Waste gas treatment system for preparing benzene partial hydrogenation cocatalyst and preparation method

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and discloses a waste gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation cocatalyst and a preparation method.The waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation cocatalyst comprises a base, a purification barrel is arranged at the top of the base, and a spiral gas inlet pipe is arranged in the purification barrel; a plurality of air outlet holes are spirally formed in the spiral air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe is arranged on the purification cylinder, an exhaust fan is arranged on the inner side of the exhaust pipe, a liquid outlet pipe is further arranged on the purification cylinder, and a valve is arranged on the liquid outlet pipe. According to the waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation cocatalyst, through cooperation of reverse rotation of the vertical cylinder and axial sliding of the liquid storage box, a dynamic three-dimensional spraying area is formed in the purification cylinder. The annular fog curtain covers the total cross section, density distribution, high-speed area high-spraying-speed hedging and low-speed area low-spraying-speed covering are dynamically adjusted along with the waste gas concentration gradient, the capture rate of insoluble VOCs and aerosol is remarkably increased, and the contact blind area of a traditional device is eliminated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of waste gas treatment, and in particular to a waste gas treatment system and a preparation method for a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter preparation. Background Art

[0002] Cyclohexene is an important organic chemical raw material in the fields of medicine, pesticides, etc. The partial hydrogenation of benzene to prepare cyclohexene has become the preferred choice for industrial production due to its easy availability of raw materials, high atom economy, and simple reaction route. However, this reaction is not as thermodynamically favorable as the complete hydrogenation of benzene to produce cyclohexane, and it is difficult to achieve a high cyclohexene yield. Currently, the selective hydrogenation of benzene is mainly based on Ru catalysts, and the performance is often improved by adding co-catalysts. Co-catalysts can regulate the electronic structure and dispersion of active components, optimize the surface properties of the catalyst, and inhibit excessive hydrogenation of cyclohexene. In the preparation process of co-catalysts for partial hydrogenation of benzene, waste gas treatment often requires special equipment to deal with pollution problems such as reaction by-products and solvent volatilization. Existing devices have the following defects during use: 1. If the spray liquid atomization particle size distribution is uneven or the spray velocity is improperly matched, it is easy to cause a "spray blind spot" in the exhaust gas channel. For example, if the nozzle spray velocity near the exhaust gas outlet is too low, it cannot effectively offset the high-speed exhaust gas. The spray droplets will be carried away by the airflow, causing high-concentration organic waste gas or acidic gas to bypass the liquid curtain and pass directly. In particular, particulate pollutants such as zinc aerosols generated during the catalyst co-calcination stage are difficult to capture due to insufficient contact with the spray liquid, resulting in a surge in the subsequent activated carbon adsorption load and even clogging of the equipment due to particulate accumulation.

[0003] 2. When the distance between the nozzles is too large or the spray angle is single (such as vertical downward spraying), the exhaust gas flows in the tower with a "side wall effect". The high-speed airflow bypasses the edge of the tower wall, while the flow rate in the central area is extremely low, causing the spray droplets to accumulate densely near the tower wall, but it is difficult to cover the central air flow channel. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the problems of blinding areas caused by improper atomization and spraying speed of spray liquid and low waste gas treatment efficiency in the existing technology, a waste gas treatment system for the preparation of benzene partial hydrogenation catalyst is proposed.

[0005] The present application provides an exhaust gas treatment system for the preparation of a co-catalyst for partial hydrogenation of benzene, the purpose of which is to achieve dynamic matching of the spray velocity and the exhaust gas flow rate, with the high spray velocity at the front end offsetting the high-speed exhaust gas to enhance atomization, and the low spray velocity at the rear end to provide uniform coverage, eliminate spray blind spots, ensure full contact and absorption of organic waste gas, acidic gas and aerosol, and improve purification efficiency.

[0006] The technical solution of the present invention is: an exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation catalyst, comprising a base, a purification cylinder disposed on the top of the base, a spiral air inlet pipe disposed in the purification cylinder, a plurality of air outlet holes disposed in a spiral shape on the spiral air inlet pipe, an exhaust pipe disposed on the inside of the exhaust pipe, an exhaust fan disposed on the inside of the exhaust pipe, a liquid outlet pipe disposed on the purification cylinder, a valve disposed on the liquid outlet pipe, and a spray unit disposed in the purification cylinder; The spray unit includes a spray component arranged in the purification cylinder, the spray component is provided with an adjustment component, the spray component includes a spray assembly arranged in the purification cylinder, and the spray assembly is provided with a telescopic assembly and a transmission assembly; The spray component is used to spray the purification liquid into the purification cylinder to fully contact the exhaust gas, and the adjustment component is used to adjust the spray speed of the spray component; The spray assembly includes a vertical cylinder arranged inside the purification cylinder, and multiple liquid storage boxes are symmetrically distributed on the outside of the vertical cylinder. Multiple spray heads are symmetrically distributed on each liquid storage box, and the spray speed of the spray head can be adjusted.

