Acceleration sensor

Abstract

The invention provides an acceleration sensor, and the sensor comprises a housing which is internally provided with a first cavity and is provided with a first opening; the core body support is arranged in the shell, the core body support is provided with a second cavity and a second opening, the second cavity is communicated with the outside through the first opening, and the second cavity is communicated with the first cavity through the second opening; the three groups of core body assemblies are orthogonal in pairs, are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the core body support and are positioned in the shell; the two ends of the wire harness assembly in the length direction are a first wiring end and a second wiring end respectively; wherein the first wiring terminal is used for entering the second cavity from the first opening, entering the first cavity from the second opening, and being electrically connected with each core body assembly; the second terminal is exposed out of the shell and is connected with external equipment; the wire harness assembly is also used for sealing the first opening. On the basis that the overall size of the sensor is small, the structural compactness and the connection reliability between the sensor and the cable are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of sensors, and in particular to an acceleration sensor. Background Art

[0002] In the design and manufacturing process of micro accelerometers, especially piezoelectric accelerometers, the sensors usually need to be connected to the external control system through cables to achieve signal output and data acquisition. However, due to the small size of the accelerometer itself, for example, the outer diameter of MEMS sensors is generally between 1 and 5 mm, and the outer diameter of industrial piezoelectric sensors is usually no more than 1 mm. Therefore, achieving reliable cable connection while ensuring a compact size has become a key challenge in current designs.

[0003] Accelerometers are often used in dynamic environments, such as those subject to high-frequency vibration, shock, or moving objects. This places higher demands on the strength and reliability of the connection between the sensor and the cable. Improper connection design can easily lead to poor contact, unstable signals, loose connections, and even signal loss, seriously impacting the sensor's performance stability and measurement accuracy.

[0004] Therefore, how to achieve a reliable connection method with the cable that is compact, firmly connected, and adaptable to dynamic environments while maintaining the miniaturization characteristics of the accelerometer is one of the technical difficulties that urgently need to be solved in the current engineering practice of miniature piezoelectric accelerometers. Summary of the Invention

[0005] The object of the present invention is to provide an acceleration sensor that can achieve a reliable connection between the acceleration sensor and a cable with a compact structure, a firm connection and adaptability to dynamic environments while maintaining the miniaturization characteristics of the acceleration sensor.

[0006] To solve the above technical problems, an embodiment of the present invention provides an acceleration sensor, comprising:

[0007] a housing, wherein the housing has a first cavity therein and a first opening;

[0008] a core support, the core support being disposed in the shell and having a second cavity and a second opening, the second cavity being in communication with the outside through the first opening, and the second cavity being in communication with the first cavity through the second opening;

[0009] Three groups of core components, wherein the three groups of core components are orthogonal to each other, are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the core support, and are located in the shell;

[0010] A wiring harness assembly, wherein two ends of the wiring harness assembly in a length direction are respectively a first wiring terminal and a second wiring terminal;

[0011] The first terminal is used to enter the second cavity from the first opening, and is used to enter the first cavity from the second opening and be electrically connected to each of the core components;

[0012] The second terminal is exposed outside the housing and is used for connecting to an external device;

[0013] The wiring harness assembly is further configured to seal the first opening.

[0014] The present invention provides an acceleration sensor structure that, by providing a dual cavity structure inside the shell, enables the orderly arrangement of the wiring harness assembly within a limited space. Specifically, the wiring harness assembly is introduced through the first opening of the shell, first passes through the second cavity of the core support, then returns to enter the first cavity, and is electrically connected to three groups of core assemblies arranged orthogonally to each other on the outer surface of the core support. While the wiring harness assembly completes the electrical connection, it also seals the first opening, thereby achieving an integrated design of electrical connection and structural sealing without increasing the external volume, which is conducive to maintaining the miniaturization of the overall structure of the acceleration sensor and is suitable for the design requirements of MEMS or micro piezoelectric acceleration sensors.

[0015] Furthermore, because the three core assembly groups are arranged orthogonally in three directions, the angled area between them already contains a certain amount of internal space. This space is effectively utilized in the present invention as a second cavity, thus creating a wiring channel within the sensor to guide and reinforce the wiring harness without adding additional structure, effectively avoiding an increase in sensor size. Furthermore, because part of the wiring harness assembly structure is located within the first and second cavities, not only does it improve the wiring harness's routing stability, but it also provides physical reinforcement through the inner walls of the cavities, thereby enhancing the cable's securement in high-dynamic vibration environments.

[0016] This structure is particularly well-suited for acceleration measurement applications in dynamic vibration environments. The wiring harness assembly forms a compact fit with the housing through its curved path, ensuring a secure connection between the sensor and cable while effectively reducing the risk of loose connections, signal interference, signal instability, or signal loss due to external factors such as vibration and impact, significantly improving sensor reliability. Furthermore, the wiring harness assembly's sealing effect on the first opening helps prevent external moisture, dust, or corrosive substances from invading sensitive internal areas, further ensuring the stability and long-term performance of the piezoelectric sensor's high-impedance signal channel.

[0017] In summary, the present invention achieves structural compactness, connection reliability and environmental adaptability between the sensor and the cable through structural optimization while ensuring the overall size of the sensor is small, and takes into account the ease of assembly and the feasibility of modular production.

[0018] In one embodiment, the wiring harness assembly comprises:

[0019] an insulating block, the insulating block sealing the first opening;

[0020] three conductive rods, each of the conductive rods passing through the insulating block, each of the conductive rods having a first end and a second end in a length direction, the first end being located in the second cavity, and the second end being located outside the housing;

[0021] a first wire group connected to the first end and passing through the second opening into the first cavity to connect to each of the core components;

[0022] A second wire group is connected to the second end.

[0023] In one embodiment, the insulating block is located in the second cavity and is disposed close to the first opening.

[0024] In one embodiment, the insulating block includes: an insulating body and a metal ring fixedly sleeved on the outside of the insulating body, and the metal ring is welded or glued to the inner wall of the second cavity.

[0025] In one embodiment, the conductive rod is pre-embedded during the molding process of the insulating body and is integrally formed with the insulating body.

