Exhaust assembly, compressor and air conditioning system

Abstract

The invention provides an exhaust assembly, a compressor and an air conditioning system. The exhaust assembly comprises an exhaust structure; at least two annular cooling flow channels are formed in the outer wall of the exhaust structure. All the annular cooling flow channels comprise a mixed reaction flow channel and at least one supply flow channel, and each supply flow channel is communicated with the mixed reaction flow channel through at least one communicating pipeline. According to the exhaust assembly, the compressor and the air conditioning system, the annular cooling flow channel is formed in the outer wall of the exhaust structure, the annular cooling flow channel is set to be the mixed reaction flow channel and the supply flow channel, heat absorption can be conducted on exhaust gas through the temperature of a coolant fed into the supply flow channel, one-time cooling of the exhaust gas is achieved, and the cooling efficiency is improved. And meanwhile, the coolant supplied to the flow channel can flow into the mixed reaction flow channel to generate a chemical reaction for absorbing heat, so that secondary cooling of the exhaust is realized, the reliability of temperature control of the exhaust is improved, and the working reliability of the compressor and the air conditioning system is further ensured.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of cooling structures, in particular to an exhaust component, a compressor and an air-conditioning system. Background Art

[0002] Excessive compressor exhaust temperature is a typical fault phenomenon in refrigeration and air conditioning systems. Its essence is abnormal energy conversion caused by system thermodynamic imbalance or mechanical performance degradation. In the vapor compression cycle, the compressor converts low-temperature, low-pressure gaseous refrigerant into high-temperature, high-pressure gas through adiabatic compression. In theory, the exhaust temperature is determined by the compression ratio (exhaust pressure / suction pressure), suction superheat, and compression efficiency. However, in actual systems, abnormal temperature increases often result from the following coupling effects:

[0003] 1. Thermodynamic factors: Insufficient refrigerant flow (leakage or throttling), too high condensing pressure (poor heat dissipation) or too low evaporating pressure (insufficient load) causes the compression ratio to exceed the design range (usually >8:1 when the risk is significant)

[0004] 2. Heat transfer failure: Condenser fouling (dust accumulation on air-cooled fins > 2mm or scaling on water-cooled tubes > 0.5mm) reduces heat exchange efficiency by 30%-50%, resulting in heat not being discharged in time;

[0005] 3. Mechanical loss: Internal leakage of the compressor (valve seal failure, piston ring wear) and lubrication deterioration (oil viscosity drop > 15% or carbonization) lead to a sharp increase in frictional heat. Measured data show that such failures can increase the exhaust temperature by an additional 20-40°C.

[0006] 4. Control imbalance: Inaccurate expansion valve opening (superheat deviation > 5°C), coupled inverter carrier frequency and mechanical resonance, etc., can disrupt the system's dynamic balance. In particular, over- and under-compression of the compressor are addressed by adjusting the slide valve. However, the cogging pressure at the end of compression is unknown, making it impossible to accurately ensure that the internal and external pressure ratios are equal. This results in compressor performance falling below optimal values, making long-term efficient operation impossible.

[0007] Research has shown that prolonged exhaust temperatures exceeding 135°C (using R22 as an example) trigger a chain reaction: accelerated lubricant carbonization (the oxidation rate doubles with every 10°C increase), thermal decomposition of the refrigerant to produce acidic substances (for example, R134a decomposes HF above 160°C), and thermal deformation and failure of the valve plate, ultimately leading to irreversible damage to the compressor. Industry statistics show that approximately 23% of compressor failures can be traced to uncontrolled exhaust temperatures.

[0008] Therefore, in low-temperature refrigeration and high-temperature heat pump compressors, the control of exhaust temperature is extremely important. The existing technology is unable to reliably control the exhaust temperature, which seriously affects the reliability of the compressor. Summary of the Invention

[0009] In order to solve the technical problem in the prior art that the exhaust temperature cannot be reliably controlled, which affects the reliability of the compressor, an exhaust component, a compressor and an air-conditioning system are provided, which utilize different coolants to be fed into the supply flow channel to perform a heat-absorbing chemical reaction to ensure the temperature control of the exhaust gas and improve the reliability of the compressor.

[0010] An exhaust assembly comprising:

[0011] an exhaust structure, wherein an exhaust flow channel is formed in the exhaust structure;

[0012] At least two annular cooling channels are formed on the outer wall of the exhaust structure;

[0013] All of the annular cooling channels include a mixing reaction channel and at least one supply channel, and each supply channel is connected to the mixing reaction channel via at least one connecting pipe;

[0014] The supply flow channel is provided with an inlet, and the mixing reaction flow channel is provided with an inlet and an outlet.

