Complex environment wind field simulation equipment and simulation method

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of wind tunnel simulation, and particularly discloses a complex environment wind field simulation device, which comprises a test cabin, a fan system and a wind guide curtain assembly, the test cabin comprises a pressure stabilizing cabin, an inner cabin and an outer cabin, the fan system comprises a rotational flow fan, a horizontal flow fan and a vertical flow fan, and any cabin wall of the inner cabin is provided with a wind wall. An air return wall is arranged opposite to the air wall; the multiple rotational flow fans are evenly arranged in the circumferential direction of the bottom of the inner cabin at intervals. The vertical flow fans are uniformly distributed on the peripheral side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin; a movable horn mouth is formed in the top of the inner cabin; the air guide curtain assembly is arranged in the inner cabin and comprises two groups of horizontal air channel roller shutters which are arranged in the inner cabin and can be unfolded or folded; the fan system, the horn mouth, the horizontal air channel roller shutter and the air guide curtain assembly are selectively started to form different closed wind environment modes, and simulation of a complex wind field coupled by multiple physical fields is achieved. The invention further discloses a simulation method using the complex environment wind field simulation equipment.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of wind tunnel simulation technology, and in particular to a complex environment wind field simulation device and simulation method. Background Art

[0002] Wind tunnel testing, a method that uses a wind tunnel to simulate the flow of air around an aircraft or other object, is one of the most commonly used and effective tools in aerodynamic research and testing. The purpose of wind tunnel testing is to study the aerodynamic characteristics and aerodynamic performance of different objects or structures in different aerodynamic flow fields. Wind tunnel testing can provide a variety of complex airflow fields to simulate the airflow environment under actual application conditions. Through experimental measurements, aerodynamic parameters of objects or structures under different airflow conditions, such as lift, drag, and aerodynamic torque, as well as flow field parameters such as velocity, pressure, and temperature, can be obtained. These parameters are of great significance to engineering applications and scientific research in various fields. For example, wind tunnel testing can be used to study the aerodynamic characteristics of different objects or structures in different aerodynamic flow fields, thereby optimizing designs and improving aerodynamic performance, such as reducing air drag and increasing lift. Wind tunnel testing is also widely used in basic fluid mechanics research, such as the study of tornadoes, turbulence, and the atmospheric boundary layer. Wind tunnel testing provides detailed flow field data for the verification and development of various fluid mechanics models and numerical methods.

[0003] In order to conduct wind tunnel tests more accurately and conveniently, researchers have designed various types of wind tunnel test devices, such as integrated tornado and downburst wind tunnel test devices, which can reproduce special wind fields by adjusting wind speed, turbulence intensity and rotation characteristics. However, this type of test device can usually only simulate wind fields in one or two dimensions, and cannot simulate complex wind fields coupled with multiple physical fields. For example, the typical simulation methods for tornadoes are LES (large eddy simulation), wind tunnel tests and MATLAB modeling; the typical simulation methods for downbursts are impact jet models and WRF-LES (mesoscale meteorological model-large eddy simulation); WRF-LES and empirical formulas are used for gusts. Summary of the Invention

[0004] In view of the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the present invention provides a complex environment wind field simulation device, which can simulate a complex wind field coupled with multiple physical fields.

[0005] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0006] A complex environment wind field simulation device has an axisymmetric structure and includes a test cabin, a fan system and an air guide curtain assembly. The test cabin includes a pressure stabilizing cabin, an inner cabin and an outer cabin. The pressure stabilizing cabin and the inner cabin are installed in the outer cabin in a stacked manner and form an air circulation channel with the outer cabin; the fan system includes a rotary flow fan, a horizontal flow fan and a vertical flow fan. A wind wall composed of a plurality of horizontal flow fan arrays is provided on any bulkhead of the inner cabin, and a return air wall is provided on the bulkhead of the inner cabin opposite to the wind wall; a plurality of rotary flow fans are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the inner cabin; the vertical flow fans are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin, and a movable bell mouth is provided on the top of the inner cabin, and the inner cabin is connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin through the bell mouth; the air guide curtain assembly is arranged in the inner cabin, including two groups of horizontal air duct roller curtains that can be unfolded or retracted and arranged in the inner cabin; the fan system, the bell mouth, the horizontal air duct roller curtain and the air guide curtain assembly are selectively opened to form closed different wind environment modes.

[0007] Preferably, the air guide curtain assembly further includes a rotary flow fan louver, a rectifying grille and a rolling curtain. The rotary flow fan louver is installed on one side of the rotary flow fan outlet, and the rectifying grille and the rolling curtain are installed in sequence in front of the wind wall.

[0008] Preferably, the bell mouth is provided with a closing piece, and the bell mouth closes or opens the channel communicating with the pressure stabilizing cabin through the closing piece.

[0009] Preferably, it also includes a control system, which includes an upper computer, an acquisition system, an electrical control system and a lower computer. The upper computer and the lower computer are arranged outside the test cabin, the upper computer is connected to the lower computer, one end of the acquisition system is electrically connected to the lower computer, and the other end is electrically connected to the electrical control system, and the electrical control system is electrically connected to the fan system and the air guide curtain assembly.

[0010] Preferably, it comprises a guide tube and a guide cone, the guide tube is installed at the air outlet port of the air duct, and the guide cone is connected to the motor body and is located in the guide tube.