[0026] In one embodiment, the first wire set is a flexible wire set;

[0027] And\or, the second cavity is a cylindrical cavity;

[0028] and\or, the insulating block and the three conductive rods are insulators;

[0029] and\or, the insulating block is fixedly connected to the conductive rod;

[0030] And\or, the conductive rod is a metal rod, and the metal rod is a copper rod, a composite conductive metal rod, etc.

[0031] In one embodiment, the second cavity is located in the core support, or the shell and the core support are jointly enclosed to form the second cavity.

[0032] In one embodiment, the housing is a six-sided cube;

[0033] The core support is a cube and has a groove thereon. After the core support is arranged in the shell, the groove wall and the inner wall of the shell enclose the second cavity.

[0034] The three core components are respectively arranged on the three outer surfaces of the core support, and the three outer surfaces on which the core components are arranged are adjacent to each other and perpendicular to each other.

[0035] In one embodiment, the wiring harness assembly further includes a nozzle assembly, which is fixed to the housing and sleeved outside the second wire group to fix the second wire group.

[0036] In one embodiment, the mouthpiece assembly comprises:

[0037] a binding ring, the binding ring being bound around the second electric wire group;

[0038] a sealing ring, the sealing ring being arranged on a side of the bundling ring away from the first opening and being sleeved outside the second wire group;

[0039] The nozzle shell is sleeved outside the binding ring and the sealing ring and is fixedly connected to the shell.

[0040] In one embodiment, the housing further comprises

[0041] a shell body, wherein the shell body has the first cavity therein;

[0042] a fixing ring, the fixing ring being disposed on the outer surface of the shell body and being coaxially disposed with the first opening;

[0043] Wherein, the end of the nozzle shell close to the first opening is fixedly connected to the fixing ring.

[0044] In one embodiment, the core assembly comprises:

[0045] A core support, wherein the core support is vertically arranged on the core support;

[0046] A piezoelectric ceramic ring is sleeved outside the core support;

[0047] A mass ring, wherein the mass ring is sleeved outside the piezoelectric ceramic ring;

[0048] The mass ring is electrically connected to the wiring harness assembly, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring is electrically connected to the mass ring.

[0049] In one embodiment, the wiring harness assembly comprises:

[0050] A wiring harness, wherein the two ends of the wiring harness in the longitudinal direction are respectively a first terminal and a second terminal, the first terminal is used to enter the second cavity from the first opening, and is used to enter the first cavity from the second opening and electrically connect to each of the core components; the second terminal is exposed outside the housing and is used to connect to an external device;

[0051] a binding member, the binding member binding the wire harness, and the binding member is located in the second cavity;

[0052] A sealing member is sleeved on the outside of the wiring harness and closes the first opening. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0053] One or more embodiments are exemplarily illustrated by pictures in the corresponding drawings. These exemplifications do not constitute limitations on the embodiments. Elements with the same reference numerals in the drawings are represented as similar elements. Unless otherwise stated, the figures in the drawings do not constitute proportional limitations.

[0054] Reference Signs List

[0055] 1. Accelerometer; 11. Housing; 111. First cavity; 112. First opening; 113. Housing body; 1131. Cover plate; 114. Retaining ring; 12. Core support; 121. Second cavity; 122. Second opening; 123. Groove; 13. Core assembly; 131. Core support; 132. Piezoelectric ceramic ring; 133. Mass ring; 14. Wiring assembly; 141. First terminal; 142. Second terminal; 143. First wire group; 144. Second wire group; 145. Insulating block; 146. Conductive rod; 1461. First end; 1462. Second end; 15. Nozzle assembly; 151. Binding ring; 152. Sealing ring; 153. Nozzle housing; 1531. Bottom plate; 161. Binding ring; 17. Seal; 171. O-ring; 172. Sealing housing;

[0056] Figure 1a This is a schematic structural diagram of an acceleration sensor of the present application;

[0057] Figure 1 This is an exploded view of the acceleration sensor of the present application (hiding the mass ring and piezoelectric ceramic ring);

[0058] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 Cross-sectional view in the AA direction;

[0059] Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the structure of the acceleration sensor with hidden cover, second wire group, and nozzle assembly in the embodiment of the present application;

[0060] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell and the core support after they are combined in the embodiment of the present application;

[0061] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the shell, core support and core support after assembly in the embodiment of the present application, where the three core support pillars are arranged along the X\Y\Z directions respectively;

[0062] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the acceleration sensor in the embodiment of the present application after the cover is hidden;

[0063] Figure 7 yes Figure 1 A cross-sectional view taken along line AA shows another embodiment of the wiring harness assembly. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0064] To make the purpose, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, each embodiment of the present invention will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings. However, those skilled in the art will appreciate that in each embodiment of the present invention, many technical details are provided to help readers better understand the present application. However, even without these technical details and various changes and modifications based on the following embodiments, the technical solutions claimed in the present application can still be implemented.

[0065] In the following description, for the purpose of illustrating the various disclosed embodiments, certain specific details are set forth in order to provide a thorough understanding of the various disclosed embodiments. However, those skilled in the relevant art will recognize that the embodiments may be practiced without one or more of these specific details. In other cases, well-known devices, structures, and techniques associated with this application may not be shown or described in detail to avoid unnecessarily obscuring the description of the embodiments.

[0066] Unless the context requires otherwise, throughout the specification and claims, the word "comprise" and variations such as "include" and "have" should be construed in an open, inclusive sense, that is, should be interpreted to mean "including, but not limited to."

[0067] The following will describe in detail various embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the accompanying drawings to provide a clearer understanding of the objectives, features and advantages of the present invention. It should be understood that the embodiments shown in the accompanying drawings are not intended to limit the scope of the present invention, but are only intended to illustrate the essential spirit of the technical solution of the present invention.

[0068] Reference throughout this specification to "one embodiment" or "an embodiment" means that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in connection with the embodiment is included in at least one embodiment. Thus, the appearances of "in one embodiment" or "in an embodiment" in various places throughout this specification are not necessarily all referring to the same embodiment. Furthermore, the particular features, structures, or characteristics may be combined in any manner in one or more embodiments.

[0069] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the singular forms "a," "an," and "the" include plural referents unless the context clearly dictates otherwise. It should be noted that the term "or" is generally employed in its sense including "and / or" unless the context clearly dictates otherwise.

