Dual-fuel nozzle and engine
The design of a dual-valve core structure and spring mechanism solves the problem that traditional fuel nozzles cannot adapt to switching between different fuels, achieves precise control and sealing of the fuel, and improves combustion efficiency and system safety.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202410318170.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2024-03-20
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-23
AI Technical Summary
Traditional fuel nozzles cannot adapt to the flexible switching and precise control of different types of fuels, and there are fuel leakage problems, which affect the performance and safety of the nozzles.
The dual valve core structure and spring mechanism are adopted, and the sealing surface and annular cavity are designed to achieve precise control and effective sealing of the two fuels to prevent leakage.
It achieves flexible control of liquid and gaseous fuels, improves combustion efficiency and system safety, reduces harmful emissions, and simplifies maintenance processes.
Smart Images
Figure CN120684332A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of fuel nozzles, and more particularly, to a dual-fuel nozzle and an engine. Background Art
[0002] In modern industry and machinery, efficient fuel utilization and control are key factors in improving energy efficiency and reducing environmental pollution. In particular, precise control of fuel supply in internal combustion engines, gas turbines, and various industrial combustion systems not only optimizes combustion efficiency but also reduces harmful emissions, helping to meet increasingly stringent environmental standards.
[0003] Traditional fuel nozzles are typically designed to supply a single fuel and are unable to adapt to different fuel types or fuel switching needs. This limits their efficiency and flexibility in multi-fuel applications. With technological advancements and the growing demand for diverse energy sources, there is a growing demand for equipment capable of simultaneously or alternately using different fuel types (such as liquid and gaseous fuels). Therefore, a nozzle system that can flexibly use multiple fuels and achieve precise control is needed to adapt to complex industrial applications and energy utilization requirements.
[0004] However, the design and implementation of dual-fuel or multi-fuel systems present numerous challenges, including precise control of fuel flow, effective sealing and switching between different fuels, and overall system reliability and stability. Furthermore, potential leakage during fuel switching, particularly when mixing liquid and gaseous fuels, requires special attention, as it can affect nozzle performance and even pose a safety hazard.
[0005] Therefore, developing a new type of dual-fuel nozzle that allows precise control and effective switching of two different fuels while solving leakage and sealing issues is crucial to meeting the requirements of modern combustion systems for efficiency, flexibility, and environmental friendliness. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The present invention provides a dual-fuel nozzle and an engine for realizing precise control and effective switching of two different fuels.
[0007] In order to solve the above technical problems, the technical solutions of the present invention are as follows: A dual-fuel nozzle comprises a valve body, wherein a first mounting cavity is defined in a central portion of the valve body; a second fuel valve core is movably mounted in the first mounting cavity; a second fuel spring is sleeved around the top of the second fuel valve core; the top of the second fuel valve core and the first mounting cavity form a second fuel control cavity; an outer wall of a bottom portion of the second fuel valve core is configured to form a second fuel sealing surface with an inner wall of the first mounting cavity under the push of the second fuel spring; a first annular cavity is defined above the second fuel sealing surface, and a second annular cavity is defined below the second fuel sealing surface; The valve body is provided with a first control fluid inlet and a second fuel inlet at the top, and at least one second fuel injection hole is arranged in an annular pattern at the bottom of the valve body; the first control fluid inlet is connected to the second fuel control cavity, the second fuel inlet is connected to the first annular cavity, and the second fuel injection hole is connected to the second annular cavity; A second mounting cavity is defined at a central position within the second fuel valve core, wherein a first fuel valve core is movably mounted within the second mounting cavity, and a first fuel spring is sleeved on the top of the first fuel valve core; a third annular groove is defined at the bottom of the first fuel valve core, and the third annular groove and the second mounting cavity form a first fuel control cavity; an outer wall of the bottom of the first fuel valve core is configured to form a first fuel sealing surface with an inner wall of the second mounting cavity under the push of the first fuel spring, and a fuel chamber is defined below the first fuel sealing surface; A first fuel inlet is provided at the top of the valve body, and at least one first fuel spray hole is arranged in an annular manner at the bottom of the second fuel valve core; the first fuel inlet is connected to the first fuel control cavity, and the first fuel spray hole is connected to the fuel chamber.
