Composite spring damping device and mounting method thereof

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise control, and particularly discloses a combined type spring damping device and a mounting method thereof.The device comprises a first mounting plate and a second mounting plate which are arranged in parallel, and the geometric center between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate is connected with a spherical magnet through an elastic connecting assembly; at least two sets of disc spring damping vibration attenuation assemblies are symmetrically arranged between the two mounting plates with the spherical magnet as the center, wherein the disc spring damping vibration attenuation assemblies are of an X-shaped structure and filled with magnetorheological fluid. When vibration occurs, relative displacement generated by the two mounting plates enables the disc spring damping vibration attenuation assembly to deform, the magnetorheological fluid flows in the disc spring damping vibration attenuation assembly to consume energy through friction, and meanwhile the spherical magnet is vibrated to change the surrounding magnetic field so as to be used for changing the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid to adapt to vibration of different frequencies and intensities. The problems that a traditional spring vibration isolator is small in damping, narrow in working frequency range, poor in overturning resistance and the like are effectively solved, the vibration and noise reduction performance and stability are remarkably improved, and the spring vibration isolator is suitable for various vibration control scenes such as rail transit.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention belongs to the technical field of vibration and noise control, and particularly relates to a composite spring vibration reduction device and an installation method thereof. Background Art

[0002] In recent years, with the booming development of the rail transit industry, urban subway networks have continued to expand, with subway lines extending across the country and even globally. From 2023 to 2024 alone, my country's urban rail transit added over 1,500 kilometers of new operating mileage, demonstrating a trend toward more networked lines and higher-frequency operations. In some cities, subway trains have experienced peak-hour intervals shortened to just 2-3 minutes, with operating speeds generally exceeding 80 kilometers per hour, and some lines even exceeding 100 kilometers per hour. This high-frequency, high-speed operation makes the vibration loads generated during train operation more complex and variable, placing even more stringent demands on the vibration and noise reduction performance and stability of track supports.

[0003] Traditional spring isolators, as common components for rail transit vibration reduction, have gradually exposed the following drawbacks in practical applications:

[0004] First, traditional spring isolators have low damping, making it difficult to effectively dissipate vibration energy. When a train passes over the track, the interaction between the wheels and the track generates complex dynamic loads, which are transmitted to the track supports in the form of vibration waves. Due to their limited damping, traditional spring isolators are unable to fully absorb vibration energy, causing vibration to continue to propagate through the track structure and surrounding buildings. This not only exacerbates fatigue damage to track components and shortens the service life of the track system, but this energy consumption problem is particularly prominent on heavily loaded trains or lines with frequent departures. This causes the track structure to be in a state of high vibration for a long time, increasing maintenance costs and potentially causing structural safety hazards in surrounding buildings, affecting the normal lives of residents.

[0005] Secondly, traditional spring isolators have a limited effective operating frequency range. The vibration frequencies generated by train operation are widely distributed, covering multiple frequency bands from low to high frequencies, while traditional isolators can only effectively reduce vibration within a specific frequency range. When the vibration frequency exceeds their effective operating range, especially under high-frequency vibration conditions, the vibration reduction effect will drop sharply, and resonance may even occur, further amplifying the vibration response. For running trains, this will lead to a deterioration in the dynamic performance of the track structure and vehicle system, affecting the smoothness and safety of train operation.

[0006] Traditional spring isolators also have significant shortcomings in terms of rollover resistance. When a train negotiates a curve, brakes suddenly, or experiences a sudden derailment, the track supports are subject to significant lateral and longitudinal loads. Due to the structural limitations of traditional isolators, they lack sufficient restraint and support, making them prone to rollover or displacement, disrupting the track geometry and significantly reducing the safety and comfort of train operation.

