Oil well plug removal system and method based on acoustoelectric combined effect

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, in particular to an oil well plug removal system and method based on the acoustoelectric combined effect. The acoustoelectric coupling system comprises an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic field generator, the ultrasonic generator emits ultrasonic waves, and a transient electromagnetic field generates a transient electromagnetic field matched with the ultrasonic waves to form an acoustoelectric coupling effect, so that blocking substances in the shaft are desorbed and discharged; the intelligent regulation and control platform is used for obtaining the temperature, the pressure, the liquid production capacity, the oil production capacity and the water content in the shaft and adjusting the operation parameters and the position of the acoustoelectric coupling system. Through the coupling effect of ultrasonic waves and a transient electromagnetic field and the acoustic-electric coupling effect, the purposes of removing pollution to a shaft and a near-wellbore zone, improving the permeability of a reservoir and reducing the viscosity of fluid are achieved, and then the purposes of removing blockage, increasing permeability and increasing the yield are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas development, and in particular to an oil well unblocking system and method based on a combined acoustic and electrical effect. Background Art

[0002] The statements in this section merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] During the development of oil and gas fields, clay expansion, particle migration, scaling, organic matter precipitation and other effects in the oil and gas reservoirs cause pore channels to become clogged and permeability to decrease, which directly affects the development effect of the oil and gas reservoirs and is also a key issue to be addressed during oil field development.

[0004] To address this issue, hydraulic fracturing and chemical declogging technologies are currently widely used, which can largely relieve various reservoir blockages, improve reservoir permeability, and increase oil and gas production. Hydraulic fracturing involves the high-pressure injection of fluid (fracturing fluid) to fracture reservoir rock, creating a network of artificial fractures, thereby bypassing near-wellbore blockages and improving permeability. These processes are generally categorized as conventional hydraulic fracturing (using fracturing fluids with water- or oil-based compositions), acid fracturing (using hydrochloric acid or organic acids), and flow-limited fracturing (controlling the number and size of perforations to achieve balanced expansion of multiple fractures). Chemical declogging involves injecting chemicals to dissolve or disperse blockages, restoring permeability near the wellbore. This typically involves acidification, clay anti-swelling treatment, injection of declogging agents, anti-scaling and descaling treatments, and microbial control.

[0005] Although hydraulic fracturing and chemical declogging technologies can largely solve the problem of reservoir blockage, their applicability is not comprehensive and they have limitations, including the following problems: The problem of heterogeneity in reservoir deblocking technology. Existing technologies (such as hydraulic fracturing and chemical deblocking) are difficult to effectively solve the problem of uneven deblocking caused by inter-layer / intra-layer contradictions in heterogeneous reservoirs, which affects the overall development effect.

[0006] Insufficient adaptability to sensitive formations and those with edge and bottom water. In formations with high sensitivity (such as clay swelling) or developed edge and bottom water, existing technologies may exacerbate formation damage or trigger water intrusion risks, limiting their application.

[0007] Risk of secondary contamination. External well fluids are incompatible with formation fluids / minerals, which can easily generate suspended matter, microorganisms, or chemical precipitation, leading to new pore blockage (e.g., scaling and organic matter precipitation).

[0008] Damage to high-viscosity oil reservoirs. Low-temperature fluids in traditional technologies can easily cause high-viscosity oil, waxy or asphalt-containing crude oil to precipitate solid components, further blocking seepage channels.

[0009] Environmental and cost challenges. Flowback fluid treatment is costly and carries significant environmental risks (such as groundwater contamination). The fracturing process consumes a lot of water and produces high carbon emissions. Furthermore, the complexity and cost of construction hinder large-scale application.

[0010] Long-term damage to the wellbore and formation. Repeated acid fracturing can damage the wellbore integrity (such as casing damage) and weaken the formation skeleton, resulting in diminishing effectiveness and shortening the life cycle of the well.

