Heating and cooling device of thick-wall ultrahigh-pressure container

Abstract

The invention discloses a heating and cooling device of a thick-wall ultrahigh-pressure container. The heating and cooling device comprises a heat preservation and insulation layer, an upper collection cavity and a lower collection cavity, the heat preservation and insulation layer is made of a heat preservation and insulation material; an induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the heat preservation and insulation layer and used for conducting induction heating on the container. An annular space is formed between the inner wall of the heat preservation and insulation layer and the outer wall of the container, a flow guide plate is arranged in the annular space and forms a cooling channel spirally ascending around the container in the annular space, and the cooling channel is used for allowing cold air to pass through and guiding the cold air; the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are respectively communicated with the upper end and the lower end of the cooling channel, and are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; the air outlet is externally connected with an exhaust pipeline, the air inlet is externally connected with a fan and a cold source in sequence through an air inlet pipeline, the cold source is used for providing cold air, the fan is used for converting the cold air into cold air and continuously conveying the cold air, and the cold source and the fan are uniformly controlled by a cooling control system. The device is high in heating speed, relatively fast and uniform in cooling, small in occupied area and easy to maintain.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a pressure vessel, in particular to a heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure vessel. Background Art

[0002] Temperature control is usually also involved when testing pressure vessels. For example, under high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure test conditions, the pressure vessel needs to be heated and kept warm for a period of time before cooling down. Currently, the heating methods for pressure vessels are generally resistance wire heating, electric hot air heating, thermal oil heating, etc. Resistance wire heating has low efficiency, slow heating speed, and is not suitable for thick-walled containers. Electric hot air heating occupies a large area and has high civil engineering costs. Thermal oil heating has a long start-up preheating time, high energy consumption, is not suitable for high-temperature heating above 300°C, and has high maintenance costs. Currently, the heating methods for pressure vessels are generally natural cooling and water cooling. Natural cooling takes a long time to cool down and is not suitable for thick-walled containers (cooling time can be as long as more than ten hours). Water cooling requires the additional design of a water circulation system, has high sealing requirements, and has high maintenance costs.

[0003] Therefore, for thick-walled ultra-high-pressure containers with heating and cooling requirements, such as containers with working pressures of up to hundreds of MPa, working temperatures up to 400°C, and wall thicknesses of tens of centimeters, the on-site space is limited and the outer wall requires uniform heat dissipation. Current heating and cooling devices cannot meet the requirements of good effect, small footprint, and easy maintenance. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The object of the present invention is to provide a heating and cooling device for thick-walled ultra-high pressure containers, which has a fast heating speed, relatively fast and uniform cooling, takes up little space, and is easy to maintain.

[0005] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is: A heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container, comprising a thermal insulation layer, an upper collecting cavity and a lower collecting cavity which are sleeved on the container; the thermal insulation layer is made of a material that can keep heat insulated; an induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the thermal insulation layer, and the induction coil is used to induction heat the container; there is an annulus between the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer and the outer wall of the container, and a guide plate is provided in the annulus, and the guide plate forms a cooling channel which spirals up around the container in the annulus, and the cooling channel is used to pass and guide cold air; the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the cooling channel, and the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are respectively provided with an air outlet and an air inlet; the air outlet is externally connected to an exhaust duct, and the air inlet is connected to a fan and a cold source in turn through the air inlet duct, the cold source is used to provide cold air, and the fan is used to form the cold air into cold wind and continuously transport it, and the cold source and the fan are uniformly controlled by a cooling control system.

[0006] Preferably, the upper collecting cavity, thermal insulation layer and lower collecting cavity are sequentially sleeved on a certain section of the container, and there are annular cavities between the upper collecting cavity, the lower collecting cavity and the container. The inner ring of the upper collecting cavity facing outward is sealed with the outer wall of the container, and the inner side is connected to the upper end of the cooling channel. The inner ring of the lower collecting cavity facing outward is sealed with the outer wall of the container, and the inner side is connected to the lower end of the cooling channel. The air outlet and the air inlet are respectively arranged on the sides of the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity.

