Single-layer cold storage high-clearance sky surface heat preservation high-altitude operation-free method

Abstract

The invention relates to a high-clearance sky surface heat-preservation high-altitude operation-free method for a single-layer refrigeration house, and belongs to the technical field of building installation. According to the method, manufacturing of the cold storage roofing heat preservation layer is completed on the ground, and the heat preservation layer is integrally hoisted to the designed height and fixed to a roofing building by adopting an electric hoist group hoisting system capable of being hung upside down through a loop chain and combining a carrying pole beam, a linkage control box and an elastic guider. According to the method, through lifting point mechanical calculation, load balanced distribution and special tool configuration, the problems of safety risk and low efficiency of traditional high-altitude operation are solved, synchronous installation of the heat preservation layer and subsidiary facilities (such as lighting and air pipes) is achieved, the construction efficiency can be improved, the cost is reduced, and the construction safety is remarkably improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of building installation, and in particular to a method for heat-insulating a high-clearance ceiling of a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations. Background Art

[0002] In the traditional single-layer cold storage roof insulation construction, regardless of the second-level, third-level and special-level high-altitude operations, the general

[0003] Use aerial work vehicles, lifting platforms or scaffolding

[0004] Material transportation and installation. This method has significant problems:

[0005] Insufficient safety: Workers working at heights need to operate in dangerous environments for a long time, and are prone to falling accidents.

[0006] Inefficiency: Construction requires repeated transport of materials and equipment to high altitudes, which is a cumbersome process and relies on manual operation, resulting in extended construction time. High-altitude welding, splicing and other operations are subject to environmental restrictions, making it difficult to achieve large-scale construction.

[0007] Expensive: It requires renting large-scale aerial machinery and building temporary facilities, which takes up a lot of money; aerial work is inefficient and requires high skills and physical fitness of personnel, requiring a large investment of manpower, and is prone to additional losses due to rework or accidents. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The purpose of this section is to summarize some aspects of the embodiments of the present invention and briefly introduce some preferred embodiments. Some simplifications or omissions may be made in this section and the abstract and title of this application to avoid obscuring the purpose of this section, the abstract and the title of the invention, and such simplifications or omissions should not be used to limit the scope of the present invention.

[0009] In view of the above problems in the prior art, the inventors proposed the present invention.

[0010] Therefore, the purpose of the present invention is to overcome the deficiencies in the prior art and provide a method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance ceiling without high-altitude operation.

[0011] In order to solve the above technical problems, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: a method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and no high-altitude operation, comprising the following steps:

[0012] (1) Determine the coordinate position and number of the group lifting points, and perform load balancing calculation based on the cold storage roof insulation form, unit area weight, rated lifting capacity of the electric hoist and the mechanical parameters of the shoulder beam;

[0013] (2) Prefabricate the thermal insulation roof on the ground and pre-install auxiliary facilities on the thermal insulation layer;

[0014] (3) The insulation layer is hoisted to the designed height through the electric hoist group lifting system with a shoulder beam and a chain;

[0015] (4) A linkage control box is used to synchronously adjust the lifting speed and load of each electric hoist, and the horizontal displacement of the insulation layer is controlled by an elastic guide;

[0016] (5) After the hoisting is completed, the insulation layer is welded to the roof structure and the escape hatch is filled.

[0017] As a preferred solution of the high-clearance ceiling insulation method for a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, the spacing between the group hanging points is determined according to the size of the cold storage and the weight of the insulation layer.

[0018] As a preferred solution of the high-clearance ceiling insulation method for a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operation described in the present invention, the shoulder pole beam is made of Q235A carbon steel No. 18a channel steel, and its maximum bending moment stress is less than the allowable stress of the material.

[0019] As a preferred solution for the high-clearance ceiling insulation method of a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, the rated lifting capacity of the chain-mounted inverted electric hoist is 2t, the lifting speed is ≤5m / min, the lifting height is ≤22m, and the number of linkage control consoles is 20-24.

