Electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot and smelting process of electroslag furnace

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of electroslag furnaces, and discloses an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of a high-temperature alloy electroslag ingot and a smelting technology of the electroslag furnace. The electroslag furnace comprises a fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprises a fixing base, a fixing piece and a buffering piece, and the top end of a protection cover is fixedly connected with the bottom end of the fixing base; the top end of the fixed seat is fixedly connected with the fixed part through a bolt, a buffer part is arranged between the outer ring of the fixed part and the inner ring of the fixed seat, the buffer part is fixedly connected with the fixed part, and the buffer part is in contact fit with the fixed seat. When the consumable electrode penetrates through the protective cover and is inserted into the crystallization shell, the consumable electrode is effectively limited and fixed by the fixing piece, and vibration generated by the consumable electrode is effectively absorbed by the buffer piece, so that the concentricity among the consumable electrode, the crystallization shell and the protective cover is improved, the phenomenon that the consumable electrode is eccentric due to vibration is prevented, and the service life of the consumable electrode is prolonged. Therefore, the problem that segregation, surface defects and the like affect the forming quality of the electroslag ingot is avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of electroslag furnaces, and in particular to an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots and a smelting process thereof. Background Art

[0002] An electroslag furnace (ESF) is a specialized smelting facility that utilizes heat generated by a remelting current to melt a consumable electrode inserted into a slag pool. The molten metal droplets are then cleaned by the slag solution before crystallizing into electroslag ingots in a water-cooled crystallizer. Due to the inclusion removal effect of the slag solution and favorable crystallization conditions, the ESR-remelted metal exhibits excellent purity, a fine and uniform as-cast structure, the absence of white spots or growth ring-like segregation, an extremely low sulfur content, and fine, dispersed inclusions. Therefore, ESR furnaces are widely used in the production of titanium-, nickel-, iron-, and cobalt-based superalloys.

[0003] However, the existing electroslag furnace still has some defects during use: in the existing technology, the electrode rod inserted into the crystallizer is composed of a dummy electrode and a consumable electrode, and the electrode rod is clamped and fixed by a clamping mechanism, but in actual application, the consumable electrode will generate electromagnetic force and vibrate to a certain extent under the action of the electromagnetic force, so that the center of gravity of the consumable electrode will be offset, and the consumable electrode will swing, thereby causing the consumable electrode to be eccentric in the crystallizer, resulting in uneven temperature distribution in the slag pool and disordered solidification structure, which in turn causes segregation, surface defects and other problems in the electroslag ingot, affecting the molding quality of the electroslag ingot. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This application proposes an electric slag furnace and a smelting process for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electric slag ingots, which have the advantage of effectively ensuring the concentricity between the crystal shell and the consumable electrode, and are used to solve forming quality problems such as segregation caused by eccentricity of the consumable electrode.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present application adopts the following technical solution: an electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots, comprising: A crystal shell and a protective cover, wherein the top end of the crystal shell is tightly fitted with the bottom end of the protective cover; A fixing mechanism, the fixing mechanism comprising a fixing seat, a fixing member, and a buffer member, wherein the top end of the protective cover is fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing seat, and the top end of the fixing seat is fixedly connected to the fixing member via a bolt, a buffer member is provided between the outer ring of the fixing member and the inner ring of the fixing seat, and the buffer member is fixedly connected to the fixing member, and the buffer member is in contact with and fits the fixing seat; The electrode rod, the crystal shell, the protective cover and the fixing piece are coaxially arranged, and the electrode rod is movably sleeved on the middle part of the fixing piece; The electrode rod is limited and fixed by the fixing piece, and the vibration generated by the electrode rod is absorbed by the buffer piece, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystal shell and the protective cover.

[0006] Furthermore, a connector is fixedly sleeved on the top of the outer wall of the crystal shell, and a connector is fixedly sleeved on the bottom of the outer wall of the protective cover. The connector on the crystal shell and the connector on the protective cover fit each other, and the two connectors are fixedly connected by bolts.

[0007] Furthermore, the electrode rod includes: A threaded part, wherein the cross-sectional shape of the threaded part is T-shaped; A consumable electrode, wherein the bottom end of the threaded member is provided with an internal thread groove, and the top end of the consumable electrode is provided with an external thread, and the threaded member and the consumable electrode are threadedly sleeved; The dummy electrode has an external thread on the top of the threaded piece and an internal thread groove on the bottom of the dummy electrode, and the threaded piece and the dummy electrode are threadedly sleeved.