[0008] Furthermore, a second annular groove is provided on the top of the second fuel valve core, and the second fuel spring is sleeved on the second annular groove; one end of the second fuel spring is in conflict with the top wall of the first mounting cavity, and the other end of the second fuel spring is in conflict with the bottom wall of the second annular groove.
[0009] Furthermore, a height difference is provided between the outer top wall of the second fuel valve core and the inner top wall of the first mounting cavity to form a lift of the second fuel valve core; An outer top wall of the first fuel valve core and an inner top wall of the second mounting cavity are provided with a height difference to form a lift of the first fuel valve core.
[0010] Furthermore, the first fuel inlet is connected to the first fuel control chamber through a first fuel channel, the first fuel channel includes a first transverse channel running through the side wall of the second fuel valve core, and a second transverse channel and a first vertical channel arranged in the valve body, one end of the first vertical channel is connected to the first fuel inlet, the other end of the first vertical channel is connected to the second transverse channel, and the second transverse channel is connected to the first transverse channel.
[0011] Furthermore, a fourth annular groove is formed on the outer side wall of the second fuel valve core close to the first transverse channel, and the fourth annular groove is connected to the first transverse channel.
[0012] Furthermore, the valve body is provided with a fifth annular groove on the inner side wall close to the second transverse channel, and the fifth annular groove is connected to the second transverse channel.
[0013] Furthermore, the volume between the top of the first fuel valve core and the second installation cavity constitutes a third annular cavity; the top of the valve body is provided with an oil return port, and the oil return port is communicated with the third annular cavity.
[0014] Furthermore, a second control fluid inlet is provided at the top of the valve body, and the second control fluid inlet is communicated with the first annular cavity.
[0015] Furthermore, a first annular groove is provided on the top of the first fuel valve core, and the first fuel spring is sleeved on the first annular groove; one end of the first fuel spring is in conflict with the top wall of the second mounting cavity, and the other end of the first fuel spring is in conflict with the bottom wall of the first annular groove.
[0016] An engine comprises the aforementioned dual-fuel nozzle.
[0017] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the technical solution of the present invention are: The present invention provides a dual-fuel nozzle and engine. The nozzle achieves precise control and effective sealing of two fuels through a built-in dual-valve core structure, spring mechanism and sealing surface, ensuring combustion efficiency and system safety. The dual-fuel nozzle design can flexibly handle two different types of fuels, liquid and gas. In addition, the modular design of the nozzle facilitates maintenance, optimizes the combustion process, reduces harmful emissions, and is environmentally friendly. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.
[0019] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the dual-fuel nozzle of the present invention; Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the lift of the first fuel valve core and the lift of the second fuel valve core of the dual-fuel nozzle of the present invention; Description of the marks in the figure: 1. First fuel control chamber; 2. Second fuel control chamber; 3. Second control fluid inlet; 4. Oil return port; 5. First control fluid inlet; 6. First fuel inlet; 7. Second fuel inlet; 8. First fuel spring; 9. Second fuel spring; 10. First fuel valve core; 11. Second fuel valve core; 12. Valve body; 13. Second fuel spray hole; 14. First fuel spray hole; 15. First fuel sealing surface; 16. Second fuel sealing surface. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0020] In order to better understand the purpose, structure and function of the present invention, the technical solution of the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific preferred embodiments.
[0021] In the description of the present invention, it should be understood that the terms "left side", "right side", "upper part", "lower part", etc. indicate orientations or positional relationships based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. They are only for the convenience of describing the present invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed and operated in a specific orientation. "First", "second", etc. do not indicate the importance of the components and therefore cannot be understood as limiting the present invention. The specific dimensions used in the embodiments are only for illustrating the technical solutions and do not limit the scope of protection of the present invention. It is understandable to those skilled in the art that some well-known structures and their descriptions in the drawings may be omitted.