[0020] As a preferred solution for the high-clearance ceiling insulation method of a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, the elastic guide is installed around the insulation layer to limit the horizontal swing during the lifting process, the 4-point lifting speed is not more than 5 / min, the lifting height is within 22m or higher, and the uneven load difference is not more than 20%.

[0021] As a preferred embodiment of the method for insulating a single-story cold storage with a high-clearance ceiling without overhead work, the linkage control box displays the current data of each electric hoist in real time for monitoring load balance. As a preferred embodiment of the method for insulating a single-story cold storage with a high-clearance ceiling without overhead work, the insulation layer is fixed to the ceiling structure by welding or bolting.

[0022] As a preferred solution of the high-clearance ceiling insulation method for a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, the ancillary facilities include lighting, air ducts and exhaust pipes, etc., which can be pre-installed on the ground and then hoisted simultaneously with the insulation layer.

[0023] As a preferred solution of the high-clearance ceiling insulation method for a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, an escape hatch with a size of 600mm×600mm needs to be reserved before hoisting, and a descender fulcrum is set.

[0024] As a preferred solution of the high-clearance ceiling insulation method for a single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operations described in the present invention, in the load balancing calculation, the single hanging point load does not exceed 80% of the rated load of the electric hoist, and the unbalanced load difference is ≤20%.

[0025] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: by prefabricating the insulation layer on the ground and hoisting it as a whole, high-altitude operations are completely avoided, eliminating the risk of personnel falling; the introduction of elastic guides effectively controls the horizontal swing during the hoisting process, prevents the insulation layer from colliding with the building structure, and further ensures construction safety; the use of group hoisting systems and linkage control technology enables the synchronous hoisting of the insulation layer and its ancillary facilities (such as lighting and air ducts), reducing cross-operation of multiple types of work; the ground prefabrication mode simplifies the construction process and shortens the construction period; there is no need to rent high-altitude work equipment, reducing machinery investment; the modular design of special tools (such as shoulder beams, parent-child ring hangers) supports rapid disassembly and reuse, reducing material loss and labor costs; the arrangement of lifting points and balanced load distribution based on mechanical calculations ensures that the insulation layer is evenly stressed and avoids local deformation; the linkage control box monitors the load of each lifting point in real time, dynamically adjusts the lifting speed, and improves installation accuracy and structural stability; the present invention can adapt to the needs of cold storage of different sizes, and is also suitable for the complex construction environment of high-headroom and large-span cold storage, providing a universal solution for the industry. Illustrations

[0026] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the connecting sleeve of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 Schematic diagram of a hanging sleeve with a mother-and-child ring according to the present invention.

[0028] Figure 3 This is a partial perspective diagram of the cold storage machine-made panel insulation ceiling group hanging of the present invention

[0029] Figure 4 It is a partial perspective schematic diagram of the cold storage polyurethane on-site spray insulation ceiling group hanging of the present invention.

[0030] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the 18a channel steel connecting pipe sleeve of the present invention.

[0031] Figure 6 Schematic diagram of the roller elastic guide of the present invention DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the above-mentioned objects, features and advantages of the present invention more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present invention are described in detail below in conjunction with the embodiments of the specification.

[0033] In the following description, many specific details are set forth to facilitate a full understanding of the present invention. However, the present invention may also be implemented in other ways different from those described herein. Those skilled in the art may make similar generalizations without violating the connotation of the present invention. Therefore, the present invention is not limited to the specific embodiments disclosed below.

[0034] Secondly, the term "one embodiment" or "embodiment" herein refers to a specific feature, structure, or characteristic that may be included in at least one implementation of the present invention. The phrase "in one embodiment" appearing in various places throughout this specification does not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, nor does it constitute a separate or selective embodiment that is mutually exclusive with other embodiments.

[0035] Example 1

[0036] Reference Figure 1-3 This embodiment provides a method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance ceiling without high-altitude operation, specifically a single cold storage machine panel assembled ceiling.

[0037] Cold storage parameters: internal net dimensions 75.6m×21m×20m, insulation layer is assembled with 250mm thick polyurethane machine-made panels, total weight 1587.6㎡×20.86kg / ㎡=33.1 tons.

