Calibration device and calibration method for automatic measuring device of deep hole inversion cavity

Abstract

The invention discloses a calibration device and a calibration method for a deep hole inverted cavity automatic measuring device, and the calibration device comprises a multi-aperture calibration ring, a calibration ring fixing seat, a marble side plate, a front supporting seat, a rear supporting seat, a supporting seat locking bolt, a marble pedestal, and an adjustable supporting frame. In order to solve the problems that in calibration of an existing deep hole inversion cavity measuring device, a reference is prone to environmental interference, eccentricity and deflection angle errors are difficult to solve, calibration efficiency is low, and adaptability is poor, a stable reference is constructed through a high-precision marble part, data are collected to fit an axis deflection angle, and a rotation matrix is constructed to correct the errors; establishing a geometric model by using collinear poses, and accurately resolving a sensor cantilever value; a multi-aperture calibration ring is designed, and single-section errors are eliminated through multi-section cyclic calibration and cross validation. According to the invention, efficient and accurate calibration of the eccentricity and the cantilever value is realized, the method is suitable for measurement of deep holes of different specifications, and the calibration efficiency and precision are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to a deep hole precision measurement technology, in particular to a calibration device and a calibration method for a deep hole reverse cavity automatic measurement device. Background Art

[0002] Deep hole reverse cavity measurement technology is widely used in high-end manufacturing fields such as aerospace and precision molds. During the manufacturing process, its dimensional accuracy directly affects product performance and reliability. Therefore, accurately measuring the internal dimensions of deep holes is a key step in the manufacturing process. The dimensional measurement of deep hole reverse cavities requires a precision measuring device and accurate calibration before measurement operations can be performed. The accuracy of the cantilever value and eccentricity of the deep hole reverse cavity measurement device are the main factors affecting the device's measurement accuracy. Therefore, the relevant indicators of the measuring device must be calibrated before measurement.

[0003] Existing deep-hole reverse cavity measurement devices face numerous technical challenges during the calibration process: Traditional calibration devices often use low-stability materials, which are easily affected by environmental factors, leading to reference surface drift and difficulty maintaining long-term accuracy; the inevitable eccentricity and axis deviation problems during the installation of the measurement device will significantly amplify the measurement error, and there is a lack of effective solution methods after the two are coupled; existing calibration methods rely on manual operation, which is cumbersome and inefficient, and is easily interfered with by human factors and has poor repeatability; at the same time, traditional calibration devices are usually only suitable for a single aperture and cannot meet the calibration requirements of deep holes of different specifications. Frequent replacement of calibration rings further reduces calibration efficiency. These problems make it difficult for existing measurement devices to meet the high-precision and high-efficiency requirements of modern precision manufacturing for deep-hole reverse cavity measurement. There is an urgent need to develop new calibration technologies to break through the bottleneck. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In order to solve the above-mentioned problems existing in the prior art, the present invention provides a calibration device and a calibration method for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device. By designing a calibration ring with multiple aperture gradient distributions and a high-precision marble reference platform, the eccentricity is eliminated in conjunction with a precise mounting structure. The marble reference surface is used to collect data to correct the axis deviation of the measuring device, and the cantilever value is solved based on the geometric relationship under the collinear posture. A multi-section cyclic calibration and cross-validation strategy is adopted to finally achieve high-precision calibration of the deep hole inverse cavity measuring device and improve the calibration efficiency.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the technical solution of the present invention is as follows: A calibration device for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device comprises a multi-aperture calibration ring, a calibration ring fixing seat, a marble side plate, a left support seat, a right support seat, a marble base and an adjustable support frame; the adjustable support frame is installed on a ground foundation; the marble base is installed on the adjustable support frame; the calibration ring fixing seat, the left support seat and the right support seat are fixedly installed on the marble base from left to right, and the aperture calibration ring is installed on the calibration ring fixing seat; the multi-aperture calibration ring is provided with a plurality of different specifications of inner apertures, and the sizes of adjacent inner apertures are distributed in a gradient, and the axes of the different aperture rings are collinear.