[0011] In summary, existing technologies mainly remove reservoir blockages through physical fracture creation (hydraulic fracturing) and chemical dissolution (acidification, unblocking agents), but are subject to reservoir characteristics, compatibility and engineering costs, and there is a "unblocking-re-damage" cycle. Summary of the Invention

[0012] In order to solve the technical problems existing in the above-mentioned background technology, the present invention provides an oil well unblocking system and method based on the combined effect of acoustic and electric coupling, which not only includes the physical effect of acoustic and electric coupling, but also covers the automation of the operation process through a positioning and depth calibration system, a high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, a production detection system and an intelligent control platform. By using intelligent technologies such as real-time data analysis, the parameters of the acoustic and electric coupling system and the position of the positioning and depth calibration system are analyzed and intelligently controlled through the observed parameters, and the parameters of the acoustic and electric coupling system and the position of the positioning and depth calibration system are automatically adjusted to ensure that the effect of increasing permeability and production is achieved under the premise of high efficiency, environmental protection and low cost.

[0013] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A first aspect of the present invention provides an oil well unblocking system based on a combined acoustic and electrical effect, comprising: Positioning and depth calibration system, used to determine and adjust the part to be worked on; The acoustic-electric coupling system includes an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic field generator. The ultrasonic generator emits ultrasonic waves, and the transient electromagnetic field generates a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic waves to form an acoustic-electric coupling effect, which allows the blockage material in the wellbore to be removed. The intelligent control platform is used to obtain the temperature, pressure, liquid production, oil production and water content in the wellbore, and adjust the operating parameters and position of the acoustic-electric coupling system.

[0014] Furthermore, the ultrasonic generator has a transducer array located downhole, which converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibration energy and radiates ultrasonic waves outward.

[0015] Furthermore, the transient electromagnetic field generator utilizes the on and off of the current to excite the forward and reverse transient electromagnetic fields that change with time, thereby generating a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic wave.

[0016] Furthermore, the positioning and depth calibration system includes at least one or more of a natural gamma ray logging tool, a magnetic positioning logging tool, and a detector.

[0017] Furthermore, it also has a high-temperature and high-pressure detection system for obtaining the temperature and pressure inside the wellbore and sending them to the intelligent control platform.

[0018] Furthermore, it also has a production detection system for obtaining liquid production, oil production and water content, and sending them to the intelligent control platform.

[0019] Furthermore, the production detection system includes at least one or more of a separator, a multiphase flow meter and a water content analyzer.

[0020] Furthermore, the intelligent control platform includes a core control module, which is used to adjust the working parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system according to the received temperature and pressure; and adjust the working position of the positioning control system according to the received liquid production, oil production and water content.

[0021] Furthermore, the core control module includes a data analysis module and a decision-making module. The data analysis module is used to process the information transmitted from the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system and the production detection system, and extract the key parameters therein, and evaluate the permeability and production increase effect under the current parameter combination and position by comparing with the parameters before the effect; the decision-making module generates instructions for adjusting the working parameters of the ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator, as well as instructions for adjusting the position parameters of the positioning and depth calibration system based on the obtained permeability and production increase effect.

[0022] A second aspect of the present invention provides an oil well unblocking method based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect, comprising: The positioning and depth calibration system is started, and the acoustic-electric coupling system is placed at the preset location according to the pre-determined working location; The acoustic-electric coupling system is activated, emitting ultrasonic waves and transient electromagnetic fields to the operating area according to the initial working parameters. While mechanical resonance is generated in the formation, charged particles are displaced and sheared due to changes in the electric field energy, thus removing blockages, increasing production and injection. During this period, the temperature, pressure, liquid production, oil production and water content in the wellbore are obtained and sent to the intelligent control platform; The intelligent control platform determines the optimal operating parameter combination of the acoustic-electric coupling system based on the acquired temperature and pressure, and controls the acoustic-electric coupling system to perform unblocking according to the optimal operating parameters. The operation effect is determined based on the liquid production, oil production, and water content, and the positioning and depth calibration system is controlled to adjust the operation position based on the operation effect.