[0011] Preferably, the horizontal flow fan includes a wind tube, a motor body and a plurality of blades. The motor body is installed in the wind tube. The plurality of blades are evenly spaced along the circumference of the output shaft of the motor body, and the blades are bent-swept combined orthogonal three-dimensional twisted blades. The forward bending angle of the blades is 10°-14°, the forward sweep angle is 16°-22°, the twist angle is 25°-35°, and the number of blades is 2N, 5≤N≤10.

[0012] Preferably, the forward bending angle is 12°, the forward sweep angle is 19°, the twist angle is 30°, and the number of blades is 16.

[0013] Preferably, the guide cone is in the shape of a bullet, and the volume ratio of the guide cone to the volume of the guide tube is 1:3.

[0014] Preferably, it also includes a guide tube and a guide cone, the guide tube is installed at the air outlet port of the air duct, and the guide cone is connected to the motor body and is located in the guide tube.

[0015] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0016] The complex environment wind field simulation equipment of the present invention selectively opens the fan system, bell mouth, horizontal air duct roller blind and wind guide curtain assembly to help form a closed and ideal flow environment under different wind environment modes, avoid the influence of external factors and system structure on wind field characteristics, and effectively realize the simulation needs of various complex wind environments within a limited space, thereby realizing the simulation of complex wind fields coupled with multiple physical fields.

[0017] Another object of the present invention is to provide a simulation method for complex environment wind field simulation equipment to form different wind field models, thereby simulating wind field environments such as gusts, typhoons and downbursts, and providing data support for evaluating the impact of wind environment on aircraft.

[0018] The object of the present invention is achieved through such a technical solution, which specifically provides a simulation method for a complex environment wind field simulation device, including the following operating steps:

[0019] S1. Confirm different wind environment modes, manually close or open the air guide curtain assembly, and adjust the relevant angles of the corresponding air guide curtain assembly; open or close the horn;

[0020] S2. Place an anemometer at an appropriate location in the test chamber according to different wind environment modes;

[0021] S3. Start or shut down all or part of the fan system's rotary flow fans, horizontal flow fans, and vertical flow fans, depending on the wind environment mode;

[0022] S4. Adjust the control system to adjust the speed of the fan system based on the target wind speed values ​​of different preset wind environment modes and the actual wind speed value;

[0023] S5. During the test, the operating status information of all equipment and the data of on-site sensors will be displayed in different forms on the monitoring interface and stored synchronously in the historical database.

[0024] Preferably, the wind environment modes are tornado, downburst, atmospheric boundary layer, wind shear and gust.

[0025] Due to the adoption of the above technical solution, the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0026] Simulate different wind field models, record and store equipment operating status information and on-site sensor data, and provide data support for evaluating the impact of wind environment on aircraft. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] The accompanying drawings herein are incorporated into and constitute a part of the specification, illustrating embodiments consistent with the present application and, together with the specification, serving to explain the principles of the present application. It is obvious that the drawings described below are merely some embodiments of the present application, and it is possible for a person of ordinary skill in the art to derive other drawings based on these drawings without inventive effort. In the accompanying drawings:

[0028] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the complex environment wind field simulation equipment of this application;

[0029] Figure 2 Model diagram of complex environment wind field simulation equipment for this application;

[0030] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the wind wall for this application;

[0031] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the horizontal airway curtain of this application;

[0032] Figure 5 This is a schematic structural diagram of the horizontal flow fan of the present application;

[0033] Figure 6 This is a schematic structural diagram of the impeller of this application;

[0034] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the installation of the horizontal flow fan of this application;

[0035] Figure 8 The flow rate is 12000m 3 / s, the test static pressure curve of the horizontal flow fan;

[0036] Figure 9 This is the test curve of horizontal flow fan performance changing with Pitot tube wind speed;

[0037] Figure 10 This is a comparison chart of the horizontal flow fan vibration test curve and the design allowable value;

[0038] Figure 11 is a schematic diagram of the control system;

[0039] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the electrical control system.

[0040] Reference numerals

[0041] 1-test cabin, 11-pressure stabilizing cabin, 12-inner cabin, 121-wind wall, 122-return air wall, 123-bell mouth, 13-outer cabin;

[0042] 2- fan system, 21- horizontal flow fan, 211- air cylinder, 2111- card table, 2112- through slot, 212- motor body, 213- blades, 2131- hub, 214- mounting seat, 2141- through mounting slot, 215- guide cone, 216- guide cylinder, 2161- folding table, 217- sealing ring, 218- vibration reduction assembly, 2181- vibration reduction gasket, 2182- vibration reduction housing, 2183- through hole, 22- rotary flow fan, 23- vertical flow fan;

[0043] 3-air guide curtain assembly, 31-rotating flow fan shutter, 32-rectifier grille, 33-rolling curtain, 34-horizontal airway curtain;