[0006] Furthermore, the calibration ring fixing seat, left support seat and right support seat are all installed on the marble base through their respective locking bolts and locking blocks; the calibration ring fixing seat is provided with a hole adapted to the right side shape of the multi-aperture calibration ring, and the multi-aperture calibration ring is fixed with screws evenly distributed along the circumference; the vertical edge of the marble side panel is fixed to the marble base through countersunk screws; the left support seat and the right support seat are provided with holes of the same aperture as the calibration ring fixing seat.

[0007] Furthermore, the multi-aperture calibration ring is provided with four rings of different apertures, and the rings from right to left are sequentially denoted as C1, C2, C3 and C4 rings.

[0008] Furthermore, the installation axes of the multi-aperture calibration ring, the calibration ring fixing seat, the left support seat and the right support seat are collinear.

[0009] Furthermore, the marble base and the marble side panels serve as a reference for detecting the axis of the calibration device, and the flatness error is ≤0.01 mm.

[0010] Furthermore, the left support seat, right support seat and calibration ring fixing seat are all inspected before installation. The flatness error of the mounting surface of a single support seat is ≤0.03mm, and the roundness error of the hole on a single cross section is ≤0.02mm. By adjusting the positions of the three, it is ensured that the measuring device does not produce eccentric offset as a whole after positioning on the calibration device.

[0011] Furthermore, the bottom of the left support seat, the right support seat and the calibration ring fixing seat are all provided with a concave positioning groove, the groove width is consistent with the width of the marble base, and a concave slot is correspondingly provided on the top of the locking block, forming an upper and lower symmetrical clamping structure with the positioning groove at the bottom of the support seat; the marble base is embedded between the groove of the support seat and the locking block, and is tightened horizontally by bolts arranged on the side.

[0012] Furthermore, the locking block is connected to the marble base and the adjustable support frame through bolts, and cooperates with the support frame adjustment feet to adjust the height.

[0013] A calibration method for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device is provided, wherein the calibration is performed using the calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device, and comprises the following steps: A. Install the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device Slowly move the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device axially, the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device hereinafter referred to as the measuring device, align the measuring device with the hole positions of the left support seat and the right support seat, and steadily advance the measuring device until the supporting legs of the measuring device and the tensioning device completely fall into the holes of the left support seat and the right support seat.

[0014] Define the rightmost intersection line of the marble side panel and the marble base as the origin O, the length direction of the marble base and pointing to the propulsion direction of the measuring device as the positive direction of the Z axis; the upward direction perpendicular to the marble base is the positive direction of the Y axis; the direction perpendicular to the marble side panel and pointing to the inside of the measuring device is the positive direction of the X axis. Establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system, and take the clockwise rotation around the positive direction of the Z axis as the a direction.

[0015] B. Calibration of measuring devices B1. Drive the linear motor on the measuring device to move the laser measuring sensor in the Z direction; B2. Using the marble side panels and marble base as the axis detection reference, when the probe reaches the predetermined position, it drives the linear motor and laser measurement sensor to collect data on the ZY plane of the marble side panels. The laser measurement sensor then rotates 90° in the a direction and collects data on the ZX plane of the marble base. B3. Use a laser measurement sensor to collect the coordinates of the measurement points on the ZY plane of the marble side panel and the ZX plane of the marble base. Perform linear regression, fit the slope of the projection of the measurement device axis on the two planes, and calculate the deflection angle α in the ZY plane and the deflection angle β in the ZX plane relative to the Z axis. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0016]

[0017] Construct the rotation matrix around the X-axis and Y-axis as follows:

[0018]

[0019] Construct the rotation matrix I around the X axis x Used to correct the deflection angle α in the ZY plane, the rotation matrix I around the Y axis y Used to correct the deflection angle β in the ZX plane. The two basic rotation matrices are converted into x I yMatrix multiplication is performed using the same method to synthesize the total transformation matrix I. Because the actual axis of the measuring device has deflections α and β, the collected raw measurement coordinates will be deviated due to the axis tilt. Using the total transformation matrix I, a spatial coordinate transformation operation P' = I•P is performed on the raw measurement coordinates P affected by the axis deflection. This eliminates the error caused by the axis deflection and converts them into accurate coordinates P' without deflection.

