Innocent treatment method of industrial byproduct solid waste

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of industrial solid wastes, and aims to provide a harmless treatment method of industrial byproduct solid wastes, which comprises the steps of pretreatment, chemical stabilization, microbial degradation, pyrolysis treatment, tail gas purification and the like. Through a method of combining chemical stabilization, microbial degradation and pyrolysis treatment, harmful substances in industrial byproduct solid wastes can be effectively removed, so that the industrial byproduct solid wastes reach harmless standards, pollution to the environment is reduced, combustible gas generated in the pyrolysis process can be recycled as energy, and environmental pollution is reduced. Solid residues after pyrolysis can be used as raw materials of building materials, so that cyclic utilization of resources is realized, and good economic benefits are achieved. Closed operation is adopted, tail gas is discharged after reaching the standard after being purified, leakage of harmful gas is avoided, environment friendliness is achieved, microbial degradation and pyrolysis treatment are combined, treatment time is shortened, treatment efficiency is improved, and energy consumption is reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of industrial solid waste, and in particular relates to a method for harmlessly treating industrial by-product solid waste. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of industry, the amount of solid waste generated as an industrial byproduct is increasing. This waste often contains a variety of hazardous substances, such as heavy metals and organic pollutants, posing a serious threat to the environment and human health. Traditional disposal methods, such as landfilling and incineration, present numerous problems. Landfilling requires significant land resources and can leach hazardous substances into the soil and groundwater; incineration, on the other hand, produces harmful gases, polluting the air. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a method for harmlessly treating industrial by-product solid waste to solve the problems raised in the above background technology.

[0004] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: 1. A method for harmless treatment of industrial by-product solid waste, comprising the following steps: S1: Pretreatment: Crushing and screening industrial by-product solid waste to remove large impurities and unprocessable substances. The particle size of the crushed waste is controlled to be below 5mm. S2: Chemical stabilization: The pretreated waste is mixed with a chemical stabilizer and stirred to form stable compounds with the heavy metal ions in the waste; S3: Microbial degradation: The chemically stabilized waste and microbial agents are transported to the bioreactor, stirred and mixed, and degraded for 7 days at a temperature of 30-35°C and a humidity of 60%-70%; S4: Pyrolysis treatment: The waste after microbial degradation is subjected to pyrolysis treatment. The combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis process is recovered through a condenser and used as energy. The solid residue after pyrolysis is mainly inorganic matter and can be used as raw materials for building materials. S5: Tail gas purification: The tail gas generated during the pyrolysis process is purified by a combination of activated carbon adsorption and catalytic oxidation. The tail gas purification specifically includes: first, the tail gas passes through an activated carbon adsorption tower to adsorb organic pollutants; then, the adsorbed tail gas enters a catalytic oxidation reactor, where the harmful gases are oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of the catalyst to meet emission standards.

[0005] In step S2, the chemical stabilizer includes calcium hydroxide, ferrous sulfate and diatomaceous earth, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:2:3.

[0006] In step S2, the chemical stabilization reaction is carried out in a stirred tank with a stirring speed of 300 r / min and a reaction time of 30 to 40 min.

[0007] In step S3, the microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas and yeast, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:1.

[0008] In step S4, the pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 500-600° C., and the pyrolysis time is 2-2.5 hours.

[0009] In step S5, the adsorption time of the activated carbon adsorption tower is 1 hour, and the reaction time of the catalytic oxidation reactor is 2 hours.

[0010] In summary, due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the beneficial effects of the present invention are: The present invention, through a method combining chemical stabilization, microbial degradation, and pyrolysis, can effectively remove harmful substances from industrial byproduct solid waste, achieving harmlessness standards and reducing environmental pollution. The combustible gases generated during the pyrolysis process can be recycled as energy, and the solid residues after pyrolysis can be used as raw materials for building materials, achieving resource recycling and having good economic benefits. The present invention adopts a closed-loop operation, and the tail gas is purified and discharged in compliance with emission standards, avoiding leakage of harmful gases and being environmentally friendly. Furthermore, the combination of microbial degradation and pyrolysis shortens the processing time, improves processing efficiency, and reduces energy consumption. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0011] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention clearer, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in combination with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments.

[0012] Therefore, the detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided below is not intended to limit the scope of the claimed invention, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Example

[0013] Pretreatment: 1000 kg of industrial by-product solid waste generated by a chemical plant was taken and crushed to a particle size of less than 5 mm using a crusher. Then, large impurities were removed by screening to obtain 800 kg of pretreated waste.

[0014] Chemical stabilization: The pretreated waste is mixed with a chemical stabilizer consisting of 100 kg of calcium hydroxide, 200 kg of ferrous sulfate, and 300 kg of diatomaceous earth. The mixture is placed in a stirred tank and stirred at 300 rpm for 30 minutes to stabilize the heavy metal ions in the waste.

