Three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method and three-dimensional physical model

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of oil and gas field development physical simulation, and discloses a three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method and a three-dimensional physical model.The three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method comprises the steps that a drill bit is used for drilling a multi-layer heterogeneous model to form a mounting hole channel; an isolation pipe fitting is fixed on the hole wall of the mounting hole channel; the interior of the isolation pipe fitting is filled with the fixed filling body; a drill bit is used for drilling through the fixed filling body and drilling into the interior of the target middle layer, so that a pressure measuring hole channel penetrating through the fixed filling body and communicating with the interior of the target middle layer is formed; a pressure monitoring device is arranged on the multi-layer heterogeneous model, and a pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device penetrates through the pressure measuring hole channel to be connected to the interior of the target middle layer. According to the three-dimensional physical model manufactured through the three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method, pressure data of a target middle layer can be accurately obtained in the simulation experiment process, and therefore accurate data support is provided for follow-up seepage theoretical calculation.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of physical simulation of oil and gas field development, and in particular relates to a three-dimensional physical model making method and a three-dimensional physical model. Background Art

[0002] In oil and gas field development simulation experiments, to simulate the heterogeneity of oil and gas reservoirs, three-dimensional physical models simulating reservoir structures have gradually evolved into multi-layer, interlayer heterogeneous structures. However, existing 3D physical models can only monitor pressure at the top and bottom layers during experiments, and cannot accurately monitor pressure in the intermediate layers between the top and bottom layers. As a result, it is impossible to accurately obtain pressure data for the intermediate layers in the 3D physical model during simulation experiments, and thus cannot provide accurate data support for subsequent seepage theory calculations. Summary of the Invention

[0003] In response to the above-mentioned deficiencies or defects in the prior art, the present invention provides a three-dimensional physical model production method and a three-dimensional physical model, aiming to solve the technical problem that it is impossible to accurately obtain pressure data of the intermediate layers of the three-dimensional physical model in oil and gas field development simulation experiments, thereby failing to provide accurate data support for subsequent seepage theory calculations.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention provides a method for making a three-dimensional physical model, comprising:

[0005] Create multi-layer heterogeneous models;

[0006] Drilling the multi-layer heterogeneous model using a drill bit to form a mounting channel with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target middle layer;

[0007] Fixing and attaching an isolation pipe fitting to the hole wall of the installation hole;

[0008] Filling the interior of the isolation tube with a fixed filling body;

[0009] Drilling the fixed filling body with a drill bit, so that the drill bit penetrates the fixed filling body and drills into the interior of the target intermediate layer, so as to form a pressure measuring channel that penetrates the fixed filling body and communicates with the interior of the target intermediate layer;

[0010] A pressure monitoring device is provided on the multi-layer heterogeneous model, and a pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer through the pressure measuring channel.

[0011] Optionally, the step of drilling the multi-layer heterogeneous model using a drill bit to form a mounting channel with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target intermediate layer includes:

[0012] The depth of the top surface of the target intermediate layer is measured, and the multi-layer heterogeneous model is drilled using a drill bit according to the depth.

[0013] Optionally, the step of fixing and attaching the isolation pipe to the hole wall of the installation hole includes:

[0014] The outer wall of the isolation pipe is bonded to the hole wall of the installation channel by using a cementing agent.

[0015] Optionally, the isolation pipe is a metal pipe.

[0016] Optionally, the step of filling the interior of the isolation tube with a fixed filling body includes:

[0017] Fill the interior of the isolation tubular with cementing agent, so that the cementing agent fills and solidifies inside the isolation tubular to form the fixed filling body.

[0018] Optionally, after the step of providing a pressure monitoring device on the multi-layer heterogeneous model and connecting a pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device through the pressure measuring channel to the interior of the target intermediate layer, the method further includes:

[0019] A cementing agent is filled in the gap between the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device and the hole wall of the pressure measuring channel to seal the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device in the pressure measuring channel.

[0020] Optionally, the step of making a multi-layer heterogeneous model includes:

[0021] Making quartz sand cemented particles;

[0022] Forming a plurality of core blocks with different permeabilities by cementing the quartz sand particles;

[0023] stacking a plurality of the core blocks to form the multi-layer heterogeneous model, and then integrally casting and sealing the multi-layer heterogeneous model with epoxy resin;

[0024] According to experimental requirements, holes are drilled on the multi-layer heterogeneous model to form channels simulating injection and production wells, saturated water standby wells, and saturated oil standby wells.

