brassinolide and 5 parts of annona seed extract;

[0034] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (12 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 50 hours, repeating the soaking twice, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them under reduced pressure at 50° C. to obtain the syzygium wilfordii extract.

[0035] (3) Select a 3-year-old Feizixiao litchi branch that has grown normally as the rootstock. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a 2-cm longitudinal cut along the junction of the cortex and the xylem below the cut.

[0036] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 9 parts of distiller's grains protein, 6 parts of lanolin, and 1 part of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0037] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:15, extracting with an ultrasonic wave at a power of 250W for 30 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 70% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 10 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 9.0, ultrasonically extracting for 45 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.2 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0038] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0039] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0040] Example 2

[0041] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0042] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Xiantaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 15 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 2 cm long bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0043] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 25 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 40 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0044] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 30 parts of veratrogenin, 20 parts of magnolol and 10 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 22 parts of brassinolide and 10 parts of annona seed extract;

[0045] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (20 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 60 hours, repeating the soaking four times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering them, and concentrating them under reduced pressure at 60° C. to obtain the syzygium wilfordii extract.

[0046] (3) Select a 6-year-old Feizixiao litchi branch that has grown normally as the rootstock. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a 2.5 cm longitudinal cut along the junction of the cortex and the xylem below the cut.

[0047] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 15 parts of distiller's grains protein, 10 parts of lanolin, and 3 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0048] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:22, performing ultrasonic extraction with a power of 400W for 50 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding an 80% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 15 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 11.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 60 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.8 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0049] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0050] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0051] Example 3

[0052] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0053] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0054] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0055] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0056] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0057] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0058] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0059] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0060] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0061] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0062] Comparative Example 1

[0063] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that: the fungicide does not contain veratrazole, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0064] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0065] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0066] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0067] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0068] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0069] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0070] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0071] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0072] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0073] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0074] Comparative Example 2

[0075] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the fungicide does not contain the Syzygium wilfordii extract, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0076] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0077] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0078] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0079] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin and 18 parts of magnolol; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0080] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0081] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent include, by weight, 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0082] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0083] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0084] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0085] Comparative Example 3

[0086] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the amount of magnolol in the fungicide is increased, while the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0087] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0088] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0089] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0090] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrol, 36 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0091] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0092] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0093] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0094] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0095] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0096] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0097] Comparative Example 4

[0098] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the fungicide is 1000-fold diluted prochloraz, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0099] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0100] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0101] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0102] The fungicide is a 1000-fold diluted prochloraz, and the components of the germination agent are calculated in parts by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0103] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0104] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0105] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0106] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0107] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0108] Comparative Example 5

[0109] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the germination accelerating agent does not contain the Annona custardii seed extract, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0110] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0111] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0112] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0113] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrol, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract, and the germination agent is brassinolide;

[0114] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0115] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0116] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0117] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0118] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0119] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0120] Comparative Example 6

[0121] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the germination accelerating agent is replaced by a mixture of indoleacetic acid, ethephon and gibberellin, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0122] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0123] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0124] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0125] The components of the fungicide are calculated in parts by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrol, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the germination accelerating agent is a mixture of indoleacetic acid, ethephon and gibberellin in a mass ratio of 1:2:1;

[0126] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0127] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0128] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0129] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0130] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0131] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0132] Comparative Example 7

[0133] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the healing agent does not contain vinasse protein, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0134] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0135] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0136] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0137] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0138] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0139] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0140] (4) First, the cut edge of the pre-treated scion is attached to the longitudinal cut of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then a healing agent is applied to the interface between the pre-treated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent are calculated by weight, including 8 parts of lanolin and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone

[0141] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0142] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0143] Comparative Example 8

[0144] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the healing agent does not contain 8-hydroxyquinolinone, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0145] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0146] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0147] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0148] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0149] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0150] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0151] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein and 8 parts of lanolin;

[0152] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0153] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0154] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0155] Comparative Example 9

[0156] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the healing agent is replaced by tebuconazole, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0157] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0158] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Guizaoli bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0159] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0160] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0161] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0162] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0163] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pre-treated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pre-treated scion and the stock; wherein the healing agent is tebuconazole;

[0164] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0165] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0166] Comparative Example 10

[0167] This comparative example differs from Example 3 in that the scion litchi variety is Nuomici, and the other ingredients and steps remain unchanged.

