A centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts

Abstract

The application discloses a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining, and relates to the technical field of shaft part machining, and aims to solve the technical problem that the existing equipment is easy to send the slender shaft with bending defects into the grinding area of the centerless grinding machine, and is easy to cause the machining precision to be reduced or the equipment to be damaged, and the centerless grinding machine comprises a feeding mechanism, a distribution mechanism is arranged at the output end of the feeding mechanism, and a grinding machine main body is arranged on the side of the distribution mechanism, the distribution mechanism comprises a pass-stop assembly, a conveying assembly and a backflow assembly, the pass-stop assembly comprises a lifting seat, front end clamping assemblies, rear end clamping assemblies and a pass-stop disc are arranged at the top of the lifting seat, the pass-stop disc comprises a plurality of abutting blocks, and an inner cavity surrounded by the plurality of abutting blocks forms a shaft body channel. The application has the advantage that the slender shaft with large bending degree is avoided from entering the grinding machine main body.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of shaft part machining, in particular to a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining. BACKGROUND

[0002] In the field of precision machining of shaft parts, centerless grinding machines have become key equipment for efficiently obtaining high-precision outer cylindrical surfaces due to their characteristics of not needing to clamp both ends of the workpiece, and achieving self-rotating feed and outer cylindrical grinding through the coordinated action of the grinding wheel, guide wheel and supporting plate. The working principle is to use the high-speed rotation of the grinding wheel for cutting, the guide wheel drives the workpiece to rotate and controls the feed speed through friction, and the supporting plate provides stable support for the workpiece. The positioning triangle area formed by the three ensures that the workpiece maintains the preset posture during grinding.

[0003] Among shaft parts, slender shafts are a type of shaft part with specific structural characteristics, usually referring to shafts with a large ratio of length to diameter. The main feature of slender shafts is "long and thin". When machining slender shafts, the existing centerless grinding machines usually directly transport the slender shafts into the grinding area of the centerless grinding machine through a conveying mechanism. If the slender shaft itself has a bending defect, the highest point of the slender shaft will first contact the grinding wheel or guide wheel when entering the grinding area, causing the actual axis of the workpiece to not coincide with the reference axis of the equipment. As the guide wheel drives the slender shaft to rotate, the bending part will periodically deviate from the positioning triangle area, causing the grinding force to fluctuate. When the grinding force exceeds the friction force between the workpiece and the supporting plate, the workpiece may slip or jump instantaneously, and the grinding wheel will overcut locally, forming a biting phenomenon. Such defects not only cause the workpiece size precision to be out of tolerance and the surface roughness to deteriorate, but also can cause the grinding wheel to crack or the equipment to be damaged due to the violent collision between the workpiece and the grinding wheel. In view of this, we propose a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application aims to provide a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining to solve the technical problem that existing equipment is prone to send slender shafts with bending defects into the grinding area of the centerless grinding machine, which can easily lead to a decrease in machining precision or damage to the equipment.

[0005] To solve the above technical problems, the application provides the following technical scheme: a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining, which comprises a feeding mechanism, a distribution mechanism is arranged at the output end of the feeding mechanism, a grinding machine body is arranged at the side of the distribution mechanism, and a discharging mechanism is arranged at the output end of the grinding machine body; the distribution mechanism comprises a pass-stop assembly, a conveying assembly and a backflow assembly; the backflow assembly is arranged below the conveying assembly; the conveying assembly is used for conveying an elongated shaft to a polishing area of the grinding machine body; the backflow assembly is used for collecting the elongated shaft with bending defects; the pass-stop assembly comprises a lifting seat, a front-end clamping assembly, a rear-end clamping assembly and a pass-stop disc are arranged at the top of the lifting seat, and the pass-stop disc is arranged between the front-end clamping assembly and the rear-end clamping assembly; the front-end clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing one end of the elongated shaft, the rear-end clamping assembly is used for clamping and fixing the other end of the elongated shaft, and the two ends of the elongated shaft are kept on the same axis; the pass-stop disc comprises a plurality of abutting blocks, the plurality of abutting blocks are arranged in an annular array, an inner cavity surrounded by the plurality of abutting blocks forms a shaft body channel, the axis of the shaft body channel is collinear with the axes of the front-end clamping assembly and the rear-end clamping assembly, and when the elongated shaft has bending defects, the abutting blocks can be extruded in the shaft body channel, so that the plurality of abutting blocks perform synchronous expansion movement, and after expansion to a fixed stroke, the lifting seat can fall, so that the elongated shaft can be conveyed to the backflow assembly.

[0006] Preferably, the feeding mechanism comprises an arc-shaped material guide groove, one end of the arc-shaped material guide groove is provided with a cylinder one, and a material rack is arranged at the side of the arc-shaped material guide groove; the material rack can convey the elongated shaft into the arc-shaped material guide groove and push the elongated shaft forward in the arc-shaped material guide groove through the output end of the cylinder one.

[0007] Preferably, the pass-stop assembly is arranged at the output end of the arc-shaped material guide groove, and further comprises a fixing frame, an inner side wall of the fixing frame is connected with a bottom plate, and the lifting seat is arranged above the bottom plate; a plurality of sliding rails one are arranged on the inner side wall of the fixing frame, a plurality of sliding grooves one are arranged on the side wall of the lifting seat, and the lifting seat is in sliding fit with the sliding grooves one and the sliding rails one.

