Linkage intelligent dust falling method and device for construction site flying dust on-line monitoring system

Abstract

The invention provides a linkage intelligent dust falling method and device of a construction site flying dust on-line monitoring system. The device comprises a flying dust online monitoring module, a data management and control platform module and an intelligent dust falling device module. The flying dust monitoring module adopts a particulate matter sensor and a meteorological sensor to monitor PM2.5 and PM10 concentration, wind speed, temperature and humidity and other parameters in real time. The control platform establishes a three-level grading response mechanism: when the concentration of PM10 exceeds the limit, a first-level response is triggered by several times to start a spraying system, a second-level response is triggered to start spraying and a fog gun machine, and three-level response is in full-equipment linkage. The intelligent dust falling device comprises a high-pressure fog gun machine, an intelligent spraying system and an intelligent valve, differential dust falling operation is executed according to the pollution level, and the water spraying amount can be dynamically adjusted according to the environment humidity. According to the system, full-process closed-loop control of sensory data acquisition, brain analysis, hand and foot execution and feedback is realized, passive response is changed into active prevention and control, and the accuracy and the intelligent level of flying dust treatment are remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the field of online dust monitoring technology and intelligent dust reduction control technology, and in particular to a method and device for linking an online dust monitoring system with an intelligent dust reduction system at a construction site. Background Art

[0002] The construction industry is a key pillar of my country's national economy. However, with the acceleration of urbanization and the continuous advancement of infrastructure development, dust pollution from construction sites is becoming increasingly serious. Dust generated by construction activities such as excavation, blasting, motor vehicle transportation, and road construction not only seriously affects air quality but also poses a threat to the health of construction workers and the lives of surrounding residents, becoming a significant component of atmospheric pollution. Effectively preventing and controlling dust pollution during construction, and achieving precise monitoring and intelligent control, has become a critical technical challenge urgently needed in both environmental protection and the construction industry.

[0003] Currently, traditional dust control methods rely primarily on manual inspections and subjective judgment. Dust reduction measures such as sprinkling and spraying rely entirely on manual operation, making it impossible to monitor changes in dust concentration in real time. This results in low efficiency and difficulty achieving precise control. Due to the time lag inherent in manual monitoring, control measures are often initiated only after dust pollution has already formed, missing the optimal opportunity for control and lacking effective data support and scientific evidence.

[0004] While existing dust monitoring systems can collect real-time data through fixed sensors, they generally suffer from a single monitoring dimension. Most systems monitor only particulate matter concentration parameters such as PM2.5 or PM10, and activate dust suppression equipment based solely on threshold comparisons of these single parameters. They fail to effectively integrate comprehensive analysis with key environmental factors such as wind speed, direction, humidity, and temperature. This simple single-parameter control model lacks multi-dimensional correlation analysis capabilities, making it impossible to optimize dust suppression strategies based on actual environmental conditions, resulting in insufficient control accuracy.

[0005] In terms of data processing and control platforms, existing technologies often utilize local servers for data processing, resulting in relatively limited data processing capabilities. Control systems primarily rely on manually set fixed thresholds, controlling dust suppression equipment like fog cannons and sprinkler systems through manual operation or simple, fixed programs. Once monitoring data is uploaded to the platform, manual analysis of the cause of exceeding standards and the activation of dust suppression devices are often required. This process has a low degree of automation and slow response, making true intelligent, coordinated control impossible.

[0006] Existing systems lack a refined, tiered response mechanism for controlling dust suppression equipment. Regardless of pollution severity, the system often employs a uniform start-stop control mode, operating at full power or completely shutting down. This lacks the ability to differentiate control based on pollution levels. This extensive control approach not only wastes water and electricity resources but also fails to achieve optimal control results for each pollution situation.

[0007] Furthermore, existing technologies also suffer from significant deficiencies in system integration and intelligence. Monitoring, analysis, and control are relatively independent processes, lacking deep collaboration and closed-loop feedback mechanisms. The system is unable to accurately locate pollution sources and implement predictive control, making it difficult to proactively implement preventive measures based on historical data and environmental trends. Consequently, the overall effectiveness of pollution control is limited. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an intelligent dust reduction method and device linked to an online dust monitoring system at a construction site, which has a high degree of integration and advanced intelligence. It can solve the technical problems existing in the existing technology in monitoring accuracy, response speed, control accuracy, resource utilization efficiency, etc., and realize the fundamental transformation of dust control from passive response to active prevention and control.

