An ultra-thick non-ferrous piece welding residual stress elimination device and method

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of stress relief devices, and discloses a device and a method for relieving welding residual stress of an ultrathick non-ferrous metal piece, which comprises an explosion tank and a hardening container. Explosion impact is generated in the explosion tank to relieve the residual stress of metal workpieces in the hardening container. A guide channel is arranged on the hardening container, the inside of the guide channel is provided with a self-adaptive channel, the self-adaptive channel can be self-defined and adjusted to correspond to the shape of the weld of the metal workpiece, the gap between the two groups of flexible clamping plates forms a conduction channel through which the explosion impact passes, and the explosion impact is conducted to the weld of the metal workpiece through the conduction channel. The application forms a directional conduction channel through the gap between the flexible clamping plates, so that the shock wave energy is efficiently focused on the weld to accurately relieve the stress and avoid energy scattering, the anti-explosion stability, and the flexible clamping plate made of metal woven material has the impact resistance and flexible deformation capacity, can maintain the channel sealing property under high-pressure explosion, and prevents energy leakage.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of stress relief devices, and in particular to a device and method for relieving residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts. Background Art

[0002] Residual stress refers to the stress that exists in a structure in the absence of an external load. Residual stress is generated by the non-uniform permanent deformation of an object, such as heat treatment, surface treatment, rolling, welding, casting, etc. Since the material will be subjected to local plastic deformation to some extent during the manufacturing or assembly process, almost all structures have residual stress. The residual stress of welded components is very harmful. On the one hand, it will reduce the strength of the workpiece and cause process defects such as deformation and cracking during manufacturing; on the other hand, it will cause the size of the workpiece to change or reduce its mechanical properties such as fatigue strength and stress corrosion during the natural release process after manufacturing. In order to avoid the harm of residual stress on welded parts, the residual stress on the welded parts needs to be stress relieved.

[0003] The prior art provides a device and method for eliminating residual stress in alloy welding, with application number CN202410523418.4. The device comprises an adjustment assembly, which includes a fixed plate, a side plate, a buffer pad, explosives, a fixed rod, a movable rod, a buffer plate, a screw, a movable plate, a hinged rod, an adjustment plate, an elastic member, and a knob. The invention fixes the buffer pad with adjusted distance and position or presses it onto the alloy part through components such as a cylinder and a hydraulic rod, detonates the explosive, and thereby eliminates the residual stress of the alloy weld. The elastic member and buffer plate are arranged below the fixed plate. The impact force generated by the explosive explosion acts on the buffer plate and is reflected to the weld position, thereby better eliminating stress. The elastic member is adjusted by turning the knob so that the elastic member is in a slightly compressed or semi-compressed state before use, shortening its compression stroke. The elastic force of the elastic member in the compressed state on the buffer plate is obviously increased, which will not affect the device's effect on eliminating residual stress in the weld.

[0004] However, the existing technology, especially this solution, still has the following problems: the transmission path of the explosion shock wave in the existing technology is not optimized, and the explosion energy is easily scattered to the non-weld area during the transmission process, and cannot be accurately focused on the weld, resulting in insufficient residual stress elimination effect on ultra-thick workpieces. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a technical solution and a directional conduction channel to accurately eliminate the stress of the explosion impact and avoid energy scattering, so as to solve the problems in the prior art raised in the above background technology.

[0006] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0007] A device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts, comprising:

[0008] Explosion tank and hardening container, the explosion impact generated inside the explosion tank eliminates the residual stress of the metal workpiece inside the hardening container;

[0009] A guide channel is provided on the hardened container, and an adaptive channel is provided inside the guide channel. The adaptive channel can be customized to correspond to the weld shape of the metal workpiece. The adaptive channel includes two sets of adjustable flexible splints. The gap between the two sets of flexible splints forms a conduction channel for the explosion impact to pass through. The explosion impact is conducted to the weld of the metal workpiece through the conduction channel.

