Hopper car end wall and hopper car

Abstract

The hopper car end wall comprises an end wall plate, the end wall plate comprises a first structural layer and a second structural layer which are stacked, the first structural layer and the second structural layer are made of composite materials, and the face, back on to the second structural layer, of the first structural layer is the outer side face of the end wall plate; the face, back on to the first structural layer, of the second structural layer is the inner side face of the end wall plate. The connecting seat is connected with the end wall plate; the supporting assembly is connected with the outer side face; the end wall plate is provided with a first area and a second area, a filling interlayer is arranged between the first structural layer and the second structural layer in the first area and made of foam materials, the second area is located on the periphery of the first area, and the first structural layer and the second structural layer in the second area are connected. The supporting assembly and the connecting base are connected with the second area. According to the hopper car end wall, the weight is reduced, and the structural reliability is ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle equipment, and in particular to an end wall of a hopper car and a hopper car. Background Art

[0002] Hopper car transportation has the advantages of high unloading efficiency, low comprehensive investment, low daily operating costs, and good working conditions. Using hopper cars to transport bulk cargo such as coal is a relatively economical transportation method. It has become a consensus among foreign railway transportation companies, especially on routes close to mining areas, with large transportation volumes and fixed coal transportation sections, where the comprehensive transportation benefits are more obvious.

[0003] A hopper car has a discharge hopper at the bottom of the car body between the two bogies. When the discharge door is opened, the bulk cargo inside the car falls by gravity and flows through the hopper to be discharged. Since discharge hoppers cannot be installed above the bogies at either end of the car, the hopper car end walls above them need to be designed with a certain slope to the horizontal plane. This slope should be greater than the resting angle of the bulk cargo to enable gravity discharge. The hopper car end walls must not only bear the pressure load of the bulk cargo inside the car, but also the inertial impact loads generated by the train during operation due to operating conditions such as starting, braking, curves, slopes, acceleration, and deceleration.

[0004] Currently, hopper car end walls typically utilize a steel plate-and-column structure, consisting of metal components such as the end wall plate, upper end beam, inclined end plate, cross straps, and end columns. These structures are heavy and complex, making manufacturing challenging. Furthermore, the end wall plate's structural reliability under impact loads is difficult to meet. While increasing the number of cross straps or adding diagonal braces running through them can improve the structural reliability of the end wall plate, this undoubtedly increases the deadweight and structural complexity.

[0005] Therefore, how to reduce weight and ensure structural reliability is an urgent problem to be solved by people in this technical field. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, the present invention provides a hopper car end wall to reduce weight and ensure structural reliability. The present invention also provides a hopper car.

[0007] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions:

[0008] A hopper car end wall, comprising:

[0009] An end wall panel, the end wall panel comprising a stacked first structural layer and a second structural layer, the first structural layer and the second structural layer being made of a composite material, the side of the first structural layer facing away from the second structural layer being the outer side of the end wall panel, and the side of the second structural layer facing away from the first structural layer being the inner side of the end wall panel;

[0010] a connecting seat connected to the end wall panel;

[0011] a support assembly connected to the outer side surface;

[0012] in,

[0013] The end wall panel has a first area and a second area, and a filling interlayer is provided between the first structural layer and the second structural layer located in the first area, and the filling interlayer is formed of a foam material. The second area is located on the periphery of the first area, and the first structural layer and the second structural layer located in the second area are connected, and the supporting assembly and the connecting seat are connected to the second area.

[0014] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the number of the first areas is at least two and they are arranged along the height direction of the hopper car end wall, the second area includes an intermediate connecting area located between two adjacent first areas, and the support assembly is connected to the intermediate connecting area.

[0015] Optionally, in the hopper car end wall, the second area further includes at least one of the following:

[0016] Side connection areas located at both side edges of the end wall panel, the first area being located between the two side connection areas;

[0017] an upper connection region located at an upper edge of the end wall panel, the connection seat being connected to a top edge of the upper connection region;

[0018] The connection seat is connected to the upper connection area at the lower edge of the end wall plate.