[0008] Furthermore, the crystallization shell is a component of the crystallization mechanism, and the crystallization mechanism further includes: A cooling water pipe is provided inside the wall of the crystallization shell. A cooling cavity is provided. The bottom and top ends of the side walls of the crystallization shell are fixedly sleeved with cooling water pipes, and one end of the cooling water pipe is fixedly connected to the cooling cavity.

[0009] Furthermore, the protective cover is a component of the protective mechanism, and the protective mechanism also includes: An inflation tube, a protective circular hole is opened in the middle of the top of the protective cover, and the consumable electrode passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover. The protective circular hole is in the shape of a truncated cone that is wide at the top and narrow at the bottom, and the diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than the diameter of the consumable electrode. An inflation tube is fixedly sleeved on the inner wall of the protective cover, and one end of the inflation tube is connected to the protective circular hole. There are several inflation tubes, and several inflation tubes are evenly arranged around the protective cover. The inflation tubes are obliquely arranged when viewed from above.

[0010] By setting a protection mechanism on the top of the crystallization shell, and the protection mechanism consists of a protective cover and an inflation tube, when working, argon is filled in the direction of the consumable electrode through the connecting piece, effectively blocking the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the consumable electrode from oxidizing and affecting the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0011] Furthermore, a fixing circular hole is opened in the middle of the fixing piece, and the consumable electrode passes through the fixing circular hole of the fixing piece, and the diameter of the fixing circular hole is adapted to the diameter of the consumable electrode.

[0012] Furthermore, it also includes: A limiting mechanism is coaxially provided on the bottom end of the fixing member, and the limiting mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the electrode rod; The supporting mechanism is coaxially arranged on the bottom end of the fixing member, and the supporting mechanism is sleeved on the outside of the limiting mechanism.

[0013] Furthermore, the limiting mechanism includes: There are two restriction rings, and the inner rings of the two restriction rings are movably connected to the outer wall of the consumable electrode; A limiting member is fixedly provided between the two limiting rings, the limiting member is spiral-shaped, and the limiting member is movably wound around the outer wall of the consumable electrode. There are two limiting members, and the two limiting members are evenly arranged around the consumable electrode; The limiting head is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting ring above, and a limiting groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixing piece, and the fixing piece is fixedly sleeved with the limiting head through the limiting groove.

[0014] By movably setting a supporting mechanism at the bottom end of the fixing member, and the supporting mechanism being set outside the limiting member, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member, the limiting member and the supporting mechanism is triangular, thereby effectively supporting the fixing member and the limiting member and improving the stability between the fixing member and the limiting member.

[0015] Furthermore, the support mechanism includes: an upper ring, the top end of the upper ring being in contact with the bottom end of the fixing member; a lower ring, wherein the inner ring of the lower ring is in contact with the outer wall of the limiting member, the lower ring is located below the upper ring, and the diameter of the lower ring is smaller than that of the upper ring; A support plate is provided obliquely between the upper ring and the lower ring. The number of the support plates is several, and the support plates are evenly arranged around the upper ring and the lower ring. The support plates are obliquely arranged when viewed from above; The support head is fixedly connected to the top of the upper ring, and a support groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixing piece, and the fixing piece is movably connected to the support head through the support groove.