[0022] Unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, terms such as "installed," "installed," "connected," and "fixed" should be interpreted broadly. For example, they may refer to fixed or detachable connections, or integration; mechanical or electrical connections; direct or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and internal communication between two components or interaction between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of these terms in this application based on the specific circumstances. Example 1
[0023] like Figure 1-2 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution: A dual-fuel nozzle comprises a valve body 12, wherein a first mounting cavity is defined in the middle of the valve body 12; a second fuel valve core 11 is movably mounted in the first mounting cavity, a second fuel spring 9 is sleeved on the top of the second fuel valve core 11, and the top of the second fuel valve core 11 and the first mounting cavity form a second fuel control cavity 2; an outer wall of the bottom of the second fuel valve core 11 is configured to form a second fuel sealing surface 16 with the inner wall of the first mounting cavity under the push of the second fuel spring 9, that is, a second fuel sealing surface 16 in contact with each other is provided at the junction of the first mounting cavity of the valve body 12 and the upper and lower portions of the second fuel valve core 11; a first annular cavity is provided on the upper side of the second fuel sealing surface 16, and a second annular cavity is provided on the lower side of the second fuel sealing surface 16; The valve body 12 is provided with a first control fluid inlet 5 and a second fuel inlet 7 at the top, and at least one second fuel injection hole 13 is arranged in an annular pattern at the bottom of the valve body 12; the first control fluid inlet 5 is in communication with the second fuel control chamber 2, the second fuel inlet 7 is in communication with the first annular cavity, and the second fuel injection hole 13 is in communication with the second annular cavity; During operation, the second fuel inlet 7 is fed with high-pressure second fuel, and the first control fluid inlet 5 is fed with high-pressure first control fluid. The second fuel valve core 11 is pressed against the sealing surface under the action of hydraulic pressure and spring force, and the second fuel valve core 11 is closed. When the first control fluid becomes low pressure, the second fuel valve core 11 moves upward under the action of the hydraulic pressure to overcome the spring force of the second fuel spring 9, the second fuel valve core 11 opens, and the second fuel is sprayed from the second fuel spray hole 13; A second mounting cavity is defined at the center of the second fuel valve core 11, in which a first fuel valve core 10 is movably mounted, and a first fuel spring 8 is sleeved on the top of the first fuel valve core 10; a third annular groove is defined at the bottom of the first fuel valve core 10, and the third annular groove and the second mounting cavity form a first fuel control cavity 1; the outer wall of the bottom of the first fuel valve core 10 is configured to form a first fuel sealing surface 15 with the inner wall of the second mounting cavity under the push of the first fuel spring 8, that is, the intersection of the upper and lower portions of the second mounting cavity of the second fuel valve core 11 and the bottom of the first fuel valve core 10 are provided with a first fuel sealing surface 15 in contact with each other, and a fuel chamber is provided on the lower side of the first fuel sealing surface 15; A first fuel inlet 6 is provided at the top of the valve body 12, and at least one first fuel injection hole 14 is arranged in an annular manner at the bottom of the second fuel valve core 11; the first fuel inlet 6 is connected to the first fuel control chamber 1, and the first fuel injection hole 14 is connected to the fuel chamber; During operation, the first fuel control chamber 1 is fed with low-pressure first fuel from the first fuel inlet 6, and the first fuel valve core 10 is pressed against the sealing surface under the action of the spring force, and the first fuel valve core 10 is closed; When the first fuel becomes high pressure, the first fuel valve core 10 moves upward under the action of the liquid pressure in the first fuel control chamber 1, overcoming the spring force of the first fuel spring 8, the first fuel valve core 10 opens, and the first fuel is sprayed out from the first fuel spray hole 14.