[0007] Preferably, the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are connected by components to form an external frame of the container, the thermal insulation layer is installed between the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity, and the guide plate is connected and installed on the external frame.

[0008] Preferably, a flow balancing network is provided at the fan outlet or on the air inlet duct adjacent to the fan outlet.

[0009] Preferably, the cold source is a refrigeration air-conditioning unit, which is based on a vapor compression refrigeration cycle and realizes heat transfer through refrigerant phase change, thereby generating cold air.

[0010] Preferably, the fan is a high-temperature resistant variable-frequency industrial fan with a protection level of IP55 or above.

[0011] Preferably, a temperature detection component is provided near the air inlet of the air inlet duct, and the cooling control system is electrically connected to the temperature detection component; during the cooling process, at startup, the cooling control system controls the fan to adopt the set initial wind speed. After running for a period of time, the cooling control system is controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection component. When the detected temperature drop rate is within the set normal value range, the cooling control system maintains the initial wind speed. When the detected temperature drop rate is slower than the set normal value, the cooling control system controls the fan to increase the wind speed by one level. If the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the current wind speed is maintained. If the temperature drop rate is not detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the wind speed continues to be increased by one level, and it is increased step by step until the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range. When the detected temperature rises, the cooling control system controls to shut down the cold source and the fan and alarms.

[0012] Preferably, a database is formed based on experimental statistics and simulations to obtain wind speed levels that maintain the temperature drop rate within a normal range during the cooling stage under different heating temperatures and different insulation times during the heating stage; during the cooling process, the cooling control system uses the database to give corresponding wind speed levels for the heating temperatures and insulation times during the heating stage and use them as the set initial wind speed.

[0013] Preferably, during the cooling process, the cooling control system monitors the status of the fan in real time. When the fan load reaches the set threshold, the cooling control system controls the fan to reduce the wind speed by one level. Thereafter, it only ensures that the detected temperature continues to drop, and no longer requires the detected temperature drop rate to be within the set normal value range.

[0014] Preferably, during the cooling process, the cooling control system monitors the status of the fan and the cold source in real time. When the fan or the cold source operates abnormally, the cooling control system controls to shut down the cold source and the fan and sounds an alarm.

[0015] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: During heating, the induction coil is energized and induces heating on the container. The container heats up rapidly, and the thermal insulation layer prevents the heat of the container from radiating outward. During cooling, the cold source operates to generate cold air, and the fan operates to form the cold air into cold wind and continuously transports it. The cold air first enters the lower collecting cavity through the air inlet, then enters the cooling channel through the lower collecting cavity, and then spirals up around the container, taking away the heat of the container at the same time, and then carries the heat into the upper collecting cavity, and finally is discharged to the exhaust duct through the air outlet. The device uses electromagnetic induction heating, which features fast heating (temperature rises in seconds), precise temperature control (±1°C), a small footprint, and non-contact heating for easy maintenance. It also uses forced air cooling, which results in a relatively fast cooling rate. Furthermore, the guide vanes form a spiral cooling channel within the annulus, which not only extends the path for the cold air but also allows for full contact between the cold air and the outer wall of the container, while also guiding the cold air in an orderly manner. This reduces turbulent flow losses and avoids turbulent airflow. It allows the cold air to evenly contact the outer wall of the container, avoiding cooling dead corners and achieving uniform cooling without local overcooling or overheating. Field tests have found that the device's test duration has been shortened by 40%, meeting the needs of two high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure tests per day. The device adopts forced air cooling for cooling, which has lower sealing requirements than water cooling. There is no need to worry about air leakage causing equipment short circuit problems. The energy consumption is also lower than water cooling and it is easy to maintain. The device only puts a thermal insulation layer, an upper collecting cavity and a lower collecting cavity on the container, which occupies a small space on the outer layer of the container, effectively saving civil engineering space. In the device, the thermal insulation layer can prevent the heat of the container from radiating outward during heating, and can also prevent the cold air from absorbing heat outward during cooling. In the device, the cold air passes through the lower collecting cavity, the cooling channel and the upper collecting cavity from bottom to top. The lower collecting cavity is used to connect the air inlet duct and the cooling channel, and the upper collecting cavity is used to connect the cooling channel and the exhaust duct. Both the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity play a role in stabilizing the flow. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application, the following is a brief introduction to the drawings required for use in the embodiments. It should be understood that the following drawings only show certain embodiments of the present application and therefore should not be regarded as limiting the scope. For ordinary technicians in this field, other relevant drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.

