Supporting and filling integrated system for mine underground stud stoping

Abstract

The invention relates to the field of mining equipment, and particularly discloses a supporting and filling integrated system for mine underground stud stoping, the supporting and filling integrated system comprises a supporting unit and a filling unit, the supporting unit comprises supporting piles and a reinforcing frame, and the reinforcing frame is arranged at the tops of the supporting piles and connected with all the supporting piles; two independent pouring cavities are formed in the supporting pile, three independent material conveying cavities are formed in the reinforcing frame, and the second one of the three material conveying cavities communicates with the two pouring cavities correspondingly. The filling unit comprises a filling pressure sensor, and the filling pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the supporting pile. The invention aims to solve the technical problem that the sinking rate of the filler is too high.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the field of mining equipment, and in particular discloses an integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines. Background Art

[0002] As the mining depth of metal mines continues to increase (some mines have reached 1500-2000 meters), traditional support and filling technologies have exposed significant defects in high ground pressure, high temperature and strong corrosion environments: existing support technologies are mainly anchor rods, U-shaped steel supports and concrete linings, but the support failure rate in deep wells is as high as 15%-20%, and traditional metal supports rely on manual adjustment of cables, which cannot dynamically match the deformation of the surrounding rock, and the overlap parts are prone to loosening, leading to the risk of secondary collapse; although filling technology uses paste or cementing materials (tailings account for While the technology can reduce surface settlement by more than 80% (a decrease of 80%-90%), problems such as paste segregation (coarse particle subsidence rate exceeding 50%), pipeline blockage (failure rate of about 15%), and poor spatial adaptability of equipment (low pass rate in narrow tunnels) still restrict the technical effectiveness. At the same time, existing technologies lack real-time monitoring and feedback mechanisms, support parameter adjustment lags behind surrounding rock deformation (error > 20%), filling density control accuracy is insufficient, and maintenance costs are high (pipeline cleaning requires downtime, and the replacement of a single component takes more than 30 minutes).

[0003] The Chinese patent application number CN201910747035.4 discloses a support device and a support method for pillar-filling recovery in metal mines. The support device includes a horizontal steel beam, two vertical long steel beams connected to the left and right ends of the horizontal steel beam respectively by short bolts, two vertical short steel beams connected to the inner side surfaces of the lower parts of the two vertical long steel beams respectively by short bolts, and two inclined steel beams connected between the horizontal steel beam and the two vertical long steel beams. The support method includes the steps of preparing support materials, and transporting the prepared support materials to the mining site for overlapping. The present invention can achieve rapid and effective support for the roof of the goaf, greatly improve the safety and efficiency of the pillar recovery operation, and has broad application prospects. The present invention has the advantages of easy disassembly and assembly, good support effect, high construction efficiency, adjustable length, and strong adaptability to the thickness of the ore body. It can meet the requirements of the upward filling method for safe recovery of the remaining pillars between the tailings filling bodies in metal mines.

[0004] The above patent explains the problem that temporary support is required for the goaf during metal mining. The use of a steel beam structure to support the goaf is effective, but it does not solve the problem of large particle sedimentation in the filling layer and insufficient strength of the filling layer during the filling process. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of this, the object of the present invention is to provide an integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines to solve the technical problem of excessively high sinking rate of filling materials.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention provides the following technical solutions: A support and filling integrated system for pillar recovery in underground mines includes a support unit and a filling unit. The support unit includes a support pile and a reinforcement frame. The reinforcement frame is arranged on the top of the support pile and connected to all the support piles. Two independent pouring chambers are formed inside the support pile, and three independent material transport chambers are formed in the reinforcement frame. Two of the three material transport chambers are respectively connected to the two pouring chambers. The filling unit includes a filling pressure sensor, which is arranged in the middle of the support pile.

[0007] The support unit in this scheme is mainly used to support the goaf to prevent the goaf from collapsing during the mining process or the filling process. The filling unit is equipped with two pouring chambers and three material transport chambers. One of the pouring chambers is used to pour the filling material, and the other is used to pour the isolation material. When the filling material is poured to a certain height, the isolation material is poured in. The pouring height of the isolation material is about 3-6cm. The density of the isolation material is greater than that of the filling material. After the isolation material is poured, the filling material is poured again. In this process, although the isolation material has a high density and is easy to settle, the thickness of the isolation material is sufficient to form a complete isolation layer. After the filling work is completed, the entire filling layer includes the lower filling layer, the middle isolation layer and the upper filling layer, isolating the original one filling layer into two filling layers. The disadvantage of one filling layer is that after settlement occurs in the filling layer, the density at the bottom of the filling layer is high and the density at the top is low, and the height of the low-density part is relatively high, resulting in the bearing performance of the filling layer not meeting the requirements; the advantage of two filling layers is that even if the filling material settles, due to the reduction in the height of the filling layer, the low-density part in all the filling layers is relatively small, ensuring the strength of the filling layer. In this solution, there is also a material transport chamber whose function is to transport reinforcement materials for reinforcing the top of the goaf. In this solution, the support piles are used as temporary support structures in mining operations, and as pouring pipes in filling operations. After filling is completed, the support piles are buried in the filling layer and do not need to be removed, which reduces the difficulty of setting up pipes for filling operations and improves work efficiency.