[0016] The supporting mechanism is composed of an upper ring, a lower ring, a supporting plate and a supporting head, and the supporting plate is obliquely arranged between the upper ring and the lower ring, and an inflation tube is obliquely arranged in a protective cover arranged opposite to the supporting plate. When argon is filled, the argon will exert a thrust on the supporting mechanism, thereby driving the supporting mechanism to rotate, so that the argon is evenly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode at the same height, and the surface temperature of the consumable electrode will slowly rise in steps from top to bottom under the action of the argon, thereby effectively preventing the limiting part from bending due to excessively rapid temperature changes, and improving the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0017] Furthermore, the smelting process of the electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots comprises the following steps: S1. During operation, the consumable electrode is inserted into the crystallization shell, and the lower end of the consumable electrode is melted by the current. The molten metal droplets pass through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. During this process, the consumable electrode continues to descend into the crystallization shell, and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously drawn out from the bottom of the crystallization shell. S2. During the movement of the consumable electrode, first, the consumable electrode is limited and fixed by the fixing member, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode is absorbed by the buffer member; S3. Afterwards, the consumable electrode is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism, thereby extending the limited and fixed length of the consumable electrode; S4. Because a support mechanism is provided between the fixing member and the limiting member, the cross-section between the fixing member, the limiting member and the support mechanism is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member and the limiting member; S5. During operation, argon is filled into the consumable electrode through the gas filling tube so that the argon protects the consumable electrode; S6. When argon is filled into the gas tube, the argon will exert thrust on the support mechanism to drive the support mechanism to rotate.

[0018] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The electric slag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electric slag ingots provided in the present application is provided with a fixing mechanism consisting of a fixing seat, a fixing part and a buffer part on the top of the protective cover, and the fixing part is fixed to the fixing seat by bolts, and a buffer part is provided on the edge of the fixing part. When the consumable electrode passes through the protective cover and is inserted into the crystallization shell, the consumable electrode is effectively limited and fixed by the fixing part, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode is effectively absorbed by the buffer part, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystallization shell and the protective cover, preventing the consumable electrode from being eccentric due to vibration, thereby avoiding segregation, surface defects and other problems that affect the forming quality of the electric slag ingot.

[0019] By fixing a limiting mechanism at the bottom end of the fixing part, and the limiting mechanism consisting of a limiting ring, a limiting part and a limiting head, when the consumable electrode passes through the fixing part, the consumable electrode is effectively limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism, effectively extending the limiting and fixing length of the consumable electrode, and further improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode and the crystallization shell and the protective cover, thereby ensuring the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0020] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art can also derive other drawings based on the provided drawings without inventive work. Figure 1 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the whole of the present invention; Figure 2 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the entire present invention; Figure 3 For the present invention Figure 2 A magnified structural diagram; Figure 4 This is a top-view cross-sectional perspective structural diagram of the entirety of the present invention at the inflation tube; Figure 5 For the present invention Figure 4 The enlarged structure diagram at B; Figure 6 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the protection mechanism and the fixing mechanism in the present invention; Figure 7 It is a cross-sectional three-dimensional structural diagram of the protection mechanism and the fixing mechanism in the present invention; Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the fixing mechanism of the present invention in a disassembled state; Figure 9 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrode rod, the limiting mechanism and the supporting mechanism in the present invention; Figure 10 A three-dimensional structural diagram of the electrode rod in the present invention; Figure 11 is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the limiting mechanism of the present invention; Figure 12 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the restriction mechanism in the present invention in a disassembled state; Figure 13 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support mechanism in the present invention; Figure 14 It is a three-dimensional structural diagram of the support mechanism in the present invention in a disassembled state.

[0021] In the figure: 1. Base plate; 2. Crystallization mechanism; 21. Crystallization shell; 22. Cooling water pipe; 3. Protection mechanism; 31. Protection cover; 32. Inflating tube; 4. Fixing mechanism; 41. Fixing seat; 42. Fixing part; 43. Buffer part; 44. Laser part; 5. Electrode rod; 51. Threaded part; 52. Consumable electrode; 53. Dummy electrode; 6. Limiting mechanism; 61. Limiting ring; 62. Limiting part; 63. Limiting head; 7. Supporting mechanism; 71. Upper ring; 72. Lower ring; 73. Supporting plate; 74. Supporting head; 8. Connecting part. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0023] Example 1: An electroslag furnace for high purity smelting of high temperature alloy electroslag ingots, such as Figure 1-Figure 2 、 Figure 4, including a crystallization shell 21, a cooling cavity is opened inside the wall of the crystallization shell 21, and the bottom end and the top end of the side wall of the crystallization shell 21 are fixedly sleeved with a cooling water pipe 22, and one end of the cooling water pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the cooling cavity, and the other end of the cooling water pipe 22 is fixedly connected to the water supply mechanism. It should be noted that the lower cooling water pipe 22 is the water inlet pipe and the upper cooling water pipe 22 is the water outlet pipe, so that the cooling water moves evenly from bottom to top along the cooling cavity. Its function is to control the thermal balance in a high-temperature environment and ensure the safe operation of the equipment and the stability of the process. Therefore, the crystallization shell 21 and the cooling water pipe 22 constitute the crystallization mechanism 2, thereby providing a working space for the consumable electrode 52 to generate electroslag ingots.