[0007] Furthermore, the telescopic assembly includes through holes symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder, two reciprocating screw rods symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the vertical cylinder, the two reciprocating screw rods are fixedly connected, nuts are provided on the two reciprocating screw rods, and each nut is provided with multiple limit bars, the limit bars are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through holes, and a connecting rod is provided between the limit bars and the corresponding liquid storage box.

[0008] Furthermore, the transmission assembly includes a rotating plate arranged on the vertical cylinder, the rotating plate is rotatably connected to the purification cylinder, a groove is provided on the bottom of the purification cylinder, an internal gear is provided on the rotating plate, a first gear is provided at the bottom of the vertical cylinder, the first gear is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw, a second gear is provided on the inside of the groove, and the second gear is respectively meshed with the first gear and the internal gear.

[0009] Furthermore, the adjusting component includes an extrusion component and an adjusting component arranged on the inner side of the liquid storage box, and a pushing component is arranged on the top of the liquid storage box; The extrusion assembly includes two vertical rods symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the liquid storage box, and multiple L-shaped rods are staggered on the two vertical rods. The liquid inlet ends of the multiple spray heads are each provided with a first hose, and each first hose is located between the two opposite L-shaped rods.

[0010] Furthermore, the adjustment component includes racks that are staggered and arranged on two vertical rods, a third gear is provided on the inside of the liquid storage box, and the third gear is respectively engaged with the two racks, and a spring is provided between one of the vertical rods and the liquid storage box.

[0011] Furthermore, the pushing assembly includes a plurality of pushing plates symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder, a pushing rod is provided on the pushing plate, a sealing cylinder is provided on the pushing rod, the sealing cylinder is fixedly connected to the liquid storage box, the pushing rod is sealingly and slidingly connected to the liquid storage box, one of the vertical rods is provided with a wedge block, and the pushing rod is slidingly connected to the inclined surface of the wedge block.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes a liquid inlet component, which includes a liquid inlet box arranged on the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder, a liquid inlet pipe is arranged on the top of the purification cylinder, the liquid inlet pipe is connected to the inner side of the liquid inlet box, and a plurality of second hoses are symmetrically distributed on the bottom of the liquid inlet box. The second hoses pass through the corresponding push plates and extend to the inner side of the liquid storage box.

[0013] Furthermore, it also includes a rotating assembly, which includes a connecting shaft arranged at the top of the purification cylinder, one end of the connecting shaft is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw, and the other end of the connecting shaft is provided with a conical column. The top of the purification cylinder is also symmetrically distributed with two fixed plates, one of which is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder, a straight rod is provided between the two fixed plates, a roller is provided on the straight rod, and the roller is rollingly connected to the conical column, a threaded rod is also provided between the two fixed plates, a U-shaped block is provided on the threaded rod, and the U-shaped block is slidingly connected to the roller, a drive motor is provided on the fixed plate located at the top, and the output shaft of the drive motor is fixedly connected to the straight rod.

[0014] Another object of the present invention is to provide a method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter, comprising the following steps: S1: After the porous carrier is acid-etched, expanded, and washed, it is placed above the spiral air inlet pipe in the purification cylinder. The exhaust fan is started to make the acidic waste gas generated by the roasting rise along the spiral flow channel and contact with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed by the spray unit to neutralize it. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe to prevent the spillage of pollutants. S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder, and then the loaded carrier is placed in the rotating spray area of ​​the cylinder. The spray head rotates and sprays to clean the excess free metal ions. The wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe. At the same time, inert gas is introduced into the spiral air inlet pipe to dry the carrier and improve the loading uniformity. S3: The carrier is placed on a calcination support in the purification cylinder and a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced for reduction. The organic volatiles generated during the reduction process are diffused through the outlet holes of the spiral air inlet pipe with the air flow and captured by the absorption liquid sprayed from the spray head, preventing the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid can help regulate the reduction atmosphere in the cylinder. S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol and other particles generated by the calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan. At the same time, the spray unit can adjust the spray speed to offset the high-speed airflow to reduce the wear and tear of the catalyst particles.

[0015] Furthermore, in S2, after loading, the carrier is placed in a purification cylinder, and the residual metal ions are washed with an acidic purification liquid from a spray unit, and the waste water is discharged through a liquid outlet pipe, while the spiral airflow blows the carrier dry.

[0016] Beneficial effects of the present invention: 1. Through the coordinated counter-rotation of the vertical cylinder and the axial sliding of the liquid storage box, a dynamic three-dimensional spray zone is formed within the purification cylinder. The annular mist curtain covers the entire cross-section and dynamically adjusts its density according to the exhaust gas concentration gradient. High-speed spraying offsets high-speed areas and low-speed spraying covers low-speed areas, significantly improving the capture rate of insoluble VOCs and aerosols, eliminating the blind spots of traditional devices.