[0009] To achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: A construction site dust online monitoring system linked to an intelligent dust reduction method, comprising the following steps: S1: The dust online monitoring module collects the particle concentration data and meteorological parameter data of the construction site in real time and transmits the data to the data management and control platform module; S2: The data management and control platform module receives the data, analyzes and judges it according to the preset hierarchical response rules, and generates control instructions of corresponding levels; S3: The intelligent dust suppression device module receives the control instruction, activates the corresponding dust suppression equipment according to the instruction level, and performs the corresponding dust suppression operation; S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 until the particle concentration is lower than 80% of the preset threshold, and then turn off the dust suppression equipment.

[0010] Furthermore: the graded response rules include: when the PM10 concentration is greater than 100μg / m³ and less than 150μg / m³, the first-level response is triggered and the intelligent spray system is started; when the PM10 concentration is greater than 150μg / m³ and less than 200μg / m³, the second-level response is triggered and the intelligent spray system and high-pressure fog cannon are started; when the PM10 concentration is greater than 200μg / m³, the third-level response is triggered and the linkage of equipment in the entire area is started.

[0011] Furthermore: in step S2, the data management and control platform module also dynamically adjusts the hierarchical response rules according to at least one meteorological parameter of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity.

[0012] Furthermore: in step S3, the intelligent dust reduction device module dynamically adjusts the water spraying volume according to the ambient humidity. When the ambient humidity is greater than 60%, the water spraying volume is reduced to 30% to 50% of the basic value; when the humidity is less than 40%, the water spraying volume is increased to 120% to 150% of the basic value.

[0013] An online dust monitoring system for a construction site implementing the above method is linked to an intelligent dust suppression device, comprising an online dust monitoring module, a data management and control platform module, and an intelligent dust suppression device module; The dust online monitoring module includes a particle sensor, a meteorological sensor and a GPS module; The data management and control platform module includes a data processing unit, a threshold setting unit and an instruction generation unit; The intelligent dust suppression device module includes a high-pressure fog cannon, an intelligent spraying system and an intelligent valve.

[0014] Furthermore: the particulate matter sensor adopts laser scattering technology or beta-ray absorption technology, the sensor accuracy resolution is less than or equal to 1μg / m³, and the error is within ±10%; the wind speed error of the meteorological sensor is less than or equal to ±2%, and the temperature error is less than or equal to ±0.5℃.

[0015] Furthermore: the data management and control platform module has a visual interface, displays the distribution of dust pollution through GIS heat maps, and can predict the PM2.5 and PM10 concentration trends in the next few hours.

[0016] Furthermore: the coverage radius of the high-pressure fog cannon is 80 to 150 meters, supports horizontal and vertical angle adjustment, and the spray pressure can be adjusted within the range of 0.3 to 1.5 MPa; the nozzle flow rate of the intelligent spray system is adjustable from 1 to 5 L / min, and the droplet diameter is 60 to 350 μm.

[0017] Furthermore: when the intelligent dust reduction device module receives a first-level response instruction, the high-pressure fog cannon sprays water at a short-term low frequency of 3 to 4 times per minute, each time lasting 6 to 10 seconds; when receiving a second-level response instruction, the high-pressure fog cannon sprays water at a medium frequency of 4 to 5 times per minute, each time lasting 8 to 12 seconds, and the intelligent sprinkler system operates at a frequency of 5 to 8 times per minute, each time lasting 10 to 15 seconds; when receiving a third-level response instruction, all dust reduction equipment starts the emergency mode in a linked manner.

[0018] Furthermore: the device also includes an anti-false triggering mechanism, which requires that the dust reduction equipment be triggered only after the sampling period exceeds the standard for three consecutive times and the sensor failure is eliminated. The equipment will not be triggered again within 15 minutes after it is started.

[0019] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: First, this invention comprehensively considers multiple environmental factors, including PM values, wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity, to implement complex conditional linkage. This addresses the technical issues of existing technologies that rely solely on single dust parameter judgments and lack multi-dimensional correlation analysis. Pre-spray mode is activated when humidity is low, and the spray direction is automatically adjusted when wind speeds are high. This represents a technological leap from single-parameter threshold comparison to multi-factor intelligent analysis.