[0015] One end of the exhaust flow channel forms an exhaust port, and the mixing reaction flow channel is located at one end of all the annular cooling flow channels close to the exhaust port.

[0016] Each of the supply flow channels is filled with a coolant, and at least two coolants can undergo an endothermic chemical reaction in the mixed reaction flow channel.

[0017] All of the coolants include at least sodium bicarbonate solution and citric acid solution; or, all of the coolants include at least ammonium chloride aqueous solution and barium hydroxide octahydrate.

[0018] A throttling structure is provided at the inlet.

[0019] The exhaust component also includes a temperature detection mechanism and a control structure. The temperature detection mechanism can obtain the temperature in the exhaust flow channel. The control structure is electrically connected to the temperature detection mechanism and all the throttling structures, and the control structure can control the opening of all the throttling structures according to the temperature value obtained by the temperature detection mechanism.

[0020] The exhaust assembly further comprises:

[0021] a housing, wherein the housing is sleeved on the outside of the exhaust structure, and an annular space is defined between the housing and the exhaust structure;

[0022] A partition structure is provided in the annular space, and the partition component divides the annular space into all the annular cooling channels.

[0023] The exhaust structure, the partition structure and the shell are integrally cast.

[0024] A compressor comprises the above-mentioned exhaust assembly.

[0025] An air-conditioning system comprises the above-mentioned exhaust assembly or the above-mentioned compressor.

[0026] The exhaust assembly, compressor and air-conditioning system provided by the present invention form an annular cooling flow channel on the outer wall of the exhaust structure, and set the annular cooling flow channel as a mixing reaction flow channel and a supply flow channel. The temperature of the coolant sent into the supply flow channel can be used to absorb heat from the exhaust, thereby achieving a primary cooling of the exhaust. At the same time, the coolant in the supply flow channel can also flow into the mixing reaction flow channel to produce an endothermic chemical reaction, thereby achieving a secondary cooling of the exhaust, improving the reliability of the temperature control of the exhaust, and according to the temperature difference between the actual temperature of the exhaust and the target temperature, the supply amount of the coolant can be adjusted, so that the degree of overreaction in the mixing reaction flow channel is different, the heat exchange efficiency is different, and different heat is taken away, thereby ensuring that the temperature of the exhaust can be reduced to within the error range of the target temperature, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the compressor and the air-conditioning system. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] Figure 1 A schematic structural diagram of an exhaust assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0028] Figure 2 A perspective view of an exhaust assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 3 A cross-sectional view of an exhaust assembly provided in an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] In the picture:

[0031] 1. Exhaust structure; 11. Exhaust flow channel; 12. Mixing reaction flow channel; 13. Supply flow channel; 14. Connecting pipeline; 2. Shell; 3. Partition structure. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clearly understood, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments. It should be understood that the specific embodiments described herein are only used to explain the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0033] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the solutions of the present invention, the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the embodiments described are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0034] It should be noted that the terms "first," "second," and the like in the specification and claims of the present invention and the accompanying drawings are used to distinguish similar objects and are not necessarily used to describe a particular order or precedence. It should be understood that the terms used in this manner are interchangeable where appropriate to facilitate the embodiments of the present invention described herein. In addition, the terms "including," "having," and any variations thereof are intended to cover non-exclusive inclusions. For example, a process, method, system, product, or apparatus comprising a series of steps or units is not necessarily limited to those steps or units explicitly listed, but may include other steps or units that are not explicitly listed or that are inherent to such processes, methods, products, or apparatuses.

[0035] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, terms such as "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "inner," and "outer" indicating directions or positional relationships are based on the directions or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings. These terms are used solely for ease of description and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components described must have, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first" and "second" are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Furthermore, it should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "installed," "disposed," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to direct connections, indirect connections through an intermediate medium, or internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0037] Research has shown that prolonged exhaust temperatures exceeding 135°C (using R22 as an example) trigger a chain reaction: accelerated lubricant carbonization (the oxidation rate doubles with every 10°C increase), thermal decomposition of the refrigerant to produce acidic substances (for example, R134a decomposes HF above 160°C), and thermal deformation and failure of valve plates, ultimately leading to irreversible damage to the compressor. Industry statistics show that approximately 23% of compressor failures can be traced to uncontrolled exhaust temperatures. Therefore, exhaust temperature control is extremely important in low-temperature refrigeration and high-temperature heat pump compressors. Existing technologies are unable to reliably control exhaust temperature, seriously affecting compressor reliability.