[0010] Preferably, the adaptive channel includes two groups of flexible clamping seats, the flexible clamping plates are installed on the flexible clamping seats, and multiple groups of adjustment rods are provided on the flexible clamping seats. The multiple groups of adjustment rods distributed in an array are supported on the bottom surface of the flexible clamping plates to adjust the shape of the flexible clamping plates.

[0011] Preferably, the flexible clamping seat is also provided with multiple groups of positioning adjustment rods, and the positioning adjustment rods and the adjusting top rods are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence; the positioning adjustment rods are arranged as screw-type adjustment rods, and the adjusting top rods can be adjusted by screw adjustment, and the shapes of the two groups of flexible splints can be further adjusted; specifically, both ends of the flexible splint are fixedly connected to the flexible clamping seat, and optionally, the flexible splint is set to a metal woven material to ensure its explosion impact resistance and its flexible adjustment performance.

[0012] Preferably, two groups of adjustment seats are provided inside the hardening container, and two groups of adjustable positioning seats are installed on the adjustment seats, and the two groups of positioning seats are used to position and lock the metal workpiece.

[0013] Preferably, the metal workpiece is provided with a through hole, the adjustment seat is equipped with an adjustment screw for adjusting the two sets of positioning seats, and the two sets of adjustment seats are equipped with reinforcement rods, which lock the metal workpiece through the through hole of the metal workpiece.

[0014] Preferably, a reinforcement channel is provided at one end of the explosion tank, a connecting channel is connected to the guide channel of the hardened container, and the explosion tank is communicated with the connecting channel through the reinforcement channel.

[0015] Preferably, a shell is provided on the outside of the reinforcement channel, the reinforcement channel is configured as a conical structure, a reinforcement bracket is provided on the inside of the shell, and the reinforcement bracket is supported on the outside of the reinforcement channel.

[0016] Preferably, the hardened container is provided with an exhaust cavity and a reinforced door, the exhaust cavity is provided with multiple groups of exhaust pipes, the exhaust pipes are used for exhausting the explosion inside the hardened container, and the reinforced door is installed with a buffer plate for buffering the impact of the explosion; the reinforced door is provided with multiple groups of mounting tubes, the mounting tubes are provided with buffer springs, and the buffer plate is installed on the reinforced door through multiple groups of mounting tubes.

[0017] Preferably, a reinforcement flange is provided at the connection between the reinforcement channel and the connecting channel, and a base is provided at the bottom of the hardening container, which is used to adjust the height of the hardening container to ensure that the connecting channel and the reinforcement channel are aligned.

[0018] The present invention also provides a stress elimination method, which uses an ultra-thick nonferrous metal welding residual stress elimination device, comprising the following steps:

[0019] Step 1: Workpiece installation and positioning;

[0020] Step 2: Adaptive channel matching weld;

[0021] Adjust the shape of the flexible splints so that the two sets of flexible splints are bent and deformed to form a channel gap that matches the geometric shape of the workpiece weld to form an adaptive channel;

[0022] Step 3: Explosion system connection and sealing;

[0023] Step 4: Implementation of directional blast impact;

[0024] Step 5: Pressure relief and exhaust;

[0025] Step 6: Remove and inspect the workpiece.

[0026] Technical effects and advantages of the present invention: Compared with the prior art, the device and method for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick non-ferrous metal parts proposed by the present invention have the following advantages:

[0027] The present invention forms a directional conduction channel through the gap between the flexible splints, so that the shock wave energy can be efficiently focused on the weld to accurately eliminate stress, avoid energy scattering, and significantly improve the residual stress elimination efficiency of ultra-thick workpieces; it has strong adaptability, and the adaptive channel is compatible with arbitrarily complex welds by adjusting the splint shape without the need to replace hardware; it has explosion-proof stability, and the flexible splint made of metal braided material has both impact resistance and flexible deformation capabilities, maintaining the channel sealing under high-pressure explosions to prevent energy leakage. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] Figure 1 This is one of the structural diagrams of the stress relief device of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 This is the second structural diagram of the stress relief device of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the stress relief device of the present invention;