[0007] In summary, with the rapid development of rail transit, the shortcomings of traditional spring isolators in terms of damping characteristics, energy consumption capacity, operating frequency range and anti-overturning performance have become increasingly prominent. Their performance can no longer meet the stringent requirements of modern rail transit for vibration and noise reduction, safety and stable operation, and there is an urgent need to develop new vibration reduction devices to solve these problems.

[0008] In view of this, this invention is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] The purpose of the present invention is to overcome the shortcomings of the above-mentioned prior art and provide a composite spring vibration damping device and its installation method, which are mainly used to solve the problems existing in the performance and stability of traditional steel spring vibration isolators. Through innovative structural design, the present invention expands the operating frequency range of the spring vibration damping device, enabling it to effectively cope with the complex and changeable vibration frequencies in rail transit; at the same time, it improves the anti-overturning performance of the device and enhances its stability under high-speed train operation and emergency situations; and significantly improves the vibration and noise reduction performance, reduces the impact of vibration on the track structure and the surrounding environment, and provides reliable protection for the safe and efficient operation of rail transit.

[0010] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problem through the following technical solutions:

[0011] In a first aspect, the present invention provides a composite spring vibration damping device comprising a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate disposed parallel to and directly below the first mounting plate, a spherical magnet disposed at the geometric center between the first and second mounting plates, the spherical magnet being elastically connected to the four corners of the first and second mounting plates via a plurality of elastic connection assemblies, the elastic connection assemblies being configured to dissipate some energy while transmitting vibration and ensuring that the spherical magnet moves freely within a set range;

[0012] Among them, at least two sets of disc spring damping and vibration reduction assemblies in an "X"-shaped structure are symmetrically arranged between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate and with the spherical magnet as the center. The interior of each set of the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assemblies is filled with magnetorheological fluid. When vibration occurs, the relative displacement generated by the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate causes the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly to deform. The magnetorheological fluid flows frictionally inside the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly to dissipate energy. At the same time, the spherical magnet is vibrated to change the surrounding magnetic field, which is used to change the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid to adapt to vibrations of different frequencies and intensities.

[0013] Furthermore, the elastic connection component includes a polymer connector and a connecting spring, one end of the polymer connector is connected to the first mounting plate or the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting spring, and the other end of the connecting spring is connected to the spherical magnet.

[0014] Furthermore, the composite spring vibration reduction device further includes a plurality of resonators, and the plurality of resonators are arranged at intervals on the polymer connector connecting the spherical magnet and the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate.

[0015] Furthermore, the polymer connector is made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon or silicone rubber.

[0016] Furthermore, the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly includes four disc springs, a rotating shaft and a ring mechanism. The four disc springs are interconnected through the ring mechanism and the rotating shaft to form an "X"-shaped structure. The ring mechanism is rotatably set on the rotating shaft. One end of the disc spring is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate or the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the ring mechanism.

[0017] Furthermore, the outside of the disc spring is wrapped with an elastic rubber outer layer, and the magnetorheological fluid is filled in the elastic rubber outer layer.

[0018] Furthermore, the four disc springs are interconnected through a collar mechanism and a rotating shaft to form an "X" shape with a crossing angle of 30° to 60°, which is used for synchronous vertical displacement to enhance anti-overturning performance.

[0019] Furthermore, the ring mechanism includes an inner ring and an outer ring rotatably connected to the inner ring, the inner ring is sleeved on the rotating shaft, the outer ring is symmetrically provided with piezoelectric components, and electric valves are provided on the outer ring and on both sides of each piezoelectric component, and the electric valves are electrically connected to the piezoelectric components.

[0020] Furthermore, a spring is provided inside the disc spring, one end of the spring is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate or the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the piezoelectric component.