[0015] Microbial degradation: Chemically stabilized waste is mixed with a microbial agent consisting of 10 kg of Bacillus subtilis, 10 kg of Pseudomonas, and 10 kg of yeast. The mixture is placed in a bioreactor, controlled at a temperature of 30°C and a humidity of 60%, and allowed to degrade for seven days, breaking down the organic pollutants in the waste into carbon dioxide and water.

[0016] Pyrolysis: The waste after microbial degradation is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 500°C for 2 hours. The combustible gases produced during the pyrolysis process are recovered through a condenser, yielding 100 cubic meters of combustible gas. The solid residue after pyrolysis is an inorganic substance that can be used as a raw material for building materials.

[0017] Tail gas purification: The tail gas generated during the pyrolysis process first passes through an activated carbon adsorption tower to adsorb organic pollutants; then it enters a catalytic oxidation reactor, where the harmful gases are oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of the catalyst. After testing, the tail gas meets the emission standards. Example

[0018] Pretreatment: 1500kg of industrial by-product solid waste generated by a metal smelter was taken and crushed to a particle size of less than 5mm using a crusher. Then, large impurities were removed by screening to obtain 1200kg of pretreated waste.

[0019] Chemical stabilization: The pretreated waste is mixed with a chemical stabilizer consisting of 150kg of calcium hydroxide, 300kg of ferrous sulfate, and 450kg of diatomaceous earth. The mixture is placed in a stirred tank and stirred at 300 rpm for 30 minutes to stabilize the heavy metal ions in the waste.

[0020] Microbial degradation: Chemically stabilized waste is mixed with a microbial agent consisting of 15kg of Bacillus subtilis, 15kg of Pseudomonas, and 15kg of yeast. The mixture is placed in a bioreactor, controlled at a temperature of 35°C and a humidity of 70%, and allowed to degrade for seven days, breaking down the organic pollutants in the waste into carbon dioxide and water.

[0021] Pyrolysis: The waste after microbial degradation is pyrolyzed at a temperature of 600°C for two hours. The combustible gases produced during the pyrolysis process are recovered through a condenser, yielding 150 cubic meters of combustible gas. The solid residue after pyrolysis is an inorganic substance that can be used as a raw material for building materials.

[0022] Tail gas purification: The tail gas generated during the pyrolysis process first passes through an activated carbon adsorption tower to adsorb organic pollutants; then it enters a catalytic oxidation reactor, where the harmful gases are oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of the catalyst. After testing, the tail gas meets the emission standards.

Claims

1. A method for harmless treatment of industrial by-product solid waste, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1: Pretreatment: Crushing and screening industrial by-product solid waste to remove large impurities and unprocessable substances. The particle size of the crushed waste is controlled to be below 5mm. S2: Chemical stabilization: The pretreated waste is mixed with a chemical stabilizer and stirred to form stable compounds with the heavy metal ions in the waste; S3: Microbial degradation: The chemically stabilized waste and microbial agents are transported to the bioreactor, stirred and mixed, and degraded for 7 days at a temperature of 30-35°C and a humidity of 60%-70%; S4: Pyrolysis treatment: The waste after microbial degradation is subjected to pyrolysis treatment. The combustible gas generated during the pyrolysis process is recovered through a condenser and used as energy. The solid residue after pyrolysis is mainly inorganic matter and can be used as raw materials for building materials. S5: Tail gas purification: The tail gas generated during the pyrolysis process is purified by a combination of activated carbon adsorption and catalytic oxidation. The tail gas purification specifically includes: first, the tail gas passes through an activated carbon adsorption tower to adsorb organic pollutants; Then, the exhaust gas that has undergone adsorption treatment enters the catalytic oxidation reactor, where the harmful gases are oxidized and decomposed into carbon dioxide and water under the action of the catalyst to meet the emission standards.

2. The harmless treatment method of industrial by-product solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the chemical stabilizer includes calcium hydroxide, ferrous sulfate and diatomaceous earth, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:2:

3.

3. The harmless treatment method of industrial by-product solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S2, the chemical stabilization reaction is carried out in a stirred tank with a stirring speed of 300 r / min and a reaction time of 30 to 40 min.

4. The harmless treatment method of industrial by-product solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S3, the microbial agent includes Bacillus subtilis, Pseudomonas and yeast, and the mass ratio thereof is 1:1:

1.

5. The harmless treatment method of industrial by-product solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S4, the pyrolysis temperature is controlled at 500-600° C., and the pyrolysis time is 2-2.5 hours.

6. The harmless treatment method of industrial by-product solid waste according to claim 1, characterized in that: In step S5, the adsorption time of the activated carbon adsorption tower is 1 hour, and the reaction time of the catalytic oxidation reactor is 2 hours.