[0031] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the hardened container in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment seat and the positioning seat in the embodiment of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the side structure of a hardened container according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of the adjustment seat and the adaptive channel in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 8 FIG. 4 is a schematic diagram of a specific structure of an adaptive channel in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0036] In the picture:

[0037] 11. Explosion can; 12. Shell; 13. Reinforced channel; 14. Reinforced bracket; 15. Connecting channel; 16. Reinforced flange;

[0038] 21. Hardened container; 22. Exhaust cavity; 23. Reinforced door; 24. Guide channel; 25. Buffer plate; 26. Mounting pipe; 27. Exhaust pipe; 28. Base; 29. ​​Adjustment seat; 210. Positioning seat; 211. Reinforcement rod; 212. Adjustment screw; 213. Adaptive channel; 214. Flexible splint; 215. Flexible clamping seat; 216. Adjustment rod; 217. Positioning adjustment rod;

[0039] 31. Metal workpieces. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0040] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to exemplary embodiments. It should be understood that these embodiments are discussed solely to enable those skilled in the art to better understand and implement the subject matter described herein, and that the functions and arrangements of the elements discussed may be varied without departing from the scope of this specification. Various examples may omit, substitute, or add various processes or components as needed. Furthermore, features described for some examples may be combined in other examples.

[0041] The invention provides Figures 1 to 8 As shown, a device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts comprises:

[0042] The explosion tank 11 and the hardening container 21 are configured such that the explosion shock generated inside the explosion tank 11 eliminates the residual stress of the metal workpiece 31 inside the hardening container 21;

[0043] The hardened container 21 is provided with a guide channel 24, and an adaptive channel 213 is provided inside the guide channel 24. The adaptive channel 213 can be customized to correspond to the weld shape of the metal workpiece 31. The adaptive channel 213 includes two groups of adjustable flexible splints 214. The gap between the two groups of flexible splints 214 forms a conduction channel for the explosion shock to pass through, and the explosion shock is conducted to the weld of the metal workpiece 31 through the conduction channel.

[0044] Working Principle: Directed shock conduction: The shock wave generated by the explosive canister 11 enters the adaptive channel 213 through the guide channel 24. The gap formed by two sets of flexible clamps 214 precisely guides the shock wave to the weld area of ​​the workpiece, achieving localized stress relief. Dynamically matching the weld, the flexible clamps 214 can adjust the gap shape to closely fit the weld contour, such as curves and irregular shapes, ensuring that the shock wave fully covers the weld surface.

[0045] Precise stress relief: the gaps between the flexible splints 214 form a directional conduction channel, which allows the shock wave energy to be efficiently focused on the weld, avoiding energy scattering and significantly improving the residual stress elimination efficiency of ultra-thick workpieces; strong adaptability: the adaptive channel 213 is compatible with any complex weld by adjusting the splint shape without the need to replace hardware; explosion-proof stability: the flexible splints 214 made of metal braided material have both impact resistance and flexible deformation capabilities, maintaining the channel sealing under high-pressure explosions to prevent energy leakage.

[0046] like Figures 6 to 8 As shown, regarding the specific structure of the adaptive channel 213, the adaptive channel 213 includes two groups of flexible clamping seats 215, and the flexible clamping plates 214 are installed on the flexible clamping seats 215. Multiple groups of adjustment top rods 216 are provided on the flexible clamping seats 215. The multiple groups of adjustment top rods 216 distributed in an array are supported on the bottom surface of the flexible clamping plates 214 to adjust the shape of the flexible clamping plates 214.