[0017] Figure 1 It is a longitudinal sectional view of the portion surrounding the container in the heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container of the present invention.

[0018] Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional view of the heating and cooling device of the thick-walled ultra-high pressure container of the present invention.

[0019] In the figure: 1-upper collecting cavity; 2-container; 3-thermal insulation layer; 4-guide plate; 5-induction coil; 6-cooling channel; 7-air inlet; 8-lower collecting cavity; 9-air outlet; 10-external frame; 11-exhaust duct; 12-air inlet duct; 13-temperature detection element; 14-flow balancing network; 15-fan; 16-cold source; 17-cooling control system. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0020] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present application more clear, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present application. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present application, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present application described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0021] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present application provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. All other embodiments obtained by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments in the present application without creative work are within the scope of protection of the present application.

[0022] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0023] In the description of this application, it should be noted that the terms "upper", "lower", "inside", "outside", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings, or are the orientations or positional relationships in which the product of the application is usually placed when in use. They are only for the convenience of describing this application and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be understood as limitations on this application.

[0024] It should also be noted that, in the description of this application, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediary. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in this application based on the specific circumstances.

[0025] The features and performance of the present application are further described in detail below with reference to the embodiments.

[0026] Example 1 This embodiment discloses a heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container, such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, it includes a thermal insulation layer 3, an induction coil 5, a guide plate 4, an upper collecting cavity 1, a lower collecting cavity 8, an exhaust pipe 11, an air inlet pipe 12, a fan 15, a cold source 16 and a cooling control system 17; wherein: the thermal insulation layer 3 is made of a material that can keep heat insulated, the thermal insulation layer 3 is sleeved on the container 2, and there is an annulus between the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer 3 and the outer wall of the container 2, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The induction coil 5 is wound around the outer wall of the thermal insulation layer 3, and the induction coil 5 is used for induction heating of the container 2. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The guide plate 4 is provided in the annulus, and the guide plate 4 forms a cooling channel 6 spirally rising around the container in the annulus. The cooling channel 6 is used to pass and guide the cold air. Figure 1 and Figure 2 The upper cavity 1 is set on the container 2, the upper cavity 1 is connected to the upper end of the cooling channel 6, the upper cavity 1 is provided with an air outlet 9, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 The lower cavity 8 is set on the container 2, the lower cavity 8 is connected to the lower end of the cooling channel 6, the lower cavity 8 is provided with an air inlet 7, see Figure 1 and Figure 2 ; The exhaust duct 11 is connected to the air outlet 9, and the exhaust duct 11 is located outside, see Figure 2 ; The air inlet duct 12 is connected to the air inlet 7, and the air inlet duct 12 is located outside, see Figure 2The fan 15 and the cold source 16 are connected to the air inlet pipe 12 in sequence, the cold source 16 is used to provide cold air, the fan 15 is used to form cold air and continuously transport the cold air, see Figure 2 ; Cooling control system 17 is used to uniformly control the cooling source 16 and the fan 15, see Figure 2 During heating, the induction coil 5 is energized and induces heating to the container 2. The container 2 heats up rapidly, and the thermal insulation layer 3 prevents the heat of the container 2 from radiating outward. During cooling, the cold source 16 operates to generate cold air, and the fan 15 operates to form the cold air into cold wind and continuously transports it. The cold wind first enters the lower collecting cavity 8 through the air inlet 7, then enters the cooling channel 6 through the lower collecting cavity 8, and then spirals up around the container 2, taking away the heat of the container 2 at the same time, and then carries the heat into the upper collecting cavity 1, and finally is discharged to the exhaust duct 11 through the air outlet 9.