[0020] B4. Drive the linear motor on the measuring device again to move the laser measuring sensor in the positive Z direction.

[0021] B5. Perform aperture calibration on the C1, C2, C3, and C4 rings in sequence. When the probe reaches the C1 ring position of the multi-aperture calibration ring, the laser measurement sensor rotates in the a direction and measures the C1 ring n times.

[0022] B6. Assume that the inner wall of the multi-aperture calibration ring has a center O and a radius R. The laser measurement sensor rotates n times to collect data. The least-squares method is used to fit a circle to determine the measurement device's rotation center O'. The eccentricity e between the measurement device and the calibration device is then calculated. Given the mechanical eccentricity x between the laser sensor and the center of rotation, M is the laser sensor's measured value, and r1 is the laser sensor's cantilever value. When the eccentricity e of the measuring and calibration devices is collinear with the mechanical eccentricity x, the line connecting the calibration ring center O, the measuring device's center of rotation O', and the laser sensor point P is collinear, and the laser sensor's measurement direction QP is perpendicular to this line. Substituting the following geometric relationship yields: = +

[0023]

[0024] Solve for the cantilever value r:

[0025] B7. Drive the linear motor on the measuring device to move the laser measurement sensor in the Z direction. Use the cantilever value r1 obtained by calibrating the C1 ring cross section to measure the apertures of the C2, C3, and C4 ring cross sections. Check the error between the measurement results and the actual aperture values ​​of the multi-aperture calibration ring cross sections to ensure the measurement error is within ±0.05 mm, thus verifying the accuracy of this calibration.

[0026] B8. Go to step B4 and use the C2 ring section for calibration, and the C1, C3, and C4 ring sections for verification. Repeat this step, calibrating the C3 ring section, verifying the C1, C2, and C4 ring sections; calibrating the C4 ring section, and verifying the C1, C2, and C3 ring sections. Finally, calculate the average cantilever values ​​r1, r2, r3, and r4 of the four calibrated ring sections. If the range of the four cantilever values ​​is ≤0.02mm, the aperture calibration is considered valid and the average value is taken.

[0027] Furthermore, when the aperture is actually measured, the measured coordinates are converted into non-biased coordinates through the total transformation matrix I. The average cantilever value r obtained by calibration and the laser measurement sensor reading are M i The measured aperture is R i .

[0028] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: 1. This invention incorporates several innovative design features to enhance calibration accuracy. This precise datum positioning system utilizes a marble base with a flatness tolerance of ≤0.01mm as the core datum, complemented by a specially designed support and locking mechanism. The left and right support bases and the calibration ring holder are precisely mounted using concave positioning grooves and a symmetrical clamping structure, ensuring the long-term stability and repeatability of the calibration datum.

[0029] 2. This invention utilizes an integrated multi-aperture calibration device, using a high-precision marble structure as a reference, to simultaneously precisely calibrate the eccentricity and cantilever value of a deep-hole inverse cavity measurement device. This innovative use of marble datum surface data to construct a coordinate transformation matrix to correct axis deflection and, combined with a collinear pose geometry model, to solve for the cantilever value effectively eliminates measurement errors caused by factors such as overhang guide rail deformation and installation eccentricity. Compared to traditional methods, this significantly simplifies the operational process and improves calibration efficiency and accuracy.

[0030] 3. The present invention utilizes a calibration ring design with a multi-aperture gradient distribution, enabling cyclic measurement of four different aperture rings (C1-C4) within the same measurement section. By setting the number of circumferential measurement points and the number of rotational measurements, and taking the average of these multiple measurements, data stability is significantly enhanced. The gradient distribution of adjacent apertures and the multi-section cross-validation mechanism reduce the repeatability of measurement results, significantly improving the reliability and accuracy of the calibration process. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] Figure 1 It is a structural schematic diagram of the present invention.

[0032] Figure 2 It is the overall structure of the measuring device of the present invention after installation and a measurement schematic diagram.

[0033] Figure 3 It is a schematic diagram of the installation of the support legs, tensioning device and left support seat of the measuring device of the present invention.