[0019] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the inner side surface of the end wall plate is a plane;

[0020] A portion of the first structural layer located in the first area protrudes from a portion of the first structural layer located in the second area.

[0021] Optionally, in the end wall of the hopper car, a transition area is provided between the first area and the second area;

[0022] A transition filling layer is provided between the first structural layer and the second structural layer in the transition region, and the thickness of the transition filling layer decreases in the direction approaching the second region. The thickness direction of the transition filling layer is the arrangement direction of the first structural layer and the second structural layer.

[0023] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the end wall panel is an integrated hot-pressed structure, and the first structural layer and the second structural layer located in the second area are connected by hot pressing.

[0024] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the support assembly includes:

[0025] An end stand plate, the end stand plate having a connection end connected to the end wall plate and a support end for connecting to the vehicle body underframe, the end stand plate being able to form a certain angle with the end wall plate;

[0026] An end column is connected to the end upright plate and extends along the height direction of the end upright plate, and the length direction of the end upright plate is the arrangement direction of the connecting end and the supporting end.

[0027] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the side edge of the end stand plate is aligned with the side edge of the end wall plate;

[0028] And / or, the number of the end columns is multiple and they are evenly distributed along the arrangement direction of the two side edges of the end stand.

[0029] Optionally, in the above-mentioned hopper car end wall, the connecting seat is connected to the upper edge of the end wall plate;

[0030] And / or, the number of the connecting seats is at least two and they are symmetrically arranged relative to the end wall plate.

[0031] The present invention also provides a hopper car, comprising a car body and a hopper car end wall arranged on the car body, wherein the hopper car end wall is the hopper car end wall according to any one of claims 1 to 4.

[0032] As can be seen from the above technical solution, the hopper car end wall provided by the present invention utilizes composite materials to form the first and second structural layers, effectively reducing the weight of the end wall panel, thereby reducing the overall weight of the hopper car end wall. This facilitates the lightweight design of hopper cars using the hopper car end wall provided by the embodiments of the present invention, thereby improving transportation efficiency. Furthermore, the end wall panel comprises a first region and a second region. A filling interlayer is located between the first and second structural layers in the first region. The filling interlayer is formed of a foam material. The second region is located outside the first region, and the first and second structural layers in the second region are interconnected. Thus, a cavity capable of accommodating the filling interlayer is defined between the first and second structural layers in the first region. Because the edge of the first and second structural layers in the first region forms the second region, the connection between the first and second structural layers outside the first region (the second region) creates a closed structure for the filling interlayer cavity. In other words, the first region forms a closed box-like structure. From a structural mechanics perspective, the structure of the first region has a higher load-bearing capacity than single-layer end wall panels in the prior art. Compared with the second area, the first area is similar to the reinforcement beam on the end wall panel, avoiding the need for additional reinforcement structures such as transverse strips or diagonal bracing structures, and meeting the reliability requirements of the end wall panel under impact loads.

[0033] The hopper car provided by the present invention has the above-mentioned technical effects due to the end wall of the hopper car. The hopper car having the above-mentioned end wall should also have the same technical effects, and no specific limitation is made here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0034] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0035] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of the end wall of a hopper car provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 2 A first structural schematic diagram of an end wall panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 3 A second structural schematic diagram of an end wall panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 4 A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of a first region provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 5A schematic cross-sectional structure diagram of an end wall panel provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0040] in,

[0041] End wall panel 100, first structural layer 101, second structural layer 102, filling interlayer 103, transition filling layer 104, first region 110, upper interlayer region 111, lower interlayer region 112, second region 120, middle connecting region 121, side connecting region 122, upper connecting region 123, lower connecting region 124, transition region 130;

[0042] Support assembly 200, end stand 210, end column 220;

[0043] Connecting seat 300. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0044] The invention discloses a hopper car end wall to reduce weight and ensure structural reliability. The invention also provides a hopper car.