[0070] In the following description, in order to clearly show the structure and working mode of the present invention, many directional words will be used for description, but words such as "front", "back", "left", "right", "outside", "inside", "outward", "inward", "up", and "down" should be understood as convenient terms and should not be understood as restrictive terms.

[0071] The following is a cable connection solution for an accelerometer.

[0072] like Figure 1a As shown, Figure 1a An acceleration sensor is provided, comprising a sensor body 1', a connector 2' and a cable 3'. The sensor body 1' and the cable 3' are directly connected together via the connector 2', that is, a wire is led out of the sensor body 1', and the connector 2' connects the wire to the cable 3'.

[0073] When the sensor is in a dynamic environment, mechanical vibrations in the external cable 3' are transmitted to the sensor body 1', directly affecting the sensor's core conductors and generating an additional electrical signal. This signal is superimposed on the original acceleration measurement signal, causing at least 10% measurement interference, seriously affecting the sensor's measurement accuracy and reliability.

[0074] Therefore, in order to prevent signal interference, the connector 2' is usually very thick to ensure that the signal between the wires of the sensor body 1' and the external cable 3' will not be interfered with. However, this goes against the trend of miniaturization of sensors, increases the overall size of the sensor, and limits its use in specific narrow or lightweight application scenarios. Figure 1a It can be seen that the size of the connector 2' is basically the same as that of the sensor body 1', or even larger than that of the sensor body 1', which greatly limits its use in specific narrow or lightweight application scenarios, such as in the field of chip detection and other micro fields.

[0075] In addition, using Figure 1a The connection method shown also brings inconvenience to testing and maintenance. The internal core and wire system of the sensor body 1' are extremely sensitive. Once they come into contact with water vapor or particulate matter in the air or move during testing or maintenance, they may cause irreversible damage to the performance of the sensor. Figure 1a The connection method shown can easily allow pollutants, especially water vapor, to enter the internal structure of the sensor body 1 ′, thereby affecting the service life and stability of the sensor.

[0076] At the same time, the method of connecting the cable 3' outside the sensor body 1' may also lead to signal instability, because when the connection between the cable 3' and the sensor body 1' is subjected to a force of 0.02 Newton, it will increase the signal interference of the sensor body 1' by 10%.

[0077] Implementation Method 1

[0078] In order to solve the above technical problems, an acceleration sensor is provided below. The acceleration sensor includes a shell, a core support, three groups of core components and a wiring harness component.

[0079] The shell has a first cavity and a first opening. The core support is arranged in the shell, and the core support has a second cavity and a second opening. The second cavity is connected to the outside through the first opening, and the second cavity is connected to the first cavity through the second opening. The three groups of core components are orthogonal to each other, respectively arranged on the outer surface of the core support, and located in the shell. The two ends of the wiring harness assembly in the longitudinal direction are respectively the first terminal and the second terminal; wherein the first terminal is used to enter the second cavity from the first opening, and is used to enter the first cavity from the second opening, and is electrically connected to each core component; the second terminal is exposed outside the shell and is used to connect to an external device; the wiring harness assembly is also used to seal the first opening.

[0080] In this embodiment, the housing is designed as a six-sided cube, with a first cavity inside to accommodate the core support and core assembly, while the wiring harness assembly is introduced through the first opening. A second cavity and a second opening are provided within the core support to accommodate part of the wiring harness assembly, ensuring that the wiring harness assembly can smoothly enter and connect to the core assembly while maintaining the housing's sealing properties to prevent external interference.

[0081] When acceleration changes, the mass ring exerts pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic ring. This piezoelectric effect is converted into an electrical signal, which is transmitted to an external device via the wiring harness. The design of the second cavity allows the wiring harness to pass freely without external mechanical interference, while the connection between the first and second cavities ensures signal continuity and integrity.

[0082] This design significantly reduces interference caused by cable movement and improves the sensor's measurement accuracy, especially in the low-frequency band (below 10 Hz to as low as 0.5 Hz). It also enhances the sensor's temperature adaptability range, enabling it to operate stably in extreme environments.

[0083] In other embodiments, the shape of the shell and the core support is not limited to a cube, and can be cylindrical, elliptical or other geometric shapes, as long as the orthogonal layout of the core assembly and the effective sealing of the wiring harness assembly can be ensured. The shell and the core support can be integrally formed, or can be assembled after being processed separately.

[0084] In the above-mentioned technical solution, by providing a dual cavity structure within the housing, the wiring harness assembly can be arranged in an orderly manner within a limited space. Specifically, the wiring harness assembly is introduced through the first opening of the housing, first passes through the second cavity of the core support, then returns to enter the first cavity, and is electrically connected to three groups of core assemblies arranged orthogonally to each other on the outer surface of the core support. While completing the electrical connection, the wiring harness assembly also serves to seal the first opening, thereby achieving an integrated design of electrical connection and structural sealing without increasing the external volume. This is conducive to maintaining the miniaturization of the overall structure of the accelerometer and is suitable for the design requirements of MEMS or micro piezoelectric accelerometers.

[0085] Furthermore, because the three core assembly groups are arranged orthogonally in three directions, the angled area between them already contains a certain amount of internal space. This space is effectively utilized as a second cavity in the embodiments of the present invention, thus forming a wiring channel within the sensor to guide and reinforce the wiring harness without adding additional structure, effectively avoiding an increase in sensor size. Furthermore, because part of the wiring harness assembly structure is located within the first and second cavities, not only does it improve the wiring harness's routing stability, but it also provides physical reinforcement through the inner walls of the cavities, thereby enhancing the cable's securement in high-dynamic vibration environments.

[0086] This structure is particularly well-suited for acceleration measurement applications in dynamic vibration environments. The wiring harness assembly forms a compact fit with the housing through its curved path, ensuring a secure connection between the sensor and cable while effectively reducing the risk of loose connections, signal interference, or loss of signal due to external factors such as vibration and impact, significantly improving sensor reliability. Furthermore, the wiring harness assembly's sealing effect on the first opening helps prevent external moisture, dust, or corrosive substances from invading sensitive internal areas, further ensuring the stability and long-term performance of the piezoelectric sensor's high-impedance signal channel.