[0021] In a second aspect, the present invention provides an installation method based on the above-mentioned composite spring vibration damping device, the installation method comprising the following steps:

[0022] Step 1: Using multiple elastic connection components, a spherical magnet is placed at the geometric center between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate;

[0023] Step 2: Assemble the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly. First, insert the spring into the disc spring. One end of the spring is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate or the second mounting plate, and the other end is connected to the piezoelectric assembly on the collar mechanism. The four disc springs are connected to the rotating shaft through the collar mechanism. Then, the elastic rubber outer layer is put on the outside of the disc spring to form a sealed space. Then, magnetorheological fluid is poured into the elastic rubber outer layer through the reserved filling port. After filling, the filling port is sealed.

[0024] Step 3: Based on actual needs, with the spherical magnet as the center, symmetrically install the assembled disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly on both sides or all around between the first mounting plate and the second mounting plate, and make the installed disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly form an "X"-shaped structure.

[0025] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] The composite spring vibration reduction device provided by the present invention mainly comprises a first mounting plate, a second mounting plate, a spherical magnet located therebetween, a resonator, and an X-shaped disc spring damping assembly. Through the synergistic effect of these components, the composite spring vibration reduction device provided by the present invention has the following characteristics:

[0027] 1. Broaden the operating frequency range: Through the synergistic effect of the spherical magnets and the magnetorheological fluid in the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly, the present invention can dynamically adjust the damping characteristics according to the vibration frequency. When the train generates high-frequency vibrations, the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid increases, suppressing the high-frequency response; during low-frequency vibrations, the viscosity decreases, maintaining the flexibility of the system. At the same time, the setting of the resonator further expands the effective vibration reduction frequency range of the device, enabling the device to exert good vibration reduction effects in a wider frequency range, effectively responding to the complex and changeable vibration frequencies in rail transit;

[0028] 2. Enhanced anti-overturning performance: The disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly adopts an "X" cross-structure design. This structure can provide stronger lateral restraint and anti-overturning ability when the train negotiates curves or emergency braking. Compared with traditional bearings, this invention reduces displacement under lateral loads by 40% to 60%, significantly improving the stability of the track structure.

[0029] 3. Highly Efficient Vibration and Noise Reduction: The combined design of magnetorheological fluid and an elastic rubber outer layer significantly improves the device's energy dissipation capacity. Under the same vibration conditions, this invention can increase vibration energy dissipation efficiency by over 50%, effectively reducing vibration transmission to the surrounding environment. Furthermore, by optimizing the magnetorheological fluid flow path and the piezoelectric component's control of the electric valve, the vibration reduction effect is further enhanced and noise radiation is reduced.

[0030] 4. Intelligent Response Adjustment: The linked design of the piezoelectric component and the electric valve enables the device to automatically adjust the flow state of the magnetorheological fluid according to the vibration intensity. When the vibration intensity increases, the electricity generated by the piezoelectric component drives the electric valve to open, increasing the fluidity of the magnetorheological fluid and thus improving energy dissipation capacity. When the vibration intensity decreases, the electric valve closes, restoring the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid and maintaining system stability. This intelligent response mechanism ensures that the device maintains optimal vibration reduction performance under different operating conditions.

[0031] 5. Compact Structure and Reliability: This invention organically combines spherical magnets, elastic connection components, and disc spring damping components, resulting in a compact structure and minimal space, making it easy to install within limited track space. Furthermore, the use of rotating and elastic connections between the components reduces rigid contact, improves the reliability and service life of the device, and reduces maintenance costs. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0032] The accompanying drawings are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0033] In order to more clearly illustrate the embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, for ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0034] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the overall structure of the composite spring vibration reduction device of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of the composite spring vibration reduction device of the present invention (disc spring damping vibration reduction components are provided only on the left and right sides);

[0036] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the disc spring damping vibration reduction assembly in the composite spring vibration reduction device of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 4 It is an enlarged schematic diagram of the collar mechanism in the composite spring vibration reduction device of the present invention.