[0025] Optionally, the step of preparing quartz sand cemented particles includes:

[0026] According to the permeability requirement, quartz sand of different particle sizes is selected, and a binder is added to the quartz sand and stirred to obtain the quartz sand cemented particles.

[0027] Optionally, the step of forming a plurality of core blocks with different permeabilities by cementing the quartz sand particles comprises:

[0028] The quartz sand cementing particles are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of quartz sand cementing particles are compacted using different compaction pressures and compaction times, thereby obtaining multiple core blocks with different permeabilities.

[0029] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional physical model, which is manufactured by the above-mentioned three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method.

[0030] Through the above technical solution, in the three-dimensional physical model produced by the three-dimensional physical model production method of the present invention, the isolation pipe plays the role of isolating the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device and the multi-layer heterogeneous model. The pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is confined in the pressure measuring channel and can be connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer under the guidance of the pressure measuring channel. With such a setting, during the simulation experiment of the three-dimensional physical model, the pressure monitoring device can accurately monitor the pressure of the target intermediate layer in real time, and can accurately obtain the pressure data of the target intermediate layer, thereby providing accurate data support for subsequent seepage theory calculations.

[0031] Other features and advantages of the present invention will be described in detail in the following detailed description. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the following detailed description, they are used to explain the present invention but do not constitute a limitation of the present invention. In the accompanying drawings:

[0033] Figure 1 A schematic cross-sectional view of a three-dimensional physical model according to an embodiment of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 2 This is a flow chart of a method for making a three-dimensional physical model provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0035] Description of reference numerals:

[0036] 1 Multi-layer heterogeneous model 2 Installation channel

[0037] 3 Pressure measuring channel 4 Target intermediate layer DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0038] The following describes the specific embodiments of the present invention in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to illustrate and explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0039] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features of the embodiments of the present invention can be combined with each other.

[0040] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, directional words such as "up, down, top, bottom" are usually used to describe the relative positions of components in the directions shown in the drawings or in the vertical, perpendicular or gravity directions.

[0041] The present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and in conjunction with embodiments.

[0042] The present invention first provides a method for making a three-dimensional physical model.

[0043] In one embodiment, referring to the attached Figure 1 and attached Figure 2 As shown, the three-dimensional physical model making method includes:

[0044] Make a multi-layer heterogeneous model 1;

[0045] Drilling the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 with a drill bit to form a mounting channel 2 with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target middle layer 4;

[0046] Fixing an isolation pipe fitting on the wall of the installation hole 2;

[0047] Filling the interior of the isolation pipe with a fixed filling body;

[0048] Drilling the fixed filling body with a drill bit, so that the drill bit penetrates the fixed filling body and drills into the interior of the target intermediate layer 4, so as to form a pressure measuring channel 3 that penetrates the fixed filling body and communicates with the interior of the target intermediate layer 4;

[0049] A pressure monitoring device is set on the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1, and the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer 4 through the pressure measuring channel 3. During actual production, the end of the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is inserted into the interior of the target intermediate layer 4, thereby completing the connection of the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device to the interior of the target intermediate layer 4.

[0050] It should be noted that the pressure monitoring device is well known to those skilled in the art, and therefore, its specific structure and working principle will not be described in detail here.

[0051] In the three-dimensional physical model produced by the three-dimensional physical model production method of this embodiment, the isolation pipe serves to isolate the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device from the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1. The pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is confined to the pressure measuring channel 3 and can be connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer 4 under the guidance of the pressure measuring channel 3. With such a setting, during the simulation experiment of the three-dimensional physical model, the pressure monitoring device can accurately monitor the pressure of the target intermediate layer 4 in real time, and can accurately obtain the pressure data of the target intermediate layer 4, thereby providing accurate data support for subsequent seepage theory calculations.

[0052] It can be understood that there can be multiple target intermediate layers 4, and each target intermediate layer 4 is provided with a corresponding pressure measuring channel 3 and a pressure monitoring device. With such a setting, during the three-dimensional physical model experiment, real-time pressure monitoring of multiple target intermediate layers 4 in the three-dimensional physical model can be performed simultaneously.

[0053] In this embodiment, after the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer 4, the model can be integrally cast and sealed with epoxy resin.

[0054] In one embodiment, the step of drilling a multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 using a drill bit to form a mounting channel 2 with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target intermediate layer 4 includes:

[0055] The depth of the top surface of the target intermediate layer 4 is measured, and a drill is used to drill the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 according to the depth.