[0044] 4-control system, 41-upper computer, 42-lower computer, 43-electrical control system, 431-circuit breaker, 432-fuse, 433-contactor, 434-inverter, 435-output reactor, 436-thermal relay, 437-motor. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0045] Unless otherwise defined, all technical and / or scientific terms used herein have the same meaning as commonly understood by those of ordinary skill in the art to which the invention pertains. It should be understood that certain features of the present invention (described in the context of separate embodiments for clarity) may also be provided in combination in a single embodiment. On the contrary, a plurality of features of the present invention (described in the context of a single embodiment for brevity) may also be provided separately or in any suitable combination or in any other described embodiment of the present invention when appropriate. Certain features described in the context of various embodiments will not be considered as essential features of those embodiments unless the embodiment is inoperable without those elements. The present invention will be further described below by specific examples, but it should be noted that the specific process conditions and results described in the embodiments of the present invention are only used to illustrate the present invention and cannot limit the scope of protection of the present invention. All equivalent changes or modifications made in accordance with the spirit and substance of the present invention should be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0046] Please refer to Figure 1 、 Figure 2 and Figure 4A complex environment wind field simulation device has an axisymmetric structure, including a test cabin 1, a fan system 2 and an air guide curtain assembly 3. The test cabin 1 includes a pressure stabilizing cabin 11, an inner cabin 12 and an outer cabin 13. The pressure stabilizing cabin 11 and the inner cabin 12 are installed in the outer cabin 13 in a stacked manner and form an air circulation channel between the outer cabin 13; the fan system 2 includes a rotary flow fan 22, a horizontal flow fan 21 and a vertical flow fan 23. A wind wall 121 is installed on any wall of the inner cabin 12. The wind wall 121 is composed of an array of several horizontal flow fans 21. The inner cabin 12 relative to the wind wall 121 is A return air wall 122 is installed on it; a number of rotary flow fans 22 are evenly spaced along the circumferential direction of the bottom of the inner cabin 12; vertical flow fans 23 are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin 11, and a movable bell mouth 123 is provided on the top of the inner cabin 12, and the inner cabin 12 is connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin 11 through the bell mouth 123; an air guide curtain assembly 3 is arranged in the inner cabin 12, including two groups of deployable or retractable horizontal air duct roller curtains 34 arranged in the inner cabin 12; selectively opening the fan system 2, the bell mouth 123, the horizontal air duct roller curtain 34 and the air guide curtain assembly 3 constitutes closed different wind environment modes.

[0047] Specifically, the cross-section of the outer cabin 13 of the present application is an axisymmetric octagonal structure, more specifically an unequal-sided octagonal structure, and the space enclosed by the outer cabin 13 is used as a multi-environment wind field simulation test area. The outer cabin 13 has a certain height, and the inner top of the outer cabin 13 is arc-shaped. The specific space size of the outer cabin 13 is not limited here, and the actual setting is required according to the scale of the test. The outer cabin 13 of the present application has a certain thermal insulation performance to reduce energy loss and ensure the stability of the test environment; the outer cabin 13 has excellent corrosion resistance and can resist the influence of factors such as humidity and temperature changes; the outer cabin 13 has sufficient strength and hardness to ensure that it will not be deformed or damaged under high-speed airflow and pressure changes; the outer cabin 13 has excellent sealing to prevent airflow leakage and affect the accuracy of the test results. Furthermore, the present application adopts an axisymmetric structure, which can achieve a more symmetrical wind speed distribution, effectively reduce the airflow distortion in the test area during the simulation process, and ensure the consistency of wind field characteristics at different radial positions; it can quickly respond to the needs of wind direction changes, such as simulating the time-varying wind direction characteristics in complex wind field environments such as tornadoes; it can reduce the difficulty of equipment manufacturing and maintenance, saving costs; it can ensure the consistency of initial parameters under different simulation conditions such as wind direction reversal or angle adjustment, facilitating the subsequent comparison and analysis of simulation results of different wind field environments, and is suitable for large-scale wind field dynamic simulation. In addition, the unequal octagonal structure of the outer cabin 13 of the present application can optimize the spatial layout of the outer cabin 13 through non-uniform side lengths while ensuring symmetry, and can adapt to different sizes of inner cabins 12 and pressure stabilizing cabins 11, thereby improving space utilization.

[0048] The inner cabin 12 of this application is also an axisymmetric, scalene octagonal structure. Its structural function and effect are the same as those of the outer cabin 13 and will not be further described here. The dimensions of the inner cabin 12 of this application are set according to actual needs, but the cabin roof of the inner cabin 12 has sufficient load-bearing capacity to provide sufficient and stable support for the stabilizing cabin 11.

[0049] like Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown, the function of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 of the present application includes maintaining the pressure stability within the equipment and ensuring the accuracy and safety of the test results. Specifically, the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 maintains the pressure stability within the equipment by regulating the gas flow entering the equipment and the gas flow exiting the equipment. When the pressure within the equipment changes, the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 automatically adjusts the gas flow to return the pressure to the set value, thereby ensuring that the pressure fluctuation within the equipment is within a controllable range, thereby improving the reliability of the test data. The cross-section of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 of the present application is a square structure, which is welded from a steel structure. The size of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 is set according to actual needs. For example, each side of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 is 6.5 meters long and 3 meters high. During the actual equipment construction process, based on the convenience of construction, the side walls of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 are vertical walls. The top of the side walls is connected to the inner roof of the outer cabin 13. The top of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 can borrow the inner roof of the outer cabin 13. A closed space must be formed between the side walls and the inner roof of the outer cabin 13, and an inspection door is reserved. Furthermore, the present application forms a closed space between the side walls of the pressure-stabilizing cabin 11 and the inner top of the outer cabin 13 to avoid external air interference, ensure the stability of the airflow velocity and pressure distribution in the outer cabin 13, and reduce the impact of turbulence and local pressure fluctuations on the test results; the closed space is used to make the airflow form a controllable circulation between the pressure-stabilizing cabin 11 and the outer cabin 13, avoid energy loss and simplify the device layout of the outer cabin 13.