[0008] Preferably, an insertion slot is formed in the inner side wall of the fixing frame, and another inner side wall of the fixing frame is provided with a structure symmetrical to the insertion slot; a guide block is arranged above one of the insertion slots, the top of the guide block is in arc-shaped structure, and the guide block is used for guiding the elongated shaft into the backflow assembly.

[0009] Preferably, the through-stop disc further comprises a disc frame arranged on the top of the lifting seat, an inner side wall of the disc frame is arranged with a plurality of sliding rails two and a plurality of gears one, an outer side wall of the disc frame is arranged with a plurality of gears two, the gears two are coaxially connected with the gears one, an inner circumferential wall of a ring plate arranged on the outer side wall of the disc frame is arranged with a toothed opening, the ring plate is connected with the gears two through the toothed opening; a side wall of the abutting block is fixedly connected with a toothed plate, the toothed plate is connected with the gears one, a side wall of the toothed plate is provided with a sliding groove two, the abutting block is slidably connected with the sliding rails two through the sliding groove two of the side wall of the toothed plate.

[0010] Preferably, the side wall of the abutting block is a convex arc structure, so that the inner side wall of the shaft body channel forms a circular inner wall state; the bottom of one of the abutting blocks arranged in the vertical direction is connected with a limiting block, the bottom of the limiting block is connected with a pressing rod, the pressing rod penetrates the bottom of the disc frame, a circumferential outer wall of the pressing rod is sleeved with a return spring, the return spring is arranged between the limiting block and the disc frame; the bottom of the pressing rod is connected with a concave frame, an inner side wall of the concave frame is connected with a first driving column, the concave frame is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the lifting seat; a side wall of the inner cavity of the lifting seat is rotatably arranged with a plurality of fold plates through a rotating shaft, the fold plates are composed of short plates and long plates, the rotating shaft is arranged at the bending part of the short plate and the long plate, so that the fold plates form a lever state, when the short plate rotates around the rotating shaft, the long plate can be driven to rotate with an amplified stroke; a side wall of the short plate is provided with a driving groove, the first driving column is movably arranged in the driving groove; one end of the long plate is connected with an adjusting block, an adjusting groove is formed in the side wall of the adjusting block; an outer side wall of the lifting seat is provided with a movable groove, the movable groove communicates with the inner cavity of the lifting seat, an insert block is slidably arranged in the movable groove, the insert block is insertedly connected with the insert groove; an inner side wall of the insert block is connected with a second driving column, the second driving column is movably arranged in the adjusting groove.

[0011] Preferably, a plurality of live rods are arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat, the bottom of the live rod is connected with a piston head; a plurality of piston cylinders are arranged in the inner cavity of the bottom plate, a lower side wall of the piston cylinder is arranged with a narrow tube, the narrow tube communicates with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder, and the narrow tube is in an elongated tubular structure; the piston head is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder.

[0012] Preferably, a gas cylinder two is arranged inside the fixing frame, an output end of the gas cylinder two penetrates the top of the bottom plate; the bottom of the piston cylinder is connected with a control box, a control system is integrated in the control box, the control system is electrically connected with the gas cylinder two to control the working state thereof; a pressure sensor is installed at the bottom of the inner cavity of one of the piston cylinders, a signal output end of the pressure sensor is electrically connected with a signal input end of the control system, so as to transmit the detected pressure signal to the control system.

[0013] Preferably, the inner cavity of the fixing frame is arranged with an exhaust channel, one end of the exhaust channel is arranged in the inner side wall of the slot, and the other end of the exhaust channel is connected with the narrow tube.

[0014] Compared with the prior art, the present application has the following advantages:

[0015] 1、The present application designs a stop-and-go assembly, uses the front-end clamping assembly to clamp and fix one end of the slender shaft, uses the rear-end clamping assembly to clamp and fix the other end of the slender shaft, keeps the two ends of the slender shaft on the same axis, when the slender shaft has a large bending degree, the shaft body deviates from the axis, the shaft body of the slender shaft extrudes the abutting blocks of the stop-and-go disc, and then the multiple abutting blocks expand outward synchronously, when the expansion stroke of the abutting blocks reaches a preset threshold, it indicates that the bending degree of the slender shaft has exceeded the processable range, at this time, the lifting seat will make the stop-and-go assembly fall as a whole, so that the slender shaft with a large bending degree is conveyed into the backflow assembly, avoiding the problems of decreased machining precision, equipment damage and the like caused by the slender shaft with a large bending degree entering the grinding machine body.

[0016] 2、The present application designs the multiple abutting blocks of the stop-and-go disc as a linkage structure, so that when any abutting block is displaced by the extrusion of the bent slender shaft, through the meshing transmission of the toothed plate and the first gear and the linkage action of the second gear and the ring plate, all the abutting blocks can be expanded synchronously, and are not affected by the bending direction of the slender shaft, no matter which direction the slender shaft bends, as long as the bending degree exceeds the threshold, the synchronous expansion of the abutting blocks will be triggered, ensuring that the bending direction is not special and missing detection, and improving the accuracy of bending defect judgment.

[0017] 3、The present application designs a folded plate below the abutting block arranged in one of the vertical directions, when the bent slender shaft extrudes the abutting block and only moves a short distance, the displacement is transmitted to the limiting block, the pressing rod and the concave frame through the abutting block, drives the first driving column to move downward, uses the lever property of the folded plate to convert the small distance downward movement of the first driving column into the amplified stroke displacement of the long plate end adjusting block, the adjusting block drives the displacement of the plug block through the second driving column, so that the plug block can be separated from the slot, realizes the action of accurately driving the plug block to separate from the slot with the small displacement of the abutting block, completes the detection response and shunting trigger of the bending defect of the slender shaft, and guarantees the detection sensitivity and the reliability of the mechanism action.