[0027] In this embodiment, preferably: Figure 1 As shown, the upper collecting cavity 1, the thermal insulation layer 3 and the lower collecting cavity 8 are sequentially sleeved on a certain section of the container 2. There are annular cavities between the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8 and the container 2. The inner ring of the outward side of the upper collecting cavity 1 is sealed with the outer wall of the container 2, and the inward side is connected with the upper end of the cooling channel 6. The inner ring of the outward side of the lower collecting cavity 8 is sealed with the outer wall of the container 2, and the inward side is connected with the lower end of the cooling channel 6. The air outlet 9 and the air inlet 7 are respectively arranged on the sides of the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8; this structure facilitates the installation and arrangement of the exhaust duct 11 and the air inlet duct 12.

[0028] In this embodiment, preferably: the upper collecting chamber 1 and the lower collecting chamber 8 are connected by components to form the external frame 10 of the container 2, the thermal insulation layer 3 is installed between the upper collecting chamber 1 and the lower collecting chamber 8, and the guide plate 4 is connected and installed on the external frame 10; the upper collecting chamber 1, the lower collecting chamber 8, the thermal insulation layer 3, and the guide plate 4 are connected into a whole, which can be directly put on the container 2 after assembly, and is convenient for disassembly and assembly.

[0029] In this embodiment, preferably: Figure 2 As shown, a flow balancing net 14 is provided at the outlet of the fan 15 or on the air inlet duct 12 adjacent to the outlet of the fan 15; the flow balancing net 14 can make the turbulent and uneven airflow become smooth, uniform, and consistent in direction, reduce vortices and dead corners in the airflow, and make the cold air delivered to the downstream more stable.

[0030] In this embodiment, preferably, the cold source 16 adopts a refrigeration air-conditioning unit, which is based on a vapor compression refrigeration cycle and realizes heat transfer through refrigerant phase change, thereby generating cold air.

[0031] In this embodiment, preferably, the fan 15 is a high-temperature resistant variable-frequency industrial fan with a protection grade of IP55 or above.

[0032] According to the above scheme, we can know that: The device uses electromagnetic induction heating, which has a fast heating speed (temperature rises in seconds), precise temperature control (±1°C), small footprint, non-contact heating and easy maintenance; the device uses forced air cooling for cooling, and the cooling speed is relatively fast, and the guide plate 4 forms a spiral cooling channel 6 in the annulus, which not only extends the passage path of the cold air, but also allows the cold air to fully contact the outer wall of the container 2, and can also guide the cold air in an orderly manner, thereby reducing the turbulent loss of the cold air and avoiding turbulent airflow. It can allow the cold air to evenly contact the outer wall of the container 2, avoid cooling dead corners, and achieve uniform cooling without local overcooling or overheating. Field tests found that the test time of the device was shortened by 40%, which can meet the needs of two high-temperature and ultra-high-pressure tests a day.

[0033] The device adopts forced air cooling, which has lower sealing requirements than water cooling. There is no need to worry about air leakage causing equipment short circuit problems. The energy consumption is also lower than water cooling and it is easy to maintain. The device only puts the thermal insulation layer 3, the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8 on the container 2, and occupies a small space outside the container 2, which effectively saves civil engineering space.

[0034] In this device, the thermal insulation layer 3 can not only prevent the heat of the container 2 from radiating outward during heating, but also prevent the cold air from absorbing heat outward during cooling; in this device, the cold air passes through the lower collecting cavity 8, the cooling channel 6 and the upper collecting cavity 1 from bottom to top, the lower collecting cavity 8 is used to connect the air inlet duct 12 and the cooling channel 6, and the upper collecting cavity 1 is used to connect the cooling channel 6 and the exhaust duct 11, and the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8 both play a role in stabilizing the flow.

[0035] Example 2 This embodiment provides a method for controlling the temperature drop of the heating and cooling device of the thick-walled ultra-high pressure container: Figure 2 As shown, a temperature detection element 13 is provided near the air inlet 7 of the air inlet duct 12, and a cooling control system 17 is electrically connected to the temperature detection element 13; during the cooling process, at startup, the cooling control system 17 controls the fan 15 to adopt a set initial wind speed. After running for a period of time, the cooling control system 17 is controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection element 13. When the detected temperature drop rate is within the set normal value range, the cooling control system 17 maintains the initial wind speed. When the detected temperature drop rate is slower than the set normal value, the cooling control system 17 controls the fan 15 to increase the wind speed by one level. If the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the current wind speed is maintained. If the temperature drop rate is not detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the wind speed is continued to be increased by one level, and it is increased step by step until the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range. When the detected temperature rises, the cooling control system 17 controls to shut down the cold source 16 and the fan 15 and alarms.