[0045] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] like Figure 1-Figure 5 As shown, an embodiment of the present invention provides an end wall of a hopper car, including an end wall panel 100, a support assembly 200 and a connecting seat 300. The end wall panel 100 includes a stacked first structural layer 101 and a second structural layer 102. The first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 are made of composite materials. The side of the first structural layer 101 facing away from the second structural layer 102 is the inner side of the end wall panel 100, and the side of the second structural layer 102 facing away from the first structural layer 101 is the outer side of the end wall panel 100; the connecting seat 300 is connected to the end wall panel 100; and the support assembly 200 is connected to the outer side.

[0047] In which, the end wall panel 100 has a first area 110 and a second area 120, and a filling interlayer 103 is provided between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 located in the first area 110, wherein the filling interlayer 103 is formed by foam material, and the second area 120 is located on the periphery of the first area 110, the first structural layer 101 located in the second area 120 is connected to the second structural layer 102, and the support assembly 200 and the connecting seat 300 are connected to the second area 120.

[0048] The hopper car end wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention utilizes composite materials to form the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102, effectively reducing the weight of the end wall panel 100, thereby reducing the overall weight of the hopper car end wall. This facilitates the lightweight design of the hopper car using the hopper car end wall provided in an embodiment of the present invention, thereby improving transportation economic efficiency. Furthermore, the end wall panel 100 comprises a first region 110 and a second region 120. A filling interlayer 103 is provided between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the first region 110. The filling interlayer 103 is formed of a foam material. The second region 120 is located at the periphery of the first region 110. The first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the second region 120 are interconnected. Consequently, a cavity capable of accommodating the filling interlayer 103 is provided between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the first region 110. Because the edge of the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the first region 110 forms the second region 120, the connection between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 outside the first region 110 (the second region 120) creates a closed cavity containing the filling interlayer 103. In other words, the first region 110 forms a closed box-like structure. From a structural mechanics perspective, the structure of the first region 110 offers a higher load-bearing capacity than single-layer endwall panels in the prior art. Compared to the second region 120, the first region 110 acts like a reinforcing beam on the endwall panel 100, eliminating the need for additional reinforcement structures such as horizontal straps or diagonal braces, thus meeting the reliability requirements of the endwall panel 100 under impact loads.

[0049] Furthermore, the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the second region 120 are connected, so that the second region 120 forms a solid laminate structure. The support assembly 200 and the connection seat 300 are connected to the second region 120 to ensure the reliability of the structural connection.

[0050] In this embodiment, the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 are made of carbon fiber composite material or fiber reinforced resin-based composite material, that is, the end wall panel 100 is a sandwich structure made of carbon fiber composite material.

[0051] The first and second structural layers 101, 102 can be constructed of 2-4 mm thick carbon fiber-reinforced resin-based composite materials using a laminated design. Specifically, at least one of the first and second structural layers 101, 102 is formed from multiple composite material layers laid up using a laminated approach. Multiple fiber layers are laid up in a specific order and angle (e.g., 0°, ±45°, 90°, etc.) along the thickness of the first and second structural layers 101, 102, and then bonded together through resin curing to form the composite laminate (first structural layer 101 or second structural layer 102). Combined with the thickness of the infill interlayer 103, the thickness of the first region 110 of the end wall panel 100 can range from 40 to 70 mm. The thickness of the second region 120 is the sum of the thicknesses of the first and second structural layers 101, 102. Taking carbon fiber composites as an example, their tensile strength typically exceeds 1000 MPa. Existing hopper car end walls are typically made of Q450NQR1 high-strength steel (tensile strength of 550 MPa) or 6061-T6 aluminum alloy (tensile strength of 265 MPa). This demonstrates that the use of carbon fiber composites can achieve both lightweighting and increased strength reserves. Furthermore, the density of carbon fiber composites is only one-quarter that of steel and two-thirds that of aluminum alloy, making them suitable for the increasing loads of railway freight cars, especially heavy-duty ones.

[0052] The filling interlayer 103 can be formed of a foam material. That is, a rigid closed-cell foam (rigid closed-cell PMI (Polymethacrylimide) foam) or other type of foam is filled between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 located in the first region 110 to form the filling interlayer 103. The filling interlayer 103 is used to withstand pressure loads (such as lateral pressure loads exerted on the end wall panel 100 by bulk cargo such as coal in a vehicle).

