Fireproof anti-static clothing cloth and preparation method thereof
By employing a multi-layered composite structure and synergistic processing technology, the problem of simultaneously achieving fire resistance and antistatic properties in clothing fabrics has been solved, resulting in highly efficient fire resistance and antistatic effects, and improving the stability and comfort of the fabrics.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510716993.0
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-30
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
Existing clothing fabrics are difficult to simultaneously possess good fire resistance and antistatic properties, and their manufacturing processes are complex and costly, resulting in poor protective effects in special environments.
It adopts a multi-layer composite structure, including a base layer, an antistatic treatment layer and a fire-resistant treatment layer. Through blended fiber, impregnation and spraying processes, a conductive network and a flame-retardant barrier are formed. Combined with gradient drying and three-roll hot rolling processes, synergistic effects are achieved.
It achieves a synergistic improvement in fire resistance and antistatic properties, enhances the stability and comfort of the fabric, and meets the comprehensive protection needs in complex environments.
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Figure CN120683725A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of decorative materials, and in particular to a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric and a preparation method thereof. Background Art
[0002] In modern industrial production and daily life, the performance requirements for clothing fabrics are increasingly stringent, with fire resistance and antistatic properties, in particular, becoming critical requirements in many special applications. In industrial sectors such as petrochemicals, pharmaceuticals, and electronics manufacturing, static electricity can cause explosions or fires, posing significant risks to personnel and equipment. These environments also present fire hazards, placing strict demands on fabrics' fire resistance. In daily life, as people's awareness of safety grows, expectations for clothing's fire resistance and antistatic properties are also rising.
[0003] While some fabrics currently offer either single-function fire resistance or antistatic properties, fabrics that simultaneously deliver both are relatively rare. Most fire-resistant fabrics rely on flame retardants to achieve their fireproofing properties, but these often compromise breathability and comfort, and offer limited antistatic properties. Some antistatic fabrics, on the other hand, typically incorporate conductive fibers or antistatic agents to reduce surface resistivity, but lack effective fire resistance. These single-function fabrics present numerous limitations in practical applications, making them difficult to meet the comprehensive protection needs of specialized environments.
[0004] In addition, the existing technology also has many deficiencies in the preparation process. For example, in the fiber blending process, the compatibility of conductive fibers and flame retardant fibers is poor, which easily leads to uneven fabric structure and affects the performance stability of the final product. Anti-static treatment and fire-resistant treatment processes are often independent of each other, making it difficult to achieve synergistic effects, resulting in unsatisfactory treatment effects. Moreover, some treatment processes are complicated and cumbersome, with high costs, which are not conducive to large-scale promotion and application. Therefore, the development of a clothing fabric that is both effectively fire-resistant and has good anti-static properties and a preparation method thereof is of great practical significance for ensuring industrial production safety and improving the quality of daily life. Summary of the Invention
[0005] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a fire-resistant and anti-static clothing fabric and a preparation method thereof to address the problems in the prior art that it is difficult to achieve both fire resistance and anti-static properties, the preparation process is complex and the cost is high. Through a multi-layer composite structure and a coordinated processing process, high-efficiency fire resistance and anti-static properties are achieved while maintaining the comfort and stability of the fabric, meeting the comprehensive protection needs in special environments.
[0006] To achieve the above object, the technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric, the fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric comprising a base layer, an antistatic treatment layer and a fire-resistant treatment layer; The base layer is composed of blended fibers, which are composed of 5-15 parts by mass of conductive fibers, 10-20 parts by mass of flame retardant fibers, and 75-80 parts by mass of polyester; The antistatic treatment layer is formed on the surface of the base layer by dipping or spraying, and comprises a conductive agent and an adhesive 1; The fire-resistant treatment layer is covered on the outside of the antistatic treatment layer by spraying or coating process, and contains flame retardant and adhesive 2; The conductive agent is a compound shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; The Z1 is: O, S, NH, C(CH3)2.
[0007] Furthermore, the conductive fiber is silver fiber or carbon fiber; and the flame retardant fiber is at least one of aramid fiber, flame retardant viscose fiber or flame retardant acrylic fiber.
[0008] Furthermore, the conductive agent is any one of the compounds shown in the following structures: .