[0024] The nozzle design of this embodiment supports two different types of fuels, liquid and gas, providing a high degree of energy usage flexibility, and is particularly suitable for scenarios where fuel types need to be switched according to different working conditions or fuel supply conditions; the built-in valve core and spring mechanism allow precise control of the fuel supply amount, which helps to improve combustion efficiency, reduce fuel consumption, while optimizing the combustion process and reducing harmful emissions; the specially designed sealing surface and annular cavity structure effectively prevent fuel leakage, ensuring the safety and reliability of the system, which is especially important for handling flammable, explosive or toxic fuels; the structural design of the nozzle allows modular installation and maintenance of various components, simplifies the maintenance process, and reduces long-term operation and maintenance costs; by optimizing combustion efficiency and reducing invalid fuel consumption, the nozzle helps to reduce environmental pollution and is beneficial to environmental protection. Example 2
[0025] Based on Example 1, Figure 1-2 A second annular groove is provided on the top of the second fuel valve core 11, and the second fuel spring 9 is sleeved on the second annular groove; one end of the second fuel spring 9 is in conflict with the top wall of the first mounting cavity, and the other end of the second fuel spring 9 is in conflict with the bottom wall of the second annular groove; the second fuel spring 9 presses the second fuel valve core 11 against the second fuel sealing surface 16.
[0026] Furthermore, a first annular groove is provided on the top of the first fuel valve core 10, and the first fuel spring 8 is mounted on the first annular groove; one end of the first fuel spring 8 is in contact with the top wall of the second mounting cavity, and the other end of the first fuel spring 8 is in contact with the bottom wall of the first annular groove, and the first fuel spring 8 presses the first fuel valve core 10 against the first fuel sealing surface 15.
[0027] Furthermore, the lower diameter of the first mounting cavity of the valve body 12 is smaller than the upper diameter, and the lower diameter of the second fuel valve core 11 is smaller than the upper diameter; the upper and lower diameters of the first mounting cavity of the valve body 12 are respectively the same as the upper and lower diameters of the second fuel valve core 11; the upper and lower parts of the first mounting cavity of the second fuel valve core 11 and the valve body 12 respectively form a guiding fit and have a certain sealing effect.
[0028] Furthermore, the annular area between the sealing intersection line of the second fuel sealing surface 16 of the second fuel valve core 11 and its outer diameter is smaller than the area of the top of the second fuel valve core 11 .
[0029] Furthermore, the lower diameter of the second installation cavity of the second fuel valve core 11 is smaller than the upper diameter, and the lower diameter of the first fuel valve core 10 is smaller than the upper diameter; the upper diameter of the second installation cavity of the second fuel valve core 11 is the same as the upper diameter of the first fuel valve core 10.
[0030] Furthermore, the upper portions of the second mounting cavities of the first fuel valve core 10 and the second fuel valve core 11 form a guiding fit and have a certain sealing effect.
[0031] Furthermore, except for the first fuel injection hole 14 opened at the bottom, the rest of the second installation cavity is a closed structure.
[0032] Based on Example 1, by improving the design of the top of the second fuel valve core and the top of the first fuel valve core, the stability and response speed of the valve core are improved, and the accuracy of fuel switching and control is further optimized, thereby enhancing the reliability and performance of the nozzle. Example 3
[0033] Based on Example 1, Figure 1-2 , an outer top wall of the second fuel valve core 11 and an inner top wall of the first mounting cavity are provided with a height difference to form a second fuel valve core lift; A height difference is set between the outer top wall of the first fuel valve core 10 and the inner top wall of the second mounting cavity to form a first fuel valve core lift.