[0034] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of collecting marble side plate (ZY plane) data and fitting the deflection angle α in the present invention.

[0035] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of collecting marble base (ZX plane) data and fitting the deflection angle β in the present invention.

[0036] Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the calibration principle of the present invention.

[0037] Figure 7 It is a calibration flow chart of the present invention.

[0038] In the figure: 1. Multi-aperture calibration ring; 2. Calibration ring fixing seat; 3. Marble side panel; 4. Left support seat; 5. Right support seat; 6. Locking bolt; 7. Locking block; 8. Adjustable support frame; 9. Support frame adjustment foot; 10. Support frame adjustment foot; 11. Bolt; 12. Measuring device; 13. Measuring device support leg; 14. Tensioning device; 15. Linear motor; 16. Laser measurement sensor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0039] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. Figure 1-7 As shown, a calibration device for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device includes a multi-aperture calibration ring 1, a calibration ring fixing seat 2, a marble side plate 3, a left support seat 4, a right support seat 5, a marble base 8 and an adjustable support frame 9; the adjustable support frame 9 is installed on a ground foundation; the marble base 8 is installed on the adjustable support frame 9; the calibration ring fixing seat 2, the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5 are fixedly installed on the marble base 8 from left to right, and the aperture calibration ring 1 is installed on the calibration ring fixing seat 2; the multi-aperture calibration ring 1 is provided with a plurality of different specifications of inner apertures, and the adjacent inner aperture sizes are distributed in a gradient, and the axes of different aperture rings are collinear.

[0040] Furthermore, the calibration ring fixing seat 2, the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5 are all installed on the marble base 8 by means of respective locking bolts 6 and locking blocks 7; the calibration ring fixing seat 2 is provided with a hole adapted to the right side shape of the multi-aperture calibration ring 1, and the multi-aperture calibration ring 1 is fixed with screws evenly distributed along the circumference; the vertical edge of the marble side panel 3 is fixed to the marble base 8 by means of countersunk screws; the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5 are provided with holes of the same aperture as the calibration ring fixing seat 2.

[0041] Furthermore, the multi-aperture calibration ring 1 is provided with four rings of different apertures, which are marked as C1, C2, C3 and C4 from right to left.

[0042] Furthermore, the installation axes of the multi-aperture calibration ring 1, the calibration ring fixing seat 2, the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5 are collinear.

[0043] Furthermore, the marble base 8 and the marble side panels 3 serve as a reference for detecting the axis of the calibration device, and the flatness error is ≤0.01 mm.

[0044] Furthermore, the left support seat 4, the right support seat 5 and the calibration ring fixing seat 2 are all inspected before installation. The flatness error of the installation surface of a single support seat is ≤0.03mm, and the roundness error of the hole on a single cross section is ≤0.02mm. By adjusting the positions of the three, it is ensured that the measuring device does not produce eccentric offset as a whole after positioning on the calibration device.

[0045] Furthermore, the left support seat 4, the right support seat 5 and the calibration ring fixing seat 2 are all provided with concave positioning grooves at the bottom, the groove width is consistent with the width of the marble base 8, and a concave slot is correspondingly provided on the top of the locking block 7, forming an upper and lower symmetrical clamping structure with the positioning groove at the bottom of the support seat; the marble base 8 is embedded between the grooves of the support seat and the locking block, and is tightened horizontally by the bolts 6 arranged on the side.

[0046] Furthermore, the locking block 7 is connected to the marble base 8 and the adjustable support frame 9 through bolts 11, and cooperates with the support frame adjustment feet 10 to adjust the height.

[0047] A calibration method for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device is provided, wherein the calibration is performed using the calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device, and comprises the following steps: A. Install the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device Slowly move the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device axially, the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device hereinafter referred to as the measuring device 12, align the measuring device with the hole positions of the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5, and steadily advance the measuring device 12 until the measuring device support legs 13 and the tensioning device 14 completely fall into the holes of the left support seat 4 and the right support seat 5.