[0023] Compared with the existing technology, one or more of the above technical solutions have the following beneficial effects: The ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator are excited simultaneously downhole. The generated ultrasonic field and transient electromagnetic wave field work together, promoting each other and forming a coupling effect. The emitted ultrasonic waves generate a large number of new charged particles in the reservoir. The new charged neutrinos are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary force on the formation fluid. The ultrasonic wave can drive and accelerate the flow of fluid in the formation pores, unblocking the originally blocked pores, and jointly achieve the effects of unblocking, increasing production, and increasing injection. The acoustic-electric coupling effect is a physical method rather than a chemical method used in traditional acid fracturing. Therefore, it is suitable for sensitive formations and heterogeneous formations. No foreign liquid is injected into the formation, which can avoid the chemical precipitation and clay expansion problems of traditional methods. It will not cause secondary contamination to the formation and will not weaken the formation skeleton strength. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0024] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0025] Figure 1 This is a schematic structural diagram of an oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of an oil well unblocking method based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of an acoustic-electric coupling device provided by one or more embodiments of the present invention.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Malvern, 2. Transient electromagnetic field generator, 3. Ultrasonic generator, 4. Pressure balancer. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0028] It should be noted that the following detailed descriptions are exemplary and intended to provide further explanation of the present invention. Unless otherwise specified, all technical and scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those skilled in the art to which the present invention belongs.

[0029] Example 1: The oil well deblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect, through the coupling of ultrasonic waves and transient electromagnetic fields, utilizes the acoustic and electrical coupling effect to couple the wellbore to remove pollution from the wellbore and near-wellbore zone, improve the permeability of the reservoir, reduce the viscosity of the fluid, and thus achieve the purpose of deblocking, increasing permeability, and increasing production.

[0030] The acoustic-electric coupling effect utilizes the mechanical vibration, cavitation, and thermal effects of ultrasound with the electromagnetic field oscillations of transient electromagnetic waves. This creates mechanical resonance in the formation, while charged particles undergo displacement and shear due to changes in the electric field energy. Ultrasonic waves generate a large number of new charged particles within the reservoir, which are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary forces that constrain formation fluids, while ultrasound drives and accelerates the flow of fluids through the formation pores, unclogging previously blocked pores. This achieves the goal of increasing permeability and production in a cost-effective, efficient, and environmentally friendly manner.

[0031] like Figure 1 As shown in the figure, the oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect includes: a positioning and depth calibration system, a high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, an acoustic and electrical coupling system, a production detection system and an intelligent control platform.

[0032] The positioning and depth calibration system determines the specific areas where adjustments are needed and moves the acoustic-electric coupling system, layer by layer and meter by meter. Based on feedback data, the intelligent control platform controls the devices connected to the cable. Because the entire system is mounted on conventional drilling equipment, its movement relies on the drilling equipment's power unit.

[0033] The high-temperature and high-pressure detection system is used to detect important parameters such as temperature and pressure in the wellbore in real time, and provide relevant data to observe the anti-permeability effect and facilitate real-time adjustment of parameters.

[0034] The acoustic-electric coupling system consists of two parts: an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic field generator. The ultrasonic generator emits ultrasonic waves, and the transient electromagnetic field generates a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic waves, forming an acoustic-electric coupling effect, which removes the blockage material in the wellbore.

[0035] The production detection system is used to detect important parameters such as liquid production, oil production, and water content in real time, and provide relevant data to determine the effect of unblocking and increasing permeability, so as to facilitate real-time adjustment of parameters.

[0036] The intelligent control platform accurately controls the required operating position and the operating parameters of the two generators in the acoustic-electric coupling system. It determines the operating effect based on the real-time data received from the positioning and depth calibration system, the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, and the production detection system, automatically adjusts the operating parameters and position, and optimizes the anti-reflection effect.

[0037] As a further implementation method, the positioning and depth calibration system needs to be equipped with various positioning devices such as natural gamma logging tools, magnetic positioning logging tools, detectors, etc., so as to be able to accurately reach the designated operating position.

[0038] This embodiment can take a natural gamma ray logging tool as an example, and determine the depth reference by detecting the gamma ray intensity of natural radioactivity (uranium, thorium, potassium) in the formation and comparing it with the existing logging curve.

[0039] This embodiment can also use a magnetic positioning logging tool as an example. The location of the casing / tubing coupling is pre-marked, and the depth position is determined by detecting the magnetic signal from the casing coupling or tubing joint. The tool is deployed via a cable, and subsequent adjustments are made using an intelligent control platform to control the vertical movement of the cable. Because the entire system is placed on conventional drilling equipment, its movement depends on the drilling equipment's power unit.

[0040] As a further implementation method, the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system needs to be equipped with multiple sensors such as pressure and temperature, which can monitor the pressure and temperature changes in the wellbore in real time. The collected data is transmitted to the intelligent control platform for analyzing the temperature and pressure changes in the wellbore to observe the effects of increased permeability and production, and at the same time provide a decision-making basis for the next step of adjusting the working parameters.