[0017] 2. By linking the push and squeeze components, the spray rate is adjusted in real time based on the exhaust gas flow. The spray rate is increased near the exhaust port to enhance treatment, while the spray rate is reduced away from the exhaust port to reduce energy consumption. This avoids the treatment deficiencies and energy waste associated with traditional constant-rate spraying, extending the life of the subsequent equipment.

[0018] 3. The three-dimensional cross-connection between the spiral air inlet pipe and the rotating spray unit enhances turbulence, the rotating component optimizes the contact effect, the liquid inlet component ensures dynamic liquid supply, and the closed-loop feedback mechanism automatically adapts to fluctuations in exhaust gas components. The maintenance cycle is significantly extended, and the system operates efficiently and stably. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 2 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the purification cartridge of the waste gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation promoter of the present invention; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a spray unit of an exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a co-catalyst for partial hydrogenation of benzene according to the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the spiral air inlet pipe structure of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation promoter of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a partial structural diagram of a spray unit of an exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a co-catalyst for partial hydrogenation of benzene according to the present invention; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the telescopic assembly structure of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the transmission component structure of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 8 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating components of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 9This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the pusher assembly of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 10 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the regulating component of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 11 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the regulating component of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 12 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the rotating components of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 13 This is a schematic diagram of the exploded structure of the rotating components of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation co-catalyst of the present invention; Figure 14 This is a schematic diagram of the exhaust pipe structure of the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing the benzene partial hydrogenation promoter of the present invention.

[0020] In the picture: 1. Base; 11. Purification cylinder; 12. Spiral air inlet pipe; 13. Air outlet; 14. Exhaust pipe; 15. Exhaust fan; 16. Liquid outlet pipe; 17. Valve; 2. Spray assembly; 21. Vertical cylinder; 22. Liquid storage box; 23. Spray head; 3. Telescopic assembly; 31. Through hole; 32. Reciprocating screw; 33. Nut; 34. Limiting bar; 35. Connecting rod; 4. Transmission assembly; 41. Rotating plate; 42. Internal gear; 43. First gear; 44. Second gear; 5. Extrusion assembly; 51. Vertical Rod; 52, L-shaped rod; 53, first hose; 6, adjustment assembly; 61, rack; 62, third gear; 63, spring; 7, push assembly; 71, push plate; 72, push rod; 73, sealing cylinder; 74, wedge block; 8, liquid inlet assembly; 81, liquid inlet box; 82, liquid inlet pipe; 83, second hose; 9, rotating assembly; 91, connecting shaft; 92, frustum column; 93, fixing plate; 94, straight rod; 95, roller; 96, threaded rod; 97, U-shaped block; 98, drive motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific embodiments of the present invention are described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0022] Example 1, with reference to Figure 1-Figure 5 and Figure 14, which is the first embodiment of the present invention, provides an exhaust gas treatment system for the preparation of a benzene partial hydrogenation catalyst, including a base 1, a purification cylinder 11 is fixedly connected to the top of the base 1, a spiral air inlet pipe 12 is fixedly connected to the purification cylinder 11, and a plurality of air outlet holes 13 are spirally opened on the spiral air inlet pipe 12, an exhaust pipe 14 is fixedly connected to the purification cylinder 11, an exhaust fan 15 is fixedly connected to the inside of the exhaust pipe 14, a liquid outlet pipe 16 is also fixedly connected to the purification cylinder 11, and a valve 17 is fixedly connected to the liquid outlet pipe 16, and a spray unit installed in the purification cylinder 11; the spray unit includes a spray nozzle installed in the purification cylinder 11. 1, the spray component is equipped with an adjusting component, the spray component includes a spray assembly 2 installed in the purification cylinder 11, and the spray assembly 2 is equipped with a telescopic assembly 3 and a transmission assembly 4; the spray component is used to spray the purification liquid into the purification cylinder 11 to fully contact the exhaust gas, and the adjusting component is used to adjust the spray speed of the spray assembly 2; the spray assembly 2 includes a vertical cylinder 21 rotatably connected to the inner side of the purification cylinder 11, and a plurality of liquid storage boxes 22 are symmetrically distributed and slidably connected to the outer side of the vertical cylinder 21, and each liquid storage box 22 is symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to a plurality of spray heads 23, and the spray speed of the spray head 23 can be adjusted.