[0087] In summary, the present invention achieves structural compactness, connection reliability and environmental adaptability between the sensor and the cable through structural optimization while ensuring the overall size of the sensor is small, and takes into account the ease of assembly and the feasibility of modular production.

[0088] Implementation Method 2

[0089] Furthermore, in a possible embodiment, the wiring harness assembly includes an insulating block, three conductive rods, a first wire group and a second wire group, and the insulating block seals the first opening; each conductive rod passes through the insulating block, and the two ends of each conductive rod in the length direction are respectively a first end and a second end, the first end is located in the second cavity, and the second end is located outside the shell; the first wire group is connected to the first end, and passes through the second opening into the first cavity, and is connected to each core assembly; the second wire group is connected to the second end of each conductive rod.

[0090] In one embodiment, the insulating block and the three conductive rods are combined to form an insulator, wherein the outer peripheral surface of the insulating block in the insulator is welded to the inner wall of the second cavity. The insulator structure formed by the insulating block and the conductive rods provides higher electrical isolation performance.

[0091] Insulators are important structural components used to isolate current and prevent electrical signal leakage or short circuits. They are widely used in various electrical and sensor systems. In the acceleration sensor involved in the embodiments of the present invention, the insulator not only performs basic electrical connection and insulation functions but also provides a critical mechanical fixation function. Its main function is to electrically isolate the conductive rod from surrounding metal housings, cables, and other structures, preventing the generation of stray currents and signal interference, and ensuring the stability and purity of the electrical signal within the sensor.

[0092] In previous sensor designs, insulators were typically used for electrical connections, with the primary function being to ensure the isolation and conduction of electrical signals. However, in an embodiment of the present invention, the role of the insulator has been innovatively expanded, not only being limited to electrical connections but also primarily serving as a seal. In this embodiment, the insulator, through its unique structural design, seals a key component of the accelerometer, namely the second cavity, thereby effectively preventing external water vapor, dust, or other contaminants from entering the housing. This function is particularly critical because it protects the sensitive areas of the sensor and prevents the external environment from affecting its performance, especially when operating in complex environments such as high humidity and dust, thereby ensuring the stability and reliability of the accelerometer.

[0093] Furthermore, the insulator's securement to the conductive rod not only enables the rod to transmit electrical signals but also effectively reduces any micro-vibration caused by vibration, further enhancing the purity and stability of signal transmission. This design represents a significant innovation compared to traditional insulators, which are used solely for electrical connection. It breaks with conventional application models and expands the insulator's functionality to encompass both sealing and protection. Therefore, in this invention, the insulator not only provides electrical isolation and structural fixation, but also performs a sealing function to prevent the ingress of external contaminants, significantly improving the sensor's reliability and operating life in complex environments.

[0094] In addition to the embodiment in which the insulating block can be an insulator, in another embodiment, the insulating block can also include: an insulating body and a metal ring fixedly sleeved outside the insulating body, and the metal ring is welded to the inner wall of the second cavity.

[0095] When the insulating block includes an insulating body and a metal ring, the conductive rod is pre-embedded during the molding process of the insulating body and is integrally formed with the insulating body. The addition of the metal ring strengthens the mechanical fixation of the insulating block and improves the long-term stability and reliability of the sensor.

[0096] Specifically, the insulating body can be made of sintered glass or sintered ceramic, or plastic injection molded. It secures the conductive rod and provides both mechanical and electrical isolation. One end of the conductive rod is connected to the internal core assembly, and the other end is connected to the external cable, ensuring accurate transmission of the charge signal. The first and second wire groups are connected to different ends of the conductive rod, respectively, enabling internal and external signal transmission.

[0097] The combination of insulating blocks and conductive rods utilizes the insulating properties of sintered glass and the good conductivity of metal conductive rods, ensuring that the transmission of electrical signals is not affected by cable movement. At the same time, the mechanical strength of sintered glass can withstand the pulling of cables without displacement.

[0098] This design greatly reduces the interference of external cable movement on the internal signal of the sensor, reducing the interference signal from more than 10% to less than 1%, significantly improving signal quality and measurement accuracy.

[0099] In other embodiments, the insulating block may be made of other high-insulation materials, such as ceramic or plastic, as long as the requirements of electrical insulation and mechanical strength are met.

[0100] Implementation 3

[0101] Furthermore, the insulating block is located in the second cavity and is arranged close to the first opening.

[0102] Positioning the insulating block close to the first opening helps to reduce the length of the wiring harness assembly, simplify the internal structure of the sensor, and facilitate assembly of the sensor and subsequent maintenance operations.

[0103] This positioning of the insulating block ensures that the wiring harness assembly can be quickly secured when entering the sensor, reducing potential sources of interference in the signal transmission path and also helping to improve the overall sealing performance of the sensor.

[0104] The signal transmission path is shortened, signal attenuation and noise introduction are reduced, and the response speed and measurement accuracy of the sensor are improved.

[0105] In other embodiments, the position of the insulating block can be adjusted according to the specific design and application requirements of the sensor, and does not necessarily have to be adjacent to the first opening, as long as it can ensure stable fixation and effective isolation of the wiring harness assembly.

[0106] Implementation 4

[0107] Further, the first wire group is a flexible wire group; and\or, the second cavity is a cylindrical cavity;

[0108] In Examples 1 to 4 of the present invention, the first wire assembly preferably utilizes flexible wires. Due to their excellent bending compliance, the flexible wire assembly can effectively buffer the mechanical forces caused by cable movement in the dynamic environment within the sensor, thereby reducing the internal stress caused by cable rigidity. This design prevents the cable from transmitting stress in non-acceleration directions to the piezoelectric component during vibration or impact, effectively preventing false signals or noise caused by additional stress disturbances, and improving signal purity at the source.

[0109] In order to achieve a stable layout of the wiring harness assembly, the second cavity is preferably designed to be cylindrical. The cylindrical cavity not only facilitates the neat arrangement of the flexible wire group within a limited space, but also has a regular inner wall shape, which helps to reduce the relative displacement and crossing between the wires, thereby reducing the risk of crosstalk between different wires and further improving the accuracy and consistency of signal transmission. Of course, in other embodiments, the shape of the second cavity can also be optimized and adjusted according to the actual assembly process, such as an elliptical or irregular shape, as long as it can meet the arrangement and constraint requirements of the wiring harness.