[0050] The present invention provides a complex environment wind field simulation device. When the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 31 are in the unfolded state, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 31 and the two oppositely arranged bulkheads in the inner cabin 12 enclose a rectangular horizontal airflow channel. When the horizontal flow fan 21 and the corresponding wind guide curtain assembly 3 are turned on, the rectangular horizontal airflow channel can cooperate with the airflow circulation channel to provide a horizontal linear flow wind field. When the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 31 are in the retracted state, the rotary flow fan 22, the vertical flow fan 23, the bell mouth 123 and the corresponding wind guide curtain assembly 3 are turned on. The airflow circulation channel can cooperate with the inner cabin 12 and the pressure stabilizing cabin 11 to provide a vertical airflow wind field or a rotary airflow wind field. The wind guide curtain assembly 3 helps to form a closed and ideal flow environment under different wind environment modes, avoids the influence of external factors and system structure on the wind field characteristics, and effectively realizes the simulation needs of various complex wind environments within a limited space, thereby realizing the simulation of complex wind fields coupled with multiple physical fields.

[0051] Furthermore, if Figure 1As shown, the equipment also includes at least four vertical flow fans 23, which are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the plenum chamber 11. The vertical flow fans 23 of the present application are used to simulate vertical rising or falling airflows in the test center area, and are composed of at least four axial flow fans. The present application can simulate rising and falling airflows by adjusting the air volume and positive and negative wind directions of the vertical flow fans 23. Specifically, the present application has at least four vertical flow fans 23 installed on the four side walls of the plenum chamber 11 at the top of the test area, and at least one vertical flow fan 23 is arranged at the center of each side wall. The vertical flow fan 23 is required to meet the design requirements of large flow and high pressure head when working in the forward and reverse directions. Therefore, the vertical flow fan 23 of this application can use an existing sold fan, such as the Tunnel Axial Fan series product of Kruger Ventilation Industries Asia Co., Ltd., model KTF-R1440. The structural design of the vertical flow fan 23 can prevent rain, surface condensation and frost from affecting the safe operation of the equipment.

[0052] Furthermore, the rotary flow fan 22 of the present application is used to cooperate with the vertical flow fan 4 to form a rotating airflow when simulating a wind environment such as a tornado. For example, the rotary flow fan 22 of the present application can adopt a commercially available rotary flow fan, as long as its performance meets the test requirements of the present application. The number of the rotary flow fans 22 of the present application is twenty, which are distributed at the bottom of the bulkhead of the inner cabin 12, wherein there are three fans on each side of the straight-side bulkhead and two fans on each side of the oblique-side bulkhead. The rotary flow fans 22 are evenly distributed along the length of the bulkhead according to the distance. For example, the rotary flow fans 22 are numbered from 1 to 20 in a clockwise direction for easy operation. Furthermore, the rotary flow fan 22 of the present application is designed as a unidirectional flow fan. When reverse direction is required, a manual turntable is used to perform a single horizontal rotation to adjust the flow direction of the fan, and the adjustment range is 0° to 180°. The maximum design height of the manual turntable of the present application plus the cement mounting base is 20 cm.

[0053] Furthermore, the equipment also includes a movable bell mouth 123 disposed on the top of the inner cabin 12, which communicates with the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 through the bell mouth 123. The present application sets a movable bell mouth 123 at the top of the center of the test area of ​​the inner cabin 12. The throat diameter of the bell mouth 123 can be 2.0m, etc. To achieve the free movement of the bell mouth 123, the present application installs a track on the top of the inner cabin 12, such as a horizontally movable straight track, and slidably mounts the bell mouth 123 on the track. The bell mouth 123 is controlled by a drive system such as an electric drive or a pneumatic drive to move along the track. Its travel range is limited by the size of the pressure stabilizing chamber 11 and the inner cabin 12, for example, 4.1m. The bell mouth 123 of the present application is used to simulate the movement of a tornado.

