Urban open space ecological diversity greening method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of ecological greening, and particularly discloses an urban open space ecological diversity greening method. The urban open space ecological diversity greening method comprises the following steps of seed dressing, sowing and cutting. Sowing, wherein plant seeds are sown in the urban open space according to the sowing rate of 15-20 g / m < 2 >; the plant seeds comprise dianthus chinensis, iris ensata thunb, eleusine indica and potentilla chinensis in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15); the seed dressing comprises the following specific steps: soaking plant seeds in clear water for 12-24 hours, fishing out, drying in the shade, adding bacterial powder into the plant seeds, and uniformly mixing; the bacterial powder is selected from one or more of bacillus velezensis, trichoderma harzianum and bacillus subtilis. According to the greening method provided by the invention, the greening coverage rate, the plant richness and the plant diversity of the urban vacant land can be improved, so that the urban environment quality is improved, and the ecological diversity of the urban vacant land is recovered and protected.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of ecological greening, and in particular to a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity. Background Art

[0002] Ecologically diverse greening of urban vacant land is a key topic in current urban planning and development. With the continuous expansion of cities, a large amount of idle land urgently needs to be rationally utilized to improve the urban environment, enhance the quality of life for residents, and promote the conservation and restoration of biodiversity. Traditional urban green space construction has primarily focused on public areas such as parks and squares, while the large number of scattered urban vacant lands lacks effective management and utilization. Therefore, how to efficiently and scientifically utilize these urban vacant lands for ecologically diverse greening has become a key research topic.

[0003] Currently, several common techniques are widely used to achieve biodiversity in urban vacant land. For example, directly planting a single type of herb or shrub to cover exposed ground; artificially laying lawns to quickly beautify urban spaces; or using natural restoration to gradually transform urban vacant land into ecosystems with high biodiversity. Furthermore, some research is exploring the integration of microbial agents to improve soil fertility and plant growth efficiency, thereby accelerating the establishment and stability of vegetation.

[0004] However, existing methods for achieving ecological diversity in urban vacant landscaping have limitations, particularly in the limited selection of plant species, which results in limited richness and diversity of greenery. Therefore, exploring an ecological diversity greening method for urban vacant landscaping that can increase the green coverage rate and promote plant diversity is of great significance for improving the quality of the urban ecological environment. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In order to increase the green coverage rate of urban vacant land and promote plant diversity, the present application provides an urban vacant land ecological diversity greening method.

[0006] The urban vacant land ecological diversity greening method provided in this application adopts the following technical solutions: A method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity, comprising the following steps: seed mixing, sowing, and mowing; Sowing: Spread the seeds at a rate of 15-20g / m 2 The sowing amount is sown in an urban vacant lot; the plant seeds contain dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15).

[0007] The present application provides a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity, which can increase the green coverage rate of urban vacant land and improve plant ecological diversity. Specifically: the present application first treats plant seeds with seed dressing, which can increase the germination rate of seeds and the growth rate of seedlings, enhance the resistance of plants to diseases and insect pests, and thus improve the success rate of greening; then, the plant seeds with the above-mentioned ratio are sown according to a specific sowing amount, which, on the one hand, ensures the diversity of plant species and ecological balance, and on the other hand, optimizes the planting density, which is conducive to the interaction and establishment of symbiotic relationships between plants. Then, the plants are mowed during the growth period, which, on the one hand, can control the growth of weeds and promote the circulation of soil nutrients; on the other hand, it is conducive to the accumulation and storage of carbohydrates in the rhizomes of plants, which can promote the regeneration of grass stems and leaves, making the grass more lush and more viable. In summary, the greening method provided by the present application can not only effectively improve the greening level of urban vacant land, but also enhance the stability and sustainability of the ecosystem, restore and protect the ecological diversity of urban vacant land, and is suitable for large-scale promotion.

[0008] Among the plant seeds used in this application, Dianthus has good ornamental value and drought resistance, which can effectively improve the aesthetics and drought resistance of the city; Iris has strong adaptability and soil consolidation, which helps to reduce soil erosion; Goosegrass grows rapidly and has strong covering ability, and can quickly form a vegetation layer and improve soil structure; Potentilla not only has good ornamental value, but also attracts pollinating insects and promotes the balance of the ecosystem. These plant seeds are mixed in specific proportions, which can play their respective advantages in different seasons and environments, and jointly enhance the ecological diversity and greening effect of urban vacant land.