[0168] A litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method comprises the following steps:

[0169] (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown Nuomici litchi bud as the scion, with a scion length of 10 cm. Cut the scion upward and back with a 1.5 cm bevel at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion.

[0170] (2) Scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 20 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 30 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion;

[0171] The components of the fungicide are calculated by weight as follows: 25 parts of veratrogenin, 18 parts of magnolol and 8 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 20 parts of brassinolide and 8 parts of annona seed extract;

[0172] The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract comprises the following steps: washing, drying, and crushing the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii, soaking it in 90% (v / v) methanol (15 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii) for 55 hours, repeating the soaking three times, combining the soaking solutions, filtering, and concentrating them by rotary evaporation at a reduced pressure of 55° C., thereby obtaining the syzygium wilfordii extract;

[0173] (3) Select 8-year-old Feizixiao litchi branches that have been growing normally as rootstocks. Cut the upper part of the rootstock and make a longitudinal cut of 2.2 cm along the junction of the cortex and xylem below the cut.

[0174] (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent, by weight, include 10 parts of distiller's grains protein, 8 parts of lanolin, and 2 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone;

[0175] The preparation method of the vinasse protein comprises the following steps: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, with the material-liquid ratio of vinasse to anhydrous ethanol being 1:18, performing ultrasonic extraction at a power of 300W for 40 minutes, and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 75% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction 12 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 10.0, performing ultrasonic extraction for 50 minutes, and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.5 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain the vinasse protein;

[0176] (5) Tighten the joints tightly with plastic wrap or sealing film;

[0177] (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

[0178] Experimental Example 1 Growth after grafting

[0179] 1.1 Test Objects and Methods

[0180] Litchi plants planted according to the grafting methods described in Examples 1 to 3 and Comparative Examples 1 to 10 were treated with 50 samples in each group. The scion survival rate and the time required for new buds to grow (calculated from the day of treatment) were calculated, where scion survival rate = number of surviving plants / number of treated samples × 100%.

[0181] 1.2 Test Results

[0182] As shown in Table 1:

[0183] Table 1 Scion survival rate and time required for new buds to grow

[0184]

[0185] As can be seen from Table 1, the grafting method of the present application can not only achieve a 100% survival rate of the scion, but also significantly shorten the time required for new buds to grow, which is conducive to accelerating the subsequent time to market for litchi. Comparison of Example 3 with Comparative Examples 1 to 4 shows that the veratrogenin, magnolol and syzygium wilfordii extracts in the fungicide prepared in the present application are all extracted from plants, and have obvious bactericidal effects, are safe and efficient, and are superior to the existing commonly used grafting fungicide prochloraz; Comparison of Example 3 with Comparative Examples 5 and 6 shows that if the custard apple kernel extract is not added to the germination agent, the time for growing new sprouts slows down, indicating that the custard apple kernel extract can stimulate the growth of bud tissue and can further expand the application direction of the custard apple kernel; Comparison of Example 3 with Comparative Examples 7 to 9 shows that the healing agent including vinasse protein, lanolin and 8-hydroxyquinolinone can provide nutritional support for the grafted site, reduce the risk of oxidative damage and microbial infection, and vinasse is a by-product of the brewing industry, with a wide source and low price. Its reuse is in line with the concept of environmental protection and reduces resource waste, and the healing agent of the present application is superior to the existing tebuconazole used in grafting. From the comparison of Example 3 and Comparative Example 10, it can be seen that the grafting method of the present application with Feizishao as the rootstock is more suitable for the scion being the early-maturing litchi variety Guizaoli or Xiantaoli.

[0186] Example 2 Fruit quality determination

[0187] 2.1 Conventional fertilization management was performed on the litchis grafted using the grafting methods of Example 3 and Comparative Example 10. After the litchis bore fruit, the internal and external quality of the fruit was measured at maturity according to the "Litchi Germplasm Resource Description Specification and Data Standard", including indicators such as single fruit weight, burnt kernel rate, edible rate, soluble solids content, flesh quality, flavor, aroma, astringency, and brown color of the inner membrane of the flesh.