[0054] For further information, please refer to Figure 1 and Figure 3 The air guide curtain assembly 3 also includes a rotary flow fan louver 31, a rectifying grille 32 and a rolling curtain 33. The rotary flow fan louver 31 is installed on one side of the air outlet of the rotary flow fan 22, and the rectifying grille 32 and the rolling curtain 33 are installed in sequence in front of the wind wall 121. The present application installs a rotary flow fan louver 31 at the air outlet of the rotary flow fan 22 at the bottom of the inner cabin 12. The louver angle can be adjusted arbitrarily. When conducting tornado and downburst tests, it is opened and adjusted to a predetermined angle. The present application can change the wind direction of the rotary flow fan outlet by adjusting the angle of the rotary flow fan louver 31, and realize the rotary flow simulation by using multiple rotary flow fans. A rectifying grille 32 is installed on the air outlet side of the wind wall 121. The rectifying grille 32 of the present application is used to rectify the airflow flowing out of the horizontal flow fan 21 of the wind wall 121, and obtain a horizontal flow field with a flow direction parallel to the axis of the horizontal flow fan in the test area. For example, the rectifying grid 32 of the present application is formed by welding together crisscross plates to form an array grid, each grid is a square with a side length of 0.332m, and the plate thickness is 0.006m. The overall height and width of the rectifying grid 32 are consistent with the size of the wind wall, and the length in the horizontal airflow direction is 0.2m. A roller shutter 33 is installed in front of the rectifying grid 32. The roller shutter 33 includes a horizontal movable curtain and vertical blinds. The horizontal movable curtain of the present application can be a blind structure or a roller shutter structure. The wind wall 121 is composed of a bracket and a horizontal flow fan 21. The bracket is welded together by crisscross plates to form an array fan installation position. The horizontal flow fan 21 is installed in the fan installation position. The horizontal movable curtain of the present application covers the second row from the bottom of the wind wall 121 to the top. If the horizontal movable curtain uses a louver structure, the louver should be fully open during horizontal wind field tests and closed when not in use. If the horizontal movable curtain uses a roller blind structure, the roller blind structure should be rolled up during horizontal wind field tests and lowered during vertical wind field tests. For example, the horizontal louver or roller blind 33 of this application can be divided into three sections in width: one section is 3.015m wide and is used to cover the area of ​​the first phase wind wall; the other two sections are both 1.09m wide and are used to cover the area of ​​the second phase wind wall on the left and right sides of the first phase wind wall. The horizontal movable curtain covers the wind wall from top to bottom for a height of 4.075m and a thickness of 50mm.

[0055] Furthermore, the bell mouth 123 is provided with a closing member, which closes or opens the passageway connecting the bell mouth 123 to the plenum chamber 11. Specifically, the present application uses a canvas closing member at the bottom opening of the bell mouth 123. When conducting a horizontal wind field test, the vertical flow fan 23 is not operating, and the canvas closing member is used to close the passageway connecting the vertical flow fan 23 to the plenum chamber 11, preventing air from flowing out through the air duct of the vertical flow fan 23 and affecting the horizontal wind field.

[0056] For further information, please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12, further comprising a control system 4, which comprises a host computer 41, an acquisition system, an electrical control system 43, and a slave computer 42. Host computer 41 and slave computer 42 are located outside of test chamber 1, with host computer 41 connected to slave computer 42. One end of the acquisition system is electrically connected to slave computer 42, and the other end is electrically connected to electrical control system 43. Electrical control system 43 is electrically connected to fan system 2 and air guide curtain assembly 3. Specifically, host computer 41 is an industrial control computer manufactured by Advantech Technology, running monitoring configuration software developed by Beijing Yakong Technology Development Co., Ltd. for the mid- to high-end market. The software features integrated management, modular development, visual operation, and intelligent diagnosis and control. The slave computer 42 uses the Ethernet-based data acquisition and control system ADAM-5000 / TCP, manufactured by Advantech. It features high-speed I / O and intelligent diagnostic capabilities, communicating with the host computer via the standard TCP / IP communication protocol at speeds up to 100 Mbps. A high-speed transmission isolation barrier provides 1500V DC overvoltage protection for the ADAM-5000 / TCP's Ethernet port, preventing damage from surge voltages. The electrical control system 43 is divided into three groups, electrically connected to the rotary flow fan 22, the horizontal flow fan 21, and the vertical flow fan 23. Electrical control system 43 consists of a circuit breaker 431, a fuse 432, a contactor 433, a frequency converter 434, an output inductor 435, a thermal relay 436, and a motor 437. Motor 437 is connected to fan system 2. Because frequency converter 434 generates significant harmonics during operation, an output inductor 435 is installed at the output of frequency converter 434 to mitigate the steepness of the frequency converter's output voltage (switching frequency) and reduce disturbances and shocks to the power components. The acquisition system includes a video surveillance module and a measurement module. The video surveillance module consists of a front-end camera, a central hard disk recorder, and transmission cables. Cameras are installed in key locations within the test chamber, allowing control room personnel to fully understand the test chamber's progress through displays. The hard disk recorder can record the progress in real time for verification. The hard disk recorder's switching operation allows for tracking and monitoring. The measurement module includes an anemometer, which is installed at different locations within test chamber 1 depending on the actual application scenario.

[0057] For further information, please refer to Figure 5 and Figure 6The horizontal flow fan 21 includes a wind tube 211, a motor body 212 and a plurality of blades 213. The motor body 212 is installed in the wind tube 211. The plurality of blades 213 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the output shaft of the motor body 212, and the blades 213 are orthogonal three-dimensional twisted blades of a bent-swept combination. The forward bending angle of the blades 213 is 10°-14°, the forward sweep angle is 16°-22°, and the twist angle is 25°-35°. The number of blades 213 is 2N, and 5≤N≤10. Specifically, the motor body 212 is a permanent magnet synchronous motor, including a stator, a rotor and a motor shaft. The stator and rotor are embedded in the wind tube 211. The blades 213 are suspended at the ends of the motor shaft. The bearings of the motor shaft are grease-lubricated rolling bearings. The blades 213 and the hub 2131 form an impeller. The hub 2131 is fixedly mounted on the end of the motor shaft. The blades 213 are evenly spaced along the circumference of the hub 214. The inner diameter of the air duct 211 is 300 mm, and the outer diameter of the air duct 211 is 310 mm.