[0036] Since the wall thickness of container 2 is relatively large, its heat storage capacity is also very large after heating. During the cooling stage, cold air needs to pass continuously to gradually cool down the container, and the effect will only appear after a certain period of time. In addition, when the heating temperature and insulation time in the heating stage are different, the heat storage and heat distribution will also be different. Therefore, the cooling effect of air cooling with the same wind speed in the cooling stage will also be different. In order to achieve a good cooling effect under different heating temperatures and insulation times, the overall cooling control strategy is to first use the set initial air volume for a period of time, and then adjust the wind speed according to the cooling effect (since the cold air's passage path is fixed, the cooling capacity of the cold source remains unchanged, only the wind speed is changed). This leads to two questions: one is how to feedback the cooling effect? ​​The other is how to make adjustments? Specifically: Regarding the first question, first, when the induction coil 5 is working, it will produce electromagnetic influence on the electronic devices in the annulus, and the temperature detection component 13 cannot be installed in the annulus, so the temperature changes in the annulus cannot be obtained. Secondly, although the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8 are directly affected by the thermal radiation of the container 2 and can respond to temperature changes very well, the cold air has a steady flow process here, which will interfere with the temperature changes. Therefore, the temperature changes in the upper collecting cavity 1 and the lower collecting cavity 8 are inaccurate. This application chooses to detect the temperature of the air inlet duct 12 near the air inlet 7. The temperature here is within the range of thermal radiation influence of the container 2 but will not be affected by other deviation factors. Theoretically, before the cooling is turned on, the temperature here is the highest. After cooling for a period of time at the set initial wind speed, it will enter a continuous cooling stage. Therefore, collecting the temperature here and the temperature drop rate can provide feedback on the cooling effect.

[0037] Regarding the second question, the present application uses wind speed as the control quantity and temperature drop rate as the reference quantity, and adjusts the wind speed step by step according to the temperature drop rate, which not only ensures that the temperature drop rate is within the appropriate normal value range (avoiding slow cooling and wasting working hours), but also reduces energy waste (avoiding cooling at excessive wind speed). Moreover, when a temperature increase is detected, it indicates that the cold source 16 and / or the fan 15 has failed, and the shutdown alarm is triggered.

[0038] In this embodiment, preferably, a database is generated based on experimental statistics and simulations to determine wind speed levels that maintain a normal temperature drop rate during the cooling phase at different heating temperatures and holding times during the heating phase. During the cooling process, the cooling control system 17 uses this database to assign corresponding wind speed levels to the heating temperatures and holding times during the heating phase, setting these as the initial wind speeds. This method allows for the selection of the optimal initial wind speed, thereby achieving the optimal cooling state as quickly as possible.

[0039] In this embodiment, preferably, during the cooling process, the cooling control system monitors the status of fan 15 in real time. When the load of fan 15 reaches a set threshold, cooling control system 17 controls fan 15 to reduce its wind speed by one level. Thereafter, it only ensures that the detected temperature continues to decrease, and no longer requires that the detected temperature drop rate remain within a set normal range. This method prioritizes load protection for fan 15, preventing damage from overload, while also reducing noise and energy consumption.

[0040] In this embodiment, preferably, during the cooling process, the cooling control system 17 monitors the status of the fan 15 and the cooling source 16 in real time. When the fan 15 or the cooling source 16 malfunctions, the cooling control system 17 controls the cooling source 16 and the fan 15 to be shut down and an alarm is issued. This method not only indirectly monitors the fan 15 and the cooling source 16 by using the detected temperature, but also directly monitors the fan 15 and the cooling source 16. This dual monitoring ensures that any malfunction of the fan 15 or the cooling source 16 can be promptly addressed.