[0024] like Figure 1-Figure 2 、 Figure 4 A bottom plate 1 is provided under the crystallization shell 21, and the bottom plate 1 is connected to the ingot extraction mechanism. During operation, the crystallization shell 21 is installed and fixed. As the electroslag ingot grows slowly, the ingot extraction mechanism will control the bottom plate 1 to move downward gradually, thereby realizing that the electroslag ingot is continuously extracted from the crystallization shell 21.

[0025] like Figure 1-Figure 2 The crystal shell 21 is provided with an electrode rod 5, which includes a threaded member 51, a consumable electrode 52 and a dummy electrode 53. Figure 9-10 The cross-sectional shape of the threaded member 51 is T-shaped, and an inner thread groove is provided at the bottom end of the threaded member 51, and an outer thread is provided at the top end of the consumable electrode 52, and the threaded member 51 and the consumable electrode 52 are threadedly sleeved. During operation, the consumable electrode 52 is continuously melted and dripped due to the heating of the current, and passes through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. The top end of the threaded member 51 is provided with an outer thread, and an inner thread groove is provided at the bottom end of the dummy electrode 53, and the threaded member 51 and the dummy electrode 53 are threadedly sleeved, so that the threaded member 51 is used to realize a stable connection between the consumable electrode 52 and the dummy electrode 53, and the top end of the dummy electrode 53 is connected to the clamping mechanism, so that the clamping mechanism can effectively control the vertical movement of the consumable electrode 52 and the dummy electrode 53 to realize the feeding operation of the electrode rod 5.

[0026] like Figure 1-Figure 3 、 Figure 6-Figure 7The top of the crystal shell 21 fits tightly with the bottom end of the protective cover 31, the top of the outer wall of the crystal shell 21 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, and the bottom end of the outer wall of the protective cover 31 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, the connecting piece 8 on the crystal shell 21 and the connecting piece 8 on the protective cover 31 fit each other, and the two connecting pieces 8 are fixedly connected by bolts, so that the connecting piece 8 can be used to achieve a stable connection between the crystal shell 21 and the protective cover 31. In addition, according to needs, the bottom end of the outer wall of the crystal shell 21 is fixedly sleeved with a connecting piece 8, so that the connecting piece 8 can be used to achieve a stable connection between the crystal shell 21 and other components. A protective circular hole is opened in the middle of the top of the protective cover 31, and the consumable electrode 52 passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover 31. The protective circular hole is a truncated cone with a width at the top and a narrowness at the bottom, and the diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than the diameter of the consumable electrode 52, thereby effectively preventing the consumable electrode 52 from hitting the protective cover 31 during operation and causing damage to the protective cover 31, thereby avoiding affecting the protective effect of the protective cover 31 on the crystal shell 21.

[0027] like Figures 1-8 The top of the protective cover 31 is provided with a fixing mechanism 4, which includes a fixing seat 41, a fixing member 42, a buffer member 43 and a laser member 44. Figure 8 The top of the protective cover 31 is fixedly connected to the bottom of the fixing seat 41, and the top of the fixing seat 41 is fixedly connected to the fixing piece 42 by a bolt. A fixing circular hole is opened in the middle of the fixing piece 42, and the consumable electrode 52 passes through the fixing circular hole of the fixing piece 42. The diameter of the fixing circular hole is adapted to the diameter of the consumable electrode 52, so that the consumable electrode 52 can be limited and fixed during operation to ensure the stability of the consumable electrode 52 and avoid problems such as segregation caused by eccentricity of the consumable electrode 52. A buffer 43 is provided between the outer ring of the fixing piece 42 and the inner ring of the fixing seat 41, and the buffer 43 is fixedly connected to the fixing piece 42. The buffer 43 is in contact with the fixing seat 41, and the buffer 43 is in contact with the fixing seat 41. 3 contains damping fluid, which is a functional liquid with high viscosity and energy absorption characteristics. It is mainly used to slow down mechanical movement, absorb vibration or impact energy, and convert kinetic energy into heat energy for dissipation. A plurality of laser components 44 are provided at the top of the fixing member 42, and the laser components 44 are evenly arranged around the fixing member 42. The laser components 44 can emit lasers. The clamping mechanism corresponding to the laser components 44 is synchronously provided with laser components 44, which can receive lasers. Therefore, during operation, the electrode rod 5 can be calibrated in real time through the two groups of laser components 44. If the laser components 44 detect serious deviation, the staff is required to promptly check whether the fixing mechanism 4 is damaged so that timely maintenance can be carried out.