[0009] Furthermore, the flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate.
[0010] Furthermore, the adhesive 1 is polyvinyl alcohol; and the adhesive 2 is acrylate resin.
[0011] Furthermore, the surface resistivity of the fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric is 1×10 6 -10 9 Ω, vertical burning damage length ≤ 10cm, limiting oxygen index ≥ 28%.
[0012] A method for preparing a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric comprises the following steps: S1 blended fiber preparation: the conductive fiber, flame retardant fiber and polyester mixed in parts by mass, the spinning machine was double twist spinning to obtain a base fabric; S2. Antistatic layer treatment: The conductive agent and the adhesive 1 were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.5, and added to an ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 40-60wt% to prepare an impregnation solution with a solid content of 10-15%. The temperature of the impregnation tank was controlled to be 25-35°C, and the base fabric was impregnated at a transmission speed of 6-8m / min for 45-90 seconds, followed by gradient drying in a circulating hot air oven: 80°C × 2min → 120°C × 3min → 150°C × 1min to obtain an antistatic layer base fabric material; S3. Fire-resistant layer coating: The flame retardant and the adhesive 2 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1.2-2.0 at 500-800 rpm for 20-30 minutes to form a flame retardant coating with a viscosity of 800-1200 mPa·s. The flame retardant coating is sprayed three times at a pressure of 0.4-0.5 MPa onto the surface of the antistatic layer base fabric material in a fan-shaped atomization mode. The leveling time is 5-8 minutes between each spraying, and the final surface density is 35-45 g / m 2 The continuous flame retardant film layer is used to obtain the fire-resistant antistatic layer base fabric material; S4. Hot Pressing: The fire-resistant antistatic layer base fabric material is passed through a three-roll hot rolling mill with the upper roll temperature set at 160-170°C, the middle roll temperature set at 170-180°C, and the lower roll temperature set at 160-170°C. The inter-roller pressure is set at 10-12 kN / m. The material is rolled three times at a linear speed of 4-6 m / min, and then rapidly cooled to below 40°C using a water-cooled roller to obtain a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric.
[0013] Furthermore, the gradient temperature rising drying process in S2 needs to maintain a hot air flow rate of 3-5 m / s.
[0014] Furthermore, the parameters of the three interval spraying in S3 specifically include: the first spraying flow rate is 250-300 mL / min, and the nozzle is 20-25 cm away from the substrate; the second spraying flow rate is 180-220 mL / min, and the nozzle is 15-20 cm away from the substrate; the third spraying flow rate is 100-150 mL / min, and the nozzle is 10-15 cm away from the substrate.
[0015] Furthermore, the temperature of the cooling water of the water-cooled roller in S4 is 10-15°C.
[0016] The fire-resistant and anti-static clothing fabric described in the present invention has a three-dimensional conductive network constructed by conductive fibers in the base layer, a high-temperature carbonized skeleton formed by flame-retardant fibers and a polyester matrix, and stress synergistic transmission achieved through a double-strand twisting process. In the functional treatment layer, the conductive agent of the anti-static layer forms a π-π conjugated stable conductive path with the base layer, while the polyvinyl alcohol adhesive is thermally condensed to form a porous membrane structure. The flame retardant of the fire-resistant treatment layer is ceramicized by heat and cross-linked with acrylate to form a gradient barrier. Cross-layer synergy: during combustion, the fire-resistant treatment layer and the flame-retardant fibers form a double-layer thermal insulation system, the pyrolysis products of the anti-static layer quench the free radical reaction, and the three-roll hot rolling process promotes the formation of an interpenetrating network structure at the interface, ultimately achieving a surface resistivity of 1×10 6 -10 9 Ω, vertical burning damage length ≤ 10cm, limiting oxygen index ≥ 28% synergistic unity.