[0053] In some embodiments, there are at least two first regions 110 and they are arranged along the height direction of the end wall of the hopper car. The second region 120 includes an intermediate connecting region 121 located between two adjacent first regions 110 , and the support assembly 200 is connected to the intermediate connecting region 121 .

[0054] like Figure 2 and Figure 5As shown, the number of the first areas 110 can be two, namely an upper interlayer area 111 and a lower interlayer area 112, and an intermediate connection area 121 is formed between the upper interlayer area 111 and the lower interlayer area 112 to facilitate connection with the support assembly 200, that is, the intermediate connection area 121 is located in the middle area of ​​the end wall panel 100 along the height direction of the funnel car end wall, and is connected to the support assembly 200 through the intermediate connection area 121 to form a support point in the middle part of the length direction of the end wall panel 100 (which can be the middle position or the non-middle position, but between the two sides of the length direction of the end wall panel 100), thereby effectively improving the support effect of the end wall panel 100 and reducing the bending deformation of the end wall panel 100 along the length direction.

[0055] Furthermore, the second area 120 further includes at least one of the following:

[0056] The side connection areas 122 are located on both side edges of the end wall panel 100, and the first area 110 is located between the two side connection areas 122. The side connection areas 122 of the end wall panel 100 can be connected to the side walls of the vehicle body by riveting or other means to achieve a fixing effect on both sides of the end wall panel 100.

[0057] The connection base 300 is connected to the top edge of the upper connection area 123 located at the upper edge of the end wall panel 100. Since the connection base 300 is connected to the top edge of the upper connection area 123, the connection base 300 can be higher than the end wall panel 100. When the end wall panel 100 is assembled with the vehicle body, the side beams on the vehicle body connected to the vehicle body side walls can be connected to the connection base 300 to achieve connection and fixation at the top of the end wall panel 100, thereby making the height of the vehicle body side walls higher than the height of the end wall panel 100. In other words, the vehicle body side walls and the hopper car end walls are not of the same height, but the vehicle body side walls are higher than the hopper car end walls. This allows the loading height requirement of the hopper car with an increased vehicle body height (increased vehicle body side wall height) to be accommodated without changing the height of the hopper car end walls. When the height of the upper side beam of the vehicle body (located between two vehicle body side walls or on the vehicle body side wall, etc.) is higher than the end wall panel 100, the end wall panel 100 can be connected to the upper side beam of the vehicle body through the connecting seat 300 by riveting or welding, so as to achieve a fixing effect on the top of the end wall panel 100.

[0058] There may be two connection seats 300 , which are located at two ends of the top edge of the upper connection area 123 , that is, the two connection seats 300 are located at two corners above the end wall panel 100 .

[0059] The lower connection area 124 at the lower edge of the end wall panel 100 and the connection seat 300 are connected to the upper connection area 123. The end wall panel 100 can be connected to the vehicle body chassis through the lower connection area 124 by riveting or other means to achieve a fixing effect on the bottom of the end wall panel 100.

[0060] The inner side of the end wall panel 100 is planar; the portion of the first structural layer 101 located in the first region 110 protrudes beyond the portion of the first structural layer 101 located in the second region 120. Because the first region 110 includes the filling interlayer 103, the thickness of the first region 110 is different from that of the second region 120. To ensure efficient unloading of bulk cargo from the vehicle, the first structural layer 101 can be configured as a concave-convex structure, while the second structural layer 102 can be a planar structure. This creates a planar inner side of the end wall panel 100, facilitating the movement of bulk cargo along the inner side of the end wall panel 100 under gravity for unloading.