[0048] Define the rightmost side of the intersection of the horizontal plane of the marble side panel 3 and the marble base 8 as the origin O, the length direction of the marble base 8 and the direction of the measurement device 12 as the positive direction of the Z axis; the upward direction perpendicular to the marble base is the positive direction of the Y axis; the positive direction perpendicular to the marble side panel 3 and pointing to the inside of the measurement device is the positive direction of the X axis, and establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system.

[0049] B. Calibration of measuring device 12 B1 drives the linear motor 15 on the measuring device 12 to move the laser measurement sensor 16 in the Z direction; B2. Using the marble side panels 3 and marble base 8 as the axis detection reference, when the probe reaches the predetermined position, it drives the linear motor 15 and laser measurement sensor 16 to collect data on the ZY plane of the marble side panels 3. The laser measurement sensor 16 then rotates 90° in the a direction to collect data on the ZX plane of the marble base 8. B3. Use the laser measurement sensor 16 to collect the coordinates of the measurement points on the ZY plane of the marble side panel and the ZX plane of the marble base for linear regression. Fit the slope of the projection of the measuring device axis on the two planes to calculate the deflection angle α in the ZY plane and the deflection angle β in the ZX plane with respect to the Z axis. The calculation formula is as follows:

[0050]

[0051] Construct the rotation matrix around the X-axis and Y-axis as follows:

[0052]

[0053] Construct the rotation matrix I around the X axis x Used to correct the deflection angle α in the ZY plane, the rotation matrix I around the Y axis y Used to correct the deflection angle β in the ZX plane. The two basic rotation matrices are converted into x I y Matrix multiplication is performed using the same method to synthesize the total transformation matrix I. Because the actual axis of the measuring device has deflections α and β, the collected raw measurement coordinates will be deviated due to the axis tilt. Using the total transformation matrix I, a spatial coordinate transformation operation P' = I•P is performed on the raw measurement coordinates P affected by the axis deflection. This eliminates the error caused by the axis deflection and converts them into accurate coordinates P' without deflection.

[0054] B4. Drive the linear motor 15 on the measuring device 12 again to move the laser measuring sensor 16 toward the positive Z direction.

[0055] B5 calibrates the apertures of the C1, C2, C3 and C4 rings in sequence. When the probe reaches the position of the C1 ring of the multi-aperture calibration ring 1, the laser measurement sensor 16 rotates along the a direction and measures the C1 ring n times.

[0056] B6. Assume that the inner center of the multi-aperture calibration ring 1 is O and the radius is R. The laser measurement sensor 16 rotates n circles to collect data. The least squares method is used to fit the circle to determine the center of rotation of the measuring device O ', and then the eccentricity e of the measuring device and the calibration device is obtained. Given the mechanical eccentricity x between the laser measurement sensor 16 and the center of rotation, M is the measured value of the laser measurement sensor 16, and r1 is the cantilever value of the laser measurement sensor 16. When the eccentricity e of the measuring and calibration devices is collinear with the mechanical eccentricity x, the line connecting the calibration ring center O, the measurement device's center of rotation O', and point P on the laser measurement sensor 16 is collinear, and the measurement direction QP of the laser measurement sensor 16 is perpendicular to this line. Substituting the following geometric relationship yields: = +

[0057]

[0058] Solve for the cantilever value r:

[0059] B7. Drive the linear motor 15 on the measuring device 12 to move the laser measurement sensor 16 in the Z direction. Use the cantilever value r1 obtained by calibrating the C1 ring cross section to measure the apertures of the cross sections of the C2, C3, and C4 rings. Check the error between the measurement results and the actual aperture value of the cross section of the multi-aperture calibration ring 1 to ensure that the measurement error is within ±0.05 mm, thus verifying the accuracy of this calibration.

[0060] B8. Go to step B4 and use the C2 ring section for calibration, and the C1, C3, and C4 ring sections for verification. Repeat this step, calibrating the C3 ring section, verifying the C1, C2, and C4 ring sections; calibrating the C4 ring section, and verifying the C1, C2, and C3 ring sections. Finally, calculate the average cantilever values ​​r1, r2, r3, and r4 of the four calibrated ring sections. If the range of the four cantilever values ​​is ≤0.02mm, the aperture calibration is considered valid and the average value is taken.