[0028] like Figure 2The crystallization shell 21, the protective cover 31 and the fixing member 42 are coaxially arranged, and the electrode rod 5 is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixing member 42. The fixing member 42 can be used to limit and fix the electrode rod 5, and the vibration generated by the electrode rod 5 is effectively absorbed by the buffer member 43, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, preventing the consumable electrode 52 from being eccentric due to vibration, and avoiding problems such as segregation and surface defects that affect the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0029] Example 2: Based on Example 1, the electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots further includes a limiting mechanism 6, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 The bottom end of the fixing member 42 is coaxially provided with a limiting mechanism 6, and the limiting mechanism 6 is sleeved on the outside of the electrode rod 5, effectively providing further limiting and fixing effect on the electrode rod 5. The limiting mechanism 6 includes a limiting ring 61, a limiting member 62 and a limiting head 63. Figure 9 、 Figure 11-12 The number of the limiting rings 61 is two, and the inner rings of the two limiting rings 61 are movably connected to the outer wall of the consumable electrode 52. A limiting member 62 is fixedly arranged between the two limiting rings 61. The limiting member 62 is spiral and movably wound around the outer wall of the consumable electrode 52. The number of the limiting members 62 is two, and the two limiting members 62 are evenly arranged around the consumable electrode 52. The structural design of the limiting rings 61 and the limiting members 62 effectively extends the length of the consumable electrode 52 that is fixed in the restricted position, further improving the synchronization between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystal shell 21 and the protective cover 31. The concentricity is ensured, thereby ensuring the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. In addition, the structural design of the limiting ring 61 and the limiting member 62 also provides space for the sufficient contact between the consumable electrode 52 and the argon gas, so that the argon gas can rotate and move along the limiting member 62, thereby effectively preventing the consumable electrode 52 from oxidizing and affecting the forming quality. The top of the upper limiting ring 61 is fixedly connected to the limiting head 63, and the bottom end of the fixing member 42 is provided with a limiting groove, and the fixing member 42 is fixedly connected to the limiting head 63 through the limiting groove. The limiting head 63 can be used to achieve the stability of the limiting ring 61 and the limiting member 62 arranged below the fixing member 42.

[0030] Example 3, based on Example 2, Figure 4-Figure 5The protective cover 31 is a component of the protective mechanism 3, and the protective mechanism 3 also includes an inflation tube 32. The wall surface of the protective cover 31 is fixedly sleeved with the inflation tube 32, and one end of the inflation tube 32 is connected to the protective circular hole, and the other end of the inflation tube 32 is connected to the gas supply mechanism. There are several inflation tubes 32, and several inflation tubes 32 are evenly arranged around the protective cover 31. When working, argon gas can be continuously or intermittently provided through the inflation tube 32 according to actual working needs to isolate external oxygen and avoid oxidation of the consumable electrode 52, which leads to an increase in oxide inclusions in the electroslag ingot and a decrease in surface quality. The inflation tube 32 is obliquely arranged when viewed from above, so as to provide a pushing condition for the rotation of the pushing support mechanism 7.