[0047] like Figure 8 As shown, regarding the specific adjustment method of the adaptive channel 213, the flexible clamping seat 215 is further provided with multiple groups of positioning adjustment rods 217, and the positioning adjustment rods 217 are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence with the adjustment top rods 216; the positioning adjustment rods 217 are set as screw-type adjustment rods, and the adjustment top rods 216 can be adjusted by screw adjustment, and the shapes of the two groups of flexible splints 214 can be further adjusted; specifically, both ends of the flexible splint 214 are fixedly connected to the flexible clamping seat 215, and optionally, the flexible splint 214 is set as a metal braided material to ensure its explosion impact resistance and its flexible adjustment performance.

[0048] Specifically, the metal braiding material of the flexible splint 214 is 316 stainless steel wire mesh (copper alloy wire mesh with equivalent performance may also be used). Specific parameters are: single wire diameter 0.1-0.3mm, weave density 80-90 mesh, and plain weave. This material has the following characteristics:

[0049] Impact resistance: The tensile strength of 316 stainless steel wire is ≥520MPa, and the elongation is ≥40%, which can withstand the instantaneous high pressure generated by the explosion impact;

[0050] Flexible deformation capability: The braided structure allows bending deformation within the range of ±30° and can fit special-shaped welds with a curvature radius of ≥50mm;

[0051] Corrosion resistance: Suitable for eliminating residual stress after welding of non-ferrous metal parts (such as aluminum and copper alloys) to avoid secondary corrosion of the workpiece.

[0052] The above materials are commonly used metal braided materials in the field of mechanical engineering. Technical personnel in the relevant technical field can directly select them according to actual needs. The material properties are clear and verifiable.

[0053] like Figure 4 and Figure 5 As shown, in order to install and fix the metal workpiece 31, two groups of adjustment seats 29 are provided inside the hardening container 21, and two groups of adjustable positioning seats 210 are installed on the adjustment seats 29. The two groups of positioning seats 210 are used to position and lock the metal workpiece 31.

[0054] like Figure 5 As shown, in order to obtain a more stable fixing effect for the metal workpiece 31, a through hole is provided on the metal workpiece 31, and an adjusting screw 212 for adjusting two groups of positioning seats 210 is installed on the adjusting seat 29, and a reinforcement rod 211 is installed on the two groups of adjusting seats 29, and the reinforcement rod 211 locks the metal workpiece 31 through the through hole of the metal workpiece 31.

[0055] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, in order to enhance the explosion impact effect inside the explosion tank 11, an enhancement channel 13 is provided at one end of the explosion tank 11, and a connecting channel 15 is connected to the guide channel 24 of the hardened container 21. The explosion tank 11 is connected to the connecting channel 15 through the enhancement channel 13. Figure 3 As shown, in order to make the reinforcement channel 13 obtain stronger structural strength, a shell 12 is provided on the outside of the reinforcement channel 13, and the reinforcement channel 13 is set as a conical structure. A reinforcement bracket 14 is provided inside the shell 12, and the reinforcement bracket 14 is supported on the outside of the reinforcement channel 13.

[0056] like Figure 4 and Figure 6As shown, regarding the discharge of the internal high-pressure gas after the explosion, the hardened container 21 is provided with an exhaust cavity 22 and a reinforced door 23. The exhaust cavity 22 is provided with multiple sets of exhaust pipes 27, which are used to exhaust the explosion inside the hardened container 21. The reinforced door 23 is installed with a buffer plate 25 for buffering the explosion impact; the reinforced door 23 is provided with multiple sets of mounting pipes 26, and the mounting pipes 26 are provided with buffer springs. The buffer plate 25 is installed on the reinforced door 23 through the multiple sets of mounting pipes 26. Figure 3 As shown, a reinforcement flange 16 is provided at the connection between the reinforcement channel 13 and the connecting channel 15, and a base 28 is provided at the bottom of the hardening container 21. The base 28 is used to adjust the height of the hardening container 21 to ensure that the connecting channel 15 and the reinforcement channel 13 are aligned.