[0058] Preferably, the forward bend angle is 12°, the forward sweep angle is 19°, the twist angle is 30°, and the number of blades 213 is 16. This application adopts the parameters of the above-mentioned blades 213, and the simulation performance of the horizontal flow fan is as follows: the test bench test plan is arranged according to the JB / T3165 "Thermal Performance Test of Centrifugal and Axial Blowers and Compressors" standard. The experimental conditions are: the impeller adopts a hexahedral grid with a total grid size of 12 million; the temperature is 25°C, the inlet wind pressure is 98kPa, the outlet static pressure boundary is given, and the turbulence model SST is selected for calculation; a pressure differential gauge is installed at the inlet end of the horizontal flow fan 21 to indirectly measure the static pressure at the outlet of the horizontal flow fan by measuring the pressure difference with the atmosphere. Using existing technology, a Pitot tube system is installed at the outlet end of the horizontal flow fan to measure the dynamic pressure. A flow meter is installed at the tail end of the horizontal flow fan to measure the mass flow rate. The flow meter is a thermal flow meter. By Figure 8 It can be seen that when the flow rate is 12000m 3 / s, the test static pressure value of the horizontal flow fan is higher than the index value of 1700Pa, and the fan power reaches 19kW. Figure 9 This is the test curve of horizontal flow fan performance changing with Pitot tube wind speed. It can be seen from the curve that the wind speed in the fan duct is above 50m / s.

[0059] For further information, please refer to Figure 7, also includes a guide tube 216 and a guide cone 215. The guide tube 216 is installed at the air outlet port of the wind tube 211. The guide cone 215 is connected to the motor body 212 and is located in the guide tube 216. Specifically, the guide tube 216 is inserted into the wind tube 211 and one end is provided with a plurality of inward folding platforms 2161. The folding platforms 2161 are evenly spaced along the circumference of one end of the guide tube 216. The wind tube 211 is provided with a clamping platform 2111 that cooperates with the folding platforms. There is a through groove 2112 between adjacent clamping platforms 2111. The width of the through groove 2112 is not less than the length of the folding platform 2161. When in use, the folding platform 2161 first enters along the through groove 2112, and then the guide tube 216 is rotated. The folding platform 2161 overlaps with the clamping platform 2111. At this time, the guide tube 216 is inserted into the outside of the wind tube 211. With this structure, the guide tube 216 can be quickly installed in the wind tube 211. Preferably, a sealing ring 217 is further provided, and the sealing ring 217 is inserted into the through groove 2112 to prevent the airflow from leaking out of the through groove 2112, thereby increasing the stability of the airflow.

[0060] Furthermore, the guide cone 215 has a bullet-shaped shape, and the volume ratio of the guide cone 215 to the guide tube 216 is 1:3. Specifically, the horizontal flow fan 21 outputs airflow in a high-speed, rotating, and turbulent state. The bullet-shaped streamlined design can smoothly guide the airflow to converge toward the center, making the airflow smoother.

[0061] For further information, please refer to Figure 7 , also includes a mounting base 214, which is arranged on the outside of the wind tube 211, and the mounting base 214 is provided with a through-mounting slot 2141. Specifically, there are two groups of mounting bases 214, which are symmetrically arranged on the relatively outside of the wind tube 211; the through-mounting slots 2141 are symmetrically arranged in two groups along the length direction of the mounting base 214. With this structure, when the wind tube 211 is installed, the installation position can be appropriately adjusted along the through-mounting slots 2141, thereby improving the installation application scenario of the horizontal flow fan 21. The fan also includes a vibration damping assembly 218, and the horizontal flow fan 21 is installed in the wind wall 121 through the vibration damping assembly 218. Specifically, the vibration damping assembly 218 includes a vibration damping washer 2181 and a vibration damping shell 2182. The vibration damping washer 2181 is installed in the vibration damping shell 2182, and both ends are exposed to the vibration damping shell 2182. The vibration damping washer 2181 is provided with a through hole 2183. This application provides a vibration reduction assembly 218 to compare the horizontal flow fan vibration value test curve with the design allowable value. Figure 10 As shown, the average fan vibration value is 1.7 mm / s, which is far below the allowable value of 2.5 mm / s.

[0062] Please refer to Figure 11 and Figure 12 A method for simulating a multi-environment wind farm device comprises the following steps:

[0063] S1. Confirm different wind environment modes, manually close or open the air guide curtain assembly, adjust the relevant angles of the corresponding air guide curtain assembly, and open or close the horn;

[0064] S2. Place an anemometer at an appropriate location in the test chamber according to different wind environment modes;

[0065] S3. Start or shut down all or part of the fan system's rotary flow fans, horizontal flow fans, and vertical flow fans, depending on the wind environment mode;

[0066] S4. Adjust the control system to adjust the speed of the fan system based on the target wind speed values ​​of different preset wind environment modes and the actual wind speed value;

[0067] S5. During the test, the operating status information of all equipment and the data of on-site sensors will be displayed in different forms on the monitoring interface and stored synchronously in the historical database.