[0038] in:

[0039] 1 is a first mounting plate;

[0040] 2 is the second mounting plate;

[0041] 3 is a spherical magnet;

[0042] 4 is an elastic connecting component; 41 is a polymer connecting part; 42 is a connecting spring;

[0043] Reference numeral 5 denotes a disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly; reference numeral 51 denotes a magnetorheological fluid; reference numeral 52 denotes a disc spring; reference numeral 53 denotes a rotating shaft; reference numeral 54 denotes a collar mechanism; reference numeral 55 denotes an elastic rubber outer covering; reference numeral 56 denotes a spring; reference numeral 541 denotes an inner ring; reference numeral 542 denotes an outer ring; reference numeral 543 denotes a piezoelectric assembly; reference numeral 544 denotes an electric valve.

[0044] 6 is a resonator. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, identical numerals in different figures represent identical or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of arrangements consistent with certain aspects of the present invention as detailed in the appended claims.

[0046] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the technical solutions of the present invention, the present invention is described in further detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and embodiments.

[0047] See also Figures 1 to 4 The present invention provides a composite spring vibration reduction device, including a first mounting plate 1, a second mounting plate 2 is provided in parallel directly below the first mounting plate 1, and a spherical magnet 3, an elastic connection component 4 and a disc spring damping vibration reduction component 5 are provided between the two mounting plates. The spherical magnet 3 is elastically connected to the four corners of the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 4 through eight elastic connection components 4 (four on the upper and lower sides). In the non-vibration state, the spherical magnet 3 is located at the geometric center between the two mounting plates; when vibration occurs, the elastic connection component 4 plays a dual role: on the one hand, it effectively transmits the vibration to the spherical magnet 3, and on the other hand, it consumes part of the vibration energy through its own elastic deformation and internal damping mechanism, while ensuring that the spherical magnet 3 can move freely within the set spatial range to achieve the magnetic field change adjustment function. The disc spring damping vibration reduction component 5 is an "X"-shaped structure with the spherical magnet 3 as the center of symmetry. It can be symmetrically arranged on both sides between the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2 (such as the front and back sides or as shown in the figure) according to actual engineering needs. Figure 2 on the left and right sides as shown), or evenly distributed around ( Figure 1During vibration, the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5 deforms due to the relative displacement between the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2, causing the magnetorheological fluid 51 filled within the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5 to flow and rub, thereby dissipating vibration energy. Simultaneously, the spherical magnet 3 moves under the influence of vibration, changing the surrounding magnetic field and dynamically adjusting the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 51. This allows the device to adapt to vibrations of varying frequencies and intensities, significantly improving vibration and noise reduction.

[0048] Specifically, the elastic connection assembly 4 in the embodiment of the present invention includes a polymer connector 41 and a connecting spring 42. One end of the polymer connector 41 is securely connected to the first mounting plate 1 or the second mounting plate 2 by bolting, welding, or other suitable connection methods, and the other end is connected to one end of the connecting spring 42; the other end of the connecting spring 42 is reliably connected to the spherical magnet 3. Preferably, the polymer connector 41 is made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon, or silicone rubber. These materials have excellent elasticity, wear resistance, corrosion resistance, and good damping properties, which can effectively improve the stability and reliability of the elastic connection assembly 4 during vibration transmission and energy consumption.

[0049] Furthermore, the embodiment of the present invention also includes a plurality of resonators 6, which are spaced apart on the polymer connector 41 connecting the spherical magnet 3 and the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2. Preferably, the resonator 6 is an annular structure and is made of a special polymer composite material with high elasticity and high internal loss factor. This material can absorb vibration energy and convert the energy into heat energy through intermolecular friction, thereby effectively consuming vibration energy. At the same time, the resonator 6 works in conjunction with the spherical magnet 3 and the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5. When the spherical magnet 3 is affected by vibration and changes the surrounding magnetic field, thereby adjusting the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, the resonator 6 can also dynamically adjust its own vibration response characteristics according to the change in vibration frequency. For example, under high-frequency vibration conditions, the spherical magnet 3 enhances the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid to improve damping, and the resonator 6 will strengthen the absorption of high-frequency vibration energy; while under low-frequency vibration conditions, the spherical magnet 3 reduces the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid, and the resonator 6 focuses on absorbing low-frequency vibration energy, working together with the disc spring damping vibration reduction component 5, so that the entire composite spring vibration reduction device can maintain good vibration reduction performance within a wide frequency vibration range.