[0061] Furthermore, when the aperture is actually measured, the measured coordinates are converted into non-biased coordinates through the total transformation matrix I. The average cantilever value r obtained by calibration and the reading of the laser measurement sensor 16 are M i The measured aperture is R i .

[0062] The present invention is not limited to this embodiment, and any equivalent concepts or modifications within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention are included in the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A calibration device for an automatic measurement device for a deep hole inverse cavity, characterized in that: The invention comprises a multi-aperture calibration ring (1), a calibration ring fixing seat (2), a marble side plate (3), a left support seat (4), a right support seat (5), a marble base (8) and an adjustable support frame (9); the adjustable support frame (9) is installed on a ground foundation; the marble base (8) is installed on the adjustable support frame (9); the calibration ring fixing seat (2), the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5) are fixedly installed on the marble base (8) from left to right, and the aperture calibration ring (1) is installed on the calibration ring fixing seat (2); the multi-aperture calibration ring (1) is provided with a plurality of different specifications of inner apertures, and the sizes of adjacent inner apertures are distributed in a gradient, and the axes of the different aperture rings are collinear.

2. The calibration device of the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The calibration ring fixing seat (2), the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5) are all mounted on the marble base (8) via respective locking bolts (6) and locking blocks (7); the calibration ring fixing seat (2) is provided with a hole adapted to the right side shape of the multi-aperture calibration ring (1), and screws are evenly distributed along the circumference to fix the multi-aperture calibration ring (1); the vertical edge of the marble side plate (3) is fixed to the marble base (8) via countersunk screws; the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5) are provided with holes of the same aperture as that of the calibration ring fixing seat (2).

3. The calibration device of the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The multi-aperture calibration ring (1) is provided with four rings of different apertures, and the rings from right to left are sequentially denoted as C1, C2, C3 and C4 rings.

4. The calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The installation axes of the multi-aperture calibration ring (1), the calibration ring fixing seat (2), the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5) are collinear.

5. The calibration device of the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The marble base (8) and the marble side panels (3) serve as a calibration device axis detection benchmark, with a flatness error of ≤0.01 mm.

6. The calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The left support seat (4), the right support seat (5) and the calibration ring fixing seat (2) are all tested before installation. The flatness error of the installation surface of a single support seat is ≤0.03mm, and the roundness error of the hole on a single cross section is ≤0.02mm. By adjusting the positions of the three, it is ensured that the measuring device does not produce eccentric deviation as a whole after being positioned on the calibration device.

7. The calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The bottoms of the left support seat (4), the right support seat (5) and the calibration ring fixing seat (2) are all provided with concave positioning grooves, the groove width of which is consistent with the width of the marble base (8); the top of the locking block (7) is provided with a corresponding concave slot, which forms a vertically symmetrical clamping structure with the positioning groove at the bottom of the support seat; the marble base (8) is embedded between the grooves of the support seat and the locking block, and is tightened laterally by bolts (6) arranged on the side.

8. The calibration device for the deep hole inverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The locking block (7) is connected to the marble base (8) and the adjustable support frame (9) via bolts (11), and is coordinated with the support frame adjusting feet (10) for height adjustment.