[0017] The base layer described in this invention uses a twist spinning process to create a three-dimensional interpenetrating network of conductive and flame-retardant fibers within a polyester matrix, creating a charge-conducting framework and a primary flame-retardant barrier. The functional treatment layers (antistatic and fire-resistant) utilize gradient drying and three-step spraying to promote hydrogen bonding and van der Waals forces at the interface between the conductive agent's π-π conjugated pathways and the flame retardant's ceramic framework. Three-roll hot rolling induces the formation of an interpenetrating network between polyvinyl alcohol and acrylic acid, simultaneously optimizing the charge dissipation rate and the flame-retardant layer's expansion coefficient. Deviating from the present invention's range for any process parameter or component ratio will result in a breakage of the conductive network, a decrease in the density of the flame-retardant layer, and a loss of mechanical strength, failing to meet the required combined performance requirements of "no static electricity accumulation, flame retardancy, and no dripping, and high strength and tear resistance" under extreme operating conditions.
[0018] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. Synergistic improvement of dual protection performance: Through multi-layer composite structure and component optimization design, the synergistic improvement of fire resistance and anti-static performance is achieved, which significantly improves the defect of traditional technology where a single function dominates while the other performance is limited, and meets the comprehensive protection needs in complex environments.
[0019] 2. Enhanced process stability and durability: Based on the synergistic effect of gradient drying, three-step spraying and hot pressing molding processes, the interface peeling or stress concentration of the functional layer is effectively avoided, and the performance stability of the fabric is improved under long-term use or extreme working conditions.
[0020] 3. Balance of material compatibility and comfort: Through the specific ratio of blended fiber substrate and functional agent molecular structure design, the uniform distribution of the conductive network and flame retardant barrier is ensured, and the mechanical strength and breathability of the fabric are optimized simultaneously, avoiding the stiffness or decreased breathability caused by excessive additives in traditional technologies. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0021] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of a fire-resistant and antistatic clothing fabric according to the present invention; The 1 is a base layer, the 2 is an antistatic treatment layer, and the 3 is a fire-resistant treatment layer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0022] The following will clearly and completely describe the technical solution of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the embodiments described are only some embodiments of the present invention, not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts are within the scope of protection of the present invention.
[0023] Synthesis example 1 Synthesis of conductive agent 1: ; Step 1: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 20 g of raw material 1, 29.45 g of raw material 2, 26.07 g of potassium carbonate, 3.27 g of tetrakis(triphenylphosphine)palladium, and 250 g of a mixed solution consisting of benzene, ethanol, and water (volume ratio 2:1:1) were added to the reaction system in sequence, heated to 75°C and refluxed for 10 hours. The heating was turned off, the mixture was cooled to room temperature, and the mixture was allowed to stand for separation. The aqueous phase was extracted twice with ethyl acetate, the organic phases were combined, washed three times with water, spin-dried, and subjected to column chromatography using a mixture of petroleum ether and dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 28.08 g of intermediate 1.
[0024] Step 2: Under a nitrogen atmosphere, 28.08 g of intermediate 1, 18.75 g of aluminum trichloride and 280 g of toluene were added to the reaction system in sequence. After stirring and mixing evenly, the system temperature was lowered to -20°C, and 100 ml of toluene solution containing 20.30 g of raw material 3 was added dropwise. The temperature was raised to room temperature and the reaction was carried out for 6 hours. After the reaction was completed, the pH of the system was adjusted to neutral with 0.1 mol / L hydrochloric acid aqueous solution, 200 g of water was added thereto, the mixture was shaken, allowed to stand, the liquid was separated, the organic phase was retained, the mixture was spin-dried, and column chromatography was performed using a mixture of petroleum ether and dichloromethane as an eluent to obtain 26.55 g of conductive agent 1.
[0025] Compound structure identification of conductive agent 1: 1.MS[MS+1]:604; 2. 1 HNMR-deuterated chloroform: δ8.45-8.32 (m, 5H), 8.21-8.16 (m, 1H), 7.89 (dd, 1H), 7.76-7.63 (m, 2H), 7.62-7.44 (m, 7H), 7.36 (s, 1H), 6.51 (d, 1H), 1.65 (s, 6H).
[0026] Synthesis Example 2-Synthesis Example 4 Conductive Agents 2 to 4 were synthesized sequentially in Synthesis Examples 2 to 4, following the same synthesis method as in Synthesis Example 1, except that Raw Material 1 was substituted. The specific structures of Raw Material 1, Conductive Agents 2 to 4, and their MS [MS+1] data are shown in the table below.