[0050] In the embodiment of the present invention, the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2 are both parallel, square steel plates with flat surfaces and dimensions adapted to actual installation requirements. They are connected via an "X"-shaped disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5. Specifically, each disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5 comprises four disc springs 52, which intersect in pairs and are interconnected via a rotating shaft 53 and a collar mechanism 54, thereby forming an "X"-shaped structure. The collar mechanism 54 is rotatably mounted on the rotating shaft 53. One end of the disc spring 52 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 1 or the second mounting plate 2, and the other end is connected to the collar mechanism 54. In practical applications, the intersection angle of the "X"-shaped structure is generally set to 30° to 60°. This angle design plays an important role. When vibration occurs, when the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2 are subjected to external forces and produce relative displacement, this "X"-shaped structure, due to the specific intersection angle, ensures that the four disc springs 52 undergo synchronous vertical displacement. This synchronized vertical displacement effectively disperses stress and enhances the device's overall anti-overturning performance when subjected to complex loads generated by train operation, such as lateral impact, longitudinal traction, and braking loads. Compared to traditional connection structures, this design improves the device's anti-overturning capacity by 30% to 50% under the same external load, significantly enhancing the stability and reliability of the composite spring damper in applications such as rail transit.

[0051] In this embodiment of the present invention, the outer surface of the disc spring 52 is wrapped with an elastic rubber outer layer 55, and the magnetorheological fluid 51 is filled within the elastic rubber outer layer 55. The elastic rubber outer layer 55 is made of a highly elastic, wear-resistant, and well-sealed rubber material. It not only provides a closed space for the magnetorheological fluid 51, preventing leakage, but also elastically expands and contracts with the shape of the disc spring 52 as it deforms, ensuring that the magnetorheological fluid 51 maintains a stable operating environment. Because the magnetorheological fluid 51 is a special material, it behaves as a low-viscosity fluid with good fluidity when no magnetic field is applied. However, when the spherical magnet 3 is subjected to vibration and moves, changing the surrounding magnetic field, the magnetic particles in the magnetorheological fluid 51 rapidly arrange themselves into chain-like structures under the influence of the magnetic field, causing its viscosity to increase dramatically within milliseconds, exhibiting solid-like properties. This rapid change in viscosity creates greater frictional resistance as the magnetorheological fluid 51 flows within the disc spring 52, thereby converting more vibration energy into heat.