[0009] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of Dianthus chinensis, Iris ternata, Eleocharis chinensis and Potentilla sp. is 40:(30-40):10:10, 40:(40-50):10:10, 40:40:(5-10):10, 40:40:(10-15):10, 40:40:10:(5-10) or 40:40:10:(10-15).

[0010] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of Dianthus chinensis, Iris ternata, Eleocharis chinensis and Potentilla sp. is 40:30:10:10, 40:40:10:10, 40:50:10:10, 40:40:5:10, 40:40:15:10, 40:40:10:5 or 40:40:10:15.

[0011] Optionally, the weight ratio of Dianthus chinensis, Iris ternata, Eleusinus officinalis and Potentilla splendens is 40:40:10:10.

[0012] Optionally, the sowing time is from late March to late September of the same year, and the sowing method is broadcasting.

[0013] Optionally, during the sowing, the humidity of the urban open space is ensured to be 40-60%.

[0014] In this application, after sowing the plant seeds, a layer of soil needs to be sprinkled on the surface to cover the seeds, with a thickness of about 2-3 mm, and then the plot is sprayed for 10-12 days to keep the soil moisture at 60-65%.

[0015] Optionally, the specific steps of seed dressing are: soaking the plant seeds in clean water for 12-24 hours, taking them out and drying them in the shade, and then adding bacterial powder thereto and mixing them evenly; the bacterial powder is selected from one or more of Bacillus velezensis, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis.

[0016] In the present application, the plant seeds are first soaked in clean water for 12-24 hours, which can fully activate the vitality of the seeds and promote their rapid water absorption and expansion, thereby accelerating the germination process; then, by mixing with bacterial powder, a layer of beneficial microorganism protective layer can be formed on the surface of the seeds. The above-mentioned microorganisms can quickly colonize in the soil, on the one hand, inhibit the growth of harmful pathogens and reduce the occurrence of diseases; on the other hand, it can effectively improve the germination rate and growth rate of plant seeds, and at the same time enhance the ability of plants to resist diseases and pests; in addition, the above-mentioned microorganisms can also improve soil structure, increase soil fertility, and further promote the healthy growth of plants.

[0017] In some embodiments, the bacterial powder is a mixture of Bacillus Velez and Trichoderma harzianum, a mixture of Bacillus Velez and Bacillus subtilis, or a mixture of Bacillus subtilis and Trichoderma harzianum.

[0018] In some embodiments, the weight ratio of Bacillus velez and Trichoderma harzianum can be 1:(0.15-0.25), 1:(0.15-0.4), 1:(0.15-0.55), 1:(0.15-0.6), 1:(0.25-0.4), 1:(0.25-0.55), 1:(0.25-0.6), 1:(0.4-0.55), 1:(0.4-0.6) or 1:(0.55-0.6).

[0019] In a specific embodiment, the weight ratio of the Bacillus velez and Trichoderma harzianum can also be 1:0.15, 1:0.25, 1:0.4, 1:0.55 or 1:0.60.

[0020] Optionally, the bacterial powder is prepared by mixing Bacillus velezensis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1: (0.25-0.55).

[0021] Optionally, the weight ratio of the plant seeds to the bacterial powder is (50-70):1.

[0022] Optionally, the urban vacant land ecological greening method further comprises mowing, specifically: mowing the goosegrass 4 to 6 weeks before frost, and mowing until the goosegrass is 2 to 5 cm in height.

[0023] In summary, this application has the following beneficial effects: 1. This application uses dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15) as plant seeds for planting in urban vacant lots. On the one hand, it can increase the green coverage rate of urban vacant lots, and improve the richness and diversity of greening, thereby improving the quality of the urban environment and restoring and protecting the ecological diversity of urban vacant lots.

[0024] 2. In this application, by mixing plant seeds, the germination rate and growth rate of plant seeds can be improved, thereby increasing the green coverage rate of urban vacant land, and the green coverage rate can reach more than 92.0%.