[0018] 4、The present application is designed to be a convex arc structure by the side wall of the block, so that the inside wall of the shaft passage forms a circular ring, providing smooth guidance for the slender shaft passing through the shaft passage. When the slender shaft is bent, the end of the slender shaft may be offset at the initial stage of passing through the shaft passage. The circular ring formed by the convex arc structure of the block can guide the offset end to generate a smooth correction thrust through the arc surface, gradually adjust the posture of the slender shaft, and smoothly enter the inside of the passage along the circular ring. No matter which direction the end of the slender shaft is offset, the arc surface can guide it to be in place quickly and accurately, avoiding the situation that the end is stuck or cannot smoothly pass through due to offset.

[0019] 5、The present application also arranges a piston cylinder below the lifting seat. When the plug is separated from the slot, the lifting seat loses the limiting action of the slot cooperating with the plug, and slides downward along the slide rail of the inner side wall of the fixed frame under the action of its own gravity. At this time, the live rod at the bottom of the lifting seat moves downward, driving the piston head to move downward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder. The gas in the piston cylinder is slowly discharged through the narrow pipe of the lower side wall after being squeezed. Since the narrow pipe is an elongated tubular structure, it forms a damping effect on the gas discharge, which can slow down the downward speed of the piston head, thereby keeping the falling process of the lifting seat stable, avoiding the damage caused by the violent collision between the slender shaft and the equipment parts due to the too fast falling speed, and reducing the impact force when the lifting seat contacts the bottom plate, protecting the stability and service life of the equipment structure.

[0020] 6、The present application is designed to be a convex arc structure by the side wall of the block, so that the inside wall of the shaft passage forms a circular ring, providing smooth guidance for the slender shaft passing through the shaft passage. When the slender shaft is bent, the end of the slender shaft may be offset at the initial stage of passing through the shaft passage. The circular ring formed by the convex arc structure of the block can guide the offset end to generate a smooth correction thrust through the arc surface, gradually adjust the posture of the slender shaft, and smoothly enter the inside of the passage along the circular ring. No matter which direction the end of the slender shaft is offset, the arc surface can guide it to be in place quickly and accurately, avoiding the situation that the end is stuck or cannot smoothly pass through due to offset. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of the present application.

[0022] Figure 2 It is a schematic diagram of the feeding mechanism structure of the present application.

[0023] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the material distribution mechanism structure of the present application.

[0024] Figure 4 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0025] Figure 5 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0026] Figure 6 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0027] Figure 7 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0028] Figure 8 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application. Figure 7 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0029] Figure 9 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0030] Figure 10 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0031] Figure 11 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0032] Figure 12 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0033] Figure 13 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0034] Figure 14 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0035] Figure 15 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0036] Figure 16 Structure diagram of the feeding assembly of the present application.

[0037] Explanation of the reference numerals in the drawings:

[0038] 1, feeding mechanism; 2, distributing mechanism; 3, grinding machine main body; 4, discharging mechanism; 5, pass-stop assembly; 6, feeding assembly; 7, backflow assembly; 8, slender shaft;

[0039] 101, arc-shaped material guiding groove; 102, air cylinder I;

[0040] 51, fixing frame; 52, bottom plate; 53, lifting seat; 54, front-end clamping assembly; 55, rear-end clamping assembly; 56, pass-stop disc; 57, feeding roller;

[0041] 5101, slide rail one; 5102, cylinder two; 5103, slot; 5104, guide block; 5105, exhaust passage; 5201, piston cylinder; 5202, narrow pipe; 5203, pressure sensor; 5204, control box; 5301, slide groove one; 5302, movable rod; 5303, piston head; 5304, movable slot; 5601, abutting block; 5602, shaft body passage; 5603, disc holder; 5604, slide rail two; 5605, gear one; 5606, gear two; 5607, ring plate; 5608, toothed plate; 56081, slide groove two; 5609, limiting block; 5610, pressing rod; 5611, return spring; 5612, concave holder; 5613, first driving column; 5614, folded plate; 5615, driving slot; 5616, adjusting block; 5617, adjusting slot; 5618, plug block; 5619, second driving column; 5620, rotating shaft. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0042] As Figures 1 to 16 shown, the application relates to a centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts, which comprises a feeding mechanism 1, a distribution mechanism 2 arranged at the output end of the feeding mechanism 1, a grinding machine main body 3 arranged at the side of the distribution mechanism 2, and a discharging mechanism 4 arranged at the output end of the grinding machine main body 3. The distribution mechanism 2 comprises a pass-stop assembly 5, a conveying assembly 6 and a backflow assembly 7. The backflow assembly 7 is arranged below the conveying assembly 6. The conveying assembly 6 is a conventional conveying structure, which is not described in detail. The conveying assembly 6 is used to convey an elongated shaft 8 to the grinding area of the grinding machine main body 3. The backflow assembly 7 is used to collect the elongated shaft 8 with bending defects. The backflow assembly 7 comprises a conveying mechanism and a tank. The elongated shaft 8 can be conveyed into the tank through the conveying mechanism. The elongated shaft 8 is conveyed into the distribution mechanism 2 through the feeding mechanism 1. The distribution mechanism 2 can convey the elongated shaft 8 with good straightness into the grinding machine main body 3 through the conveying assembly 6 for grinding, and then discharge the elongated shaft 8 through the discharging mechanism 4. The distribution mechanism 2 can also convey the elongated shaft 8 with large bending degree into the backflow assembly 7, so as to avoid the elongated shaft 8 with large bending degree from entering the grinding machine main body 3.