[0038] To this end, this application provides a Figures 1 to 3 The exhaust assembly shown includes: an exhaust structure 1, in which an exhaust flow channel 11 is formed; at least two annular cooling flow channels are formed on the outer wall of the exhaust structure 1, and all of the annular cooling flow channels are arranged in parallel along the axial direction of the exhaust flow channel 11; all of the annular cooling flow channels include a mixing reaction flow channel 12 and at least one supply flow channel 13, and each of the supply flow channels 13 is connected to the mixing reaction flow channel 12 through at least one connecting pipe 14; an inlet is provided on the supply flow channel 13, and an inlet and an outlet are provided on the mixing reaction flow channel 12.

[0039] By forming an annular cooling channel on the outer wall of the exhaust structure 1 and setting the annular cooling channel as a mixing reaction channel 12 and a supply channel 13, the temperature of the coolant sent into the supply channel 13 can be used to absorb heat from the exhaust, thereby achieving a primary cooling of the exhaust. At the same time, the coolant in the supply channel 13 can also flow into the mixing reaction channel 12 to produce an endothermic chemical reaction, and the endothermic reaction is used to achieve a secondary cooling of the exhaust, thereby improving the reliability of the temperature control of the exhaust. Moreover, according to the temperature difference between the actual temperature of the exhaust and the target temperature, the supply amount of the coolant can be adjusted, so that the degree of overreaction in the mixing reaction channel 12 is different, the heat exchange efficiency is different, and different degrees of heat are taken away, so that the temperature of the exhaust can be reduced to within the error range of the target temperature, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the compressor and the air-conditioning system.

[0040] When the exhaust needs to be cooled, different coolants are fed into the corresponding supply channel 13 or the mixed reaction channel 12. At this time, the low-temperature coolant can achieve a primary cooling of the exhaust temperature by contacting the outer wall of the exhaust structure 1. Then the coolant in the supply channel 13 will flow into the mixed reaction channel 12 through the connecting pipe 14. At this time, two or more coolants come into contact and produce an endothermic chemical reaction, so that the exhaust can be cooled twice in the mixed reaction channel 12, effectively improving the cooling efficiency of the exhaust.

[0041] When the number of supply channels 13 is at least two, the connecting pipes 14 corresponding to different supply channels 13 are relatively sealed, that is, the coolant in the supply channel 13 can only flow into the mixed reaction channel 12 and cannot flow into other supply channels 13, thereby avoiding the problem that the coolant chemically reacts in the supply channel 13 and causes the structure of the exhaust component to be unreliable and the cooling of the exhaust gas to be uncontrollable.

[0042] Furthermore, one end of the exhaust channel 11 forms an exhaust port, and the mixed reaction channel 12 is located at the end of all the annular cooling channels near the exhaust port. By placing the mixed reaction channel 12 near the exhaust port, the exhaust gas about to be discharged through the exhaust port can be cooled to the maximum extent possible, ensuring that the exhaust gas temperature discharged from the exhaust port reaches the target temperature. The coolant in the supply channel 13 can utilize its own temperature to preferentially cool the exhaust gas, effectively improving the cooling effect on the exhaust gas.

[0043] Preferably, each of the supply channels 13 is filled with a coolant to avoid chemical reactions caused by different coolants flowing in the same supply channel 13, thereby ensuring the reliability of the exhaust component, and at least two coolants can undergo endothermic chemical reactions in the mixed reaction channel 12, thereby ensuring the cooling effect on the exhaust in the mixed reaction channel 12.

[0044] As an embodiment, all of the coolants include at least sodium bicarbonate solution and citric acid solution.

[0045] When cooling the exhaust gas, a sodium bicarbonate solution can be fed into one supply flow channel 13, and a citric acid solution can be fed into the other supply flow channel 13. The sodium bicarbonate solution and the citric acid solution can flow in their respective supply flow channels 13, using their own cooling capacity to cool the exhaust gas, and then be fed into the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the corresponding connecting flow channels. The sodium bicarbonate solution and the citric acid solution react chemically, and the chemical equation is as follows:

[0046] 3NaHCO3+C6H8O7=Na3C6H5O7+3H2O+3CO2;

[0047] By utilizing this endothermic chemical reaction, the purpose of cooling the exhaust gas can be achieved, and the generated sodium citrate, water and carbon dioxide can be discharged through the outlet.