[0068] Specifically, the wind environment patterns include tornadoes, downbursts, atmospheric boundary layers (ABL), wind shear, and gusts. This application uses an example of a tornado. A tornado is a rare, localized, small-scale, and sudden severe convective weather event. It is a strong, small-scale air vortex caused by air convection under strong, unstable weather conditions. It can be seen in tropical and temperate regions and can occur in spring, summer, and autumn. It generally occurs in the transition season between spring and summer or at the turn of summer and autumn, with the former being more common. The formation of a tornado is considered to be related to updrafts and vertical wind shear in terms of dynamics, and can be roughly divided into four stages: 1. The convective system brings unstable energy in the atmosphere and triggers updrafts; 2. The updraft generates vertical vorticity under the action of wind speed and wind direction shear, that is, it begins to rotate in the horizontal direction; 3. The rotating system develops into the interior of the convective system under the action of convergent airflow, forming a tornado core in the middle troposphere; 4. Under the action of the downdraft in front of the convective system, the vortex developed by the tornado core extends to the underlying surface, the ground pressure drops sharply, and the ground wind speed rises sharply, forming a tornado. Therefore, when simulating a tornado, this application not only needs to simulate the updraft, but also needs to provide power for the airflow rotation. The present application utilizes the cooperation of a vertical flow fan 23 and a rotary flow fan 22 to achieve the simulation of a tornado. Specifically, the present application uses multiple vertical flow fans 23 on the side of the pressure stabilizing cabin 1 to draw in air from a vertically arranged bell mouth 123 located at the top center of the inner cabin 12, forming an updraft in the test center area of ​​the inner cabin 12. The updraft enters the air circulation channel through the vertical flow fan 23, the roller blind 33 is closed, and the two sets of horizontal air duct roller blinds 34 are in a retracted state. The airflow circulates back to the inner cabin 12 from the rotary flow fan 22 at the bottom of the inner cabin 12, and the rotary flow fan 22 simulates the rotation intensity and swirl ratio by adjusting the direction of the rotary flow fan louvers 7 and the fan flow rate. The two cooperate with each other to form tornado models of different levels. The present application can also simulate the linear motion of a tornado by moving the bell mouth 123. The specific simulation steps are as follows:

[0069] (1) Manually open the rotary flow fan louver 31 at the outlet of the rotary flow fan 22, adjust the louver 31 to a 45-degree angle and lock it, close the rectifier grille 32 and the roller shutter 33 and lock them, and close the horizontal airway roller shutter 34; adjust the rotary flow fan 22 to blow air into the cabin 12; open the bell mouth 123;

[0070] (2) Install the anemometer approximately 20 cm below the center of the bell mouth 123;

[0071] (3) Close the inner and outer doors of the test chamber and lock them;

[0072] (4) Turn on the video surveillance system in the test chamber;

[0073] (5) Turn on the electrical control system 43 and manually close the circuit breaker of each inverter branch in turn;

[0074] (6) Open the host computer monitoring software and enter the tornado control interface;

[0075] (7) Set the rotational flow fan speed to 30% of the rated speed and the vertical flow fan speed to 100% of the rated speed. After the fan runs stably, start testing the wind speed and record the data. The test results are synchronously stored in the historical database.

[0076] Example 2 of this application discusses wind shear. Wind shear refers to the change in the wind vector (wind direction and wind speed) over horizontal and / or vertical distances in the air. It is generally categorized into the following two types: 1. Horizontal wind shear is the change in horizontal wind direction and / or wind speed over horizontal distances; 2. Vertical wind shear is the change in horizontal wind direction and / or wind speed over vertical distances. Both can be achieved by controlling the air volume of the horizontal flow fan array 21. During the simulation of horizontal wind shear and vertical wind shear, the two sets of horizontal air duct curtains 34 are in the unfolded state, the first curtain 10 of the wind wall 121 and the second curtain 11 of the return air wall 12 are rolled up, the bell mouth 123 channel is closed by the closing piece, and the airflow blown out by the horizontal flow fan 21 flows between the horizontal airflow channel and the airflow circulation channel. When the wind volume gradient of the horizontal flow fan 21 is controlled to change in the horizontal direction, horizontal wind shear can be simulated. At this time, the working state of each vertical column of horizontal flow fans 21 is the same; when the wind volume gradient of the horizontal flow fan 21 is controlled to change in the vertical direction, vertical wind shear can be simulated. At this time, the working state of each horizontal flow fan 21 at the horizontal position is the same. The wind volume gradient change rate of the horizontal flow fan 21 determines the strength of the wind shear. It should be noted that during this simulation process, the rectifier grille 32 of the wind wall 121 does not participate in the work. The specific simulation steps are as follows:

[0077] (1) Manually close the rotary flow fan louvers 31 at the outlets of rotary flow fans -1 to -7 and rotary flow fans 11 to 20 and lock them, manually open the rotary flow fan louvers 31 at the outlets of rotary flow fans -8 to -10 to fully open and lock them, open the rectifier grille 32 and roller shutter 33 in front of the wind wall and lock them;

[0078] (2) Install several anemometers evenly spaced 2 meters in front of the wind wall;

[0079] (3) Close the inner and outer doors of the test chamber and lock them;

[0080] (4) Turn on the video surveillance system in the test chamber;

[0081] (5) Turn on the electrical control system and manually close the circuit breaker of each inverter branch in turn;

[0082] (6) Open the host computer monitoring software and enter the wind shear control interface;

[0083] (7) After the fan system is running stably, start testing the wind speed and recording the data. The test results are synchronously stored in the historical database.