[0023] Specifically, the air inlet of the spiral air inlet pipe 12 is connected to the exhaust outlet for the preparation of the benzene partial hydrogenation catalyst. The exhaust gas enters the purification cylinder 11 in a spiral shape through the air outlet 13. The spray unit sprays the purification liquid into the purification cylinder 11, where it fully contacts the exhaust gas within the purification cylinder 11, absorbing harmful substances in the exhaust gas. The purification liquid enters the liquid storage box 22 and is sprayed from multiple spray heads 23, contacting the exhaust gas in the form of a spray. The vertical cylinder 21 rotates within the purification cylinder 11, driving the liquid storage box 22 and the spray heads 23 to rotate, causing the spray-formed purification liquid to spread in a circular pattern, more fully contacting the exhaust gas within the purification cylinder 11. The liquid storage box 22 is slidably connected to the outer side of the vertical cylinder 21. When the purified liquid is sprayed out, the liquid storage box 22 and the spiral air inlet pipe 12 move closer to or away from each other, and the spiral air inlet pipe 12 discharges the exhaust gas, and the exhaust gas moves from the air outlet 13 of the spiral air inlet pipe 12 to the center of the spiral air inlet pipe 12. During the movement, the liquid storage box 22 continuously makes the purified liquid contact with the exhaust gas, which increases the contact time between the purified liquid and the exhaust gas, and the spray speed of the spray head 23 can be adjusted. When the spray head 23 is close to the air outlet 13, the spray speed of the spray head 23 is faster to offset the high-speed exhaust gas and strengthen the initial contact. When the spray head 23 is away from the air outlet 13, the spray speed of the spray head 23 is relatively slow to save energy and avoid excessive system resistance. When the spiral exhaust gas meets the rotating mist curtain, the relative movement speed of the droplets and the airflow increases, especially for insoluble VOCs. By extending the contact path and enhancing the turbulence, the mass transfer coefficient is improved, ensuring that organic exhaust gases such as benzene and cyclohexane and hydrogen halide acidic gases are fully absorbed, solving the problem of pollutant penetration caused by the "spray blind area" in traditional devices.

[0024] Reference Figure 6 The telescopic assembly 3 includes through holes 31 symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder 21. Two reciprocating screw rods 32 are symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected on the inner side of the vertical cylinder 21. The two reciprocating screw rods 32 are fixedly connected. Nuts 33 are threadedly connected to the two reciprocating screw rods 32. Each nut 33 is fixedly connected to a plurality of limit bars 34. The limit bars 34 are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through holes 31. A connecting rod 35 is rotatably connected between the limit bars 34 and the corresponding liquid storage box 22.

[0025] Specifically, when the reciprocating screw 32 rotates, the limit bar 34 slides on the inside of the through hole 31, causing the nut 33 to move on the reciprocating screw 32, causing the connecting rod 35 to rotate between the limit bar 34 and the liquid storage box 22, pushing and pulling the liquid storage box 22, causing the liquid storage box 22 to move closer to or away from the vertical cylinder 21, so that the spray unit can form a dynamic coverage area in the purification cylinder 11, solving the "side wall effect" caused by the fixed nozzle spacing in the traditional device. When the liquid storage box 22 moves toward the center, the spray head 23 can cover the low-speed airflow area and eliminate the central blind spot; when moving toward the cylinder wall, the edge liquid curtain thickness is increased to prevent the exhaust gas from short-circuiting along the wall, thereby improving the uniformity of gas-liquid distribution across the entire cross-section, ensuring that the device maintains a stable purification efficiency in different processes such as drying and roasting in the preparation of the co-catalyst.

[0026] Reference Figure 7 The transmission assembly 4 includes a rotating plate 41 fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder 21, the rotating plate 41 is rotatably connected to the purification cylinder 11, a groove is provided at the bottom of the purification cylinder 11, an internal gear 42 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 41, and a first gear 43 is rotatably connected to the bottom of the vertical cylinder 21. The first gear 43 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod 32, and a second gear 44 is rotatably connected to the inside of the groove. The second gear 44 is respectively meshed with the first gear 43 and the internal gear 42.

[0027] Specifically, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 32 drives the first gear 43, which in turn drives the second gear 44 in the opposite direction, driving the internal gear 42 to rotate synchronously, and the vertical cylinder 21 to rotate synchronously, so that the vertical cylinder 21 rotates in the opposite direction to the reciprocating screw 32. This delivers the droplets to areas with lower flow rates, significantly improving the capture rate of particulate matter such as zinc-containing aerosols. At the same time, the centrifugal force generated by the rotation gives the droplets additional kinetic energy, enhancing the offset effect with the spiral exhaust gas, and solving the problem of airflow short-circuiting caused by the "side wall effect."

[0028] Reference Figures 8-11The adjusting component includes an extrusion assembly 5 and an adjustment assembly 6 installed on the inner side of the liquid storage box 22, and a push assembly 7 is installed on the top of the liquid storage box 22; the extrusion assembly 5 includes two vertical rods 51 that are symmetrically distributed and slidingly connected to the inner side of the liquid storage box 22, and multiple L-shaped rods 52 are fixedly connected to the two vertical rods 51 in a staggered distribution. The liquid inlet ends of multiple spray heads 23 are fixedly connected to a first hose 53, and each first hose 53 is located between the two opposite L-shaped rods 52.