[0057] The present invention also provides a stress elimination method, which uses an ultra-thick nonferrous metal welding residual stress elimination device, comprising the following steps:

[0058] Step 1: Workpiece installation and positioning;

[0059] Place the extra-thick nonferrous metal part to be processed in the hardening container 21, adjust the position of the two sets of positioning seats 210 through the adjustment seat 29, align the through hole of the workpiece with the reinforcement rod 211, insert the reinforcement rod 211 to lock the workpiece, and ensure that the weld is facing the guide channel 24.

[0060] Step 2: Adaptive channel 213 matches the weld seam;

[0061] Operate the positioning adjustment rod 217 to drive the adjustment push rod 216 to bend and deform the two sets of flexible clamps 214 to form a channel gap that completely matches the geometry of the workpiece weld to form an adaptive channel 213; after adjustment, verify that the clamp gap is evenly fitted to the weld;

[0062] Step 3: Explosion system connection and sealing;

[0063] Adjust the height of the base 28 of the hardened container 21 so that the connecting channel 15 is precisely aligned with the reinforced channel 13 of the explosion can 11 through the reinforcement flange 16; close the reinforcement door 23 and ensure that the buffer plate 25 is sealed by the spring pre-tightening of the mounting tube 26;

[0064] Step 4: Implementation of directional blast impact;

[0065] The explosive is detonated in the explosion tank 11, and the shock wave passes through the gap between the enhancement channel 13, the connecting channel 15, the guide channel 24, and the flexible splint 214 of the adaptive channel 213 in sequence; it impacts the weld area of ​​the workpiece in a direction, causing the weld metal layer to undergo plastic deformation and eliminate residual stress;

[0066] Step 5: Pressure relief and exhaust;

[0067] After the explosion, the high-pressure gas is discharged through the exhaust cavity 22 and the exhaust pipe 27, and the buffer plate 25 absorbs the impact vibration of the door body;

[0068] Step 6: Remove and inspect the workpiece;

[0069] After the container is cooled, the reinforcing rod 211 is unlocked, the workpiece is taken out, and the residual stress elimination effect is detected by X-ray diffraction method.

[0070] In summary, the present invention also has the following comprehensive effects:

[0071] Energy transfer path: the high-pressure shock wave generated in the explosion tank 11 passes through the enhancement channel 13, the connecting channel 15, the guide channel 24, the adaptive channel 213, and finally impacts the weld area of ​​the metal workpiece 31 in a directional manner;

[0072] Adaptive weld matching: By adjusting the push rod 216 and the screw-type positioning adjustment rod 217, the two sets of flexible splints 214 are bent and deformed to form a conduction channel that fully matches the weld geometry, ensuring that the shock wave accurately covers the weld.

[0073] Workpiece positioning and protection: the workpiece is locked on the positioning seat 210 by the reinforcement rod 211 through the through hole to prevent displacement; the buffer plate 25 and the exhaust pipe 27 constitute a pressure relief system to absorb the aftermath of the explosion.

[0074] To ensure compatibility with complex welds, the flexible splint 214 can be adjusted through multiple groups of push rod arrays to dynamically match curved or special-shaped welds, such as S-shaped and wavy shapes, breaking through the limitations of traditional fixed channels; efficient energy utilization, the tapered design of the enhanced channel 13 improves the shock wave pressure density, and the adaptive channel 213 focuses energy on the local weld to reduce energy dissipation and improve stress elimination efficiency, especially for ultra-thick workpieces; operational safety redundancy and dual protection mechanism: the buffer plate 25 absorbs door impact through spring shock absorption; multiple exhaust pipes 27 quickly relieve pressure to prevent container overload; workpiece stability is guaranteed, the reinforcement rod 211 passes through the workpiece through-hole and is locked, cooperating with the adjustable positioning seat 210 to prevent thick workpieces from deflecting or vibrating under high-pressure impact.

[0075] The above describes the embodiments of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited to the above specific implementation methods. The above specific implementation methods are merely illustrative and not restrictive. Ordinary technicians in this field can also make many forms under the guidance of the present invention, all of which are protected by the present invention.