[0052] like Figure 4As shown, the collar mechanism 54 of this embodiment of the present invention comprises an inner ring 541 and an outer ring 542 rotatably connected to the inner ring 541. The inner ring 541 is sleeved onto the rotating shaft 53 and can flexibly rotate about the rotating shaft 53, providing stable support for the movement of the outer ring 542. Piezoelectric assemblies 543 are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring 542. These assemblies are made of high-performance piezoelectric material and exhibit a strong piezoelectric effect, generating electrical energy when subjected to pressure. Electric valves 544 are positioned on the outer ring 542, on either side of each piezoelectric assembly 543, with opposite directions. The electric valves 544 are electrically connected to the piezoelectric assembly 543, thus forming a linked energy conversion and control system. Furthermore, a spring 56 is disposed within the disc spring 52. One end of the spring 56 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 1 or the second mounting plate 2, ensuring free rotation when subjected to force. The other end is connected to the piezoelectric assembly 543. When vibration occurs, the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2 produce relative displacement, causing the disc spring 52 to deform, and the spring 56 inside the disc spring 52 is compressed or stretched accordingly. The expansion and contraction movement of the spring 56 pushes the piezoelectric component 543, causing it to produce pressure changes. Based on the piezoelectric effect, the piezoelectric component 543 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy. The generated electrical energy powers the electric valve 544. The two electric valves 544 in opposite directions are opened under the action of electrical energy, controlling the flow direction and flow rate of the magnetorheological fluid 51 inside the disc spring damping and vibration reduction component 5. When the vibration intensity is high, the force exerted by spring 56 on piezoelectric assembly 543 increases, causing piezoelectric assembly 543 to generate more electrical energy, driving electric valve 544 to significantly alter the flow state of magnetorheological fluid 51, increasing its fluidity and increasing the friction between it, disc spring 52, and elastic rubber outer layer 55, thereby improving energy efficiency. When the vibration intensity is low, electric valve 544 adjusts the flow of magnetorheological fluid 51 accordingly, allowing the device to maintain efficient vibration reduction performance under various vibration conditions. In other words, the coordinated operation of spring 56, piezoelectric assembly 543, and electric valve 544 achieves dynamic control of magnetorheological fluid 51, further enhancing the ability of disc spring damping vibration reduction assembly 5 to cope with complex vibration environments and significantly improving the vibration reduction effect and adaptive performance of the entire composite spring vibration reduction device.

[0053] The working principle of the composite spring vibration reduction device provided by the present invention is as follows:

[0054] When vibration is transmitted from the first mounting plate 1, the vibration is first transmitted to the spherical magnet 3 through the elastic connection component 4. The polymer connector 41 and the connecting spring 42 in the elastic connection component 4 work together to transmit the vibration while utilizing their own elastic deformation and internal damping mechanism to consume part of the energy, thereby ensuring that the spherical magnet 3 can move freely within the set range. The spherical magnet 3 moves under the vibration excitation, and the magnetic field around it changes accordingly.

[0055] At the same time, the vibration causes relative displacement between the first and second mounting plates 1 and 2, causing the "X"-shaped disc spring damping assembly 5 to deform. This deformation of the disc spring 52 compresses the outer elastic rubber sheath 55, causing the magnetorheological fluid 51 filled within to flow. In the absence of a magnetic field, the magnetorheological fluid 51 is a low-viscosity fluid with good fluidity. However, the changing magnetic field generated by the movement of the spherical magnet 3 acts on the magnetorheological fluid 51, causing the magnetic particles within it to rapidly align into a chain-like structure. This causes the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 51 to increase dramatically within milliseconds, generating greater frictional resistance as it flows within the disc spring 52, converting vibration energy into heat.

[0056] During the deformation of disc spring 52, internal spring 56 is simultaneously compressed or stretched. This expansion and contraction motion pushes piezoelectric assembly 543 on outer ring 542 of collar mechanism 54. Based on the piezoelectric effect, piezoelectric assembly 543 converts mechanical energy into electrical energy, powering electric valves 544 on opposite sides. Once electric valves 544 are opened, the flow direction and flow rate of magnetorheological fluid 51 within disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly 5 are controlled based on the amount of electrical energy. When the vibration intensity is high, the force exerted by spring 56 on piezoelectric assembly 543 increases, generating more electrical energy and driving electric valve 544 to further adjust the flow of magnetorheological fluid 51, increasing friction with disc spring 52 and elastic rubber sheath 55 and improving energy efficiency. When the vibration intensity is low, electric valve 544 reduces the adjustment range accordingly, ensuring that the device maintains efficient vibration reduction under different operating conditions.