[0110] To achieve higher electrical signal integrity, the structure also incorporates an insulator. These insulators can be made of high-insulation materials such as glass, ceramic, or injection-molded plastic, with the conductive rod pre-embedded within them, creating a component that both electrically insulates and maintains stable mechanical fixation. This prevents external electromagnetic interference from entering the signal transmission path. Furthermore, because the insulating block securely encases the conductive rod and secures it within the second cavity, it also suppresses micro-movements caused by external cable vibration, fundamentally reducing signal disturbances and electrical noise caused by wire oscillation.

[0111] Furthermore, in another embodiment, when the insulating block comprises an insulating body and a metal ring fixedly mounted on the insulating body, the insulating block is tightly secured to the inner wall of the second cavity by welding, i.e., fixed within the core support, thereby sealing the second cavity. This metal ring not only provides a mechanical support point, effectively preventing the conductive rod from loosening or falling off due to long-term vibration or thermal expansion and contraction, but also enhances the overall vibration resistance between the conductive structure and the housing, further improving the environmental adaptability and durability of the sensor.

[0112] In summary, the coordinated design of the flexible wire group, regular cavity shape, insulator structure, and metal fixing ring not only achieves high stability and anti-interference capability of the signal path, but also makes the entire sensor structure more compact and reliable, making it suitable for high-precision acceleration measurement tasks in high-frequency vibration, strong electromagnetic interference, high humidity, or complex mechanical environments.

[0113] In other embodiments, the first wire group may use other types of wires, such as rigid wires or braided wires, to suit different application scenarios. The shape of the second cavity may also be adjusted according to actual needs, such as circular or irregular shapes, as long as it can meet the installation requirements of the wiring harness assembly.

[0114] Implementation 5

[0115] Furthermore, the second cavity is located in the core support, or the shell and the core support together enclose the second cavity.

[0116] The position design of the second cavity can be completely located inside the core support, or it can be composed of the shell and the core support, which depends on the utilization efficiency of the internal space of the sensor and the layout requirements of the wiring harness assembly.

[0117] Regardless of the specific location of the second cavity, its core function is to provide a controlled passage for the wiring harness assembly, ensuring the correct routing and electrical connection of the signal lines while providing necessary mechanical protection and isolation.

[0118] The internal structure design of the sensor is more flexible, and the position of the second cavity can be adjusted according to specific applications, thereby optimizing the overall performance and reliability of the sensor.

[0119] In other embodiments, the second cavity may be formed in various ways, such as by adding a partition or designing the shell into a double-layer structure, as long as the passage and isolation requirements of the wiring harness assembly can be met.

[0120] Implementation Method 6

[0121] Furthermore, the shell is a six-sided cube; the core support is a cube and has a groove on the core support. After the core support is installed in the shell, the groove wall and the inner wall of the shell enclose a second cavity; wherein the three core components are respectively arranged on the three outer surfaces of the core support, and the three outer surfaces provided with the core components are adjacent to each other and perpendicular to each other. Specifically, the groove can be an arc groove or a rectangular groove.

[0122] Both the shell and the core support are designed in a cubic form to provide a stable packaging structure. The groove is set to form a second cavity for the passage and fixation of the wiring harness assembly, while ensuring that the three core assemblies can be arranged orthogonally to detect acceleration in the XYZ directions respectively.

[0123] The cubic structure provides uniform pressure distribution, facilitating consistent sensor response in all directions. Specifically, it provides the foundation for three orthogonal core support columns, ensuring consistent frequency response in all three directions. The recessed design of the core supports allows for a tighter fit between the second cavity and the housing, enhancing the seal and mechanical strength of the entire sensor. This, in turn, ensures the orthogonal layout of the core components, improving the decoupling capability of multi-dimensional acceleration signals.

[0124] The structural strength and sealing performance of the sensor have been improved, and the measurement accuracy and response speed have also been optimized. Especially in low-frequency and high-temperature environments, its performance is even better.

[0125] In other embodiments, the shape of the shell and the core support may be other polyhedrons, such as an octahedron or a dodecahedron, as long as the orthogonal layout of the core assembly and the sealing of the sensor can be ensured.

[0126] Implementation 7

[0127] Furthermore, in another embodiment, in addition to adopting the structures of the above-mentioned embodiments, the wiring harness assembly can also alternatively adopt the following structure. Specifically, the wiring harness assembly includes a nozzle assembly, which is fixed on the shell and is sleeved on the outside of the second wire group to fix the second wire group.

[0128] The addition of the nozzle assembly is mainly to further fix and protect the second wire group, ensure its stable connection outside the sensor, and provide additional sealing and protection.

[0129] The nozzle assembly is connected to the shell through a fixing ring, forming a stable anchor point to prevent the second wire group from being pulled and vibrated in the external environment. At the same time, the sealing ring inside the nozzle assembly can effectively prevent the intrusion of water vapor and dust, keeping the inside of the sensor clean and dry.

[0130] The sensor's external interface is more robust, signal transmission is more stable and reliable, and the sensor's environmental adaptability is enhanced, making it suitable for measurement tasks under various harsh conditions.

[0131] In other embodiments, the nozzle assembly can be designed as a detachable structure to facilitate cable replacement or maintenance. Other forms of fixing and sealing mechanisms, such as snap-on or threaded connectors, can also be used to adapt to different application requirements.

[0132] Implementation 8

[0133] Furthermore, the nozzle assembly includes a binding ring, which is bound to the outside of the second wire group; a sealing ring, which is arranged on the side of the binding ring away from the first opening and is sleeved on the outside of the second wire group; and a nozzle shell, which is sleeved outside the binding ring and the sealing ring and fixedly connected to the shell.

[0134] The tying ring is used to fix the second wire group to prevent it from moving outside the sensor; the sealing ring is used to provide a waterproof and dustproof barrier to protect the inside of the sensor from being affected by the external environment; the nozzle shell connects the tying ring, sealing ring and shell into one to form a complete external interface structure.

[0135] The elastic properties of the binding ring tightly wrap the second cable assembly, ensuring stability even under severe vibration. The sealing ring utilizes its ability to compress and deform to form a tight seal, effectively blocking out moisture and dust. The fixed connection of the nozzle shell ensures the structural strength of the entire external interface and provides an additional measure of protection.