[0061] To reduce stress concentration, a transition region 130 is provided between the first region 110 and the second region 120. A transition filler layer 104 is located between the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 in the transition region 130. The thickness of the transition filler layer 104 decreases as it approaches the second region 120, with the thickness of the transition filler layer 104 oriented in the direction of the arrangement of the first and second structural layers 101, 102. Specifically, the cross-section of the portion of the first structural layer 101 corresponding to the first region 110 and the transition region 130 can be trapezoidal in shape, and the transition filler layer 104 and the filling interlayer 103 can be integrally formed, creating a structural transition from the first region 110 to the second region 120 and thus avoiding stress concentration. Specifically, from the first region 110 toward the second region 120, the filling interlayer 103 and the transition filler layer 104 form a structure with an inclined surface, gradually and evenly transitioning from the first interlayered region 110 to the second region 120 of the solid laminate.

[0062] In this embodiment, the end wall panel 100 is a one-piece hot-pressed structure. Hot pressing connects the first structural layer 101 and the second structural layer 102 located in the second region 120. Specifically, the end wall panel 100 can be integrally formed into a composite sandwich structure, improving bending strength in all directions. Furthermore, by configuring the end wall panel 100 as a one-piece hot-pressed structure, the number of components in the hopper car end wall is significantly reduced. The manufacturing process, such as welding or riveting, is also eliminated during the processing of the end wall panel 100. This effectively simplifies the manufacturing process for the hopper car end wall, thereby shortening the production cycle of the hopper car end wall.

[0063] Taking the example of a first structural layer 101 and a second structural layer 102 made of 2-4 mm thick carbon fiber reinforced resin-based composite prepreg, and a rigid closed-cell PMI foam filling layer 103, during the integral hot press molding process of the end wall panel 100, the second structural layer 102 prepreg is first layered onto a prefabricated mold surface to a desired thickness. A foam layer of a predetermined shape is then applied to the laid second structural layer 102. The first structural layer 101 prepreg is then laid onto the foam layer and the second structural layer 102 to a desired thickness. The assembled end wall panel, along with the mold, is then placed into an autoclave or oven. The autoclave is heated and pressurized for a specified period of time until the resin matrix material completes its chemical curing reaction, resulting in a single composite sandwich end wall panel. The foam layer forms the filling layer 103. Finally, the cured end wall panel blank undergoes post-processing steps such as demolding, polishing, and drilling, completing the manufacturing of the composite sandwich end wall panel 100.

[0064] In some embodiments, to ensure effective support, support assembly 200 includes an end plate 210 and an end post 220. End plate 210 has a connection end for connecting to end wall panel 100 and a support end for connecting to the vehicle body underframe. End plate 210 can form a certain angle with end wall panel 100. End post 220 is connected to end plate 210 and extends along the height direction of end plate 210. The length direction of end plate 210 is the arrangement direction of the connection end and the support end.

[0065] The side edges of the end uprights 210 can be aligned with the side edges of the end wall panels 100, that is, the two side edges of the end uprights 210 are arranged in the width direction of the end uprights 210, and the two side edges of the end wall panels 100 are arranged in the width direction of the end wall panels 100. Therefore, the width of the end uprights 210 is the same as the width of the end wall panels 100. This arrangement increases the area of ​​the end uprights 210 supporting the end wall panels 100, thereby improving the support stability.

[0066] The number of the end posts 220 can be multiple (eg, two, three, or four), and the end posts 220 are evenly arranged along the arrangement direction of the two side edges of the end stand 210. That is, the end posts 220 are arranged along the width direction of the end stand 210.

[0067] The height of the end column 220 may be the same as that of the end stand 210 , so that both ends of the end column 220 are aligned with the upper edge of the end stand 210 and the lower edge of the end stand 210 , respectively.

[0068] To ensure effective support and facilitate connection, the end plate 210 is a metal extruded structure, and the end column 220 is a metal column. The end plate 210 and end column 220 can be connected to the vehicle body frame by welding. Specifically, the end plate is a steel extruded structure, and the end column is a channel-shaped cold-formed steel.

[0069] Furthermore, the connecting base 300 is connected to the upper edge of the end wall panel 100. This arrangement allows the connecting base 300 to be higher than the end wall panel 100. When the end wall panel 100 is assembled with the vehicle body, the connecting base 300 can be connected to the upper side beam of the vehicle body that is higher than the end wall panel 100, thereby allowing the height of the vehicle body side wall to be higher than the end wall panel 100, thereby increasing the loading capacity.