[0027] Example 1 A method for preparing fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric, comprising the following steps: S1. Preparation of blended fibers: 10 parts by weight of carbon fiber (conductive fiber), 15 parts of aramid fiber (flame retardant fiber), and 75 parts of polyester fiber were mixed. Using a two-ply twist spinning process, the yarn was twisted at 1200 twists / meter on a spinning machine to produce a base fabric with a yarn density of 28 tex. The base fabric weighed 180 g / m. 2 The warp and weft density is 60×50 threads / cm.
[0028] S2. Antistatic layer treatment: Conductive agent 1 prepared in Synthesis Example 1 was mixed with polyvinyl alcohol (binder 1) in a 1:1 mass ratio. A 50wt% ethanol aqueous solution was added to prepare an impregnation solution with a solids content of 12%. The base fabric was passed through an impregnation tank (30°C) at a speed of 7m / min for 60 seconds before entering a circulating hot air oven. The gradient drying parameters were: 80°C for 2 minutes (hot air velocity 4m / s) → 120°C for 3 minutes → 150°C for 1 minute. This yielded the antistatic layer base fabric material.
[0029] S3. Refractory coating: Ammonium polyphosphate (flame retardant) and acrylic resin (binder 2) were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:1.5 and stirred at 600 rpm for 25 minutes to produce a flame-retardant coating with a viscosity of 1000 mPa·s. Three spraying cycles were performed using a high-pressure sprayer (pressure 0.45 MPa): first at a flow rate of 280 mL / min, with the nozzle 22 cm from the substrate; second at a flow rate of 200 mL / min, with the nozzle 18 cm from the substrate; and third at a flow rate of 120 mL / min, with the nozzle 12 cm from the substrate. Each spraying cycle was allowed to level for 6 minutes, resulting in a final surface density of 40 g / m². 2 The continuous flame retardant film layer is used to obtain the fire-resistant and antistatic layer base fabric material.
[0030] S4. Thermoforming: The treated fabric was passed through a three-roll hot rolling mill with roller temperatures set at 165°C (upper roll), 175°C (middle roll), and 165°C (lower roll), with a pressure between the rollers of 11 kN / m, and a linear speed of 5 m / min. The fabric was then quenched to 35°C (with cooling water at 12°C) using a water-cooled roller, resulting in a fire-resistant and antistatic fabric.
[0031] Example 2-Example 4 A fire-resistant and antistatic clothing fabric is prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1, except that the conductive agent is replaced with the conductive agents synthesized in Synthesis Examples 2 to 6 in sequence, and the rest remains the same as Example 1.
[0032] Comparative Example 1 A fire-resistant and antistatic clothing fabric was prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1, except that the conductive agent was replaced with comparative compound 1, and the rest remained the same as Example 1.
[0033] Comparative compound 1: .
[0034] Comparative Example 2 A fire-resistant and antistatic clothing fabric is prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1, except that the conductive agent is not added, and the rest of the steps remain the same as in Example 1.
[0035] Comparative Example 3 A fire-resistant and antistatic clothing fabric is prepared by referring to the preparation method of Example 1, except that the flame retardant is not added, and the rest of the steps are the same as those of Example 1.
[0036] Performance testing: 1. Fire resistance test: The afterflame time, smoldering time, and damage length of a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric prepared in the examples and comparative examples were tested with reference to GB / T5455-2014 "Fire performance of textiles - Determination of vertical damage length, smoldering and afterflame time."
[0037] 2. Surface resistance test: Refer to GB / T12703.1-2021 "Test method for electrostatic properties of textiles" to test the surface resistivity of a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric prepared in the example and comparative example.
[0038] See the table below for data.
[0039] All examples exhibited no afterflaming / smoldering, short damage lengths, and stable antistatic performance within a reasonable range, demonstrating the effectiveness of the technical solution in synergistically optimizing key performance characteristics. In contrast, the absence or replacement of the conductive agent or flame retardant in the comparative examples resulted in significant deficiencies in either single or combined performance: replacing or completely removing the conductive agent significantly weakened the antistatic capability, while removing the flame retardant significantly increased the burning time and extent of damage. This demonstrates that the synergistic effect of the components of this technical solution is crucial to maintaining comprehensive performance.