[0048] As another embodiment, all of the coolants include at least an aqueous solution of ammonium chloride and barium hydroxide octahydrate.

[0049] When cooling the exhaust gas, an ammonium chloride aqueous solution can be fed into one supply flow channel 13, and barium hydroxide octahydrate can be fed into the other supply flow channel 13. The dilute acetic acid solution and the dilute ammonia aqueous solution can flow in their respective supply flow channels 13, using their own cooling capacity to cool the exhaust gas, and then be fed into the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the corresponding connecting flow channels. When the ammonium chloride and barium hydroxide octahydrate undergo a double decomposition reaction, heat is absorbed. The chemical equation is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] By utilizing this endothermic chemical reaction, the purpose of cooling the exhaust gas can be achieved. The generated barium chloride, water and ammonia can be discharged through the outlet, and the discharged ammonia can be sent into water to form ammonia water or collected for other utilization.

[0052] A throttling structure is provided at the inlet, and the throttling structure is used to adjust the flow rate of the coolant sent into the supply channel 13, thereby controlling the degree of reaction in the mixed reaction channel 12, ensuring that the temperature of the exhaust gas can be reduced to within the error range of the target temperature, thereby ensuring the working reliability of the compressor and the air-conditioning system.

[0053] The exhaust assembly also includes a temperature sensing mechanism and a control structure. The temperature sensing mechanism is capable of detecting the temperature within the exhaust flow channel 11. The control structure is electrically connected to the temperature sensing mechanism and all of the throttling structures, and is capable of controlling the opening of all of the throttling structures based on the temperature value detected by the temperature sensing mechanism. Using the temperature sensing mechanism to detect the exhaust temperature, the control structure can determine the difference between the actual exhaust temperature and the target temperature, and based on this difference, control the opening or switching of the corresponding throttling structure, thereby automatically adjusting the amount of coolant delivered to the mixing reaction flow channel 12 and achieving adaptive regulation of the exhaust temperature.

[0054] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown in the figure, there are six supply channels 13, and the mixed reaction channel 12 is located on the far left. Different coolants can be fed into the six supply channels 13 respectively to form different chemical reactions in the mixed reaction channel 12, or the same coolant can be fed into two or three supply channels 13. This is controlled according to the flow demand of the coolant. At the same time, the control structure can open different supply channels 13 according to the exhaust temperature, so that two or more coolants converge in the mixed reaction channel 12, realizing multi-channel cross-convergence reaction, absorbing heat to cool the exhaust temperature, and achieving self-regulating exhaust temperature control effect to ensure the reliable operation of the compressor.

[0055] For example, the six supply channels are the first channel, the second channel, the third channel, the fourth channel, the fifth channel, and the sixth channel from left to right.

[0056] When the real-time exhaust temperature is too high, and the temperature difference between the real-time exhaust temperature and the target temperature is in the range of T1 to T2, the temperature sensor (temperature detection mechanism) outputs a first signal value, the valves of the first flow channel and the second flow channel are opened, the first coolant is sent into the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the first flow channel, and the second coolant enters the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the second flow channel. At this time, the first coolant and the second coolant perform an endothermic reaction in the mixed reaction flow channel 12, and the excess temperature t0 of the exhaust is taken away by the action of heat conduction, and the reacted liquid is finally discharged from the outlet for recycling;

[0057] When the real-time exhaust temperature is too high and the temperature difference between the real-time exhaust temperature and the target temperature is in the range of T2 to T3, the temperature sensor (temperature detection mechanism) outputs a second signal value, the valves of the first flow channel and the third flow channel are opened, the first coolant is sent into the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the first flow channel, and the third coolant enters the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the third flow channel. At this time, the first coolant and the third coolant perform an endothermic reaction in the mixed reaction flow channel 12, and the excess temperature t1 of the exhaust is taken away by the action of heat conduction, and the reacted liquid is finally discharged from the outlet for recycling;

[0058] Alternatively, the temperature sensor (temperature detection mechanism) outputs a second signal value, the valves of the second flow channel and the fourth flow channel are opened, the second coolant is sent into the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the second flow channel, and the fourth coolant enters the mixed reaction flow channel 12 through the fourth flow channel. At this time, the second coolant and the fourth coolant carry out an endothermic reaction in the mixed reaction flow channel 12, and the excess temperature t1 of the exhaust is taken away by the action of heat conduction, and finally the reacted liquid is discharged from the outlet for recovery treatment; t1>t0.