9. A calibration method for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device, comprising: utilizing the calibration device for a deep hole inverse cavity automatic measuring device according to any one of claims 1 to 8 for calibration, characterized in that: The steps include: A. Install the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device Slowly move the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device in the axial direction, the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measuring device hereinafter referred to as the measuring device (12), align the measuring device (12) with the hole positions of the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5), and steadily advance the measuring device (12) until the measuring device support legs (13) and the tensioning device (14) completely fall into the holes of the left support seat (4) and the right support seat (5); Define the rightmost point of the intersection of the horizontal plane of the marble side plate (3) and the marble base (8) as the origin O, the direction along the length of the marble base (8) and pointing to the measuring device (12) as the positive direction of the Z axis; the direction perpendicular to the marble base upward is the positive direction of the Y axis; the direction perpendicular to the marble side plate (3) pointing to the inside of the measuring device (12) is the positive direction of the X axis, and establish a spatial rectangular coordinate system; the direction of clockwise rotation around the positive direction of the Z axis is the a direction; B. Calibration of measuring devices B1. driving the linear motor (15) on the measuring device (12) to move the laser measuring sensor (16) in the Z direction; B2. Using the marble side plate (3) and the marble base (8) as the axis detection reference, when the probe reaches the predetermined position, the linear motor (15) and the laser measurement sensor (16) are driven to collect data on the ZY plane on the marble side plate (3), and then the laser measurement sensor (16) is rotated 90° along the a direction to collect data on the ZX plane on the marble base (8); B3. Use the laser measurement sensor (16) to collect the coordinates of the measurement points on the ZY plane of the marble side plate and the ZX plane of the marble base, perform linear regression, fit the projection slope of the axis of the measuring device on the two planes, and calculate the deflection angle α in the ZY plane and the deflection angle β in the ZX plane with respect to the Z axis. The calculation formula is as follows: Construct the rotation matrix around the X-axis and Y-axis as follows: Construct the rotation matrix I around the X axis x Used to correct the deflection angle α in the ZY plane, the rotation matrix I around the Y axis y Used to correct the deflection angle β in the ZX plane; these two basic rotation matrices are converted into x I y Matrix multiplication is performed in this way to synthesize the total transformation matrix I. Due to the deflection angles α and β of the actual axis of the measuring device, the collected original measurement coordinates will have deviations due to the axis tilt. At this time, the total transformation matrix I is used to perform a spatial coordinate transformation operation P'=I•P on the original measurement coordinates P affected by the axis deflection, eliminating the error caused by the axis deflection and converting it into the accurate coordinate P' in the deflection-free state. B4. driving the linear motor (15) on the measuring device (12) again to move the laser measuring sensor (16) toward the positive Z direction; B5. The apertures of the C1, C2, C3, and C4 rings are calibrated in sequence. When the probe reaches the position of the C1 ring of the multi-aperture calibration ring (1), the laser measurement sensor (16) rotates in the direction a and measures the C1 ring n times. B6. Assume that the center of the inner wall of the multi-aperture calibration ring (1) is O and the radius is R. The laser measurement sensor (16) is rotated n times to collect data. The least squares method is used to fit the circle to determine the rotation center O' of the measuring device, and then the eccentricity e of the measuring device and the calibration device is obtained. The mechanical installation eccentricity x between the laser measuring sensor (16) and the rotation center is known, M is the measurement value of the laser measuring sensor (16), and r1 is the cantilever value of the laser measuring sensor (16); when the eccentricity e of the measuring device and the calibration device is collinear with the mechanical installation eccentricity x, the line connecting the calibration ring center O, the rotation center O' of the measuring device, and the point P of the laser measuring sensor (16) is collinear, and the measuring direction QP of the laser measuring sensor (16) is perpendicular to the line; substituting the following geometric relationship, we obtain: = + Solve for the cantilever value r: B7. Drive the linear motor (15) on the measuring device (12) to move the laser measuring sensor (16) in the Z direction, call the cantilever value r1 obtained by the calibration of the C1 ring section, perform the measurement operation on the aperture of the C2, C3, and C4 ring sections, check the error between the measurement result and the actual value of the aperture of the multi-aperture calibration ring (1) section, ensure that the measurement error is within ±0.05mm, and verify the accuracy of this calibration; B8. Go to step B4 and use the C2 ring section for calibration, and the C1, C3, and C4 ring sections for verification. Repeat this step to calibrate the C3 ring section, and verify the C1, C2, and C4 ring sections. Calibrate the C4 ring section, and verify the C1, C2, and C3 ring sections. Finally, calculate the average cantilever values ​​r1, r2, r3, and r4 of the four calibrated ring sections. When the range of the four cantilever values ​​is ≤0.02mm, the aperture calibration is determined to be valid, and the average value is taken.

10. The calibration method of the deep hole reverse cavity automatic measurement device according to claim 9, characterized in that: When measuring the aperture, the measured coordinates are converted into non-biased coordinates through the total transformation matrix I. The average cantilever value r obtained by calibration and the reading of the laser measurement sensor (16) are M i The measured aperture is R i .

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