[0040] While embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described, it will be appreciated by those skilled in the art that various changes, modifications, substitutions, and variations may be made to these embodiments without departing from the principles and spirit of the invention, and that the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims and their equivalents.
Claims
1. A fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric, characterized in that: The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric comprises a base layer (1), an antistatic treatment layer (2) and a fire-resistant treatment layer (3); The base layer (1) is composed of blended fibers, wherein the blended fibers are composed of 5-15 parts by weight of conductive fibers, 10-20 parts by weight of flame-retardant fibers, and 75-80 parts by weight of polyester; The antistatic treatment layer (2) is formed on the surface of the base layer by dipping or spraying, and comprises a conductive agent and an adhesive 1; The fire-resistant treatment layer (3) is covered on the outside of the antistatic treatment layer by spraying or coating process, and contains a flame retardant and an adhesive 2; The conductive agent is a compound shown in Formula 1: Formula 1; The Z1 is: O, S, NH, C(CH3)2.
2. The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive fibers are silver fibers or carbon fibers; The flame retardant fiber is at least one of aramid fiber, flame retardant viscose fiber or flame retardant acrylic fiber.
3. The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The conductive agent is any one of the compounds shown in the following structures: 。 4. The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flame retardant is ammonium polyphosphate.
5. The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The adhesive 1 is polyvinyl alcohol; The adhesive 2 is an acrylate resin.
6. The fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 1, characterized in that: The surface resistivity of the fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric is 1×10 6 -10 9 Ω, vertical burning damage length ≤ 10cm, limiting oxygen index ≥ 28%.
7. A method for preparing a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to any one of claims 1 to 6, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: S1 blended fiber preparation: the conductive fiber, flame retardant fiber and polyester mixed in parts by mass, the spinning machine was double twist spinning to obtain a base fabric; S2. Antistatic layer treatment: The conductive agent and the adhesive 1 were mixed in a mass ratio of 1:0.8-1.5, and added to an ethanol aqueous solution with a concentration of 40-60wt% to prepare an impregnation solution with a solid content of 10-15%. The temperature of the impregnation tank was controlled to be 25-35°C, and the base fabric was impregnated at a transmission speed of 6-8m / min for 45-90 seconds, followed by gradient drying in a circulating hot air oven: 80°C × 2min → 120°C × 3min → 150°C × 1min to obtain an antistatic layer base fabric material; S3. Fire-resistant layer coating: The flame retardant and the adhesive 2 are mixed at a mass ratio of 1:1.2-2.0 at 500-800 rpm for 20-30 minutes to form a flame retardant coating with a viscosity of 800-1200 mPa·s. The flame retardant coating is sprayed three times at a pressure of 0.4-0.5 MPa onto the surface of the antistatic layer base fabric material in a fan-shaped atomization mode. The leveling time is 5-8 minutes between each spraying, and the final surface density is 35-45 g / m 2 The continuous flame retardant film layer is used to obtain the fire-resistant antistatic layer base fabric material; S4. Hot Pressing: The fire-resistant antistatic layer base fabric material is passed through a three-roll hot rolling mill with the upper roll temperature set at 160-170°C, the middle roll temperature set at 170-180°C, and the lower roll temperature set at 160-170°C. The inter-roller pressure is set at 10-12 kN / m. The material is rolled three times at a linear speed of 4-6 m / min, and then rapidly cooled to below 40°C using a water-cooled roller to obtain a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric.
8. The method for preparing a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The gradient temperature rising drying process in S2 needs to maintain the hot air flow rate at 3-5m / s.
9. The method for preparing a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The parameters of the three interval spraying in S3 specifically include: the first spraying flow rate is 250-300 mL / min, and the nozzle is 20-25 cm away from the substrate; the second spraying flow rate is 180-220 mL / min, and the nozzle is 15-20 cm away from the substrate; the third spraying flow rate is 100-150 mL / min, and the nozzle is 10-15 cm away from the substrate.
10. The method for preparing a fire-resistant antistatic clothing fabric according to claim 7, characterized in that: The temperature of the cooling water of the water-cooled roller in S4 is 10-15°C.