[0043] The through-and-stop assembly 5 comprises a lifting seat 53, the top of the lifting seat 53 is provided with a front end clamping assembly 54, a rear end clamping assembly 55 and a through-and-stop disc 56, the through-and-stop disc 56 is arranged between the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55; the front end clamping assembly 54 is used for clamping and fixing one end of the elongated shaft 8, the rear end clamping assembly 55 is used for clamping and fixing the other end of the elongated shaft 8, so that the two ends of the elongated shaft 8 are kept on the same axis; wherein the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55 are clamping assemblies of the same structure, both of which adopt a form of opposite moving mechanism driven by a motor, realize the opposite approaching or moving away of the two clamping components along the set direction, and thus complete the clamping or releasing operation of the workpiece. The through-and-stop disc 56 comprises a plurality of abutting blocks 5601, the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 are arranged in an annular array, an inner cavity surrounded by the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 forms a shaft body channel 5602, the axis of the shaft body channel 5602 is collinear with the axes of the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55, when the elongated shaft 8 has a bending defect, the abutting blocks 5601 can be extruded in the shaft body channel 5602, so that the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 perform synchronous expansion movement, after expansion to a fixed stroke, the lifting seat 53 can fall, so that the elongated shaft 8 can be conveyed to the backflow assembly 7.

[0044] By designing the through-and-stop assembly 5, one end of the elongated shaft 8 is clamped and fixed by the front end clamping assembly 54, the other end of the elongated shaft 8 is clamped and fixed by the rear end clamping assembly 55, so that the two ends of the elongated shaft 8 are kept on the same axis, when the elongated shaft 8 has a large bending degree, the shaft body deviates from the axis, so that the shaft body of the elongated shaft 8 extrudes the abutting blocks 5601 of the through-and-stop disc 56, and then the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 synchronously expand outward, when the expansion stroke of the abutting blocks 5601 reaches a preset threshold value, it indicates that the bending degree of the elongated shaft 8 has exceeded the processable range, at this time, the lifting seat 53 drives the through-and-stop assembly 5 to fall as a whole, so that the elongated shaft 8 is conveyed into the backflow assembly 7, avoiding the problems of the elongated shaft 8 with a large bending degree entering the grinding machine main body 3 to cause the machining precision to decrease, the equipment to be damaged or the workpiece to be scrapped and the like.

[0045] In the embodiment of the present application, the feeding mechanism 1 comprises an arc-shaped guide slot 101, one end of the arc-shaped guide slot 101 is provided with a cylinder one 102, a material rack is arranged on the side of the arc-shaped guide slot 101, the material rack can convey the elongated shaft 8 into the arc-shaped guide slot 101, a material lifting mechanism is arranged in the material rack, the material lifting mechanism is an existing technology in the example, which can lift the elongated shaft 8 in the material rack one by one, so that the elongated shaft 8 slides into the arc-shaped guide slot 101, and then the elongated shaft 8 is conveyed forward in the arc-shaped guide slot 101 by the output end of the cylinder one 102, until the elongated shaft 8 completely enters the through-and-stop assembly 5.

[0046] In the embodiment of the present application, the pass-stop assembly 5 is arranged at the output end of the arc-shaped material guide chute 101, and the pass-stop assembly 5 further comprises a fixed frame 51, an inner side wall of the fixed frame 51 is connected with a bottom plate 52, and a lifting seat 53 is arranged above the bottom plate 52; wherein a plurality of sliding rails 5101 are arranged on the inner side wall of the fixed frame 51, a plurality of sliding grooves 5301 are arranged on the side wall of the lifting seat 53, and the lifting seat 53 is in sliding fit with the sliding rails 5101 through the sliding grooves 5301; so that the lifting seat 53 can slide up and down in the fixed frame 51.

[0047] As another embodiment of the present application, a plurality of conveying rollers 57 driven by motors are further arranged on the top of the lifting seat 53, the conveying rollers 57 are used for conveying the slender shaft 8 forward, a plurality of insertion grooves 5103 are arranged on the inner side wall of the fixed frame 51, and the other inner side wall of the fixed frame 51 is provided with a structure symmetrical to the insertion grooves 5103; one of the insertion grooves 5103 is arranged above a guide block 5104, the top of the guide block 5104 is in arc-shaped structure, the guide block 5104 is aligned with the conveying mechanism of the return flow assembly 7, and the guide block 5104 is used for guiding the slender shaft 8 into the return flow assembly 7. When the lifting seat 53 rises to the top, the conveying rollers 57 can convey the slender shaft 8 into the conveying assembly 6, and when the lifting seat 53 descends to the top of the bottom plate 52, the conveying rollers 57 can convey the slender shaft 8 into the return flow assembly 7 through the guide block 5104.

[0048] In the embodiment of the present application, the pass-stop disc 56 further comprises a disc frame 5603 arranged on the top of the lifting seat 53, a plurality of sliding rails 5604 and a plurality of gear wheels 5605 are arranged on the inner side wall of the disc frame 5603, a plurality of gear wheels 5606 are arranged on the outer side wall of the disc frame 5603, the gear wheels 5606 are coaxially connected with the gear wheels 5605, a ring plate 5607 is further rotationally arranged on the outer side wall of the disc frame 5603, a toothing is arranged on the circumferential inner wall of the ring plate 5607, and the ring plate 5607 is in meshing connection with the gear wheels 5606 through the toothing; a toothed plate 5608 is fixedly connected with the side wall of the abutting block 5601, the toothed plate 5608 is in meshing connection with the gear wheels 5605, a sliding groove 56081 is arranged on the side wall of the toothed plate 5608, and the abutting block 5601 is in sliding fit with the sliding rails 5604 through the sliding groove 56081 on the side wall of the toothed plate 5608.