[0031] The electroslag furnace for high purity smelting of high temperature alloy electroslag ingots also includes a supporting mechanism 7, such as Figure 1-Figure 5 The bottom end of the fixing member 42 is coaxially provided with a support mechanism 7, and the support mechanism 7 is sleeved on the outside of the limiting mechanism 6, effectively improving the stability between the fixing mechanism 4 and the limiting mechanism 6. The support mechanism 7 includes an upper ring 71, a lower ring 72, a support plate 73 and a support head 74. Figure 9 、 Figure 13-14 The top of the upper ring 71 is in contact with the bottom end of the fixing piece 42, and the inner ring of the lower ring 72 is in contact with the outer wall of the limiting piece 62. The lower ring 72 is located below the upper ring 71, and the diameter of the lower ring 72 is smaller than the diameter of the upper ring 71, so that the supporting mechanism 7 can be in contact with the fixing piece 42 and the limiting piece 62 synchronously, so as to provide conditions for the supporting mechanism 7 to stably support the fixing piece 42 and the limiting piece 62. A supporting plate 73 is obliquely arranged between the upper ring 71 and the lower ring 72. There are several supporting plates 73, and several supporting plates 73 are evenly arranged around the upper ring 71 and the lower ring 72, so that the cross-sectional shape between the fixing piece 42, the limiting piece 62 and the supporting mechanism 7 is triangular, which effectively supports the fixing piece 42 and the limiting piece 62 and improves the stability between the fixing piece 42 and the limiting piece 62. The supporting plate 73 is obliquely arranged when viewed from above, so that when the inflation tube 32 discharges argon, The argon gas can directly face the support plate 73 and apply a thrust to the support plate 73, thereby realizing the rotation of the support mechanism 7, so that the argon gas is evenly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height to fully isolate the oxygen. At the same time, when the argon gas moves downward, it is affected by the rotation of the support plate 73 and the trajectory restriction of the limiting member 62. The argon gas will slowly and evenly move downward along the consumable electrode 52, so that the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 changes slowly and stepwise, thereby effectively preventing the limiting member 62 from bending due to excessively rapid temperature changes, thereby improving the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. The top of the upper ring 71 is fixedly connected to the support head 74, and the bottom end of the fixing member 42 is provided with a support groove, and the fixing member 42 is movably connected to the support head 74 through the support groove. The support head 74 can be used to achieve the stability of the upper ring 71, the lower ring 72, and the support plate 73 arranged below the fixing member 42.

[0032] Example 4: Based on Example 3, a smelting process of an electroslag furnace for high purity smelting of high temperature alloy electroslag ingots is as follows: Figures 1-14 , including the following steps: S1. During operation, the consumable electrode 52 is inserted into the crystallization shell 21, and the lower end of the consumable electrode 52 is melted by the current. The molten metal droplets pass through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. During this process, the consumable electrode 52 continues to descend to the crystallization shell 21, and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously drawn out from the bottom of the crystallization shell 21.

[0033] S2. During the movement of the consumable electrode 52, first, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the fixing member 42, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode 52 is effectively absorbed by the buffer member 43, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, preventing the consumable electrode 52 from being eccentric due to vibration, and avoiding problems such as segregation and surface defects that affect the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0034] S3. Afterwards, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism 6, which effectively extends the limited and fixed length of the consumable electrode 52 and further improves the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, thereby ensuring the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0035] S4. Because a support mechanism 7 is provided between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member 42, the limiting member 62 and the support mechanism 7 is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62 and improve the stability between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62.

[0036] S5. During operation, according to actual needs, argon is charged into the consumable electrode 52 through the gas charging pipe 32 so that the argon protects the consumable electrode 52 and effectively blocks the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the consumable electrode 52 from being oxidized and affecting the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0037] S6. When argon is filled into the inflation tube 32, the argon will apply thrust to the support mechanism 7 to drive the support mechanism 7 to rotate, which not only makes the argon uniformly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height, but also makes the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 change slowly and stepwise under the action of the argon, thereby effectively preventing the limiting member 62 from bending due to excessively rapid temperature changes, thereby improving the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0038] The working principle of the method of use of the present invention is as follows: When the electroslag furnace is working, the consumable electrode 52 is inserted into the crystallization shell 21, and current is passed through the consumable electrode 52, so that the lower end of the consumable electrode 52 is melted by the current, and the molten metal droplets pass through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. As time goes by, the consumable electrode 52 continues to descend to the crystallization shell 21, and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously drawn out from the bottom of the crystallization shell 21 until the consumable electrode 52 is fully utilized and the work is terminated.