[0041] The ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator simultaneously excite high-power ultrasonic field and transient electromagnetic wave field in the well. By utilizing the acoustic-electric coupling effect, mechanical resonance is generated in the formation. At the same time, the charged particles are displaced and sheared with the change of electric field energy, thereby achieving the purpose of removing blockage, increasing production and injection.

[0042] In this embodiment, the structure of the acoustic-electric coupling device formed by the ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator is as follows: Figure 3 As shown, the overall shape is tubular, with a pressure balancer 4 at one end and a faucet 1 at the other end. The ultrasonic generator 2 and the transient electromagnetic field generator 3 are arranged inside, with the ultrasonic generator close to one end of the pressure balancer and the transient electromagnetic field generator close to one end of the faucet. The device is placed inside the oil well casing. The specific depth required for operation should be determined by the preliminary data analysis and the required operation objectives on site, which is not within the scope of consideration of this patent. The device is placed in through a cable connection. Subsequent adjustments are made by controlling the up and down movement of the cable through an intelligent control platform. Because the entire system is placed on conventional drilling equipment, the specific movement depends on the power device of the drilling equipment.

[0043] The positioning and depth calibration system and the power system are used to determine the desired operating depth. Initial parameters are set. Based on data from the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system and the production monitoring system, the intelligent control platform determines whether the operation has met the required parameters and adjusts them to the optimal parameters. The platform also determines whether the operation at that location is complete. If so, a command is issued to the positioning and depth calibration system and the drilling equipment's power system to adjust to the next operating position.

[0044] like Figure 3 As shown, the entire acoustic-electric coupling device is generally composed of four parts.

[0045] The front end of the first part of the instrument is a faucet, which is used to connect to the cable and to place the entire device into the position where the operation is required.

[0046] The second part is the transient electromagnetic field generator: the outer shell is wrapped with aluminum, and inside is a solenoid. The solenoid is a capacitor copper rod with a wire tightly wound on its upper part.

[0047] The device uses the on and off of current to excite forward and reverse transient electromagnetic fields that change with time. The on-off period is 0.5 seconds, and the electrical energy stored in the inductor and capacitor is released, forming a transient response. The energy passes through the casing at the midpoint of the excitation coil and enters the formation, where it diffuses in the formation.

[0048] The third part is the ultrasonic generator: Inside, a copper rod transmits electrical energy. The outer layer is a transducer array, which converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibrations, radiating ultrasonic waves. The outer shell is encased in aluminum, and the inner layer consists of three magnetic rings pressed together, surrounded by a copper sleeve. The innermost layer is supported by a plastic frame. The eight groups of 24 magnetic rings alternate between positive and negative polarity.

[0049] The fourth part is the pressure balancer: it is used to balance the internal and external pressures of the instrument. Silicone oil is injected into the entire instrument through this part to balance the internal pressure of the instrument and the external equilibrium pressure difference of the instrument.

[0050] Ultrasonic transmitter: A high-power ultrasonic power supply generates intermittent high-frequency oscillation signals, which are transmitted through cables to the transducer array downhole. The transducer array converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibration energy and radiates ultrasonic waves outward.

[0051] Transient electromagnetic field generator: uses the on and off of current to excite the forward and reverse transient electromagnetic fields that change with time, generates a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic wave, and uses the acoustic-electric coupling effect to remove the blocking material in the wellbore.

[0052] The "matching" here means that the entire device is connected by cables and placed in the oil well, and the same current and voltage are passed through the cables to the ultrasonic transmitter and transient electromagnetic field generator, that is, the two are matched.

[0053] Ultrasonic fields act on the macroscopic level, affecting inorganic substances such as rock mineral particles, clay, and scale, and organic blockages such as colloid and asphalt. Transient electromagnetic fields act on the microscopic level, affecting charged particles and micro-particles.

[0054] The ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic generator are integrated into one unit. The coupled ultrasonic wave generates a large number of new charged particles within the reservoir. These particles are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary forces that bind the formation fluid, while the ultrasonic wave drives and accelerates the flow of fluids through the formation pores, unclogging previously blocked pores. The ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator simultaneously generate high-power ultrasonic and transient electromagnetic wave fields downhole. The two fields work together, mutually reinforcing each other and achieving the desired effects of unblocking, increasing production, and increasing injection.