[0084] The present invention also provides a complex environment wind field simulation device and simulation method, which selectively opens the fan system 2, the bell mouth 123, the horizontal air duct roller blind 34 and the wind guide curtain assembly 3 to form closed, ideal different wind environment modes, avoid the influence of external factors and system structure on the wind field characteristics, and effectively realize the simulation needs of various complex wind environments within a limited space, thereby realizing the simulation of complex wind fields coupled with multiple physical fields. The horizontal flow fan 21 of the present invention improves the interaction between the blades 213 and the airflow, reduces energy loss, and improves its efficiency. The bent and swept combined orthogonal three-dimensional twisted blades can make the airflow enter and flow out of the impeller more smoothly, reducing the disturbance of the airflow and the noise source. The use of an even number of blades 213 reduces the imbalance of radial force and improves the stability of the output airflow.

[0085] The above embodiments are merely illustrative of the principles and effects of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Anyone skilled in the art may modify or alter the above embodiments without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention. Therefore, all equivalent modifications or alterations made by one of ordinary skill in the art without departing from the spirit and technical principles disclosed herein are intended to be covered by the claims of the present invention.

Claims

1. A complex environment wind field simulation device, characterized in that: The device has an axisymmetric structure and includes a test cabin (1), a fan system (2) and an air guide curtain assembly (3). The test cabin (1) includes a pressure stabilizing cabin (11), an inner cabin (12) and an outer cabin (13). The pressure stabilizing cabin (11) and the inner cabin (12) are installed in the outer cabin (13) in a stacked manner and form an air circulation channel with the outer cabin (13); the fan system (2) includes a rotary flow fan (22), a horizontal flow fan (21) and a vertical flow fan (23). A wind wall (121) composed of an array of a plurality of horizontal flow fans (21) is provided on any wall of the inner cabin (12), and a return air wall (23) is provided on the wall of the inner cabin (12) opposite to the wind wall (121). 122); a plurality of rotary flow fans (22) are evenly spaced along the circumferential bottom of the inner cabin (12); vertical flow fans (23) are evenly distributed on the four side walls of the pressure stabilizing cabin (11); a movable bell mouth (123) is provided on the top of the inner cabin (12); the inner cabin (12) is connected to the pressure stabilizing cabin (11) through the bell mouth (123); an air guide curtain assembly (3) is arranged in the inner cabin (12), including two sets of horizontal air duct roller curtains (34) that can be deployed or retracted and are arranged in the inner cabin (12); the fan system (2), the bell mouth (123), the horizontal air duct roller curtain (34) and the air guide curtain assembly (3) are selectively opened to form closed different wind environment modes.

2. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air guide curtain assembly (3) further comprises a rotary flow fan louver (31), a rectifying grille (32) and a rolling curtain (33); the rotary flow fan louver (31) is mounted on one side of the air outlet of the rotary flow fan (22); and the rectifying grille (32) and the rolling curtain (33) are sequentially mounted in front of the wind wall (121).

3. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The bell mouth (123) is provided with a closing piece (124), and the bell mouth (123) closes or opens a passage communicating with the pressure stabilizing cabin (11) through the closing piece (124).

4. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The system further comprises a control system (4), wherein the control system (4) comprises an upper computer (41), an acquisition system, an electrical control system (43) and a lower computer (42), wherein the upper computer (41) and the lower computer (42) are arranged outside the test chamber (1), the upper computer (41) is connected to the lower computer (42), one end of the acquisition system is electrically connected to the lower computer (42), and the other end is electrically connected to the electrical control system (43), and the electrical control system (43) is electrically connected to the fan system (2) and the air guide curtain assembly (3).

5. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 1 or 2, characterized in that: The horizontal flow fan (21) comprises a wind tube (211), a motor body (212) and a plurality of blades (213). The motor body (212) is installed in the wind tube (211). The plurality of blades (213) are evenly spaced along the circumference of the output shaft of the motor body (212). The blades (213) are bent-swept combined orthogonal three-dimensional twisted blades. The forward bending angle of the blades (213) is 10°-14°, the forward sweep angle is 16°-22°, and the twist angle is 25°-35°. The number of blades (213) is 2N, and 5≤N≤10.

6. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The forward bending angle is 12°, the forward sweep angle is 19°, the twist angle is 30°, and the number of blades (213) is 16.

7. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 5, characterized in that: It also includes a guide tube (216) and a guide cone (215), wherein the guide tube (216) is installed at the air outlet port of the wind tube (211), and the guide cone (215) is connected to the motor body (212) and is located in the guide tube (216).

8. The complex environment wind field simulation device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The guide cone (215) is in the shape of a bullet, and the volume ratio of the guide cone (215) to the volume of the guide tube (216) is 1:

3.

9. A simulation method using the complex environment wind field simulation device according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The steps are as follows: S1. Confirm different wind environment modes, manually close or open the air guide curtain assembly, and adjust the relevant angles of the corresponding air guide curtain assembly; open or close the horn; S2. Place an anemometer at an appropriate location in the test chamber according to different wind environment modes; S3. Start or shut down all or part of the fan system's rotary flow fans, horizontal flow fans, and vertical flow fans, depending on the wind environment mode; S4. Adjust the control system to adjust the speed of the fan system based on the target wind speed values ​​of different preset wind environment modes and the actual wind speed value; S5. During the test, the operating status information of all equipment and the data of on-site sensors will be displayed in different forms on the monitoring interface and stored synchronously in the historical database.

10. The simulation method according to claim 9, characterized in that Wind environment modes include tornadoes, downbursts, atmospheric boundary layer, wind shear and gusts.

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