[0039] During the movement of the consumable electrode 52, first, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the fixing member 42, and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode 52 is effectively absorbed by the buffer member 43, thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, preventing the consumable electrode 52 from being eccentric due to vibration, and avoiding problems such as segregation and surface defects that affect the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. Afterwards, the consumable electrode 52 is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism 6, effectively extending the limited fixing length of the consumable electrode 52, further improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode 52 and the crystallization shell 21 and the protective cover 31, thereby ensuring the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. Because a supporting mechanism 7 is provided between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62, the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member 42, the limiting member 62 and the supporting mechanism 7 is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62 and improve the stability between the fixing member 42 and the limiting member 62.

[0040] During operation, according to actual needs, argon is filled in the direction of the consumable electrode 52 through the gas filling tube 32, so that the argon protects the consumable electrode 52 and effectively blocks the entry of external oxygen, thereby preventing the consumable electrode 52 from being oxidized and affecting the forming quality of the electroslag ingot. When the gas filling tube 32 is filled with argon, the argon will apply thrust to the support mechanism 7 to drive the support mechanism 7 to rotate, which not only makes the argon uniformly distributed on the surface of the consumable electrode 52 at the same height, but also makes the surface temperature of the consumable electrode 52 change slowly and stepwise under the action of argon, thereby effectively preventing the problem of bending of the limiting member 62 due to excessively rapid temperature changes, thereby improving the forming quality of the electroslag ingot.

[0041] The above description of the disclosed embodiments is intended to enable one skilled in the art to implement or use the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to one skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the embodiments shown herein but is intended to conform to the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

Claims

1. An electroslag furnace for high purity smelting of high temperature alloy electroslag ingots, characterized by: include: a crystal shell (21) and a protective cover (31), wherein the top end of the crystal shell (21) is tightly fitted with the bottom end of the protective cover (31); A fixing mechanism (4), the fixing mechanism (4) comprising a fixing seat (41), a fixing member (42) and a buffer member (43), the top end of the protective cover (31) being fixedly connected to the bottom end of the fixing seat (41), and the top end of the fixing seat (41) being fixedly connected to the fixing member (42) via a bolt, a buffer member (43) being provided between an outer ring of the fixing member (42) and an inner ring of the fixing seat (41), and the buffer member (43) being fixedly connected to the fixing member (42), and the buffer member (43) being in contact with and in contact with the fixing seat (41); An electrode rod (5), wherein the crystal shell (21), the protective cover (31) and the fixing member (42) are coaxially arranged, and the electrode rod (5) is movably sleeved in the middle of the fixing member (42); The electrode rod (5) is limited and fixed by the fixing member (42), and the vibration generated by the electrode rod (5) is absorbed by the buffer member (43), thereby improving the concentricity between the consumable electrode (52), the crystal shell (21), and the protective cover (31).

2. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 1, characterized in that: A connecting piece (8) is fixedly sleeved on the top end of the outer wall of the crystal shell (21), and a connecting piece (8) is fixedly sleeved on the bottom end of the outer wall of the protective cover (31). The connecting piece (8) on the crystal shell (21) and the connecting piece (8) on the protective cover (31) fit together, and the two connecting pieces (8) are fixedly connected by bolts.

3. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 2, characterized in that: The electrode rod (5) comprises: A threaded member (51), wherein the cross-sectional shape of the threaded member (51) is T-shaped; A consumable electrode (52), wherein the bottom end of the threaded member (51) is provided with an inner thread groove, and the top end of the consumable electrode (52) is provided with an outer thread, and the threaded member (51) and the consumable electrode (52) are threadedly sleeved; The dummy electrode (53) is provided with an external thread at the top end of the threaded member (51), and an internal thread groove at the bottom end of the dummy electrode (53), and the threaded member (51) and the dummy electrode (53) are threadedly sleeved.

4. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 3, characterized in that: The crystallization shell (21) is a component of the crystallization mechanism (2), and the crystallization mechanism (2) further includes: A cooling water pipe (22) is provided inside the wall of the crystallization shell (21), and a cooling cavity is provided inside the side wall bottom end and the side wall top end of the crystallization shell (21). The cooling water pipe (22) is fixedly sleeved, and one end of the cooling water pipe (22) is fixedly connected to the cooling cavity.

5. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 4, characterized in that: The protective cover (31) is a component of the protective mechanism (3), and the protective mechanism (3) further comprises: An air filling tube (32) is provided at the middle of the top of the protective cover (31), and the consumable electrode (52) passes through the protective circular hole of the protective cover (31). The protective circular hole is in the shape of a truncated cone with a width at the top and a narrowness at the bottom, and the diameter of the protective circular hole is larger than the diameter of the consumable electrode (52). The wall surface of the protective cover (31) is fixedly sleeved with an air filling tube (32), and one end of the air filling tube (32) is connected to the protective circular hole. There are a number of air filling tubes (32), and the plurality of air filling tubes (32) are evenly arranged around the protective cover (31). The air filling tubes (32) are obliquely arranged when viewed from above.

6. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 5, characterized in that: A fixing circular hole is provided in the middle of the fixing piece (42), and the consumable electrode (52) passes through the fixing circular hole of the fixing piece (42), and the diameter of the fixing circular hole is adapted to the diameter of the consumable electrode (52).

7. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 6, characterized in that: Also includes: A limiting mechanism (6), wherein the bottom end of the fixing member (42) is coaxially provided with the limiting mechanism (6), and the limiting mechanism (6) is sleeved on the outside of the electrode rod (5); A supporting mechanism (7) is coaxially provided at the bottom end of the fixing member (42), and the supporting mechanism (7) is sleeved on the outside of the limiting mechanism (6).

8. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (6) comprises: A restriction ring (61), wherein the number of the restriction rings (61) is two, and the inner rings of the two restriction rings (61) are movably sleeved with the outer wall of the consumable electrode (52); A limiting member (62), wherein a limiting member (62) is fixedly provided between the two limiting rings (61), the limiting member (62) is spiral-shaped, and the limiting member (62) is movably wound around the outer wall of the consumable electrode (52), the number of the limiting members (62) is two, and the two limiting members (62) are evenly arranged around the consumable electrode (52); The limiting head (63) is fixedly connected to the top of the limiting ring (61) above, and a limiting groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixing member (42), and the fixing member (42) is fixedly sleeved with the limiting head (63) through the limiting groove.

9. The electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 8, characterized in that: The supporting mechanism (7) comprises: an upper ring (71), wherein the top end of the upper ring (71) is in contact with the bottom end of the fixing member (42); a lower ring (72), wherein the inner ring of the lower ring (72) is in contact with the outer wall of the limiting member (62), the lower ring (72) is located below the upper ring (71), and the diameter of the lower ring (72) is smaller than that of the upper ring (71); A support plate (73), wherein a support plate (73) is obliquely arranged between the upper ring (71) and the lower ring (72), the number of the support plates (73) is several, and the several support plates (73) are evenly arranged around the upper ring (71) and the lower ring (72), and the support plates (73) are obliquely arranged when viewed from above; A support head (74) is fixedly connected to the top of the upper ring (71), a support groove is provided at the bottom end of the fixing member (42), and the fixing member (42) is movably sleeved with the support head (74) through the support groove.

10. The smelting process of the electroslag furnace for high-purity smelting of high-temperature alloy electroslag ingots according to claim 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1. When working, the consumable electrode (52) is inserted into the crystallization shell (21), and the lower end of the consumable electrode (52) is melted by the action of the current, and the metal droplets pass through the slag pool to form an electroslag ingot. During this process, the consumable electrode (52) continues to descend to the crystallization shell (21), and the generated electroslag ingot is continuously drawn out from the bottom of the crystallization shell (21); S2. During the movement of the consumable electrode (52), first, the consumable electrode (52) is limited and fixed by the fixing member (42), and the vibration generated by the consumable electrode (52) is absorbed by the buffer member (43); S3. Afterwards, the consumable electrode (52) is limited and fixed by the limiting mechanism (6), thereby extending the limited and fixed length of the consumable electrode (52); S4. Because a support mechanism (7) is provided between the fixing member (42) and the limiting member (62), the cross-sectional shape between the fixing member (42), the limiting member (62) and the support mechanism (7) is triangular, so as to stably support the fixing member (42) and the limiting member (62); S5. During operation, argon gas is charged into the consumable electrode (52) through the gas charging tube (32) so that the argon gas protects the consumable electrode (52); S6. When the inflation tube (32) is filled with argon gas, the argon gas will exert a thrust on the support mechanism (7) to drive the support mechanism (7) to rotate.

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