[0029] Specifically, the two vertical rods 51 slide relative to each other inside the liquid storage box 22, driving the L-shaped rods 52 to slide, causing the two adjacent L-shaped rods 52 to move toward or away from each other, squeezing or relaxing the first hose 53, causing the purified liquid to enter the spray head 23 at a faster speed, and the purified liquid to be sprayed out of the spray head 23 at a faster speed. This enables stepless adjustment of the spray head 23's spray speed, allowing the purified liquid spray speed to be matched in real time to the exhaust gas flow state, forming a high-speed counter-attack atomization zone near the exhaust gas inlet to effectively capture high-concentration pollutants; and reducing the spray speed away from the inlet to ensure uniform coverage of the entire cross-section. This not only solves the problem of insufficient contact caused by the fixed spray speed of traditional devices, but also reduces energy consumption and droplet entrainment through precise control, significantly improving the system's purification efficiency and operational stability.

[0030] Reference Figure 10 and Figure 11 The adjustment component 6 includes racks 61 fixedly connected to the two vertical rods 51 in an interlaced distribution. A third gear 62 is rotatably connected to the inside of the liquid storage box 22. The third gear 62 is respectively engaged with the two racks 61. A spring 63 is fixedly connected between one of the vertical rods 51 and the liquid storage box 22.

[0031] Specifically, when one of the vertical rods 51 moves, the rack 61 thereon drives the third gear 62 to rotate, which in turn drives the other rack 61 to move, which in turn drives the other vertical rod 51 to move, squeezing the spring 63. When the vertical rod 51 does not move, the spring 63 resets, driving the vertical rod 51 to reset. The adjustment assembly 6, through the meshing transmission of the rack 61 and the third gear 62, enables the two vertical rods 51 to achieve synchronous reverse movement, ensuring uniform squeezing force on the first hose 53 and avoiding spray rate deviation caused by unilateral squeezing. Combined with the spring 63 reset structure, the degree of squeezing can be automatically adjusted as the exhaust gas flow state changes, forming a closed-loop feedback loop for spray rate regulation. This allows the spray head 23 spray rate to adaptively compensate for fluctuations in exhaust gas operating conditions, ensuring the stability and reliability of gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0032] Reference Figure 9The pushing assembly 7 includes a plurality of pushing plates 71 symmetrically distributed and fixedly connected to the vertical cylinder 21. A pushing rod 72 is fixedly connected to the pushing plate 71. A sealing cylinder 73 is sealingly and slidably connected to the pushing rod 72. The sealing cylinder 73 is fixedly connected to the liquid storage box 22. The pushing rod 72 is sealingly and slidably connected to the liquid storage box 22. A wedge block 74 is fixedly connected to one of the vertical rods 51, and the pushing rod 72 is slidingly connected to the wedge block 74 on the inclined surface.

[0033] Specifically, when the vertical cylinder 21 drives the push plate 71 to rotate, the push rod 72 moves in a circular motion with the push plate 71. After the inclined surface of its distal end contacts the wedge block 74 on the vertical rod 51, it slides upward along the inclined surface of the wedge block 74. At this point, the push rod 72 pushes the sealing cylinder 73, causing the liquid storage box 22 to slide outside the vertical cylinder 21. Simultaneously, the horizontal component of the force exerted by the push rod 72 on the wedge block 74 pushes the vertical rod 51 within the liquid storage box 22. For example, when the push rod 72 rotates close to the outlet 13 of the spiral inlet pipe 12, its inclined surface contacts the wedge block 74, pushing the vertical rod 51 to move, narrowing the distance between the L-shaped rods 52 on the two vertical rods 51, thereby squeezing the first hose 53 and increasing the spray speed of the spray head 23. When the push rod 72 moves away from the outlet 13, the spring 63 resets, causing the vertical rod 51 to move in the opposite direction, widening the distance between the L-shaped rods 52, restoring the deformation of the first hose 53, and reducing the spray speed. During this process, every time the push rod 72 rotates one circle, it will drive the vertical rod 51 to complete a reciprocating movement through the wedge block 74, so that the spray speed of the spray head 23 can be periodically adjusted as the position of the liquid storage box 22 changes, ensuring that the spray speed and the exhaust gas flow rate in different areas of the spiral intake pipe 12 maintain dynamic matching. For example, in areas where the initial exhaust gas flow rate is faster, the spray speed is automatically adjusted to the corresponding speed to form an effective hedge, thereby improving the gas-liquid contact efficiency.

[0034] Example 2, reference Figure 1-Figure 3 , which is the second embodiment of the present invention. This embodiment is different from the first embodiment in that it also includes a liquid inlet component 8, which includes a liquid inlet box 81 fixedly connected to the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder 11, and a liquid inlet pipe 82 fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11. The liquid inlet pipe 82 is communicated with the inner side of the liquid inlet box 81, and the bottom of the liquid inlet box 81 is symmetrically distributed and rotatably connected to multiple second hoses 83. The second hoses 83 pass through the corresponding push plates 71 and extend to the inner side of the liquid storage box 22.