Claims

1. A device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts, characterized in that: include: An explosion tank (11) and a hardening container (21), wherein an explosion shock is generated inside the explosion tank (11) to eliminate residual stress on a metal workpiece (31) inside the hardening container (21); The hardening container (21) is provided with a guide channel (24), and an adaptive channel (213) is provided inside the guide channel (24). The adaptive channel (213) can be customized to correspond to the shape of the weld of the metal workpiece (31). The adaptive channel (213) includes two sets of adjustable flexible splints (214). The gap between the two sets of flexible splints (214) forms a conduction channel for the explosion shock to pass through, and the explosion shock is conducted to the weld of the metal workpiece (31) through the conduction channel.

2. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adaptive channel (213) includes two groups of flexible clamping seats (215), the flexible clamping plate (214) is installed on the flexible clamping seat (215), and the flexible clamping seat (215) is provided with multiple groups of adjustment top rods (216). The multiple groups of adjustment top rods (216) distributed in an array are supported on the bottom surface of the flexible clamping plate (214) to adjust the shape of the flexible clamping plate (214).

3. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flexible clamping seat (215) is further provided with a plurality of positioning adjustment rods (217), and the positioning adjustment rods (217) and the adjustment top rods (216) are arranged in a one-to-one correspondence.

4. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: Two groups of adjustment seats (29) are provided inside the hardening container (21), and two groups of adjustable positioning seats (210) are installed on the adjustment seats (29). The two groups of positioning seats (210) are used to position and lock the metal workpiece (31).

5. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 4, characterized in that: The metal workpiece (31) is provided with a through hole, and an adjusting screw (212) for adjusting the two sets of positioning seats (210) is installed on the adjusting seat (29). The two sets of adjusting seats (29) are provided with a reinforcing rod (211), and the reinforcing rod (211) locks the metal workpiece (31) through the through hole of the metal workpiece (31).

6. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the explosion tank (11) is provided with a reinforcement channel (13), the guide channel (24) of the hardening container (21) is connected to a connecting channel (15), and the explosion tank (11) is communicated with the connecting channel (15) via the reinforcement channel (13).

7. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 6, characterized in that: The outer portion of the reinforcement channel (13) is provided with a shell (12), the reinforcement channel (13) is provided with a conical structure, the inner portion of the shell (12) is provided with a reinforcement bracket (14), and the reinforcement bracket (14) is supported on the outer portion of the reinforcement channel (13).

8. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 7, characterized in that: The hardened container (21) is provided with an exhaust cavity (22) and a reinforcement door (23). The exhaust cavity (22) is provided with a plurality of exhaust pipes (27). The exhaust pipes (27) are used for exhausting the explosion inside the hardened container (21). The reinforcement door (23) is provided with a buffer plate (25) for buffering the impact of the explosion. The reinforcement door (23) is provided with a plurality of mounting tubes (26). The mounting tubes (26) are provided with buffer springs. The buffer plate (25) is mounted on the reinforcement door (23) through the plurality of mounting tubes (26).

9. The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to claim 8, characterized in that: A reinforcing flange (16) is provided at the connection between the reinforcing channel (13) and the connecting channel (15), and a base (28) is provided at the bottom of the hardening container (21). The base (28) is used to adjust the height of the hardening container (21) so as to ensure that the connecting channel (15) and the reinforcing channel (13) are aligned.

10. A stress relief method, characterized in that: The device for eliminating residual stress in welding of ultra-thick nonferrous metal parts according to any one of claims 1 to 9 comprises the following steps: Step 1: Workpiece installation and positioning; Step 2, adaptive channel (213) matches the weld; Adjusting the shape of the flexible splints (214) so ​​that the two sets of flexible splints (214) are bent and deformed to form a channel gap that matches the geometric shape of the workpiece weld to form an adaptive channel (213); Step 3: Explosion system connection and sealing; Step 4: Implementation of directional blast impact; Step 5: Pressure relief and exhaust; Step 6: Remove and inspect the workpiece.

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