[0136] The sensor's external interface structure is more robust and has stronger sealing performance, which can effectively resist the influence of various harsh environments, extend the service life of the sensor, and improve its reliability in field operations or industrial environments.

[0137] Implementation Method 9

[0138] Furthermore, the shell also includes a shell body, which has a first cavity therein; a fixing ring, which is arranged on the outer surface of the shell body and coaxially arranged with the first opening; wherein, the mouthpiece shell is fixedly connected to the fixing ring at one end near the first opening.

[0139] A first cavity is provided in the shell body for accommodating the main parts of the core assembly and the wiring harness assembly. The setting of the fixing ring is to provide a stable connection point to tightly fix the nozzle shell and the shell together to ensure stable access of external cables.

[0140] The design of the shell body takes into account the layout and space requirements of the sensor's internal components, while the coaxial setting of the fixing ring ensures precise alignment between the nozzle shell and the housing, reducing signal interference caused by installation deviation.

[0141] The external connection of the sensor is more secure and the signal transmission is more stable. At the same time, the assembly process of the sensor is simplified and the production cost is reduced.

[0142] In other embodiments, the structure of the housing may be more complex, for example, by adding a built-in temperature compensation circuit or a built-in signal amplifier to improve the measurement accuracy and signal processing capability of the sensor.

[0143] Implementation 10

[0144] Furthermore, the core assembly includes a core support, a piezoelectric ceramic ring and a mass ring, the core support is vertically arranged on the core support; the piezoelectric ceramic ring is sleeved outside the core support; the mass ring is sleeved outside the piezoelectric ceramic ring; wherein, the mass ring is electrically connected to the wiring harness assembly, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring is electrically connected to the mass ring.

[0145] The core pillars are used to support the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the mass ring to form a stable sensing structure. The piezoelectric ceramic ring generates an electric charge under the action of acceleration and transmits it to the external device through the wiring harness assembly. The mass distribution of the mass ring determines the sensitivity and response characteristics of the sensor.

[0146] When acceleration changes, the mass ring exerts pressure on the piezoelectric ceramic ring, triggering the piezoelectric effect and converting mechanical energy into an electrical signal. The electrical connection between the piezoelectric ceramic ring and the wiring assembly ensures fast signal transmission, while the presence of the core support ensures the stable positioning of the core assembly within the housing, preventing measurement errors caused by mechanical vibration.

[0147] The sensor's measurement accuracy and response speed have been significantly improved, especially in low-frequency and high-temperature environments, and its performance has become more stable and reliable.

[0148] In other embodiments, the structure of the core assembly can be more complex, such as adding multiple piezoelectric ceramic rings or using composite piezoelectric materials to improve the dynamic range and frequency response characteristics of the sensor. In short, the structure of the core assembly can be varied and is not specifically limited here.

[0149] Implementation 11

[0150] Furthermore, in another embodiment, the wiring harness assembly may also include a wiring harness, a binding member and a sealing member, with the two ends of the wiring harness in the length direction being a first terminal and a second terminal respectively. The first terminal is used to enter the second cavity from the first opening, and to enter the first cavity from the second opening, and to be electrically connected to each core assembly; the second terminal is exposed outside the shell and is used to connect to an external device; the binding member binds the wiring harness, and the binding member is located in the second cavity; the sealing member is sleeved outside the wiring harness and closes the first opening.

[0151] The wiring harness in the wiring harness assembly is responsible for signal transmission, and its two ends are respectively connected to the core assembly inside the sensor and the external device; the bundling piece is used to fix the wiring harness when it enters the second cavity to prevent the wiring harness from moving inside the sensor; the sealing piece is used to close the first opening to keep the sensor sealed.

[0152] The wiring harness passes through the first opening and the second opening to achieve electrical connection between the inside and outside of the sensor, while the coordinated use of the binding member and the sealing member ensures the sealing of the sensor and the stability of the wiring harness, avoiding interference of external environmental factors on the internal circuit of the sensor.

[0153] The sensor's signal transmission is more stable and its sealing performance is stronger. It can adapt to measurement needs in various harsh environments, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the sensor.

[0154] In other embodiments, the structure of the wiring harness assembly can be further optimized, such as by adding a built-in signal conditioning circuit or adopting wireless transmission technology to reduce the use of cables and improve the portability and ease of use of the sensor.

[0155] When the sensor is operating, changes in external acceleration first cause the mass ring to produce corresponding pressure changes on the piezoelectric ceramic ring. This change is sensed by the piezoelectric ceramic ring and converted into a charge signal. The charge signal is then transmitted via the first internal wire set to the conductive rod on the insulator. From there, it is conducted to the second external wire set and ultimately transmitted to an external device for signal processing and data analysis. Throughout this process, the insulator plays a critical role in isolation, ensuring that signal transmission is not affected by external cable movement. The combined use of the nozzle assembly and seal maintains the sensor's sealed state, preventing interference from external environmental factors. This design enables the sensor to measure acceleration signals stably and accurately, even in complex environments.

[0156] The structure of the acceleration sensor is described below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0157] Figure 1 An exploded view of the acceleration sensor of the present application is shown, in which the mass ring and the piezoelectric ceramic ring are hidden to clearly show the other components of the sensor. Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the acceleration sensor 1 along the AA direction reveals the internal structure and connection details.

[0158] from Figure 1 and Figure 2 It can be seen that the acceleration sensor 1 is composed of multiple key components: the shell 11 serves as the external package of the entire sensor, the shell includes a shell body 113 and a cover 1131, a first cavity 111 is formed inside the shell body 113, and there is a first opening 112 on the shell 11 for the passage of the wiring harness assembly 14. The core support 12 is placed in the first cavity 111 in the shell 11, and the core support 12 has a second cavity 121. The second cavity 121 communicates with the outside world through the first opening 112, and is also connected to the first cavity 111 through the second opening 122, thereby forming an internally connected structure. Preferably, the second cavity 121 can be a cylindrical cavity.