[0035] Specifically, the purified liquid flows from the liquid inlet pipe 82 into the liquid inlet box 81 and is transported to the liquid storage box 22 through the second hose 83 symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the box. The second hose 83 passes through the push plate 71, and its length is designed to adapt to the sliding stroke of the liquid storage box 22 on the outside of the vertical cylinder 21. When the liquid storage box 22 approaches or moves away from the spiral air inlet pipe 12, the second hose 83 can bend freely without affecting the liquid transportation. For example, when the liquid storage box 22 slides toward the spiral air inlet pipe 12, the second hose 83 forms a natural curvature at the point where it passes through the push plate 71, and its inner diameter remains unchanged, ensuring a stable flow rate. A liquid inlet is provided at the top of the liquid inlet box 81 to connect with the liquid inlet pipe 82. At the same time, gravity and hydraulic pressure difference are used to form a stable liquid flow, ensuring that during the dynamic rotation of the liquid storage box 22, each spray head 23 always obtains a continuous supply of purified liquid, meeting the liquid flow requirements under different spray speed adjustments and maintaining continuous operation of the system.

[0036] Reference Figure 12 and Figure 13 , also includes a rotating assembly 9, the rotating assembly 9 includes a connecting shaft 91 rotatably connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11, one end of the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw rod 32, and the other end of the connecting shaft 91 is fixedly sleeved with a frustum column 92. The top of the purification cylinder 11 is also symmetrically provided with two fixed plates 93, one of which is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder 11, and a straight rod 94 is rotatably connected between the two fixed plates 93. The straight rod 94 is slidably connected to the upper limit position of the straight rod 94, and the roller 95 is rollingly connected to the frustum column 92. A threaded rod 96 is also rotatably connected between the two fixed plates 93, and a U-shaped block 97 is threaded on the threaded rod 96. The U-shaped block 97 is slidably connected to the roller 95. A drive motor 98 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 93 at the top, and the output shaft of the drive motor 98 is fixedly connected to the straight rod 94.

[0037] Specifically, the drive motor 98 rotates the straight rod 94, causing the roller 95 to roll along the surface of the cone 92. Friction drives the cone 92 to rotate. Because the upper and lower diameters of the cone 92 are different, the roller 95 moves axially on the threaded rod 96 via the U-shaped block 97, which in turn drives the roller 95 on the straight rod 94. This allows the roller 95 to roll at different diameters on the cone 92, driving the cone 92 to rotate at different speeds, which in turn drives the connecting shaft 91 to rotate at an adjustable speed. The reciprocating screw 32 at one end of the connecting shaft 91 rotates accordingly, driving the telescopic assembly 3 to operate, causing the spray assembly 2 to reciprocate within the purification cylinder 11. The drive motor 98 provides continuous power, which, through the transmission of the straight rod 94, roller 95, and frustum 92, converts the rotational motion into the rotation of the connecting shaft 91. The reciprocating screw 32 then drives the spray assembly 2 to move axially along the vertical cylinder 21, so that the spray head 23 forms a three-dimensional spray area within the purification cylinder 11, enhancing the contact effect with the spiral exhaust gas and improving the exhaust gas treatment efficiency. The remaining structure is the same as that of Example 1.

[0038] Based on Examples 1-2, the operating principle of the present invention is as follows: After the drive motor 98 is activated, its output shaft drives the straight rod 94 to rotate, causing the roller 95 mounted on the straight rod 94 to roll along the surface of the cone 92. Under the action of friction, the cone 92 is driven to rotate. Because the upper and lower diameters of the cone 92 are different, the roller 95 is displaced on the threaded rod 96 via the U-shaped block 97, which in turn drives the roller 95 to move on the straight rod 94, causing the roller 95 to roll at different diameters of the cone 92, thereby driving the connecting shaft 91 to rotate at an adjustable speed. The reciprocating screw 32 fixed at one end of the connecting shaft 91 rotates accordingly, driving the nut 33 to reciprocate on the reciprocating screw 32. The nut 33 pushes and pulls the liquid storage box 22 via the limit bar 34 and the connecting rod 35, causing it to slide toward or away from the spiral air inlet pipe 12 on the outside of the vertical cylinder 21. At the same time, the rotation of the reciprocating screw 32 drives the first gear 43 to rotate. The first gear 43 engages the second gear 44, causing it to rotate in the opposite direction. The second gear 44 then drives the internal gear 42 to rotate synchronously, causing the vertical cylinder 21 to rotate in the opposite direction to the reciprocating screw 32. As the vertical cylinder 21 rotates, the push plate 71 drives the push rod 72 to move in a circular motion. When the end of the push rod 72 contacts the wedge block 74 on the vertical rod 51, it pushes the vertical rod 51 to move within the liquid storage box 22, causing the L-shaped rod 52 to squeeze or release the first hose 53, thereby adjusting the spray speed of the spray head 23. The purified liquid flows from the liquid inlet pipe 82 into the liquid inlet box 81 and is transported to the liquid storage box 22 through the second hose 83 at the bottom of the box. When the liquid storage box 22 moves, the second hose 83 can bend freely to ensure a stable flow rate. In the entire system, the spiral air inlet pipe 12 allows the exhaust gas to enter the purification cylinder 11 in a spiral shape. The vertical cylinder 21 drives the liquid storage box 22 to rotate so that the spray head 23 forms an annular mist curtain. The reciprocating sliding of the liquid storage box 22 is coordinated with the spray speed adjustment to enable the purified liquid to dynamically match and contact the spiral exhaust gas in different areas. By rotating the component 9, the coordination of the reciprocating motion of the spray component 2 and the rotation of the vertical cylinder 21 is achieved, and finally a three-dimensionally covered spray area is formed in the purification cylinder 11, which enhances the contact effect with the exhaust gas and improves the treatment efficiency.