[0070] Furthermore, the number of the connecting seats 300 is at least two and they are symmetrically arranged relative to the end wall plate 100. In this embodiment, the number of the connecting seats 300 is two and they are located at two corners above the end wall plate 100.

[0071] An embodiment of the present invention further provides a hopper car, comprising a car body and a hopper car end wall disposed on the car body, wherein the hopper car end wall is any of the hopper car end walls described above. Since the hopper car end wall has the above-described technical effects, hopper cars having the above-described hopper car end wall should also have the same technical effects, and no specific limitation is imposed herein.

[0072] The various embodiments in this specification are described in a progressive manner, and each embodiment focuses on the differences from other embodiments. The same or similar parts between the various embodiments can be referenced to each other.

[0073] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. A hopper car end wall, characterized in that: include: An end wall panel (100), the end wall panel (100) comprising a first structural layer (101) and a second structural layer (102) stacked together, the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102) being made of composite materials, the side of the first structural layer (101) facing away from the second structural layer (102) being the outer side of the end wall panel (100), and the side of the second structural layer (102) facing away from the first structural layer (101) being the inner side of the end wall panel (100); A connecting seat (300), the connecting seat (300) being connected to the end wall plate (100); a support assembly (200), the support assembly (200) being connected to the outer side surface; in, The end wall panel (100) has a first area (110) and a second area (120), a filling interlayer (103) is provided between the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102) located in the first area (110), and the filling interlayer (103) is formed of a foam material. The second area (120) is located at the periphery of the first area (110), the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102) located in the second area (120) are connected, and the supporting assembly (200) and the connecting seat (300) are connected to the second area (120).

2. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The number of the first areas (110) is at least two and they are arranged along the height direction of the end wall of the hopper car; the second area (120) includes an intermediate connecting area (121) located between two adjacent first areas (110); and the support assembly (200) is connected to the intermediate connecting area (121).

3. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The second region (120) further includes at least one of the following: Side connection areas (122) located at both side edges of the end wall plate (100), the first area (110) being located between the two side connection areas (122); An upper connection area (123) located at the upper edge of the end wall plate (100), the connection seat (300) being connected to the top edge of the upper connection area (123); The connection seat (300) is connected to the upper connection area (123) at the lower connection area (124) located at the lower edge of the end wall plate (100).

4. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The inner side surface of the end wall plate (100) is a plane; The portion of the first structural layer (101) located in the first area (110) protrudes from the portion of the first structural layer (101) located in the second area (120).

5. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: A transition area (130) is provided between the first area (110) and the second area (120); A transition filling layer (104) is provided between the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102) located in the transition region (130), and the thickness of the transition filling layer (104) decreases in a direction approaching the second region (120), and the thickness direction of the transition filling layer (104) is the arrangement direction of the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102).

6. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, wherein: The end wall plate (100) is an integrated hot-pressed structure, and the first structural layer (101) and the second structural layer (102) located in the second area (120) are connected by hot pressing.

7. The hopper car end wall according to claim 1, characterized in that: The support assembly (200) comprises: an end stand (210), the end stand (210) having a connection end connected to the end wall plate (100) and a support end for connecting to a vehicle body underframe, and the end stand (210) can form a certain angle with the end wall plate (100); An end column (220), the end column (220) is connected to the end stand (210) and the end column (220) extends along the height direction of the end stand (210), and the length direction of the end stand (210) is the arrangement direction of the connecting end and the supporting end.

8. The hopper car end wall according to claim 7, characterized in that: The side edge of the end stand (210) is aligned with the side edge of the end wall plate (100); And / or, the number of the end columns (220) is multiple and evenly distributed along the arrangement direction of the two side edges of the end stand (210).

9. The hopper car end wall according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The connecting seat (300) is connected to the upper edge of the end wall plate (100); And / or, the number of the connecting seats (300) is at least two and they are symmetrically arranged relative to the end wall plate (100).

10. A hopper car, comprising a car body and a hopper car end wall arranged on the car body, characterized in that: The hopper car end wall is the hopper car end wall according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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