[0025] 3. The urban vacant land greening method provided in this application is low-cost, has a long greening period and a high greening coverage rate, does not cause pollution to the environment, and can also improve the ecological function of the city, and has great significance for promotion and application. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 This is a flow chart of the urban vacant land ecological diversity greening method provided by this application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] This application provides a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity, comprising the following steps: (1) Seed dressing: Mix the seeds of various plants, then soak the mixed seeds in clean water for 12-24 hours, remove them and dry them in the shade, then add bacterial powder to the seeds and mix them evenly, wherein the weight ratio of the plant seeds to the bacterial powder is (50-70):1; the bacterial powder is selected from one or more of Bacillus Velezii, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis; further, the bacterial powder is prepared by mixing Bacillus Velezii and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1:(0.25-0.55); (2) Sowing: First, clean up the urban vacant land, loosen the soil and level it; then plant seeds at a rate of 15-20g / m 2 The seeds are sown in an urban vacant lot at a sowing rate, and then a layer of soil is sprinkled on the surface to cover the surface with a thickness of 2-3 mm, and then the plot is sprayed for 10-12 days to maintain the soil moisture at about 60-65%; the plant seeds contain dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15); (3) Mowing: Mowing the goosegrass 4 to 6 weeks before frost, mowing until the height of the goosegrass is 2 to 5 cm.

[0028] In the examples of the present application, the viable counts of Bacillus velezensis powder, Trichoderma harzianum powder and Bacillus subtilis powder were 100 billion / g, 2 billion / g and 50 billion / g, respectively, all of which were purchased from Yihao Biological; the seeds of Dianthus chinensis, Iris ternata, Goosegrass and Potentilla were all purchased from Beijing Academy of Agriculture and Forestry Sciences; the raw materials, reagents, solvents, etc. used in the examples of the present application can also be obtained commercially.

[0029] The present application is further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments, performance testing and accompanying drawings.

[0030] Examples 1-7 Examples 1-7 each provide a method for ecological diversity greening of urban vacant land.

[0031] The difference between the above embodiments is that the ratio of plant seeds is shown in Table 1 below.

[0032] The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity provided in Examples 1-7 comprises the following steps: (1) Seed dressing: Mix the plant seeds, take 6 kg of the mixed plant seeds, soak them in clean water for 18 hours, remove them and dry them in the shade; then add 100 g of Bacillus Velezii powder; (2) Sowing: First, clean up the urban vacant land, loosen and level the soil appropriately, and ensure that the soil moisture is 40-60%; then sow the seeds at a rate of 15g / m 2 Sow the seeds in the open space of the city, and then sprinkle a layer of soil on the surface to a thickness of about 2mm. Then spray the plot for 10 days to keep the soil moisture at 60-65%. (3) Mowing: Mowing the goosegrass 5 weeks before frost each year until the height of the goosegrass is 2-5 cm.

[0033] Table 1 Proportions of plant seeds in the urban vacant land ecological diversity greening method provided by Examples 1-7 Example Plant seed ratio 1 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:30:10:10 2 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:10:10 3 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:50:10:10 4 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:5:10 5 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:15:10 6 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:10:5 7 Dianthus, Iris, Goosegrass and Potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:10:15 Examples 8-16 Examples 8-16 each provide a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity.

[0034] The difference between the above embodiment and embodiment 2 is that the type and ratio of the fungus powder mixed into the plant seeds are shown in Table 2 below.

[0035] Table 2 Types and ratios of fungus powder mixed into plant seeds used in Examples 2 and 8-16 Example Type and ratio of fungus powder 2 Bacillus Velez powder 8 Trichoderma harzianum powder 9 Bacillus subtilis powder 10 Bacillus velezensis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.15 11 Bacillus velezensis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.25 12 Bacillus velezensis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4 13 Bacillus velezensis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.55 14 Bacillus velezensis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.60 15 Bacillus Velez powder and Bacillus subtilis powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4 16 Bacillus subtilis powder and Trichoderma harzianum powder in a weight ratio of 1:0.4 Comparative Example 1 Comparative Example 1 provides a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity.

[0036] The difference between the comparative example and Example 2 is that the plant seeds are Dianthus chinensis, Iris ternata, Eleocharis chinensis and Potentilla sp. in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1.

[0037] Comparative Example 2 Comparative Example 2 provides a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity.

[0038] The difference between the comparative example and Example 2 is that the plant seeds are rose, alfalfa, setaria viridis and potentilla in a weight ratio of 40:40:10:10.

[0039] Comparative Example 3 Comparative Example 3 provides a method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity.

[0040] The difference between the comparative example and Example 2 is that the plant seeds are catalpa, golden larch, lilac, rose, Chinese pine, and albizzia julibrissin in a weight ratio of 5:10:30:20:20:10.