[0159] The wiring harness assembly 14 includes an insulating block 145, three conductive rods 146, a first wire group 143, and a second wire group 144. The insulating block 145 seals the first opening 112. Each conductive rod 146 extends through the insulating block 146, with a first end 1461 and a second end 1462 at its longitudinal ends. The first end 1461 of the conductive rod 146 is located within the second cavity 121, while the second end 1462 of the conductive rod 146 is located outside the housing 11. The first wire group 143 is connected to the first end 1461 of the conductive rod 146, passes through the second opening 122, enters the first cavity 111, and connects to each core assembly 13. The second wire group 144 is connected to the second end 1462 of the conductive rod 146. Preferably, the first wire group can be a flexible wire group.

[0160] The first wire group 143 and the second wire group 144 in the wiring harness assembly 14 are connected to the first terminal 141 and the second terminal 142 respectively. Their directions inside the sensor are specially designed to adapt to the compact layout of the sensor. The wiring harness assembly 14 is not only responsible for the electrical connection between the sensor and external devices, but also seals the first opening 112 to ensure the waterproof and dustproof performance of the sensor. Figure 1 From the perspective of , the AA direction cross-sectional view shown will show more detailed internal structure and connection methods.

[0161] Figure 2 yes Figure 1 The cross-sectional view of the acceleration sensor 1 along the AA direction reveals the internal structure and connection details. Figure 2As can be seen in FIG, the first cavity 111 is the internal space of the shell 11, the core support 12 is embedded in it, and the second cavity 121 is in the core support and is connected to the first cavity 111 through the second opening 122. The first terminal 141 of the harness assembly 14 enters the second cavity 121 from the first opening 112, and then enters the first cavity 111 through the second opening 122, thereby connecting with the core assembly 13 (such as Figure 6 At the same time, the second terminal 142 is placed outside the housing 11 to facilitate electrical connection with external equipment.

[0162] Specifically, such as Figure 2 As shown, each conductive rod 146 includes a first end 1461 and a second end 1462. First end 1461 is located within second cavity 121, while second end 1462 extends outside housing 11, providing internal and external electrical connections, respectively. The design of second cavity 121 and the positioning of insulating block 145 ensure a reliable and leak-tight electrical connection.

[0163] Furthermore, the wiring harness assembly 14 further includes a nozzle assembly 15 . The nozzle assembly 15 is fixed to the housing 11 and sleeved outside the second wire set 144 to fix the second wire set 144 .

[0164] The nozzle assembly 15 is added mainly to further fix and protect the second wire set 144, ensure its stable connection outside the sensor, and provide additional sealing and protection.

[0165] The nozzle assembly 15 is connected to the housing 11 through the fixing ring 114, forming a stable anchor point to prevent the second wire group 144 from being pulled and vibrated in the external environment. At the same time, the sealing ring 152 inside the nozzle assembly 15 can effectively prevent the intrusion of water vapor and dust, keeping the inside of the sensor clean and dry.

[0166] The sensor's external interface is more robust, signal transmission is more stable and reliable, and the sensor's environmental adaptability is enhanced, making it suitable for measurement tasks under various harsh conditions.

[0167] In other embodiments, the nozzle assembly 15 can be designed as a detachable structure to facilitate cable replacement or maintenance. Other forms of fixing and sealing mechanisms, such as snap-on or threaded connectors, can also be used to adapt to different application requirements.

[0168] Furthermore, the nozzle assembly 15 includes a binding ring 151, which is tied to the outside of the second wire group 144; a sealing ring 152, which is set on the side of the binding ring 151 away from the first opening 112 and is sleeved on the outside of the second wire group 144; and a nozzle shell 153, which is sleeved outside the binding ring and the sealing ring 152 and fixedly connected to the housing 11.

[0169] The binding ring 151 is used to fix the second wire group 144 to prevent it from moving outside the sensor; the sealing ring 152 is used to provide a waterproof and dustproof barrier to protect the interior of the sensor from being affected by the external environment; the nozzle shell 153 connects the binding ring 151, the sealing ring 152 and the shell 11 into one, forming a complete external interface structure.

[0170] The binding ring 151 is elastic and, through its elastic properties, tightly wraps the second wire assembly 144, maintaining cable stability even under severe vibration. The sealing ring 152 utilizes its ability to compress and deform to form a tight seal, effectively blocking moisture and dust. The fixed connection of the nozzle shell 153 ensures the structural strength of the entire external interface and provides additional protection.

[0171] The sensor's external interface structure is more robust and has stronger sealing performance, which can effectively resist the influence of various harsh environments, extend the service life of the sensor, and improve its reliability in field operations or industrial environments.

[0172] Figure 3 , which is a schematic structural diagram of the acceleration sensor 1 after the cover plate 1131 , the second wire set 144 and the nozzle assembly 15 are hidden. Figure 3 The focus is on revealing the location of the insulating block 145. Figure 2 and Figure 3 It can be seen that the insulating block 145 is fixed in the second cavity 121 , facing the first opening 112 , thereby ensuring the sealing of the first opening 112 . The three conductive rods 146 all pass through the insulating block 145 .

[0173] Furthermore, the insulating block 145 includes an insulating body and a metal ring fixedly mounted on the outer surface of the insulating body. The metal ring is fixedly connected to the inner wall of the second cavity 121, for example, by welding or gluing the metal ring to the inner wall of the second cavity 121. The addition of the metal ring strengthens the mechanical fixation of the insulating block 145, improving the long-term stability and reliability of the sensor. In one possible embodiment, the insulating block 145 and three conductive rods 146 can form an insulator. This insulator structure formed by the insulating block 145 and the conductive rods 146 provides higher electrical isolation performance.

[0174] The insulating block 145 is fixedly connected in the second cavity 121, for example, welded in the second cavity 121, and can also form an effective sealing barrier in the structure to prevent water vapor or moisture from entering the first cavity 111 of the shell 11, thereby avoiding moisture erosion of the core components and affecting the performance of the acceleration sensor 1, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the system in complex environments.

[0175] In a possible embodiment, the insulating body may be a glass block. During the sintering process of the glass block, the conductive rod 146 is pre-inserted into the glass block. Therefore, when the glass block solidifies, the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145 are firmly fixed together.