[0034] By setting the lift height difference between the first and second fuel valve cores, Example 3 increases the flexibility and controllability of fuel injection, allowing for more precise adjustment of the fuel flow rate, which is particularly beneficial for optimizing the combustion process and improving combustion efficiency. Example 4
[0035] Based on Example 1, Figure 1-2The first fuel inlet 6 is connected to the first fuel control chamber 1 through a first fuel channel. The first fuel channel includes a first transverse channel running through the side wall of the second fuel valve core 11 and a second transverse channel and a first vertical channel arranged in the valve body 12. One end of the first vertical channel is connected to the first fuel inlet 6, and the other end of the first vertical channel is connected to the second transverse channel, and the second transverse channel is connected to the first transverse channel.
[0036] Considering that the radial positions of the valve body 12 and the second fuel valve core 11 are not fixed, an annular groove is formed on the valve body 12 or the second fuel valve core 11 at the connection point, as follows: The second fuel valve core 11 is provided with a fourth annular groove on the outer side wall thereof close to the first transverse channel, and the fourth annular groove is connected to the first transverse channel; Alternatively, the valve body 12 is provided with a fifth annular groove on the inner side wall close to the second transverse channel, and the fifth annular groove is connected to the second transverse channel.
[0037] Example 4 improves the reliability and stability of the fuel supply by improving the design of the fuel channel, including adding annular grooves to accommodate changes in radial position; this design improves the continuity of the fuel supply, which is crucial for achieving a more stable and efficient combustion process. Example 5
[0038] Based on Example 1, Figure 1-2 , the volume between the top of the first fuel valve core 10 and the second installation cavity constitutes a third annular cavity; Taking into account that there is a certain amount of leakage at the guide fitting between the second fuel valve core 11 and the first fuel valve core 10, the first fuel control chamber 1 leaks upward and enters the cavity at the top of the first fuel valve core 10, causing the first fuel valve core 10 to be unable to close; therefore, a return oil port 4 is provided at the top of the valve body 12, and the return oil port is connected to the third annular cavity.
[0039] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed on the valve body 12 or the second fuel valve core 11. The arrangement of the annular groove here can refer to the arrangement of the fourth annular groove and the fifth annular groove in Example 4, and will not be repeated here.
[0040] Furthermore, considering that there is a certain amount of leakage at the guide fitting between the first mounting cavity of the valve body 12 and the second fuel valve core 11, since the pressure of the first fuel is not continuously high, when the second fuel pressure is greater than the first fuel pressure, the second fuel in the upper annular groove of the second fuel sealing surface 16 will leak upward and enter the first fuel inlet 6. When the first fuel is a liquid such as diesel and the second fuel is a gas such as natural gas, if there is compressible gas in the first fuel control cavity 1, the control of the first fuel valve core 10 will be affected. Therefore, a second control fluid inlet 3 is provided on the top of the valve body 12 , and the second control fluid inlet 3 is communicated with the first annular cavity.
[0041] Furthermore, an annular groove is formed on the valve body 12 or the second fuel valve core 11. The arrangement of the annular groove here can refer to the arrangement of the fourth annular groove and the fifth annular groove in Example 4, and will not be repeated here.
[0042] Taking into account the potential leakage problem at the guide fitting, Example 5 effectively solves the fuel leakage problem by adding an oil return port and improving the sealing structure, thereby improving the safety and reliability of the system; at the same time, this design also helps to maintain the correct position of the fuel valve core and ensure the accuracy of fuel control. Example 6
[0043] The present invention provides a technical solution: an engine comprising the aforementioned dual-fuel nozzle.
[0044] Obviously, the above embodiments of the present invention are merely examples for the purpose of clearly illustrating the present invention, and are not intended to limit the embodiments of the present invention. Those skilled in the art will appreciate that other variations or modifications can be made based on the above description. It is not necessary and impossible to enumerate all embodiments here. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the claims of the present invention.