[0038] Implementation steps

[0039] Calculation and verification of the hanging point coordinates: The proposed assembly board specifications are 7m×1.2m×0.25m, and the bending moment M=1682

[0040] kg·m, maximum stress = 1191.2 kg / cm2.

[0041] Longitudinal spacing: Based on the cold storage length of 75.6m, 3 rows of hanging points are designed. The row spacing is 7m except for 3.5m from the wall. The total span covers 63 machine-made panels.

[0042] Horizontal spacing: The cold storage is 21m wide and is designed with 8 rows of hanging points. The row spacing is 9.6m except for the 4.2m from the wall, corresponding to 3 machine-made panels.

[0043] Mechanical verification: The shoulder beam is made of 18a channel steel, subjected to a uniformly distributed load q = 145kg / m, the maximum bending moment at mid-span M = 1682kg·m, and the maximum stress σ = 1191.2kg / cm 2 , less than the allowable stress of Q235A 1250kg / cm 2 .

[0044] Equipment configuration and installation:

[0045] Electric hoist: 24 sets of 2t rated lifting capacity electric chain hoists are selected, with a maximum load of 1444.36kg (<2t×80%=1600kg) for a single lifting point.

[0046] Shoulder pole beam connection: An M16 mushroom bolt is installed through the center of each machine-made plate, and connected to the channel steel through a cold-drawn connecting sleeve to ensure uniform load transmission.

[0047] Elastic guide: Two roller guides are installed on each side of the insulation layer. The magnetic base is adsorbed on the surface of the roof insulation board. The spring preload force is set to 300N to effectively limit horizontal swing.

[0048] Technical effects:

[0049] Improved efficiency: The total ground assembly period is shortened from the traditional 20 days to less than 10 days.

[0050] Cost savings: Reduce aerial work vehicle rental costs by tens of thousands of yuan and reduce labor costs by more than 50%.

[0051] Safety: There is no high-altitude operation throughout the process, and the accident rate is zero.

[0052] Example 2

[0053] Reference Figure 1-4 This embodiment provides a method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and no high-altitude operation, specifically;

[0054] Cold storage parameters: internal net dimensions 39.6m×22m×20m, insulation layer is 250mm polyurethane sprayed on site, total weight 871.2㎡×32kg / ㎡=27.9 tons.

[0055] Implementation steps:

[0056] Skeleton design and spraying process:

[0057] Upper and lower chord frames: The upper chord is welded with 40×4 angle steel @1100×1100, and the lower chord is welded with 30x30x3 angle steel @1100×1100, supported by Φ18 nylon rods to form a 250mm high bracket. Seal 0.426 thick V-shaped pressed color steel plate.

[0058] Spraying parameters: polyurethane density 35kg / m 3 ~38kg / m 3 , layered spraying thickness 50mm / 5 times, interval 30 minutes.

[0059] Lifting point optimization and load distribution:

[0060] Longitudinal spacing: 5 rows of hanging points are designed, with a row spacing of 4.4m, covering a cold storage width of 22m (22÷4.4=5).

[0061] Horizontal spacing: 4 rows of hanging points are designed, with a row spacing of 9.9m, covering a cold storage length of 39.6m (39.6÷9.9=4).

[0062] Concentrated load verification: single hanging point load is 1393.92kg, maximum bending moment of shoulder beam is 1703.68kg·m, stress σ=1205kg / cmx, and safety reserve factor is greater than 2.

[0063] The technical effect achieved: the construction period and labor cost are reduced by more than half compared with aerial work. The safety is high and the accident rate is zero.

[0064] Material utilization: Ground spraying reduces high-altitude losses.

[0065] This invention, through systematic innovation, addresses three key challenges in traditional cold storage roof insulation construction: high-altitude work risks, inefficiency, and high costs. Through load calculations for the shoulder beam and dynamic adjustment of the lifting points, a balance between structural safety and cost-effectiveness is ensured. Elastic guides, linkage control boxes, and other equipment form a standardized toolkit tailored to the needs of cold storages of varying sizes. Lighting, air ducts, and other components are pre-installed on the ground, reducing overhead cross-operation and shortening the construction period by over 30%. Pre-reserved openings and a descender design balance construction safety with ease of transportation.