[0056] It can be understood that the depth of the top surface of the target intermediate layer 4 is the distance between the top surface of the target intermediate layer 4 and the top surface of the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1. During the drilling process, the drill bit is drilled along the thickness direction of the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 from the top surface of the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 to the measured depth. In this way, the bottom end of the installation channel 2 formed by the drilling is extended to the top surface of the target intermediate layer 4.

[0057] In one embodiment, the step of fixing and attaching the isolation pipe to the hole wall of the installation channel 2 includes:

[0058] The outer wall of the isolation pipe is bonded to the hole wall of the installation channel 2 by using cementing agent.

[0059] Specifically, the isolation pipe may be a metal pipe.

[0060] In one embodiment, the step of filling the interior of the isolation tube with a fixed filling body includes:

[0061] Fill the interior of the isolation tubular with cementing agent, so that the cementing agent fills up and solidifies inside the isolation tubular to form a fixed filling body.

[0062] In one embodiment, after the step of providing a pressure monitoring device on the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 and connecting the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device through the pressure measuring channel 3 to the interior of the target intermediate layer 4, the following steps are further included:

[0063] The gap between the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device and the hole wall of the pressure measuring channel 3 is filled with cementing agent to seal the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device in the pressure measuring channel 3 .

[0064] In this way, the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device can maintain accurate connection with the interior of the target intermediate layer 4, effectively ensuring the accuracy of the acquired data.

[0065] In one embodiment, the steps of making the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 include:

[0066] Making quartz sand cemented particles;

[0067] Multiple core blocks with different permeabilities are made by cementing particles with quartz sand;

[0068] Multiple core blocks are stacked to form a multi-layer heterogeneous model 1, and then the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 is integrally cast and sealed with epoxy resin;

[0069] According to the experimental requirements, holes are drilled on the multi-layer heterogeneous model 1 to form channels simulating injection and production wells, saturated water backup wells, and saturated oil backup wells.

[0070] In one embodiment, the steps of making quartz sand cemented particles include:

[0071] According to the permeability requirements, quartz sand of different particle sizes is selected, and a binder is added to the quartz sand and stirred to obtain quartz sand cemented particles.

[0072] In one embodiment, the step of forming a plurality of core blocks with different permeabilities by cementing quartz sand particles includes:

[0073] The quartz sand cementing particles are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of quartz sand cementing particles are compacted using different compaction pressures and compaction times, thereby obtaining multiple core blocks with different permeabilities.

[0074] The present invention also provides a three-dimensional physical model, which is manufactured by the above-mentioned three-dimensional physical model manufacturing method.

[0075] For ease of understanding, a specific application of the three-dimensional physical model making method of the present invention is provided below.

[0076] A multi-layer heterogeneous model with a size of 30 cm × 60 cm × 4 cm was made to simulate the formation conditions, and the displacement experiment was carried out using the three-dimensional physical model made using the above-mentioned three-dimensional physical model making method.

[0077] The steps for making a 3D physical model are:

[0078] ① A three-layer heterogeneous model of 30cm×60cm×4cm was made by cutting and bonding large flat cores with different permeabilities. The top layer has a depth of 0.5cm and a permeability of 500mD; the middle layer has a depth of 2cm and a permeability of 10mD; and the bottom layer has a depth of 1.5cm and a permeability of 50mD.

[0079] ② Drill a 0.2 cm wide horizontal hole in the upper 500 mD layer of the core model to simulate a production well, and drill a 0.2 cm wide horizontal hole in the lower 50 mD layer to simulate an injection well. The two wells are distributed diagonally.

[0080] ③ Set up 3 pressure measuring channels and pressure monitoring devices corresponding to the top layer, middle layer and bottom layer respectively on the three-layer heterogeneous model. At the same time, set up channels to simulate injection and production wells, saturated water backup wells and saturated oil backup wells. Then use epoxy resin to cast and seal the model as a whole to complete the production of the three-dimensional physical model.

[0081] Experimental process:

[0082] ① During the experiment, the 3D physical model was maintained in a high-pressure environment (96.3°C, 17 MPa). Pressure changes at each layer were monitored in real time during the vacuum pumping process. Due to the high flow resistance of fluids in actual reservoirs, the 3D physical model was continuously vacuumed for 72 hours to ensure that all air in the model was completely evacuated. Vacuuming was completed when all layers reached a vacuum state. A displacement pump was then used to apply a high-pressure water flood at 7.8 MPa to the horizontal borehole of the simulated injection well. After 96 hours of continuous flooding, water saturation was achieved. The porosity of the 3D physical model was then calculated by subtracting the injected and produced water volumes.