[0049] When the elongated shaft 8 passes through the shaft body channel 5602 surrounded by the plurality of abutting blocks 5601, and the two ends of the elongated shaft 8 are clamped and fixed respectively, so that the two ends of the elongated shaft 8 remain on the same axis, if there is a bending defect, the abutting blocks 5601 will be squeezed, at this time the gear plate 5608 fixedly connected with the abutting blocks 5601 will slide along the slide rail two 5604, the gear plate 5608 drives the meshing gear one 5605 to rotate, since the gear two 5606 is coaxial with the gear one 5605, the gear one 5605 will synchronously drive the gear two 5606 to rotate, and then drive the ring plate 5607 meshing therewith to rotate, through the linkage action of the ring plate 5607, the synchronous expansion movement of the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 is realized, in this process, when any one of the abutting blocks 5601 is squeezed to displace, it can drive all the abutting blocks 5601 to move synchronously, and is not affected by the bending direction of the elongated shaft 8, no matter which direction the elongated shaft 8 bends, as long as the bending degree exceeds the threshold, the synchronous expansion of the abutting blocks 5601 will be triggered, so that the bending defect judgment accuracy is improved.

[0050] In the embodiment of the application, the side wall of the abutting block 5601 is a convex arc structure, so that the inner side wall of the shaft body channel 5602 forms a circular ring inner wall state; it provides smooth guidance for the elongated shaft 8 to pass into the shaft body channel 5602, when the elongated shaft 8 has a bending phenomenon, in the initial stage of the elongated shaft 8 passing into the shaft body channel 5602, the end of the elongated shaft 8 may have a deviation phenomenon, and the circular ring inner wall formed by the abutting block 5601 with the convex arc structure can generate a smooth correction thrust on the deviated end through the guiding action of the arc surface, guide the elongated shaft 8 to gradually adjust the posture, so that its end smoothly enters the inside of the channel along the circular ring inner wall, no matter which direction the end of the elongated shaft 8 deviates, the arc surface can guide it to be quickly and accurately in place, avoiding the situation that the end deviates to cause jamming or unable to smoothly pass in.

[0051] As another embodiment of the application, the bottom of one of the vertically arranged abutting blocks 5601 is connected to a limiting block 5609, the bottom of the limiting block 5609 is connected to a pressing rod 5610, the pressing rod 5610 movably penetrates through the bottom of the disc holder 5603, a return spring 5611 is sleeved on the circumferential outer wall of the pressing rod 5610, and the return spring 5611 is arranged between the limiting block 5609 and the disc holder 5603; the bottom of the pressing rod 5610 is connected to a concave frame 5612, the inner side wall of the concave frame 5612 is connected to a first driving column 5613, and the concave frame 5612 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the lifting seat 53; a plurality of foldable plates 5614 are rotationally arranged on the side wall of the inner cavity of the lifting seat 53 through a rotating shaft 5620, the foldable plate 5614 is composed of a short plate and a long plate, the rotating shaft 5620 is arranged at the bending position of the short plate and the long plate, so that the foldable plate 5614 forms a lever state, and when the short plate rotates around the rotating shaft 5620, the rotation stroke of the long plate can be amplified; a driving groove 5615 is formed in the side wall of the short plate, and the first driving column 5613 is movably arranged in the driving groove 5615; one end of the long plate is connected to an adjusting block 5616, and the side wall of the adjusting block 5616 is provided with an adjusting groove 5617; an activity groove 5304 is formed in the outer side wall of the lifting seat 53, the activity groove 5304 communicates with the inner cavity of the lifting seat 53, a plug block 5618 is slidably arranged in the activity groove 5304, the plug block 5618 is insertedly matched with the plug groove 5103, after the plug block 5618 is separated from the plug groove 5103, the lifting seat 53 loses the limiting effect of the matching of the plug groove 5103 and the plug block 5618, and under the action of its own gravity, can slide downwards along the slide rail one 5101 of the inner side wall of the fixing frame 51, drive the top pass-stop assembly related components and the detected curved slender shaft 8 to fall together; the inner side wall of the plug block 5618 is connected to a second driving column 5619, and the second driving column 5619 is movably arranged in the adjusting groove 5617.

[0052] Specifically, when any one of the abutting blocks 5601 is subjected to extrusion and displacement, driving all the abutting blocks 5601 to move synchronously, one of the vertically arranged abutting blocks 5601 moves downwards, driving the limiting block 5609 to move downwards, the pressing rod 5610 moves downwards and compresses the return spring 5611, at the same time, the concave frame 5612 at the bottom of the pressing rod 5610 drives the first driving column 5613 to move downwards, the first driving column 5613 slides in the driving groove 5615 of the short plate of the foldable plate 5614, driving the short plate to rotate downwards around the rotating shaft 5620, amplifying the rotation stroke of the long plate by the lever principle, the adjusting block 5616 at one end of the long plate drives the second driving column 5619 to move through the adjusting groove 5617, and then the plug block 5618 slides along the activity groove 5304 and separates from the plug groove 5103, at this time, the falling action of the lifting seat 53 is realized, until the lifting seat 53 falls on the top of the bottom plate 52, the front clamping assembly 54 and the rear clamping assembly 55 are loosened to clamp the slender shaft 8 respectively, so that the slender shaft 8 loses the fixing constraint at both ends, and the slender shaft 8 is conveyed to the reflow assembly 7 through the conveying roller 57.