[0008] Optionally, the supporting pile is hollow inside, and a partition is vertically arranged in the middle of the supporting pile. The two partitions form two perfusion chambers, and the two perfusion chambers include a filler perfusion chamber and a partition perfusion chamber; a first filler perfusion port is provided at the bottom of the filler perfusion chamber, and a partition perfusion port is provided at the bottom of the partition perfusion chamber, and the partition perfusion port is located in the middle of the supporting pile.

[0009] In this solution, the spacer separates the support pile into a filler pouring chamber and a partition pouring chamber. The space of the filler pouring chamber is larger than that of the partition pouring chamber. The pouring ports of both pouring chambers are located at the bottom. When pouring filler into the filler pouring chamber, the filler is poured upward from the ground of the goaf. The pouring method of this solution is different from the existing technology. The existing technology pours from top to bottom, and the large particle structure in the filler gradually settles downward. In this solution, the pouring is from bottom to top. The newly poured filler can disturb the already poured filler from below, preventing the large particle structure from settling. At the same time, it can also transport the large particle structure at the bottom upward to a certain extent.

[0010] Optionally, a mounting bar that can be flipped downward to a horizontal position is provided on the side of the support pile, wherein the length of the mounting bar is less than 20 cm. The filling pressure sensor is disposed on the mounting bar, and when the mounting bar is in a horizontal position, the filling pressure sensor is located on the upper side of the mounting bar. The mounting bar can be provided with the filling pressure sensor positioned in the middle of the goaf, facing upward, to detect the filling height within the goaf. When the filling height reaches the position of the filling pressure sensor, the filling pressure sensor detects a pressure change, at which point filling can be stopped and the spacer material can be poured into the spacer material pouring chamber instead.

[0011] Optionally, a support base is provided at the bottom of the support pile, and a plurality of brackets are formed on the support base, and the brackets are evenly connected to the edge of the bottom of the support pile. In this solution, the space of the filler injection port becomes larger, which is convenient for injecting filler into the goaf.

[0012] Optionally, a second filler filling port is provided in the middle of the filler filling chamber, the second filler filling port being higher than the spacer filling port, and a pressure outlet valve is provided on the second filler filling port. After the spacer filling is completed, the filler is continued to be poured into the filler filling chamber. At this time, since the lower part of the goaf is filled, the filler is filled from the middle of the goaf until the entire goaf is filled.

[0013] Optionally, the reinforcement frame includes a main frame, the material transport chamber is disposed in the main frame, the material transport chamber includes a filler material transport chamber, a partition material transport chamber, and a reinforcement material transport chamber, and a reinforcement material injection port is provided at the top of the reinforcement material transport chamber. In this solution, the reinforcement material transport chamber can transport reinforcement material underground to strengthen the underground top wall.

[0014] Optionally, the filler transport chamber and the spacer transport chamber are both provided with simple pressure valves, and both are connected to the filler injection chamber and the spacer injection chamber via the simple pressure valves. In this solution, the simple pressure valves can balance the pressure in the transport chamber, so that the filler / spacer material can be evenly injected into each support pile during transport.

[0015] A support and filling integrated system for pillar mining in underground mines, wherein the temporary support method comprises the following steps: S1, installation of support piles and reinforcement frame; S2, supporting the formwork, pumping the reinforcement material into the reinforcement material transport chamber of the reinforcement frame, and removing the formwork after the reinforcement material solidifies; The filling method includes the following steps: S1, unfold all the installation strips in the well so that the filling pressure sensor faces upward; S2, pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until all the filling pressure sensors detect that the pressure changes to a preset value; S3, stop pumping the filling material and pump the isolation material into the isolation material transport chamber; S4, stop pumping the isolation material and continue pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until the filling is completed.

[0016] The working principle and beneficial effects of this solution are: 1. In this plan, support piles and reinforced frames are used as temporary support structures in the goaf, which play a good supporting role when mining metal ores. After mining is completed, support piles and reinforced frames are used as transportation pipelines for filling the goaf, used to transport filling materials and spacers, so that the process of setting up pipelines in the filling work is omitted, which improves the filling efficiency to a certain extent.