[0020] Second, this invention establishes a three-tiered response mechanism, employing differentiated control strategies based on pollution levels. This solves the technical issues of existing technologies, which rely on a unified start-stop control mode, requiring either full power operation or complete shutdown. Light pollution is treated with short, low-frequency water sprays, while heavy pollution triggers a full-area linkage, avoiding the waste of resources caused by extensive control methods.

[0021] 3. The present invention achieves rapid response through an intelligent linkage mechanism, solving the technical problems of the existing technology that require manual analysis of the cause of exceeding the standard and manual activation of the dust reduction device, low degree of automation and slow response speed, and realizes a fundamental transformation from manual intervention to fully automatic intelligent control.

[0022] 4. The present invention achieves deep integration of monitoring, analysis, and control through the "senses-brain-hands and feet" collaborative architecture, solving the technical problems of the existing technologies of relative independence of monitoring, analysis, and control and lack of closed-loop feedback mechanism, and forming a complete intelligent governance ecosystem.

[0023] 5. The present invention dynamically adjusts the water spraying volume according to the ambient humidity, thereby solving the problem of water resource waste caused by the extensive control in the prior art and significantly improving the water resource utilization efficiency and the economy of the system operation. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall process of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the dust online monitoring module process of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the data management and control platform module flow of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the module flow of the intelligent dust suppression device of the present invention.

[0025] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the linkage between various areas and devices of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0026] The technical solution of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0027] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer," etc., indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are intended solely to facilitate and simplify the description of the present invention. They are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0028] This invention proposes an online construction site dust monitoring system linked to an intelligent dust suppression device. It comprises three core modules: an online dust monitoring module, a data management and control platform module, and an intelligent dust suppression device module. The online dust monitoring module serves as the system's "senses," providing real-time data; the data management and control platform module serves as the system's "brain," analyzing data and formulating strategies; and the intelligent dust suppression device module serves as the system's "hands and feet," executing precise actions. These three modules collaborate deeply through data flows, control commands, and feedback mechanisms to achieve intelligent, precise, and sustainable dust control.

[0029] The online dust monitoring module uses laser scattering or beta-ray absorption technology to establish a network of particulate matter sensors and meteorological sensors. This system monitors PM2.5 and PM10 concentrations, as well as wind speed, direction, temperature, and humidity, in real time, while also analyzing dust dispersion patterns. The particulate matter sensor has an accuracy resolution of 1 μg / m³ or less, with an error within ±10%. The meteorological sensor has a wind speed error of less than ±2% and a temperature error of less than ±0.5°C. The sensor housing is dust- and waterproof, and should be installed at a height of 2-4 meters, perpendicular to the prevailing wind direction and away from exhaust vents or vibration sources. The monitoring system is equipped with a GPS module to record device coordinates and upload data in real time to a data management and control platform via the network. Data is stored locally and can be retrievable. Data collection is automatically updated every 1 minute, and transmission is via 4G / 5G or a wired network, supporting the HJ212-2017 transmission standard.

[0030] The data management and control platform module features a real-time monitoring interface and threshold alarm system that visualizes dust concentration, meteorological parameters, and equipment operating status. The platform visually displays dust pollution distribution using GIS heat maps or color blocks, supports regional pollution level grading, and can predict PM2.5 and PM10 concentration trends for the next two hours. The platform has preset PM2.5 / PM10 safety thresholds and establishes a tiered response policy: when PM10 concentrations are greater than 100μg / m³ and less than 150μg / m³, a Level 1 yellow alert is triggered, activating the intelligent sprinkler system; when PM10 concentrations are greater than 150μg / m³ and less than 200μg / m³, a Level 2 orange alert is triggered, with the intelligent sprinkler system and high-pressure fog cannons operating at full power; and when PM10 concentrations exceed 200μg / m³, a Level 3 red alert is triggered, with all equipment in the area activating emergency mode. The control platform also supports dynamic adjustment, lowering the threshold when humidity is below 30% and switching to energy-saving mode when humidity exceeds 70%. The platform adopts a compound condition linkage mechanism. When PM2.5 is greater than 100μg / m³ and the wind speed is greater than 3m / s, pressurized spray is carried out in the upwind direction; when the humidity is low, pre-spraying is carried out in advance to prevent dust generation.