[0053] The present application designs the foldable plate 5614 below the resisting block 5601 arranged in one of the vertical directions, when the curved elongated shaft 8 extrudes the resisting block 5601, and only moves a short distance, the displacement is transmitted to the limiting block 5609, the pressing rod 5610, the concave frame 5612 through the resisting block 5601, drives the first driving column 5613 to move downward, utilizes the lever property of the foldable plate 5614, converts the small distance downward movement of the first driving column 5613 into the amplified stroke displacement of the long plate end adjusting block 5616, the adjusting block 5616 drives the displacement of the plug-in block 5618 through the second driving column 5619, so that it can be separated from the insertion slot 5103, realizes the action of accurately driving the plug-in block 5618 to separate from the insertion slot 5103 with the small displacement of the resisting block 5601, completes the detection response and shunt triggering of the bending defect of the elongated shaft 8, and guarantees the detection sensitivity and the reliability of the mechanism action.

[0054] In the embodiment of the present application, a plurality of live rods 5302 are arranged at the bottom of the lifting seat 53, and a piston head 5303 is connected to the bottom of the live rod 5302; a plurality of piston cylinders 5201 are arranged in the inner cavity of the bottom plate 52, a narrow tube 5202 is arranged on the lower side wall of the piston cylinder 5201, the narrow tube 5202 is in communication with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 5201, and the narrow tube 5202 is in an elongated tubular structure; and the piston head 5303 is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 5201.

[0055] When the plug-in block 5618 is separated from the insertion slot 5103, the lifting seat 53 loses the limiting action of the insertion slot 5103 and the plug-in block 5618, and under the action of its own gravity, slides downward along the slide rail one 5101 of the inner side wall of the fixed frame 51, at this time, the live rod 5302 at the bottom of the lifting seat 53 moves downward, drives the piston head 5303 to move downward in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 5201, and the gas in the piston cylinder 5201 is slowly discharged through the narrow tube 5202 on the lower side wall after being extruded, because the narrow tube 5202 is in an elongated tubular structure, the narrow tube 5202 forms a damping action on the gas discharge, which can slow down the downward speed of the piston head 5303, and further makes the falling process of the lifting seat 53 stable, avoids that the elongated shaft 8 and the equipment parts are damaged due to the violent collision caused by the too fast falling speed, and reduces the impact degree when the lifting seat 53 contacts the bottom plate 52, protects the stability and service life of the equipment structure.

[0056] As another embodiment of the application, the fixed rack 51 is internally arranged with the air cylinder two 5102, the output end of the air cylinder two 5102 movably penetrates through the top of the bottom plate 52; the bottom of the piston barrel 5201 is connected with the control box 5204, the control system is integrated in the control box 5204, and the control system is in electric connection with the air cylinder two 5102 to control the working state thereof; the bottom of the inner cavity of one of the piston barrels 5201 is mounted with the pressure sensor 5203, the signal output end of the pressure sensor 5203 is in electric connection with the signal input end of the control system, and is used to transmit the detected pressure signal to the control system. When the lifting seat 53 falls on the top of the bottom plate 52, the movable rod 5302 at the bottom of the lifting seat 53 moves downward, drives the piston head 5303 to synchronously press downward to the inner cavity bottom of the piston barrel 5201, at this time, the pressure sensor 5203 at the bottom of one of the piston barrels 5201 can detect the pressure applied by the piston head 5303 in real time, and accurately transmit the pressure signal to the control system in the control box 5204. After receiving the signal, the control system triggers the preset delay program, and the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55 synchronously perform the loosening action in the set time interval, the clamping and fixing of the two ends of the slender shaft 8 are released, so that the slender shaft 8 loses the axial constraint; the conveying roller 57 on the top of the lifting seat 53 stably conveys the slender shaft 8 losing the constraint into the backflow assembly 7; after the above action is completed, the control system controls the output end of the air cylinder two 5102 to stretch out upward, the driving force is applied to the bottom of the lifting seat 53, the lifting seat 53 is pushed to slide upward along the slide rail one 5101 of the inner side wall of the fixed rack 51 and rise back, until the plug block 5618 is inserted into the plug groove 5103 again, and the initial detection position is restored, so as to prepare for the detection process of the next slender shaft 8.

[0057] In the embodiment of the present application, the inner cavity of the fixing frame 51 is arranged with an exhaust passage 5105, one end of the exhaust passage 5105 is arranged in the inner side wall of the slot 5103, and the other end of the exhaust passage 5105 is connected with the narrow tube 5202. The present application is designed by arranging the exhaust passage 5105. When the lifting seat 53 falls, the bottom movable rod 5302 drives the piston head 5303 to move downward in the piston cylinder 5201. After the gas in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder 5201 is extruded, it enters the exhaust passage 5105 through the narrow tube 5202. Since the output end of the exhaust passage 5105 is arranged in the inner side wall of the slot 5103, when the gas is output from the exhaust passage 5105, it will form a gas flow scouring on the inner side wall of the slot 5103, which can effectively remove the dust, debris and other impurities that may exist in the slot 5103, avoid the influence of these impurities on the insertion and fitting precision of the plug-in block 5618 and the slot 5103, and ensure that the plug-in block 5618 can be smoothly inserted into the slot 5103 to realize stable limiting when the lifting seat 53 is lifted back; after the plug-in block 5618 is inserted into the slot 5103, the output end of the exhaust passage 5105 can be blocked, so that the gas in the piston cylinder 5201 is closed to form a certain gas pressure support, which can assist to share the weight of the lifting seat 53 and the top components thereof, and reduce the stress load at the fitting position of the plug-in block 5618 and the slot 5103.