[0041] Performance testing According to the methods of Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-3, urban vacant land was greened, and the effects after greening were tested. The results are shown in Table 3 below. The specific test process is as follows: 1. Test location: The plot on the north side of Caiyu Bus Station parking lot, with a total area of ​​2.42 hectares.

[0042] 2. Trial period: Sowing in April 2022, mowing in September 2022 and September 2023; 2. Experimental Method: 19 experimental plots were selected from the above plots, each with an area of ​​5 m × 5 m. Each experimental plot was then greened according to the urban vacant land ecological greening methods provided in Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-3. 3. Test and inspection: (1) Green coverage rate: In August 2024, digital aerial remote sensing imaging technology will be used to test the green coverage rate of each experimental field; (2) Plant diversity: In accordance with the “Main contents, methods and technical specifications for plant community inventory”, the plant diversity of each experimental field was investigated and measured to obtain the Patrick diversity index and the Margalef richness index.

[0043] Table 3 Green coverage and plant diversity test results of Examples 1-16 and Comparative Examples 1-3 According to the test results in Table 3, after Examples 1-16 used dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15) to plant urban vacant land, the green coverage rate of the urban vacant land was maintained above 85%, the Patrick diversity index was greater than 5, and the Margalef richness index was greater than 1.20; after Comparative Example 1 used dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 1:1:1:1 to plant urban vacant land, the green coverage rate of the urban vacant land was only 77.8%, the Patrick diversity index was 4.8, and the Margalef richness index was 1. .16; in comparative example 2, after the urban vacant land was planted with rose, alfalfa, foxtail grass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40:40:10:10, the green coverage rate of the urban vacant land was only 68.5%, the Patrick diversity index was only 4.3, and the Margalef richness index was only 1.13; in comparative example 3, after the urban vacant land was planted with catalpa, goldenrod, lilac, rose, Chinese pine and albizzia in a weight ratio of 5:10:30:20:20:10, the green coverage rate of the urban vacant land was 80.2%. Although the Patrick diversity index was as high as 5.8, the Margalef richness index was only 1.08. Therefore, it is explained that this application uses dianthus, iris, goosegrass and potentilla in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15) as plant seeds for planting in urban vacant lots. On the one hand, it can increase the green coverage rate of urban vacant lots, and improve the richness and diversity of greening, thereby improving the quality of the urban environment and restoring and protecting the ecological diversity of urban vacant lots.

[0044] The test results of Examples 2 and 8-16 show that the green coverage rates of Examples 2 and 8-9 are 88.7-89.3%; the green coverage rates of Examples 10-14 are 92.2-96.3% (≥92.0%); and the green coverage rates of Examples 15-16 are 90.6-91.9%. Therefore, this indicates that the application further uses a mixed strain of Bacillus velezensis and Trichoderma harzianum for seed dressing to increase the germination rate and growth rate of plant seeds, thereby increasing the green coverage rate of urban vacant land.

[0045] Although the present invention has been described in detail above using general descriptions and specific embodiments, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that modifications and improvements may be made based on the present invention. Therefore, such modifications and improvements, which do not depart from the spirit of the present invention, are intended to be within the scope of protection claimed herein.

Claims

1. A method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: Seed mixing, sowing, and mowing; Sowing: Spread the seeds at a rate of 15-20g / m 2 The sowing amount is sown in an urban vacant lot; the plant seeds contain dianthus, iris, goosegrass and cinquefoil in a weight ratio of 40: (30-50): (5-15): (5-15).

2. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the dianthus, iris, goosegrass and potentilla is 40:40:10:

10.

3. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The sowing time is from late March to late September of the same year, and the sowing method is broadcasting.

4. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 1, characterized in that: During the sowing, the humidity of the urban open space is guaranteed to be 40-60%.

5. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of seed dressing are: soaking plant seeds in clean water for 12-24 hours, taking out and drying in the shade, and then adding bacterial powder thereto and mixing evenly; the bacterial powder is selected from one or more of Bacillus velezensis, Trichoderma harzianum and Bacillus subtilis.

6. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bacterial powder is prepared by mixing Bacillus velezensis and Trichoderma harzianum in a weight ratio of 1: (0.25-0.55).

7. The method for greening urban vacant land with ecological diversity according to claim 5, characterized in that: The weight ratio of the plant seeds to the fungus powder is (50-70):

1.

8. The urban vacant land ecological greening method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The specific steps of mowing are: mowing the goosegrass 4 to 6 weeks before frost, and mowing until the height of the goosegrass is 2 to 5 cm.

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