[0055] As a further implementation method, the production detection system needs to be equipped with a variety of instruments such as separators, multiphase flow meters, water analyzers, etc., which can monitor the changes in oil well liquid production, oil production, and water content in real time.

[0056] As a further implementation method, the data collected by the production detection system is transmitted to the intelligent control platform for analyzing environmental changes in the wellbore and observing the effects of increased permeability and production, while providing a decision-making basis for the next step of adjusting working parameters and operation positions.

[0057] As a further implementation method, the intelligent control platform includes a core control module for receiving information such as temperature and pressure transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, and adjusting the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system according to the received information (the operating parameters include the frequency, power, amplitude and operating mode of the ultrasonic wave; the emission waveform, pulse width, pulse waveform, and repetition frequency of the transient electromagnetic field).

[0058] Temperature and pressure provide a direct indicator of the permeability of the downhole reservoir and wellbore, and therefore can be used to determine whether unblocking and increasing production and permeability are effective. Temperature and pressure measurements over a period of time are used to assess the effectiveness of the operation at the current power level. If the results are unsatisfactory, the current and voltage supplied to the device can be adjusted to adjust the power of the acoustic-electric coupling system. The system receives information such as liquid production, oil production, and water content transmitted by the production monitoring system and adjusts the operating position of the positioning control system accordingly.

[0059] As a further implementation method, the core control module includes a data analysis module and a decision-making module. The data analysis module processes information such as temperature and pressure transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, as well as information such as liquid production, oil production, and water content transmitted by the production detection system. It also conducts a comprehensive analysis of key parameters, compares them with pre-application data parameters, and evaluates the permeability and production-enhancing effects under the given parameter combination and location. The decision-making module determines the permeability and production-enhancing effects under the given parameter combination and location conditions, finds the optimal parameter combination, determines whether the operating position needs to be changed, and generates instructions to adjust the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system, as well as the position parameters of the positioning and depth calibration system.

[0060] The effectiveness of an operation at the current power level can be determined by measuring oil and liquid production over a period of time. In the oil production field, oil and liquid production can roughly represent total production. The effectiveness of increased production can be determined based on the blockage removal, production increase, and permeability enhancement standards set before the operation.

[0061] If the desired yield is achieved, there is no need to change the operating parameters. At this point, the purpose of increasing yield and infiltration at that location has been achieved, and it is necessary to change the operating position (for example, one meter above or below) to continue the operation and improve the yield and infiltration capabilities at other locations.

[0062] If the desired output is not achieved or the effect is unsatisfactory, the current and voltage fed into the device can be adjusted to adjust the power of the acoustic-electric coupling system, that is, the parameter combination of the ultrasonic field and the transient electromagnetic field. After adjustment, the operation can be continued.

[0063] Temperature, pressure, and oil and liquid production are used to determine whether the operation has achieved its objectives. If so, no parameter adjustments are required; simply adjust the operation location and proceed to the next operation. If not, no parameter adjustments are required; simply adjust the parameters and continue the operation.

[0064] According to the system proposed in the embodiment of the present application, ultrasonic waves and transient electromagnetic methods are used simultaneously through the method of acoustic-electric coupling to form an acoustic-electric coupling effect, which is coupled in the wellbore. The mechanical vibration, cavitation, and thermal effects of ultrasonic waves and the electromagnetic field force oscillation and electromagnetic field force oscillation of transient electromagnetic waves are used to achieve the acoustic-electric coupling effect. While the formation produces mechanical resonance, the charged particles produce displacement and shear as the electric field energy changes. Ultrasonic waves generate a large number of new charged particles in the reservoir, and the new charged particles are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary force that binds the formation fluid, and ultrasonic waves can drive and accelerate the flow of fluids in the formation pores, clearing the originally blocked pores. In this way, the purpose of unblocking, increasing permeability, and increasing production is achieved in a low-cost, high-efficiency, and environmentally friendly manner.

[0065] Traditional hydraulic fracturing, chemical acidizing and other technologies have many limitations (such as secondary pollution, formation damage, and high cost). Ultrasonic wave + transient electromagnetic field (US-EM) coupling technology has the characteristics of physical non-invasiveness, low damage, and high efficiency in unblocking.