[0058] Working principle: the embodiment provides a centerless grinding machine for shaft part machining, when in use, the rack transports the slender shaft 8 to the arc-shaped material guide groove 101 of the feeding mechanism 1, the cylinder one 102 pushes it to enter the pass-stop assembly 5 of the distributing mechanism 2, the slender shaft 8 shaft body passes through the shaft body passage 5602 of the pass-stop disc 56, and then the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55 clamp the two ends of the slender shaft 8 to keep coaxial; if the slender shaft 8 has no obvious bending defects, the shaft body will not extrude the abutting block 5601, the abutting block 5601 keeps the initial state, the plug block 5618 keeps the plug-in cooperation with the plug slot 5103 of the fixed frame 51, and the lifting seat 53 is stable at the high position, then the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55 are loosened, the conveying roller 57 transports the slender shaft 8 into the conveying assembly 6, and further into the grinding machine main body 3 to be ground; if the slender shaft 8 has bending defects, the shaft body will extrude the abutting block 5601, so that the plurality of abutting blocks 5601 realize synchronous expansion through the linkage of the toothed plate 5608, the gear one 5605, the gear two 5606 and the ring plate 5607, when the abutting blocks 5601 in the vertical direction move downwards, the limiting block 5609 drives the pressing rod 5610 to move downwards, the concave frame 5612 at the bottom of the pressing rod 5610 pushes the first driving column 5613, the folding plate 5614 is rotated around the rotating shaft 5620, the stroke is amplified through the lever principle, the plug block 5618 is driven to be separated from the plug slot 5103 through the adjusting block 5616 and the second driving column 5619, the lifting seat 53 falls along the slide rail one 5101 under the action of gravity, the movable rod 5302 drives the piston head 5303 to move downwards in the piston cylinder 5201, the gas is discharged through the narrow pipe 5202 and the exhaust passage 5105, and stable falling is realized, after falling in place, the front end clamping assembly 54 and the rear end clamping assembly 55 are loosened, the conveying roller 57 transports the slender shaft 8 to the backflow assembly 7 through the guide block 5104 for collection, the pressure sensor 5203 at the bottom of the piston cylinder 5201 detects the pressure signal and transmits it to the control system of the control box 5204, the control system controls the cylinder two 5102 to push the lifting seat 53 to rise back after time delay, the plug block 5618 is reinserted into the plug slot 5103, the reset spring 5611 drives the abutting block 5601 to reset, and the detection of the next slender shaft 8 is waited.

[0059] The embodiment of the application discloses the preferred embodiment, but is not limited to this, the ordinary skilled in the art, easily understand the spirit of the application according to the above embodiment, and make different inferences and changes, as long as not deviating from the spirit of the application, all are within the protection scope of the application.

Claims

1. A centerless grinder for machining shaft-type parts, characterized in that, Including the feeding mechanism (1), the feeding mechanism (1) output end is arranged with the distribution mechanism (2), the distribution mechanism (2) side is arranged with the grinding machine body (3), the grinding machine body (3) output end is arranged with the discharging mechanism (4); The distribution mechanism (2) includes a pass-fail assembly (5), a conveying assembly (6) and a backflow assembly (7); the backflow assembly (7) is arranged below the conveying assembly (6); the conveying assembly (6) is used to convey the slender shaft (8) to the polishing area of the grinding machine body (3); the backflow assembly (7) is used to collect the slender shaft (8) with bending defects; The pass-fail assembly (5) includes a lifting seat (53), the top of the lifting seat (53) is arranged with a front end clamping assembly (54), a rear end clamping assembly (55) and a pass-fail disc (56), the pass-fail disc (56) is arranged between the front end clamping assembly (54) and the rear end clamping assembly (55); the front end clamping assembly (54) is used to clamp and fix one end of the slender shaft (8), the rear end clamping assembly (55) is used to clamp and fix the other end of the slender shaft (8), so that both ends of the slender shaft (8) are kept on the same axis; The pass-fail disc (56) includes a plurality of abutting blocks (5601), the plurality of abutting blocks (5601) are arranged in an annular array, and an inner cavity surrounded by the plurality of abutting blocks (5601) forms a shaft body channel (5602), the axis of the shaft body channel (5602) is collinear with the axes of the front end clamping assembly (54) and the rear end clamping assembly (55), when the slender shaft (8) has bending defects, the abutting blocks (5601) can be squeezed in the shaft body channel (5602), so that the plurality of abutting blocks (5601) perform synchronous expansion movement, after expansion to a fixed stroke, the lifting seat (53) can fall, so that the slender shaft (8) can be conveyed to the backflow assembly (7).

2. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized by The feeding mechanism (1) includes an arc-shaped material guide groove (101), one end of the arc-shaped material guide groove (101) is arranged with a cylinder one (102), and the side of the arc-shaped material guide groove (101) is arranged with a material rack, the material rack can convey the slender shaft (8) into the arc-shaped material guide groove (101), and the slender shaft (8) is pushed forward in the arc-shaped material guide groove (101) by the output end of the cylinder one (102).

3. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 2, characterized by The pass-fail assembly (5) is arranged at the output end of the arc-shaped material guide groove (101), and further includes a fixing frame (51), the inner side wall of the fixing frame (51) is connected with a bottom plate (52), and the lifting seat (53) is arranged above the bottom plate (52); Wherein, the inner side wall of the fixing frame (51) is arranged with a plurality of slide rails one (5101), the side wall of the lifting seat (53) is arranged with a plurality of slide grooves one (5301), and the lifting seat (53) is slidably connected with the slide grooves one (5301) and the slide rails one (5101).

4. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 1, characterized by The top of the lifting seat (53) is further arranged with a plurality of conveying rollers (57) driven by motors, and the conveying rollers (57) are used to convey the slender shaft (8) forward.

5. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 3, characterized by The inner side wall of the fixing frame (51) is provided with a slot (5103), and the other inner side wall of the fixing frame (51) is provided with a structure symmetrical to the slot (5103); one of the slots (5103) is arranged above a guide block (5104), the top of the guide block (5104) is in an arc structure, and the guide block (5104) is used for guiding the elongated shaft (8) into the backflow assembly (7).

6. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 5, characterized by The through-and-stop disc (56) further comprises a disc frame (5603) arranged on the top of the lifting seat (53), the inner side wall of the disc frame (5603) is arranged with a plurality of sliding rails two (5604) and a plurality of gears one (5605), the outer side wall of the disc frame (5603) is arranged with a plurality of gears two (5606), the gears two (5606) are coaxially connected with the gears one (5605), and the outer side wall of the disc frame (5603) is further rotationally arranged with a ring plate (5607), the circumferential inner wall of the ring plate (5607) is arranged with a toothed opening, and the ring plate (5607) is connected with the gears two (5606) in mesh through the toothed opening. The side wall of the abutting block (5601) is fixedly connected with a toothed plate (5608), the toothed plate (5608) is connected with the gears one (5605) in mesh, and the side wall of the toothed plate (5608) is provided with a sliding groove two (56081), and the abutting block (5601) is connected with the sliding rail two (5604) in sliding through the sliding groove two (56081) of the side wall of the toothed plate (5608).

7. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 6, characterized by The side wall of the abutting block (5601) is in a convex arc structure, so that the inner side wall of the shaft body channel (5602) is in a circular ring inner wall state; the bottom of one of the abutting blocks (5601) arranged in the vertical direction is connected with a limiting block (5609), the bottom of the limiting block (5609) is connected with a pressing rod (5610), the pressing rod (5610) is movably penetrated through the bottom of the disc frame (5603), the circumferential outer wall of the pressing rod (5610) is sleeved with a reset spring (5611), and the reset spring (5611) is arranged between the limiting block (5609) and the disc frame (5603). The bottom of the pressing rod (5610) is connected with a concave frame (5612), the inner side wall of the concave frame (5612) is connected with a first driving column (5613), and the concave frame (5612) is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the lifting seat (53). The inner cavity side wall of the lifting seat (53) is rotationally arranged with a folded plate (5614) through a rotating shaft (5620), there are a plurality of the folded plates (5614), the folded plate (5614) is composed of a short plate and a long plate, the rotating shaft (5620) is arranged at the bending position of the short plate and the long plate, so that the folded plate (5614) is in a lever state, and when the short plate rotates around the rotating shaft (5620), the rotation stroke of the long plate can be amplified. The short plate side wall is provided with a driving groove (5615), and the first driving column (5613) is movably arranged in the driving groove (5615); one end of the long plate is connected with an adjusting block (5616), and the side wall of the adjusting block (5616) is provided with an adjusting groove (5617); The outer side wall of the lifting seat (53) is provided with a movable groove (5304) in communication with the inner cavity of the lifting seat (53), and the movable groove (5304) is slidably provided with an insertion block (5618) which is inserted and matched with the insertion groove (5103); the inner side wall of the insertion block (5618) is connected with a second driving column (5619), and the second driving column (5619) is movably arranged in the adjusting groove (5617).

8. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 5, characterized by The bottom of the lifting seat (53) is provided with a plurality of movable rods (5302), and the bottom of the movable rod (5302) is connected with a piston head (5303); the inner cavity of the bottom plate (52) is provided with a plurality of piston cylinders (5201), and the lower side wall of the piston cylinder (5201) is provided with a narrow tube (5202) which is in communication with the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (5201), and the narrow tube (5202) is an elongated tubular structure; the piston head (5303) is movably arranged in the inner cavity of the piston cylinder (5201).

9. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 8, characterized by The inner part of the fixing frame (51) is arranged with a second air cylinder (5102), and the output end of the second air cylinder (5102) movably penetrates the top of the bottom plate (52); The bottom of the piston cylinder (5201) is connected with a control box (5204), and the control system is integrated in the control box (5204), and the control system is electrically connected with the second air cylinder (5102) to control the working state thereof; The inner cavity of one of the piston cylinders (5201) is provided with a pressure sensor (5203) at the bottom, and the signal output end of the pressure sensor (5203) is electrically connected with the signal input end of the control system to transmit the detected pressure signal to the control system.

10. The centerless grinding machine for machining shaft parts according to claim 9, characterized by The inner cavity of the fixing frame (51) is provided with an exhaust passage (5105), one end of which is arranged in the inner side wall of the insertion groove (5103), and the other end of which is connected with the narrow tube (5202).

Images