[0039] Example 3, the third embodiment of the present invention, provides: a method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter, comprising the following steps: S1: A porous carrier is selected, etched, expanded, and washed, and then placed above the spiral air inlet pipe 12 in the purification cylinder 11. The exhaust fan 15 is started to cause the acidic waste gas generated by the roasting to rise along the spiral flow channel and come into contact with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed from the spray unit to be neutralized. The purified gas is then discharged through the exhaust pipe 14 to prevent the spillage of pollutants. S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder 11, and then the loaded carrier is placed in the rotary spray area of ​​the cylinder. The spray head 23 is used to rotate and spray to clean excess free metal ions, and the wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 16. At the same time, an inert gas is introduced into the spiral air inlet pipe 12 to dry the carrier to improve the loading uniformity. After loading, the carrier is placed in the purification cylinder 11, and the residual metal ions are washed with the acidic purification liquid of the spray unit. The wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe 16, and the spiral airflow blows the carrier dry. S3: The carrier is placed on a calcination support in the purification cylinder 11 and a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced for reduction. The organic volatiles generated during the reduction process are diffused through the outlet 13 of the spiral air inlet pipe 12 with the air flow and captured by the absorption liquid sprayed from the spray head 23, thereby preventing the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid can help regulate the reduction atmosphere in the cylinder; S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder 11 to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol and other particles generated by the calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head 23. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan 15; at the same time, the spray unit can adjust the spray speed to offset the high-speed airflow to reduce the wear and tear of the catalyst particles.

[0040] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention.

Claims

1. A waste gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation catalyst, comprising a base (1), a purification cylinder (11) provided on the top of the base (1), a spiral air inlet pipe (12) provided in the purification cylinder (11), a plurality of air outlet holes (13) provided in a spiral shape on the spiral air inlet pipe (12), an exhaust pipe (14) provided on the purification cylinder (11), an exhaust fan (15) provided inside the exhaust pipe (14), a liquid outlet pipe (16) provided on the purification cylinder (11), and a valve (17) provided on the liquid outlet pipe (16), characterized in that: It also includes a spray unit arranged in the purification cylinder (11); The spray unit comprises a spray component disposed in the purification cylinder (11), the spray component being provided with an adjustment component, the spray component comprising a spray assembly (2) disposed in the purification cylinder (11), the spray assembly (2) being provided with a telescopic assembly (3) and a transmission assembly (4); The spray component is used to spray the purification liquid into the purification cylinder (11) to fully contact the exhaust gas, and the regulating component is used to regulate the spray speed of the spray component (2); The spray assembly (2) comprises a vertical cylinder (21) arranged inside the purification cylinder (11), a plurality of liquid storage boxes (22) are symmetrically arranged outside the vertical cylinder (21), and a plurality of spray heads (23) are symmetrically arranged on each liquid storage box (22), and the spray speed of the spray head (23) can be adjusted.

2. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The telescopic assembly (3) includes through holes (31) symmetrically distributed on the vertical cylinder (21), two reciprocating screw rods (32) symmetrically distributed on the inner side of the vertical cylinder (21), the two reciprocating screw rods (32) are fixedly connected, a nut (33) is provided on each of the two reciprocating screw rods (32), and each nut (33) is provided with a plurality of limiting bars (34), the limiting bars (34) are slidably connected to the inner side of the corresponding through hole (31), and a connecting rod (35) is provided between the limiting bar (34) and the corresponding liquid storage box (22).

3. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The transmission assembly (4) includes a rotating plate (41) arranged on the vertical cylinder (21), the rotating plate (41) is rotatably connected to the purification cylinder (11), a groove is provided at the bottom of the purification cylinder (11), an internal gear (42) is provided on the rotating plate (41), a first gear (43) is provided at the bottom of the vertical cylinder (21), the first gear (43) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw (32), a second gear (44) is provided inside the groove, and the second gear (44) is meshed with the first gear (43) and the internal gear (42), respectively.

4. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 1, characterized in that: The regulating component comprises an extrusion component (5) and an regulating component (6) arranged inside the liquid storage box (22), and a pushing component (7) is arranged on the top of the liquid storage box (22); The extrusion assembly (5) comprises two vertical rods (51) symmetrically arranged on the inner side of the liquid storage box (22), a plurality of L-shaped rods (52) being staggeredly arranged on the two vertical rods (51), a first hose (53) being arranged at the liquid inlet end of each of the plurality of spray heads (23), and each first hose (53) being located between the two opposite L-shaped rods (52).

5. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The adjustment assembly (6) includes racks (61) arranged on two vertical rods (51) in a staggered distribution. A third gear (62) is provided inside the liquid storage box (22). The third gear (62) is respectively engaged with the two racks (61). A spring (63) is provided between one of the vertical rods (51) and the liquid storage box (22).

6. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 4, characterized in that: The pushing assembly (7) comprises a plurality of pushing plates (71) symmetrically distributed and arranged on the vertical cylinder (21), a pushing rod (72) being arranged on the pushing plate (71), a sealing cylinder (73) being arranged on the pushing rod (72), the sealing cylinder (73) being fixedly connected to the liquid storage box (22), the pushing rod (72) being sealingly and slidingly connected to the liquid storage box (22), one of the vertical rods (51) being provided with a wedge block (74), the pushing rod (72) being slidingly connected to the wedge block (74) via an inclined surface.

7. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 6, characterized in that: The liquid inlet assembly (8) further comprises a liquid inlet box (81) arranged at the top of the inner side of the purification cylinder (11), a liquid inlet pipe (82) is arranged at the top of the purification cylinder (11), the liquid inlet pipe (82) is communicated with the inner side of the liquid inlet box (81), and a plurality of second hoses (83) are symmetrically distributed at the bottom of the liquid inlet box (81), and the second hoses (83) pass through the corresponding push plates (71) and extend to the inner side of the liquid storage box (22).

8. The exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter according to claim 2, characterized in that: The utility model also includes a rotating assembly (9), wherein the rotating assembly (9) includes a connecting shaft (91) arranged at the top of the purification cylinder (11), one end of the connecting shaft (91) is fixedly connected to the reciprocating screw (32), and the other end of the connecting shaft (91) is provided with a truncated cone column (92). The top of the purification cylinder (11) is also symmetrically provided with two fixed plates (93), one of which is fixedly connected to the top of the purification cylinder (11), a straight rod (94) is provided between the two fixed plates (93), a roller (95) is provided on the straight rod (94), and the roller (95) is rollingly connected to the truncated cone column (92), a threaded rod (96) is further provided between the two fixed plates (93), a U-shaped block (97) is provided on the threaded rod (96), and the U-shaped block (97) is slidingly connected to the roller (95), and a driving motor (98) is provided on the fixed plate (93) located at the top, and the output shaft of the driving motor (98) is fixedly connected to the straight rod (94).

9. A method for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter, applied to the exhaust gas treatment system for preparing a benzene partial hydrogenation promoter as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: After the porous carrier is selected and pore-enlarged by acid etching and washed, it is placed above the spiral air inlet pipe (12) in the purification cylinder (11). The exhaust fan (15) is started to make the acidic waste gas generated by the roasting rise along the spiral flow channel and contact with the alkaline purification liquid sprayed from the spray unit to neutralize it. The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust pipe (14) to prevent the pollutants from overflowing; S2: The metal salt solution is loaded onto the carrier outside the purification cylinder (11), and then the loaded carrier is placed into the rotary spraying area inside the cylinder. The spray head (23) is used to rotate and spray to clean the excess free metal ions, and the wastewater is discharged through the liquid outlet pipe (16). At the same time, inert gas is introduced into the spiral air inlet pipe (12) to dry the carrier to improve the uniformity of the load; S3: The carrier is placed on a baking support in the purification cylinder (11), and a hydrogen-nitrogen mixed gas is introduced for reduction. The organic volatiles generated during the reduction process are diffused along with the air flow through the outlet (13) of the spiral air inlet pipe (12) and captured by the absorption liquid sprayed from the spray head (23), thereby preventing the accumulation of waste gas during the reduction process. At the same time, the temperature of the spray liquid can assist in regulating the reduction atmosphere in the cylinder; S4: The formed catalyst particles are calcined at high temperature in the purification cylinder (11) to stabilize the crystal form. The zinc-containing aerosol and other particles generated by the calcination flow with the spiral exhaust gas and are captured by the annular liquid curtain formed by the spray head (23). The purified gas is discharged through the exhaust fan (15); at the same time, the spray unit can adjust the spray speed to offset the high-speed airflow to reduce the wear and tear of the catalyst particles.

10. The method for preparing a co-catalyst for partial hydrogenation of benzene according to claim 9, wherein: In said S2, after loading, the carrier is placed in a purification cylinder (11), and the residual metal ions are washed with an acidic purification liquid from a spray unit, and the waste water is discharged through a liquid outlet pipe (16), while the spiral airflow blows the carrier dry.

Images