[0066] When high-frequency ultrasonic waves (20kHz~1MHz) propagate in the reservoir, they have a mechanical vibration effect, generating cavitation effect and micro-jets, which loosen and peel off blockages (such as particles, scale, and organic deposits).

[0067] At the same time, it has a thermal effect. Part of the ultrasonic energy is converted into thermal energy, which can locally increase the temperature (especially for high-condensation oil and waxy reservoirs), reduce the viscosity of crude oil and promote flow.

[0068] It can also excite charged particles. Ultrasonic vibrations can release bound charges (such as clay minerals and double layers) on the rock surface and in the pores, forming new charged particles and enhancing the effect of subsequent electromagnetic fields.

[0069] Transient electromagnetic fields (pulsed) induce eddy currents in the reservoir, driving the migration of charged particles (such as ions and colloids) and breaking the capillary force on the fluid, which is the electrodynamic effect.

[0070] It can reduce interfacial tension. The electromagnetic field can change the interfacial properties of oil-water-rock, reduce the Jamin Effect, and improve fluid fluidity.

[0071] It can also promote the migration of particles. The charged particles excited by ultrasound move in a directional manner under the action of the electromagnetic field (electrophoresis / dielectrophoresis), further unblocking the pores.

[0072] When the two are coupled, ultrasound loosens blockages and releases charged particles, while the electromagnetic field drives the migration of these particles, forming a synergistic "vibration-electromigration" mechanism. Compared to traditional hydraulic fracturing and acid fracturing, acoustic-electric coupling is suitable for sensitive formations (water-sensitive and acid-sensitive) and heterogeneous reservoirs. It also requires no external fluid injection, avoiding chemical precipitation, clay swelling, no flowback, and zero carbon emissions. The equipment is lightweight and can be operated with cable or coiled tubing, eliminating the need for large fracturing trucks. It does not damage the formation framework, allowing for sustainable production increases. The low cost per operation makes it suitable for repeated unblocking of older wells.

[0073] Example 2: like Figure 2 As shown, the oil well unblocking method based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect includes the following steps: Step S201: The positioning and depth calibration system is started, and the acoustic-electric coupling system is placed at the preset location according to the location that needs to be operated in the early stage.

[0074] Step S202: The acoustic-electric coupling system is activated, i.e., the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator are turned on, initial operating parameters are set, and operation begins. Simultaneously, the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system monitors temperature and pressure changes within the wellbore in real time and transmits the detected data to the core control module of the intelligent control platform.

[0075] Step S203: The data analysis module of the intelligent control platform analyzes the data transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system to determine the optimal operating parameter combination. The decision module issues instructions to the acoustic-electric coupling system to adjust the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator.

[0076] Step S204: The production detection system regularly transmits the detected important parameters such as liquid production, oil production, and water content to the core control module of the intelligent control platform.

[0077] Step S205: The data analysis module of the intelligent control platform analyzes the data transmitted by the production detection system to determine the operation effect and decide whether to adjust the operation parameters and position. The decision module issues instructions to the positioning and depth calibration system to adjust the operation position.

[0078] Step S206: The intelligent control platform monitors the status of other systems and automatically adjusts the working parameters and working positions of the acoustic-electric coupling system and the positioning depth calibration system based on real-time data received to ensure that the systems operate in the best state and position.

[0079] The embodiments of the present application integrate an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic generator. Under the coupled action of the ultrasonic wave, a large number of new charged particles are generated within the reservoir. These new charged particles are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary force that binds the formation fluid, and the ultrasonic wave can drive and accelerate the flow of fluid in the formation pores, unblocking previously blocked pores. The ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator simultaneously excite a high-power ultrasonic field and a transient electromagnetic wave field in the wellbore. The two fields work together, mutually reinforcing each other and achieving the effects of unblocking, increasing production, and increasing injection.

[0080] In step S201, the positioning and depth calibration system is used to place the acoustic-electric coupling system at the preset location according to the location that needs to be operated in advance.

[0081] In step S202, the acoustic-electric coupling system activates the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator, sets initial operating parameters, and begins operation. Simultaneously, the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system monitors temperature and pressure changes within the wellbore in real time and transmits the data to the core control module of the intelligent control platform.