[0066] It is suitable for fields with high requirements on cleanliness and safety, such as food cold chain and pharmaceutical warehousing. At the same time, the group lifting principle of the present invention can be extended to scenarios such as large factory roof installation and ship section construction.

[0067] Compared with traditional methods:

[0068] index The present invention Traditional aerial work Construction period 50%-60% shortened Long cycle Safety accident rate 0％ 0.5%-1% per year Comprehensive cost 5-10% reduction Equipment leasing accounts for a high proportion Environmental protection Reduce material waste High-altitude spraying has large losses

[0069] It should be noted that

[0070] 〈1〉Several things that need to be done.

[0071] 1. The location and number of group lifting points should be determined in sync with the planning and design of the project.

[0072] After a project goes into production, its usability, practicality, rationality, advancement, and cost-effectiveness largely depend on the scientific and rational planning. This "No-Aerial Work Method" recommends involving insulation professionals during the project planning phase to collaborate on the successful implementation of the group crane system. Relevant parameters for the group crane system, such as coordinate location, quantity, and load, should be promptly submitted to the design department, with hooks reserved for construction. Construction departments should also be instructed to engrave contour lines and cold storage insulation surface lines at 2m intervals along the interior walls and columns upon plastering to facilitate group crane operations.

[0073] 2. This method of not working at height mainly involves lifting the roof insulation of a single-story high-clearance cold storage to the designed height after the ground is completed, which basically eliminates the need for high-altitude work. As for how to make the insulation layer, how to fix it to the roof structure, and how to connect it with the wall insulation, it is still mainly based on the habits or best practices of each professional unit.

[0074] 3. The electric hoist or hoist drag chain, the operator's safety belt, the hanging ring and the reserved hook on the roof surface. Since the compressive strength of the insulation roof, whether it is a machine-made board or on-site sprayed, is low, it is not enough to resist the crushing of the aerial work vehicle or lifting platform. Moreover, the so-called construction on the ground is not close to the ground, but is supported to a suitable height by a bracket similar to a stool. Therefore, this high-altitude operation method believes that the above three instruments can only be hung in advance by an aerial work vehicle or a mobile four-post aluminum alloy lifting platform before the roof insulation layer is constructed (since the chain of the chain hoist is easy to install and remove, the chain can be fastened first and then installed with the hoist during group lifting operations).

[0075] 4. Reserve a clear distance of no less than 1.6m for hanging. Since the hanging parts have a certain length and the electric hoist has a minimum retraction distance, the net distance between the insulation roof and the building roof should be no less than 1.6m.

[0076] The specialized tools for high-altitude work methods are equipped with CC turnbuckles and parent-child rings, primarily to increase fulcrum points and provide flexible hanging. For example, if an electric hoist breaks during a group hoist operation, the CC turnbuckle, combined with the double ring buckle, can be used to instantly replace the electric hoist. At the end of the group hoist operation, the CC turnbuckle, combined with the parent-child ring, replaces the electric hoist and allows the hoist to be removed, transforming the insulated ceiling into a large operating platform. Furthermore, the turnbuckles can fine-tune the height of the insulated ceiling, facilitating coordination with wall insulation construction and facilitating the connection of larger cold storage units to secondary and tertiary insulation panels.

[0077] 〈2〉Preparatory work that should be done before the operation.

[0078] 1. Prepare the lifting plan in writing. This method of high-altitude operation believes that since the lifting content is relatively simple, it is sufficient to fill in a special plan preparation form, but the operator and relevant personnel must read it carefully, make the content clear and sign it.

[0079] 2. If you only want to hang the heavy chain in advance, you should assemble the hoist and chain and connect the electrical wires.