[0017] 2. The filling method using support piles in this solution is significantly different from the existing technology. The difference is that in this solution, support piles are used to start filling from the bottom of the goaf. The advantage of filling from the bottom up is that the new filling material will squeeze and transport the already poured filling material upward, while causing fluid disturbance at the bottom to reduce the problem of large particle structure sedimentation. In this solution, after filling to a certain height, a layer of partition material is poured on the filling layer, and then filling is continued. The partition material divides the filling layer into two layers, the upper and lower layers. The two filling layers can also alleviate the problem of large particle structure sedimentation. Since the bottom filling method and the double-layer filling layer method are adopted in this solution, the overall density and viscosity of the filling material are reduced as a whole, and the filling material ratio needs to be adjusted.

[0018] 3. In this solution, the filling pressure sensor is used to determine the filling height of the lower filling layer. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural diagram of an embodiment; Figure 2 It is a structural diagram of the support unit and the filling unit; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal structure of the supporting pile; Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the filling layer structure.

[0020] The markings in the accompanying drawings are as follows: supporting pile 1, partition material pouring port 2, bracket 3, support base 4, mounting bar 5, main frame 6, reinforcement material pouring port 7, filler transport chamber 8, partition material transport chamber 9, reinforcement material transport chamber 10, partition 11, filler pouring chamber 12, partition material pouring chamber 13, first filler pouring port 15, second filler pouring port 16, filling pressure sensor 17, partition 18, spring sheet 19, valve plate 20, filling layer 21, partition material layer 22. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0021] The following is further described in detail through specific implementation methods: Example An integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines, such as Figures 1-4 As shown, it includes a supporting unit and a filling unit.

[0022] The support unit includes a support pile and a reinforcement frame. The support pile is hollow inside, and a partition is vertically arranged inside, and the lower end of the partition extends to the middle of the support pile. The two partitions form two filling chambers, namely the filler filling chamber and the partition filling chamber, wherein the space of the filler filling chamber is larger than the partition filling chamber. A first filler filling port is provided at the bottom of the filler filling chamber, a second filler filling port is provided in the middle of the filler filling chamber, and a pressure outlet valve is provided on the second filler filling port. The structure of the pressure outlet valve belongs to a very common existing technology and will not be described in detail or drawn in the figure. A partition filling port is provided at the bottom of the partition filling chamber, and the partition filling port is located in the middle of the support pile. The height of the partition filling port is lower than the second filler filling port. A support base is provided at the bottom of the support pile, and a plurality of brackets are formed on the support base, and the brackets are evenly connected to the edge of the bottom of the support pile. The side rotation hinge of the support pile is provided with a mounting bar that can be flipped down to a horizontal position. The length of the mounting bar is less than 20 cm. The filling pressure sensor is arranged on the mounting bar. When the mounting bar is in a horizontal state, the filling pressure sensor is located on the upper side of the mounting bar. At this time, the position of the filling pressure sensor is lower than the partition filling port.

[0023] In this embodiment, the overall density of the spacer material is greater than that of the filler material.

[0024] The reinforcement frame is arranged on the top of the support piles and is connected to all the support piles. The reinforcement frame includes a main frame and a reinforcement mesh. The reinforcement mesh can be a chain mesh or a steel mesh. The chain mesh is highly flexible and easy to install but has basically no reinforcement effect. The steel mesh is difficult to install but has a good reinforcement effect, and the strength of the reinforcement layer is also better during subsequent grouting reinforcement. The main frame is in the shape of a rectangular parallelepiped. The main frame is hollow inside and has a T-shaped partition integrally formed. The partition divides the main frame into three independent material transport chambers, namely the filler material transport chamber on the lower left, the partition material transport chamber on the lower right, and the reinforcement material transport chamber on the top. The filler material transport chamber is connected to the filler infusion chamber, and the partition material transport chamber is connected to the partition material infusion chamber. A reinforcement material infusion port is provided at the top of the reinforcement material transport chamber. Both the filler material transport chamber and the partition material transport chamber are provided with a simple pressure valve, and both are connected to the filler infusion chamber and the partition material infusion chamber through the simple pressure valve. The structure of the simple pressure valve includes a valve plate and a spring sheet. The spring sheet is fixed on the inner wall of the filler injection chamber / spacer injection chamber of the support pile. The valve plate is welded to the spring sheet. The shape of the valve plate is semicircular. The size of the valve plate and the spring sheet does not need to match the chamber, and can be slightly smaller than the chamber. Because most of the components of the filler have a large particle size, the tiny gap between the valve plate and the chamber is not enough to allow a large amount of filler to fall.

[0025] The filling unit includes a filling pressure sensor and a filling pipe, and the filling pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the supporting pile.