[0188] 2.2 Test Results

[0189] As shown in Table 2:

[0190] Table 2 Fruit quality

[0191]

[0192] As shown in Table 2, the litchi fruits obtained by grafting Guizaoli or Xiantaoli onto Feizixiao have better quality and higher economic value.

[0193] The above description is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention and is not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A litchi grafting method for high-grafting and re-seedling, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: (1) Scion cutting: Select a normally grown early-maturing litchi bud as the scion, with a scion length of 5 to 15 cm. Cut the scion diagonally upward and back at a 60° angle. Then cut the petiole without damaging the bud eye, leaving a single bud on the scion. (2) scion pretreatment: soaking the cut surface of the scion obtained in step (1) in a fungicide for 15 to 25 minutes, and then soaking it in a germination agent for 20 to 40 minutes to obtain a pretreated scion; The components of the fungicide include veratrol, magnolol and Syzygium wilfordii extract, and the components of the germination agent include brassinolide and annona seed extract; (3) Select a normally grown Feizixiao litchi branch as the rootstock, cut off the upper part of the rootstock, and make a longitudinal cut below the cut along the junction of the cortex and the xylem, with a length of 2 to 2.5 cm; (4) firstly attaching the cut edge of the pretreated scion to the longitudinal cut edge of the stock, with the stock and scion forming a "Y" shape, and then applying a healing agent to the interface between the pretreated scion and the stock; wherein the components of the healing agent include vinasse protein, lanolin and 8-hydroxyquinolinone; (5) Use binding materials to tightly tie the interface; (6) After the interface is healed, remove the binding material and remove the side buds on the rootstock, leaving only the buds on the scion.

2. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: The early-maturing litchi variety in step (1) is Guizaoli or Xiantaoli.

3. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: The beveled surface of step (1) is 1 to 2 cm long.

4. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, wherein: The components of the fungicide in step (2) are calculated by weight as follows: 20 to 30 parts of veratrogenin, 15 to 20 parts of magnolol and 7 to 10 parts of syzygium wilfordii extract; the components of the germination agent are calculated by weight as follows: 10 to 22 parts of brassinolide and 5 to 10 parts of annona seed extract.

5. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the syzygium wilfordii extract in step (2) is as follows: the above-ground part of the syzygium wilfordii is washed, dried and crushed, and then soaked in 90% (v / v) methanol with a volume of 12 to 20 times the mass of the syzygium wilfordii for 50 to 60 hours, and the soaking liquid is repeated 2 to 4 times, and the soaking liquid is combined, filtered and concentrated by vacuum rotary evaporation at 50 to 60° C. to obtain the syzygium wilfordii extract.

6. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The age of the Feizixiao litchi trees in step (3) is 3 to 8 years.

7. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The components of the healing agent in step (3) are calculated in parts by weight as follows: 9 to 15 parts of vinasse protein, 6 to 10 parts of lanolin and 1 to 3 parts of 8-hydroxyquinolinone.

8. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The preparation method of the vinasse protein in step (4) is as follows: adding anhydrous ethanol to vinasse powder, ultrasonically extracting for 30 to 50 minutes and then filtering to obtain a filter cake; adding a 70 to 80% ethanol aqueous solution with a volume fraction of 10 to 15 times the mass of the filter cake to the filter cake, adjusting the pH value to 9.0 to 11.0, ultrasonically extracting for 45 to 60 minutes and then centrifuging to retain the supernatant; adjusting the pH value of the supernatant to 2.2 to 2.8 with a 20% hydrochloric acid solution, rotary evaporating to obtain a precipitate, and drying the precipitate to obtain vinasse protein.

9. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 8, characterized in that: The material-liquid ratio of lees and anhydrous ethanol is 1:(15-22), and the power of ultrasonic extraction is 250-400W.

10. The litchi high-grafting and re-seed grafting method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The binding material in step (5) is a plastic wrap or a sealing film.

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