[0082] In step S203, the intelligent control platform's data analysis module analyzes the data transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system to determine the optimal operating parameter combination. The intelligent control platform's decision module issues instructions to the acoustic-electric coupling system to adjust the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator.

[0083] In step S204, the production detection system regularly transmits the detected important parameters such as liquid production, oil production, and water content to the core control module of the intelligent control platform.

[0084] In step S205, the data analysis module of the intelligent control platform analyzes the data transmitted by the production detection system to determine the operation effect and decide whether to adjust the operation parameters and position. The decision module then issues instructions to the positioning and depth calibration system to adjust the operation position.

[0085] In step S206, the intelligent control platform monitors the status of other systems and automatically adjusts the working parameters and working positions of the acoustic-electric coupling system and the positioning depth calibration system based on real-time data reception to ensure that the systems operate in the optimal state and position.

[0086] As a further implementation method, the positioning and depth calibration system needs to be equipped with various positioning devices such as natural gamma logging tools, magnetic positioning logging tools, detectors, etc., so as to be able to accurately reach the designated operating position.

[0087] As a further implementation method, the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system needs to be equipped with multiple sensors such as pressure and temperature, which can monitor the pressure and temperature changes in the wellbore in real time.

[0088] As a further implementation method, the data collected by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system is transmitted to the intelligent control platform for analyzing the temperature and pressure changes in the wellbore to observe the effects of increased permeability and increased production, and at the same time provide a decision-making basis for the next step of adjusting the working parameters.

[0089] As a further embodiment, the acoustic-electric coupling system includes two parts: an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic field generator.

[0090] As a further implementation method, ultrasonic transmitter: a high-power ultrasonic power supply generates intermittent high-frequency oscillation signals, which are transmitted to the transducer array underground through a dedicated cable. The transducer array converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibration energy and radiates ultrasonic waves outward.

[0091] As a further embodiment, a transient electromagnetic field generator: utilizes the on and off of current to excite the forward and reverse transient electromagnetic fields that change with time, thereby generating a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic wave, and utilizes the acoustic-electric coupling effect to cause the blockage material in the wellbore to fall off; As a further implementation method, the ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator simultaneously excite high-power ultrasonic fields and transient electromagnetic wave fields in the well. By utilizing the acoustic-electric coupling effect, mechanical resonance is generated in the formation, and the charged particles are displaced and sheared as the electric field energy changes, thereby achieving the purpose of unblocking, increasing production and increasing injection.

[0092] As a further embodiment, the ultrasonic field acts on a macroscopic level, acting on inorganic substances such as rock mineral fine particles, clay, scale, and organic blockages such as colloid and asphalt.

[0093] As a further embodiment, the transient electromagnetic field acts on the microscopic, charged particles, micro-particles, etc. As a further implementation method, the production detection system needs to be equipped with a variety of instruments such as separators, multiphase flow meters, water analyzers, etc., which can monitor the changes in oil well liquid production, oil production, and water content in real time.

[0094] As a further implementation method, the data collected by the production detection system is transmitted to the intelligent control platform for analyzing environmental changes in the wellbore and observing the effects of increased permeability and production, while providing a decision-making basis for the next step of adjusting working parameters and operation positions.

[0095] As a further implementation, the intelligent control platform includes a core control module for receiving temperature and pressure information transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system and adjusting the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system based on this information (operating parameters include the frequency, power, amplitude, and operating mode of the ultrasonic wave; the emission waveform, pulse width, pulse waveform, and repetition frequency of the transient electromagnetic field). The platform also receives information such as liquid production, oil production, and water cut transmitted by the production detection system and adjusts the operating position of the positioning control system based on this information.

[0096] As a further implementation method, the core control module includes a data analysis module and a decision-making module. The data analysis module processes information such as temperature and pressure transmitted by the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system, as well as information such as liquid production, oil production, and water content transmitted by the production detection system. It also conducts a comprehensive analysis of key parameters, compares them with pre-application data parameters, and evaluates the permeability and production-enhancing effects under the given parameter combination and location. The decision-making module determines the permeability and production-enhancing effects under the given parameter combination and location conditions, finds the optimal parameter combination, determines whether the operation location needs to be changed, and generates instructions to adjust the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system, as well as the position parameters of the positioning and depth calibration system.