[0059] By analogy, when multiple coolants react in multiple channels, they react at different degrees, have different temperature differences, and different heat exchange efficiencies, taking away different amounts of heat tx, thus achieving a self-regulating exhaust temperature control effect.

[0060] When the temperature drops to the target T0, a single supply flow channel 13 is opened, and the coolant alone cannot react, and only performs a simple heat conduction effect to maintain the appropriate T0 exhaust temperature of the compressor.

[0061] The exhaust component also includes: a shell 2, which is sleeved on the outside of the exhaust structure 1, and there is an annular space between the shell 2 and the exhaust structure 1; a partition structure 3, which is arranged in the annular space, and the partition component divides the annular space into all the annular cooling channels, and uses the shell 2 to wrap the outside of the exhaust structure 1 to form a closed annular space. The partition structure 3 is a plurality of annular plates, and all the annular plates are arranged in parallel along the axis of the exhaust channel 11, thereby dividing the annular space into a plurality of annular cooling channels surrounding the exhaust channel 11, wherein the connecting pipe 14 passes through the corresponding annular plate, which can not only realize the connection between the supply channel 13 and the mixing reaction channel 12, but also can use the annular plate to fix the connecting pipe 14.

[0062] The exhaust structure 1, the partition structure 3 and the shell 2 are integrally cast. Casting can facilitate the production of exhaust components. At the same time, the stability of the casting can be used to reduce the possibility of reaction between the casting and the coolant, thereby increasing the application range of the coolant.

[0063] A compressor comprises the above-mentioned exhaust assembly, wherein the exhaust pipe of the compressor constitutes the exhaust structure 1.

[0064] An air-conditioning system comprises the above-mentioned exhaust assembly or the above-mentioned compressor.

[0065] The above-described embodiments merely illustrate several implementations of the present invention, and while their descriptions are relatively specific and detailed, they should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention. It should be noted that a person skilled in the art would be able to make numerous variations and improvements without departing from the spirit of the present invention, all of which fall within the scope of protection of the present invention. Therefore, the scope of protection of the present invention shall be determined by the appended claims.

Claims

1. An exhaust assembly, characterized in that: include: An exhaust structure, wherein an exhaust flow channel (11) is formed in the exhaust structure (1); At least two annular cooling channels are formed on the outer wall of the exhaust structure (1); All of the annular cooling channels include a mixing reaction channel (12) and at least one supply channel (13), and each supply channel (13) is connected to the mixing reaction channel (12) via at least one connecting pipe (14); The supply flow channel (13) is provided with an inlet, and the mixing reaction flow channel (12) is provided with an inlet and an outlet.

2. The exhaust assembly according to claim 1, characterized in that: One end of the exhaust flow channel (11) forms an exhaust port, and the mixing reaction flow channel (12) is located at one end of all the annular cooling flow channels close to the exhaust port.

3. The exhaust assembly according to claim 1, wherein: Each of the supply flow channels (13) is filled with a coolant, and at least two coolants can undergo an endothermic chemical reaction in the mixed reaction flow channel (12).

4. The exhaust assembly according to claim 3, characterized in that: All of the coolants include at least sodium bicarbonate solution and citric acid solution; or, all of the coolants include at least ammonium chloride aqueous solution and barium hydroxide octahydrate.

5. The exhaust assembly according to claim 1, wherein: A throttling structure is provided at the inlet.

6. The exhaust assembly according to claim 5, characterized in that: The exhaust assembly further includes a temperature detection mechanism and a control structure, wherein the temperature detection mechanism is capable of acquiring the temperature in the exhaust flow channel (11), the control structure is electrically connected to the temperature detection mechanism and all the throttling structures, and the control structure is capable of controlling the opening of all the throttling structures according to the temperature value acquired by the temperature detection mechanism.

7. The exhaust assembly according to claim 1, wherein: The exhaust assembly further comprises: A shell (2), the shell (2) being sleeved on the outside of the exhaust structure (1), and an annular space being defined between the shell (2) and the exhaust structure (1); A partition structure (3), wherein the partition structure (3) is arranged in the annular space, and the partition component divides the annular space into all the annular cooling channels.

8. The exhaust assembly according to claim 7, characterized in that: The exhaust structure (1), the partition structure (3) and the shell (2) are integrally cast.

9. A compressor, characterized in that: An exhaust assembly comprising the exhaust assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. An air conditioning system, characterized in that: The invention comprises the exhaust assembly according to any one of claims 1 to 7 or the compressor according to claim 9.

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