[0041] The embodiments described above are part of the embodiments of the present application, rather than all of the embodiments. The detailed description of the embodiments of the present application is not intended to limit the scope of the present application for protection, but merely represents selected embodiments of the present application. Based on the embodiments in the present application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

Claims

1. A heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container, characterized in that: It includes a thermal insulation layer, an upper collecting cavity and a lower collecting cavity which are sleeved on the container; the thermal insulation layer is made of a material that can keep heat insulated; an induction coil is wound on the outer wall of the thermal insulation layer, and the induction coil is used to induction heat the container; there is an annulus between the inner wall of the thermal insulation layer and the outer wall of the container, and a guide plate is provided in the annulus, and the guide plate forms a cooling channel which spirals up around the container in the annulus, and the cooling channel is used to pass and guide cold air; the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are respectively connected to the upper and lower ends of the cooling channel, and an air outlet and an air inlet are respectively provided on the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity; the air outlet is externally connected to an exhaust duct, and the air inlet is connected to a fan and a cold source in turn through an air inlet duct, the cold source is used to provide cold air, and the fan is used to form cold air into cold wind and continuously transport it, and the cold source and the fan are uniformly controlled by a cooling control system.

2. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 1, characterized in that: The upper collecting cavity, thermal insulation layer and lower collecting cavity are sequentially sleeved on a certain section of the container. There are annular cavities between the upper collecting cavity, the lower collecting cavity and the container. The inner ring of the upper collecting cavity facing outward is sealed with the outer wall of the container, and the inner side is connected to the upper end of the cooling channel. The inner ring of the lower collecting cavity facing outward is sealed with the outer wall of the container, and the inner side is connected to the lower end of the cooling channel. The air outlet and the air inlet are respectively arranged on the sides of the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity.

3. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 2, characterized in that: The upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity are connected by components to form an external frame of the container. The thermal insulation layer is installed between the upper collecting cavity and the lower collecting cavity, and the guide plate is connected and installed on the external frame.

4. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 1, wherein: A flow equalizing network is provided at the fan outlet or on the air inlet duct adjacent to the fan outlet.

5. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 1, wherein: The cold source adopts a refrigerated air-conditioning unit, which is based on a vapor compression refrigeration cycle and realizes heat transfer through the phase change of the refrigerant to generate cold air.

6. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 1, wherein: The fan adopts high temperature resistant variable frequency industrial fan with protection grade of IP55 or above.

7. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: A temperature detection device is provided near the air inlet of the air inlet duct, and the cooling control system is electrically connected to the temperature detection device; during the cooling process, at startup, the cooling control system controls the fan to adopt the set initial wind speed. After running for a period of time, the cooling control system is controlled according to the temperature detected by the temperature detection device. When the detected temperature drop rate is within the set normal value range, the cooling control system maintains the initial wind speed. When the detected temperature drop rate is slower than the set normal value, the cooling control system controls the fan to increase the wind speed by one level. If the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the current wind speed is maintained. If the temperature drop rate is not detected to return to the set normal value range within a certain period of time, the wind speed continues to be increased by one level, and it is increased step by step until the temperature drop rate is detected to return to the set normal value range. When the detected temperature rises, the cooling control system controls to shut down the cold source and the fan and alarms.

8. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 7, wherein: Based on experimental statistics and simulations, the wind speed levels that maintain the temperature drop rate within the normal range during the cooling stage under different heating temperatures and different holding times in the heating stage are obtained to form a database; during the cooling process, the cooling control system uses the database to give the corresponding wind speed level for the heating temperature and holding time in the heating stage and uses it as the set initial wind speed.

9. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 7, wherein: During the cooling process, the cooling control system monitors the status of the fan in real time. When the fan load reaches the set threshold, the cooling control system controls the fan to reduce the wind speed by one level. After that, it only ensures that the detected temperature continues to drop, and no longer requires the detected temperature drop rate to be within the set normal value range.

10. The heating and cooling device for a thick-walled ultra-high pressure container according to claim 7, wherein: During the cooling process, the cooling control system monitors the status of the fan and the cooling source in real time. When the fan or the cooling source works abnormally, the cooling control system controls the cooling source and the fan to be shut down and an alarm is issued.

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