Claims
1. A dual fuel nozzle, characterized in that: The invention comprises a valve body (12), wherein a first installation cavity is provided in the middle of the valve body (12); a second fuel valve core (11) is movably installed in the first installation cavity, a second fuel spring (9) is sleeved on the top of the second fuel valve core (11), and the top of the second fuel valve core (11) and the first installation cavity form a second fuel control cavity (2); the outer wall of the bottom of the second fuel valve core (11) is configured to form a second fuel sealing surface (16) with the inner wall of the first installation cavity under the push of the second fuel spring (9), the upper side of the second fuel sealing surface (16) is provided with a first annular cavity, and the lower side of the second fuel sealing surface (16) is provided with a second annular cavity; The top of the valve body (12) is provided with a first control fluid inlet (5) and a second fuel inlet (7), and the bottom of the valve body (12) is provided with at least one second fuel spray hole (13) arranged in an annular shape; the first control fluid inlet (5) is communicated with the second fuel control cavity (2), the second fuel inlet (7) is communicated with the first annular cavity, and the second fuel spray hole (13) is communicated with the second annular cavity; A second mounting cavity is provided at the center of the second fuel valve core (11), a first fuel valve core (10) is movably mounted in the second mounting cavity, and a first fuel spring (8) is sleeved on the top of the first fuel valve core (10); a third annular groove is provided at the bottom of the first fuel valve core (10), and the third annular groove and the second mounting cavity form a first fuel control cavity (1); an outer wall of the bottom of the first fuel valve core (10) is configured to form a first fuel sealing surface (15) with the inner wall of the second mounting cavity under the push of the first fuel spring (8), and a fuel chamber is provided on the lower side of the first fuel sealing surface (15); A first fuel inlet (6) is provided at the top of the valve body (12), and at least one first fuel spray hole (14) is arranged in an annular shape at the bottom of the second fuel valve core (11); the first fuel inlet (6) is connected to the first fuel control chamber (1), and the first fuel spray hole (14) is connected to the fuel chamber.
2. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second annular groove is provided on the top of the second fuel valve core (11), and the second fuel spring (9) is sleeved on the second annular groove; one end of the second fuel spring (9) abuts against the top wall of the first mounting cavity, and the other end of the second fuel spring (9) abuts against the bottom wall of the second annular groove.
3. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: An outer top wall of the second fuel valve core (11) and an inner top wall of the first mounting cavity are provided with a height difference to form a lift of the second fuel valve core; An outer top wall of the first fuel valve core (10) and an inner top wall of the second mounting cavity are provided with a height difference to form a lift of the first fuel valve core.
4. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first fuel inlet (6) is connected to the first fuel control chamber (1) through a first fuel channel, the first fuel channel includes a first transverse channel penetrating the side wall of the second fuel valve core (11), and a second transverse channel and a first vertical channel arranged in the valve body (12), one end of the first vertical channel is connected to the first fuel inlet (6), the other end of the first vertical channel is connected to the second transverse channel, and the second transverse channel is connected to the first transverse channel.
5. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second fuel valve core (11) is provided with a fourth annular groove on an outer side wall close to the first transverse channel, and the fourth annular groove is connected to the first transverse channel.
6. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 4, characterized in that: The valve body (12) is provided with a fifth annular groove on the inner side wall close to the second transverse channel, and the fifth annular groove is connected to the second transverse channel.
7. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The volume between the top of the first fuel valve core (10) and the second installation cavity forms a third annular cavity; an oil return port (4) is provided at the top of the valve body (12), and the oil return port is connected to the third annular cavity.
8. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A second control fluid inlet (3) is provided on the top of the valve body (12), and the second control fluid inlet (3) is communicated with the first annular cavity.
9. The dual fuel nozzle according to claim 1, characterized in that: A first annular groove is provided on the top of the first fuel valve core (10), and the first fuel spring (8) is sleeved on the first annular groove; one end of the first fuel spring (8) abuts against the top wall of the second mounting cavity, and the other end of the first fuel spring (8) abuts against the bottom wall of the first annular groove.
10. An engine, characterized in that: The engine comprises the dual-fuel nozzle according to any one of claims 1-9.