[0083] ② Simulate the injection of liquid into the horizontal holes of the injection well and the production well until no water flows out of the horizontal holes of the production well. Then continue to inject oil into the horizontal holes of the injection well until the overall pressure in the three-dimensional physical model reaches 7.8 MPa, and then obtain the original oil saturation of the model.

[0084] ③ Reduced oxygen air was injected at a constant rate through the horizontal hole simulating the injection well. When the pressure of the 3D physical model reached 15.8 MPa, the injection was stopped and the well was started. The pressure changes of each layer of the 3D physical model were monitored in real time throughout the experiment.

[0085] At different development moments, this three-dimensional physical model has strong interlayer heterogeneity and a large pressure difference between the upper and lower layers. The use of a new three-dimensional physical model can effectively measure the pressure values ​​of different layers, thereby providing effective data support for subsequent seepage calculations.

[0086] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc. made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0087] It should also be noted that the various specific technical features described in the above specific embodiments can be combined in any appropriate manner without contradiction. In order to avoid unnecessary repetition, the present invention will not further describe various possible combinations.

[0088] In addition, the various embodiments of the present invention may be arbitrarily combined, and as long as they do not violate the concept of the present invention, they should also be regarded as the contents disclosed by the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for making a three-dimensional physical model, characterized in that: include: Create a multi-layer heterogeneous model (1); Drilling the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) with a drill bit to form a mounting channel (2) with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target middle layer (4); An isolation pipe is fixedly attached to the hole wall of the installation hole (2); Filling the interior of the isolation tube with a fixed filling body; Drilling the fixed filling body with a drill bit, so that the drill bit penetrates the fixed filling body and enters the interior of the target intermediate layer (4), thereby forming a pressure measuring channel (3) that penetrates the fixed filling body and communicates with the interior of the target intermediate layer (4); A pressure monitoring device is provided on the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1), and a pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device is connected to the interior of the target intermediate layer (4) through the pressure measuring channel (3).

2. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of drilling the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) with a drill bit to form a mounting channel (2) with a bottom end extending to the top surface of the target intermediate layer (4) comprises: The depth of the top surface of the target intermediate layer (4) is measured, and the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) is drilled using a drill bit according to the depth.

3. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of fixing and attaching the isolation pipe to the hole wall of the installation hole (2) comprises: The outer wall of the isolation pipe is bonded to the hole wall of the installation channel (2) by using a cementing agent.

4. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 3, characterized in that: The isolation pipe fitting is a metal pipe fitting.

5. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of filling the interior of the isolation tube with a fixed filling body comprises: Fill the interior of the isolation tubular with cementing agent, so that the cementing agent fills and solidifies inside the isolation tubular to form the fixed filling body.

6. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: After the step of arranging a pressure monitoring device on the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) and connecting the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device through the pressure measuring channel (3) to the interior of the target intermediate layer (4), the method further comprises: A cementing agent is filled in the gap between the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device and the hole wall of the pressure measuring hole (3) to seal the pressure monitoring pipeline of the pressure monitoring device in the pressure measuring hole (3).

7. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 1, characterized in that: The step of making the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) comprises: Making quartz sand cemented particles; Forming a plurality of core blocks with different permeabilities by cementing the quartz sand particles; Stacking a plurality of the core blocks to form the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1), and then integrally casting and sealing the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) with epoxy resin; According to experimental requirements, holes are drilled on the multi-layer heterogeneous model (1) to form channels simulating injection and production wells, saturated water standby wells, and saturated oil standby wells.

8. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The steps of making quartz sand cemented particles include: According to the permeability requirement, quartz sand of different particle sizes is selected, and a binder is added to the quartz sand and stirred to obtain the quartz sand cemented particles.

9. The three-dimensional physical model making method according to claim 7, characterized in that: The step of forming a plurality of core blocks with different permeabilities by cementing the quartz sand particles comprises: The quartz sand cementing particles are divided into multiple groups, and the multiple groups of quartz sand cementing particles are compacted using different compaction pressures and compaction times, thereby obtaining multiple core blocks with different permeabilities.

10. A three-dimensional physical model, characterized in that: The three-dimensional physical model is produced by the three-dimensional physical model production method according to any one of claims 1 to 9.

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