[0026] A support and filling integrated system for pillar mining in underground mines, wherein the temporary support method comprises the following steps: S1, installation of support piles and reinforcement frame; S2, supporting the formwork, pumping the reinforcement material into the reinforcement material transport chamber of the reinforcement frame, and removing the formwork after the reinforcement material solidifies; The filling method includes the following steps: S1, unfold all the installation strips in the well so that the filling pressure sensor faces upward; S2, supporting the formwork and pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until all the filling pressure sensors detect that the pressure changes to the preset value; at this time, the lower part of the goaf is filled with the filling material and a filling layer is formed, the height of which is not less than half of the height of the goaf; S3, stop pumping the filling material and pump the isolation material into the isolation material transport chamber; the isolation material flows out of the isolation material filling port and forms an isolation layer on the filling layer below. The thickness of the isolation layer is less than 10 cm, generally about 5-6 cm. In order to determine the filling height of the isolation layer, a pressure sensor method can also be used; S4, stop pumping the isolation material, and continue pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until the filling is completed. Whether the filling is completed is mainly determined by monitoring the pumping pressure of the filling material.

[0027] During the filling process of this embodiment, there is no need to wait for the lower filling layer to solidify. Filling can be continued directly after the isolation layer is filled, because the isolation layer in this embodiment has sufficient thickness to isolate the upper and lower filling layers, so as to reduce the impact caused by excessive sedimentation of large particle structures in the filling layer.

[0028] The above description is merely an embodiment of the present invention. Common knowledge regarding the specific structure and characteristics of the solution is not described in detail herein. It should be noted that those skilled in the art will be able to make various modifications and improvements without departing from the structure of the present invention. These modifications and improvements should also be considered within the scope of protection of the present invention and will not affect the effectiveness and practicality of the present invention.

Claims

1. An integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines, characterized by: It includes a supporting unit and a filling unit. The supporting unit includes a supporting pile and a reinforcement frame. The reinforcement frame is arranged on the top of the supporting pile and connected to all the supporting piles. Two independent pouring chambers are formed inside the supporting pile, and three independent material transport chambers are formed in the reinforcement frame. Two of the three material transport chambers are respectively connected to the two pouring chambers. The filling unit includes a filling pressure sensor. The filling pressure sensor is arranged in the middle of the supporting pile.

2. The integrated support and filling system for pillar recovery in underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The supporting pile is hollow inside, and a partition is vertically arranged in the middle of the supporting pile. The two partitions form two pouring chambers, and the two pouring chambers include a filler pouring chamber and a partition pouring chamber. A first filler pouring port is provided at the bottom of the filler pouring chamber, and a partition pouring port is provided at the bottom of the partition pouring chamber. The partition pouring port is located in the middle of the supporting pile.

3. The integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to claim 2, characterized in that: The side of the support pile is provided with a mounting bar that can be flipped down to a horizontal position. The length of the mounting bar is less than 20 cm. The filling pressure sensor is arranged on the mounting bar. When the mounting bar is in a horizontal state, the filling pressure sensor is located on the upper side of the mounting bar.

4. The integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to claim 3, characterized in that: A support base is provided at the bottom of the support pile, and a plurality of brackets are formed on the support base, and the brackets are evenly connected to the edge of the bottom of the support pile.

5. An integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to any one of claims 2 to 4, characterized in that: A second filler filling port is provided in the middle of the filler filling chamber. The height of the second filler filling port is higher than the spacer filling port. A pressure outlet valve is provided on the second filler filling port.

6. The integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The reinforcement frame includes a main frame, the material transport chamber is arranged in the main frame, the material transport chamber includes a filler material transport chamber, a partition material transport chamber and a reinforcement material transport chamber, and a reinforcement material pouring port is opened on the top of the reinforcement material transport chamber.

7. The integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to claim 6, characterized in that: The filler material transport chamber and the partition material transport chamber are both provided with simple pressure valves, and the two are connected with the filler infusion chamber and the partition material infusion chamber through the simple pressure valves.

8. The integrated support and filling system for pillar mining in underground mines according to claim 1, characterized in that: The temporary support method includes the following steps: S1, installation of support piles and reinforcement frame; S2, supporting the formwork, pumping the reinforcement material into the reinforcement material transport chamber of the reinforcement frame, and removing the formwork after the reinforcement material solidifies; The filling method includes the following steps: S1, unfold all the installation strips in the well so that the filling pressure sensor faces upward; S2, pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until all the filling pressure sensors detect that the pressure changes to a preset value; S3, stop pumping the filling material and pump the isolation material into the isolation material transport chamber; S4, stop pumping the isolation material and continue pumping the filling material into the filling material transport chamber until the filling is completed.

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