[0057] Furthermore, multiple resonators 6, mounted on polymer connectors 41 above and below the spherical magnets 3, work in conjunction with the spherical magnets 3 and the disc spring damping assembly 5. During high-frequency vibrations, the spherical magnets 3 enhance the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 51, improving damping. Meanwhile, the resonators 6, leveraging the high elasticity and high internal loss factor of the special polymer composite material, enhance absorption of high-frequency vibration energy. During low-frequency vibrations, the spherical magnets 3 reduce the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid 51, allowing the resonators 6 to focus on absorbing low-frequency vibration energy. Through the synergistic action of these multiple components, the device achieves an adaptive response to vibrations of varying frequencies and intensities, significantly improving overall vibration and noise reduction performance and stability.

[0058] Based on the above-mentioned composite spring vibration damping device, the present invention further provides an installation method, which specifically includes the following steps:

[0059] Step 1: Install the spherical magnet 3

[0060] First, machine mounting holes at the four corners of the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2. Then, bolt one end of the polymer connector 41 to the mounting hole and weld the other end to the connecting spring 42. Next, weld the other ends of the eight connecting springs 42 to the spherical magnets 3, ensuring that the spherical magnets 3 are located at the geometric center between the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2 and can move freely within the set range.

[0061] Step 2: Assemble the disc spring damping assembly 5

[0062] First, insert the spring 56 into the disc spring 52. One end of the spring 56 is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate 1 or the second mounting plate 2 via a ball joint, and the other end is welded to the piezoelectric component 543 on the collar mechanism 54. Then, connect the four disc springs 52 via the collar mechanism 54 and the rotating shaft 53 to form an "X"-shaped structure, and adjust the intersection angle. Then, put the elastic rubber outer layer 55 on the outside of the disc spring 52 to form a sealed space. Finally, pour the magnetorheological fluid 51 into the elastic rubber outer layer 55 through the reserved pouring port, and seal the pouring port after pouring.

[0063] Step 3: Install the disc spring damping assembly 5

[0064] With spherical magnet 3 as the center, the four assembled disc spring damping and vibration reduction assemblies 5 are symmetrically mounted on either side or around the first mounting plate 1 and the second mounting plate 2. Specifically, one end of the disc spring 52 is pivotally connected to the first mounting plate 1 or the second mounting plate 2 via a ball joint, and the other end is welded to the outer ring 542 of the collar mechanism 54, ensuring that the four disc spring damping and vibration reduction assemblies 5 form an "X"-shaped structure.

[0065] Step 4: Install the resonator 6

[0066] Four resonators 6 are evenly installed on two adjacent polymer connectors 41 above and below the spherical magnet 3 to ensure that the resonators 6 are firmly fixed to the polymer connectors 41;

[0067] Step 5: Check and debug

[0068] After installation, check the secure connections of all components and the flexible movement of the elastic connection assembly 4 and the disc spring damping assembly 5. Perform a simulated vibration test on the device to observe the magnetic field changes of the spherical magnet 3, the flow of the magnetorheological fluid 51, and the operation of the piezoelectric assembly 543 and the electric valve 544 to ensure that the device can function properly under vibrations of different frequencies and intensities.

[0069] The foregoing description is intended only to provide specific embodiments of the present invention, which will enable those skilled in the art to understand and implement the present invention. Various modifications to these embodiments will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be implemented in other embodiments without departing from the spirit or scope of the present invention.

[0070] It should be understood that the present invention is not limited to the above description and that various modifications and changes may be made without departing from the scope thereof. The scope of the present invention is limited only by the appended claims.

Claims

1. A composite spring vibration damping device, characterized in that: The invention comprises a first mounting plate (1), a second mounting plate (2) being provided parallel to and directly below the first mounting plate (1), a spherical magnet (3) being provided at the geometric center between the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2), the spherical magnet (3) being elastically connected to the four corners of the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2) via a plurality of elastic connection components (4), the elastic connection components (4) being used to consume part of the energy while transmitting vibration and to ensure that the spherical magnet (3) can move freely within a set range; At least two sets of disc spring damping vibration reduction assemblies (5) in an "X"-shaped structure are symmetrically arranged between the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2) and with the spherical magnet (3) as the center. The interior of each set of the disc spring damping vibration reduction assembly (5) is filled with magnetorheological fluid (51). When vibration occurs, the relative displacement generated by the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2) causes the disc spring damping vibration reduction assembly (5) to deform. The magnetorheological fluid (51) flows inside the disc spring damping vibration reduction assembly (5) to dissipate friction energy. At the same time, the spherical magnet (3) is subjected to vibration to change the surrounding magnetic field, which is used to change the viscosity of the magnetorheological fluid (51) to adapt to vibrations of different frequencies and intensities.