[0031] The intelligent dust suppression device module uses fixed or mobile nozzle equipment such as high-pressure fog cannons, intelligent spray systems, and intelligent valves to settle particulate matter through a high-pressure spray system. The high-pressure fog cannons are spaced 100-150 meters apart, with a coverage radius of 80-150 meters. They support horizontal and vertical angle adjustment to achieve 360° spraying without dead angles, and the spray pressure can be adjusted within the range of 0.3-1.5MPa. The spray mode can switch between a large-scale diffusion mode and a fixed-point high-pressure mode. Automatic nozzles are installed in the intelligent sprinkler system pipeline network, with one group set every 50 meters, an adjustable flow rate of 1-5L / min, a droplet diameter of 60-350μm, and a fan-shaped nozzle coverage range of 8-16 meters. It cooperates with GPS positioning to dynamically respond to high-concentration areas. The intelligent valve equipment is equipped with a 10-50 cubic meter water storage tank and a variable frequency water pump to adjust the water pressure according to demand.

[0032] When dust concentrations suddenly increase during excavation or earthwork transfer at a construction site, the on-site monitoring system uses particulate matter and meteorological sensors to transmit real-time data to the control platform, simultaneously sending GPS positioning information. The control platform receives PM10 concentration data from the monitoring system and immediately tracks and locates the area. It then processes the real-time data through logical analysis, or uses GIS heat maps to locate pollution hotspots and historical data. Combined with construction logs, it analyzes pollution sources, predicts PM2.5 / PM10 concentration trends for the next two hours, and converts these into control instructions.

[0033] When the PM10 concentration is greater than 100μg / m³ and less than 150μg / m³, the control platform initiates a Level 1 alert and issues a Level 1 warning command. The intelligent sprinkler system activates within 30 seconds, with the high-pressure fog cannon nozzles spraying water at a low frequency of 3-4 times per minute, each lasting 6-10 seconds. This sprays water in targeted areas, covering major dust source operation areas or transportation corridors, avoiding blanket coverage. When the ambient humidity exceeds 60%, the water spray rate can be reduced to avoid excessive water use.

[0034] When the PM10 concentration is greater than 150μg / m³ and less than 200μg / m³, the control platform activates a Level 2 alert and issues a Level 2 warning command. The high-pressure fog cannon and the sprinkler system simultaneously activate within 30 seconds. The cannon nozzles spray water at a medium frequency of 4-5 times per minute, each lasting 8-12 seconds. The sprinkler system activates continuous mode, with the nozzles operating at a medium frequency of 5-8 times per minute, each lasting 10-15 seconds, expanding the coverage radius to within 5-10 meters of the work area. The spraying area is adjusted based on wind direction data, increasing the water flow upwind and reducing it downwind to create a barrier-like dust suppression system. When the humidity is less than 40%, humidity compensation mode is activated, increasing the water flow. When the humidity is greater than 70%, the system switches to energy-saving mode, halving the water flow.

[0035] When PM10 concentrations exceed 200 μg / m³, indicating sudden pollution, the control platform activates a Level 3 alert and issues a Level 3 response command. High-pressure fog cannons, intelligent sprinkler systems, and intelligent valves deployed in the area activate within 30 seconds and enter emergency mode. Multiple fog cannons are wirelessly networked to form a fan-shaped coverage array, expanding the dust reduction range. The fog cannons address high-altitude dust, while the sprinkler system suppresses ground-based dust, creating a three-dimensional dust reduction network.

[0036] The above steps are repeated during the dust reduction process. The on-site monitoring system transmits the changes in dust concentration to the control platform in real time. The control platform conducts comprehensive analysis and judgment, and issues a dust reduction warning response instruction to the intelligent device. The monitoring system and the intelligent dust reduction device feedback the dust reduction effect until the actual measured particulate matter concentration on site is lower than 80% of the threshold. The spray device is turned off, truly realizing the full process closed loop from "sensory data collection-brain analysis-hand and foot execution-feedback".

[0037] To prevent false triggering, the system incorporates a double-check mechanism. The dust suppression device will only be triggered after exceeding the standard for three consecutive sampling periods and correcting any sensor faults. Repeated triggering is prohibited within 15 minutes of device startup to prevent damage to the motor from frequent starts and stops. The system also supports remote manual control of single or multiple devices, enabling fine-tuning of spray volume and duration, and the temporary disabling of automatic mode for equipment maintenance.