[0080] 3. Carefully check the status of the equipment and site, especially whether the electric hoist chain has any adverse phenomena such as twisting, knotting, and accumulation, whether the hook under the lifting chain is twisted or flipped, whether the lifting sprocket, guide wheel and chain are correctly engaged, whether the upper and lower hooks are firm, and check whether all connecting points are firmly connected.

[0081] 4. Check whether the current and voltage are normal and whether the operation and logistics personnel are in place.

[0082] 5. Whether the emergency plan has been implemented.

[0083] 6. Operators should fasten their safety belts.

[0084] 〈3〉During operation:

[0085] 1. Operators take their posts, connect the power supply, rotate the electric hoist forward and reverse once, and check whether the rotation is flexible. Each electric hoist is pre-tightened and the tension must be consistent.

[0086] 2. After trial lifting and hoisting for about 1m, stop and conduct a comprehensive inspection, paying attention to whether the chain and hoist are normal, and whether the levelness and balance are good.

[0087] 3. When operating, strictly follow the principle of fine-tuning every 2m of lifting. It is strictly forbidden to lift quickly at one time to prevent "slanting and pulling" and achieve "stable starting, stable operation, and stable position".

[0088] 4. After the hoisting is completed, promptly thread and tighten the turnbuckle bolts to replace the electric hoist. Remove the electric hoist and other tools and exit the site safely.

[0089] 5. Fill the escape hatch.

[0090] 〈4〉Do safety work seriously.

[0091] ⑴ Operators must have a strong sense of responsibility and professionalism, and must undergo training and assessment as "Crane Operators" and hold a certificate before taking up their posts.

[0092] ⑵ Operators must wear seat belts when working, have a high level of safety awareness, and always keep in mind that I want to be safe and I understand safety.

[0093] It should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the preferred embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that the technical solutions of the present invention may be modified or replaced by equivalents without departing from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the present invention, which should all be included in the scope of the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. The high clearance roof insulation method for single-layer cold storage without high-altitude operation is characterized by: The following steps are involved: (1) Determine the coordinate position and number of the group lifting points, and perform load balancing calculation based on the cold storage roof insulation form, unit area weight, rated lifting capacity of the electric hoist and the mechanical parameters of the shoulder beam; (2) Prefabricate the thermal insulation roof on the ground and pre-install auxiliary facilities on the thermal insulation layer; (3) The insulation layer is hoisted to the designed height through the electric hoist group lifting system with a shoulder beam and a chain; (4) A linkage control box is used to synchronously adjust the lifting speed and load of each electric hoist, and the horizontal displacement of the insulation layer is controlled by an elastic guide; (5) After the hoisting is completed, the insulation layer is welded to the roof structure and the escape hatch is filled.

2. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The distance between the group lifting points is determined according to the size of the cold storage, the weight of the insulation layer per square meter and the deadweight of the lifting equipment.

3. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 2 is characterized by: The shoulder pole beam is made of Q235A carbon steel No. 18a channel steel, and its maximum bending moment stress is less than the allowable stress of the material.

4. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The rated lifting capacity of the chain hoist is 2t, the lifting speed is ≤5m / min, and the lifting height is ≤ 22m, the number of linked control consoles is 20-24.

5. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The elastic guide is installed around the insulation layer to limit horizontal swing during the lifting process. The lifting speed at 4 points is not more than 5 / min, the lifting height is within 22m or higher, and the uneven load difference is not more than 20%.

6. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The linkage control box displays the current data of each electric hoist in real time for monitoring load balance.

7. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1 is characterized in that: The insulation layer and the roof structure are fixed by welding or bolting.

8. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: The ancillary facilities include lighting, air ducts, etc., which can be pre-installed on the ground and hoisted simultaneously with the insulation layer.

9. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: Before hoisting, an escape hatch with a size of 600mm×600mm must be reserved, and a descender fulcrum must be set.

10. The method for heat preservation of a single-layer cold storage with high clearance and without high-altitude operation as claimed in claim 1, characterized in that: In the load balancing calculation, the load at a single lifting point shall not exceed 80% of the rated load of the electric hoist, and the unbalanced load difference shall be ≤20%.

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