2. The composite spring damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The elastic connection assembly (4) comprises a polymer connector (41) and a connecting spring (42); one end of the polymer connector (41) is connected to the first mounting plate (1) or the second mounting plate (2); the other end is connected to one end of the connecting spring (42); and the other end of the connecting spring (42) is connected to the spherical magnet (3).

3. The composite spring damping device according to claim 2, characterized in that: The composite spring vibration reduction device further comprises a plurality of resonators (6), wherein the plurality of resonators (6) are arranged at intervals on a polymer connector (41) connecting the spherical magnet (3) and the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2).

4. The composite spring damping device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The polymer connector (41) is made of polyurethane, polytetrafluoroethylene, nylon or silicone rubber.

5. The composite spring damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 4, characterized in that: The disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly (5) comprises four disc springs (52), a rotating shaft (53) and a collar mechanism (54). The four disc springs (52) are connected to each other via the collar mechanism (54) and the rotating shaft (53) to form an "X"-shaped structure. The collar mechanism (54) is rotatably arranged on the rotating shaft (53). One end of the disc spring (52) is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate (1) or the second mounting plate (2), and the other end is connected to the collar mechanism (54).

6. The composite spring damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The outside of the disc spring (52) is wrapped with an elastic rubber outer layer (55), and the magnetorheological fluid (51) is filled in the elastic rubber outer layer (55).

7. The composite spring damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The four disc springs (52) are connected to each other through a collar mechanism (54) and a rotating shaft (53) to form an "X" shape with a crossing angle of 30° to 60°, and are used for synchronous vertical displacement to enhance anti-overturning performance.

8. The composite spring damping device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The sleeve ring mechanism (54) includes an inner ring (541) and an outer ring (542) rotatably connected to the inner ring (541), wherein the inner ring (541) is sleeved on the rotating shaft (53), and piezoelectric components (543) are symmetrically arranged on the outer ring (542). Electric valves (544) are arranged on the outer ring (542) and on both sides of each piezoelectric component (543), and the electric valves (544) are electrically connected to the piezoelectric components (543).

9. The composite spring damping device according to claim 8, characterized in that: A spring (56) is provided inside the disc spring (52), one end of the spring (56) is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate (1) or the second mounting plate (2), and the other end is connected to the piezoelectric component (543).

10. A method for installing the composite spring damping device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: The installation method comprises the following steps: Step 1: Arrange the spherical magnet (3) at the geometric center between the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2) through a plurality of elastic connection components (4); Step 2, assemble the disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly (5), first insert the spring (56) into the disc spring (52), one end of the spring (56) is rotatably connected to the first mounting plate (1) or the second mounting plate (2), and the other end is connected to the piezoelectric assembly (543) on the collar mechanism (54), and the four disc springs (52) are connected to the rotating shaft (53) through the collar mechanism (54); then, the elastic rubber outer layer (55) is sleeved on the outside of the disc spring (52) to form a sealed space, and then the magnetorheological fluid (51) is poured into the elastic rubber outer layer (55) through the reserved pouring port, and the pouring port is sealed after pouring; Step 3: Based on actual needs, with the spherical magnet (3) as the center, the assembled disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly (5) is symmetrically installed on both sides or all around between the first mounting plate (1) and the second mounting plate (2), and the installed disc spring damping and vibration reduction assembly (5) forms an "X"-shaped structure.

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