[0038] Through the deep collaboration of the three modules of the dust online monitoring system, the data management and control platform, and the intelligent dust reduction device, this invention has achieved a leap from passive response to active prevention and control, significantly improved monitoring accuracy and response speed, reduced pollution peaks, reduced resource waste, optimized construction efficiency, met the requirements of environmental protection policies and regulations, and promoted green construction and sustainable development.

[0039] The above embodiments are intended only to illustrate the technical concepts and features of the present invention. Their purpose is to enable those skilled in the art to understand the contents of the present invention and implement them accordingly. They are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention. Any equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit of the present invention are intended to be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A construction site dust online monitoring system linked to an intelligent dust reduction method, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: The dust online monitoring module collects the particle concentration data and meteorological parameter data of the construction site in real time and transmits the data to the data management and control platform module; S2: The data management and control platform module receives the data, analyzes and judges it according to the preset hierarchical response rules, and generates control instructions of corresponding levels; S3: The intelligent dust suppression device module receives the control instruction, activates the corresponding dust suppression equipment according to the instruction level, and performs the corresponding dust suppression operation; S4: Repeat steps S1 to S3 until the particle concentration is lower than 80% of the preset threshold, and then turn off the dust suppression equipment.

2. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that The graded response rules include: when the PM10 concentration is greater than 100μg / m³ and less than 150μg / m³, the first-level response is triggered and the intelligent spray system is started; when the PM10 concentration is greater than 150μg / m³ and less than 200μg / m³, the second-level response is triggered and the intelligent spray system and high-pressure fog cannon are started; when the PM10 concentration is greater than 200μg / m³, the third-level response is triggered and the linkage of equipment in the entire area is started.

3. The method according to claim 1, characterized in that In step S2, the data management and control platform module also dynamically adjusts the hierarchical response rules according to at least one meteorological parameter of wind speed, wind direction, temperature, and humidity.

4. The method according to claim 1, wherein In step S3, the intelligent dust suppression device module dynamically adjusts the water spraying amount according to the ambient humidity. When the ambient humidity is greater than 60%, the water spraying amount is reduced to 30% to 50% of the basic value. When the humidity is less than 40%, the water spraying amount is increased to 120% to 150% of the basic value.

5. A construction site dust online monitoring system linked to an intelligent dust suppression device for implementing the method according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: It includes dust online monitoring module, data management and control platform module and intelligent dust suppression device module; The dust online monitoring module includes a particle sensor, a meteorological sensor and a GPS module; The data management and control platform module includes a data processing unit, a threshold setting unit and an instruction generation unit; The intelligent dust suppression device module includes a high-pressure fog cannon, an intelligent spraying system and an intelligent valve.

6. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The particle sensor adopts laser scattering technology or beta-ray absorption technology, and the sensor accuracy resolution is less than or equal to 1μg / m³, with an error within ±10%; the wind speed error of the meteorological sensor is less than or equal to ±2%, and the temperature error is less than or equal to ±0.5℃.

7. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The data management and control platform module has a visual interface that displays the distribution of dust pollution through a GIS heat map and can predict the PM2.5 and PM10 concentration trends in the next few hours.

8. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The coverage radius of the high-pressure fog cannon is 80 to 150 meters, supports horizontal and vertical angle adjustment, and the spray pressure can be adjusted within the range of 0.3 to 1.5 MPa; the nozzle flow rate of the intelligent spray system is adjustable from 1 to 5 L / min, and the droplet diameter is 60 to 350 μm.

9. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that When the intelligent dust reduction device module receives a first-level response instruction, the high-pressure fog cannon sprays water at a short-term low frequency of 3 to 4 times per minute, each time lasting 6 to 10 seconds; when it receives a second-level response instruction, the high-pressure fog cannon sprays water at a medium frequency of 4 to 5 times per minute, each time lasting 8 to 12 seconds, and the intelligent sprinkler system operates at a frequency of 5 to 8 times per minute, each time lasting 10 to 15 seconds; when it receives a third-level response instruction, all dust reduction equipment starts the emergency mode in a linked manner.

10. The device according to claim 5, characterized in that The device also includes an anti-false triggering mechanism, which requires that the dust reduction equipment will be triggered only after the sampling period exceeds the standard for three consecutive times and the sensor failure is eliminated. The equipment will not be triggered again within 15 minutes after it is started.

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