[0097] According to the intelligent acoustic-electric coupling system for oil well unblocking, permeability enhancement and production increase proposed in the embodiment of the present application, ultrasonic wave and transient electromagnetic wave are used simultaneously through the acoustic-electric coupling method to form an acoustic-electric coupling effect, which is coupled in the wellbore. The mechanical vibration, cavitation and thermal effects of ultrasonic wave and the electromagnetic field force oscillation and electromagnetic field force oscillation of transient electromagnetic wave are used to achieve the acoustic-electric coupling effect. While the formation generates mechanical resonance, the charged particles produce displacement and shear force as the electric field energy changes. Ultrasonic wave generates a large number of new charged particles in the reservoir, and the new charged particles are further affected by the electromagnetic field, causing them to migrate and deform. The transient electromagnetic field reduces the capillary force on the formation fluid, and ultrasonic wave can drive and accelerate the flow of fluid in the formation pores, clearing the originally blocked pores. In this way, the purpose of unblocking, increasing permeability and production is achieved in a low-cost, high-efficiency and environmentally friendly manner.

[0098] The above are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate that various modifications and variations of the present invention are possible. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect is characterized by: include: Positioning and depth calibration system, used to determine and adjust the part to be worked on; The acoustic-electric coupling system includes an ultrasonic generator and a transient electromagnetic field generator. The ultrasonic generator emits ultrasonic waves, and the transient electromagnetic field generates a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic waves to form an acoustic-electric coupling effect, which allows the blockage material in the wellbore to be removed. The intelligent control platform is used to obtain the temperature, pressure, liquid production, oil production and water content in the wellbore, and adjust the operating parameters and position of the acoustic-electric coupling system.

2. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ultrasonic generator has a transducer array located downhole, which converts electrical energy into high-frequency vibration energy and radiates ultrasonic waves outward.

3. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The transient electromagnetic field generator utilizes the on and off of current to excite the forward and reverse transient electromagnetic fields that change with time, thereby generating a transient electromagnetic field that matches the ultrasonic wave.

4. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The positioning and depth calibration system includes at least one or more of a natural gamma ray logging tool, a magnetic positioning logging tool and a detector.

5. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also has a high-temperature and high-pressure detection system to obtain the temperature and pressure inside the wellbore and send it to the intelligent control platform.

6. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: It also has a production detection system for obtaining liquid production, oil production and water content, and sending them to the intelligent control platform.

7. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 6, characterized in that: The production detection system includes at least one or more of a separator, a multiphase flow meter and a water content analyzer.

8. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 1, characterized in that: The intelligent control platform includes a core control module, which is used to adjust the operating parameters of the ultrasonic generator and transient electromagnetic field generator in the acoustic-electric coupling system according to the received temperature and pressure; and adjust the working position of the positioning control system according to the received liquid production, oil production and water content.

9. The oil well unblocking system based on the combined acoustic and electrical effect according to claim 8, characterized in that: The core control module includes a data analysis module and a decision-making module. The data analysis module is used to process information transmitted from the high-temperature and high-pressure detection system and the production detection system, and extract key parameters therein. By comparing with the parameters before the effect, it evaluates the permeability and yield-increasing effect under the current parameter combination and position; the decision-making module generates instructions for adjusting the working parameters of the ultrasonic generator and the transient electromagnetic field generator, as well as instructions for adjusting the position parameters of the positioning and depth calibration system based on the obtained permeability and yield-increasing effect.

10. A method for unblocking an oil well based on the system according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The following steps are involved: The positioning and depth calibration system is started, and the acoustic-electric coupling system is placed at the preset location according to the pre-determined working location; The acoustic-electric coupling system starts up and emits ultrasonic waves and transient electromagnetic fields to the working area according to the initial working parameters. While the formation is generating mechanical resonance, the charged particles are displaced and sheared as the electric field energy changes. Achieve unblocking, increased production and injection; During this period, the temperature, pressure, liquid production, oil production and water content in the wellbore are obtained and sent to the intelligent control platform; The intelligent control platform determines the optimal operating parameter combination of the acoustic-electric coupling system based on the acquired temperature and pressure, and controls the acoustic-electric coupling system to perform unblocking according to the optimal operating parameters. The operation effect is determined based on the liquid production, oil production, and water content, and the positioning and depth calibration system is controlled to adjust the operation position based on the operation effect.

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