[0176] In one possible embodiment, the insulating body can also be a ceramic block or a plastic block. During the sintering process of the ceramic block, the conductive rod 146 is pre-inserted into the ceramic blank. After the ceramic block is sintered, the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145 are also firmly fixed together. During the injection molding of the plastic block, the conductive rod 146 can also be pre-placed into the mold, so that the insulating body and the conductive rod 146 are integrally injection molded.

[0177] In addition, in a possible embodiment, the conductive rod 146 is a metal rod, such as a copper rod, a copper alloy rod, a stainless steel rod, or a gold-plated copper or gold-plated copper alloy rod, etc.

[0178] In the structure provided by the embodiment of the present invention, the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145 are fixed in an integrally formed manner, and have significant structural stability and anti-interference capabilities.

[0179] First, the conductive rod 146 is pre-embedded during the molding process of the insulating block 145. Whether it is sintering of a glass block, sintering of a ceramic block, or injection molding of a plastic block, a highly firm bond between the conductive rod 146 and the insulating body can be achieved, thereby avoiding the loose contact problem that is prone to occur in traditional plug-in or gluing methods, and ensuring that it is not prone to micro-movement during the operation of the sensor.

[0180] Secondly, this structure significantly improves its ability to resist vibration interference. Because the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145 are an integrated structure, there is no micro-vibration disturbance caused by mechanical looseness in traditional splicing methods. This effectively reduces vibration-induced micro-noise or electrical contact instability, making it particularly suitable for the use requirements of the miniature piezoelectric accelerometer 1 in vibration testing scenarios.

[0181] Third, the conductive rod 146 is further installed in the second cavity 121 through the insulating block 145. The insulating block 145 is welded to the cavity structure to form a solid positioning. This rigid fixation method makes the conductive rod 146 less likely to resonate or jitter under vibration or impact loads, thereby significantly reducing mechanical coupling interference during signal transmission and improving overall signal stability.

[0182] From the perspective of external force disturbance suppression, when using a traditional cable directly to connect the sensor's main structure, even a minimal external force of 0.02N can cause up to 10% signal interference. The fastening structure of the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145 in the present invention effectively absorbs and buffers the conduction of external disturbances to the sensor electrode path, providing mechanical decoupling and significantly reducing stress-induced electrical noise. At the same time, the insulating block 145 is securely (e.g., welded or glued) within the second cavity 121, forming an effective structural sealing barrier that prevents water vapor or moisture from entering the first cavity 111 of the housing 11, thereby preventing moisture from corroding the core assembly and affecting the performance of the acceleration sensor 1, thereby improving the long-term reliability of the system in complex environments.

[0183] Fourth, the material of the insulating block 145 itself, such as glass, ceramic or high-performance plastic, has excellent electrical insulation performance, high temperature resistance and moisture resistance, and can effectively suppress the influence of external moisture, electromagnetic interference or temperature fluctuations on the signal path of the conductive rod 146, thereby ensuring the stable output of weak current signals.

[0184] In summary, through the one-piece molding design between the conductive rod 146 and the insulating block 145, and the structural fixing position and sealing function of the insulating block 145 in the second cavity 121, the embodiment of the present invention still achieves excellent anti-vibration, anti-interference, anti-noise, moisture-proof sealing and signal stability under the condition of limited size of the microsensor. The overall structure is compact and reliable, and is particularly suitable for high-precision acceleration measurement applications in dynamic environments.

[0185] in addition, Figure 4 What is shown is a schematic diagram of the structure after the shell 11 and the core support 12 are assembled, specifically showing the first cavity 111 and the first opening 112. Specifically, the shell 11 has a first cavity 111, and the core support 12 has a second cavity 121. When the assembly is completed, the second cavity 121 is connected to the outside world through the first opening 112, and is also connected to the first cavity 111 through the second opening 122, forming a connecting channel inside the acceleration sensor 1. In this embodiment, the core support 12 has a groove 123. The groove 123 of the core support 12 and the inner wall of the shell 11 together constitute the second cavity 121. This design not only optimizes the internal space layout of the sensor, but also enhances the structural stability of the sensor. Of course, in some embodiments, the second cavity 121 can also be completely set in the core support 12.

[0186] exist Figure 5In the figure, the accelerometer 1 is shown assembled with a housing 11, a core support 12, and three core assemblies 13 evenly distributed on the outer surface of the core support. These three core assemblies 13 are arranged in the X, Y, and Z directions, demonstrating the sensor's ability to sense acceleration in orthogonal directions. Core struts 131 are part of the core assembly 13 and are perpendicular to the surface of the core support 12. This layout ensures comprehensive acceleration monitoring in three dimensions, which is valuable for analyzing the multi-directional vibration characteristics of dynamic systems.

[0187] Figure 6 In the figure, the cover 1131 of the acceleration sensor 1 is hidden to more intuitively show the internal structure of the sensor. As can be seen in the figure, the core assembly 13 includes: a core support 131, a piezoelectric ceramic ring 132 and a mass ring 133.

[0188] Specifically, the piezoelectric ceramic ring 132 is sleeved on the core support 131, and the mass ring 133 is located outside the piezoelectric ceramic ring 132. The first wire group 143 of the wiring harness assembly 14 is electrically connected to the mass ring 133, and the outer surface of the mass ring 133 is electrically connected to the piezoelectric ceramic ring 132, thereby realizing the transmission of electrical signals.

[0189] Figure 7 Shown Figure 1 The sectional view along the AA direction shows another embodiment of the wiring harness assembly 4. In this embodiment, except for the difference between the wiring harness assembly 4 and the above embodiments, the other structures are basically the same. As can be seen in the figure, the wiring harness assembly 14 includes a wiring harness, a binding member, and a sealing member 17. The two ends of the wiring harness in the longitudinal direction are respectively a first terminal 141 and a second terminal 142. The first terminal 141 is used to enter the second cavity 121 through the first opening 112 and is used to enter the first cavity 111 through the second opening 122 and electrically connect to each core assembly 13; the second terminal 142 is exposed outside the housing 11 and is used to connect to external equipment; the binding member binds the wiring harness and is located in the second cavity 121; the sealing member 17 is installed outside the wiring harness and closes the first opening 112.

[0190] The wiring harness in the wiring harness assembly 14 is responsible for signal transmission, and its two ends are respectively connected to the core assembly 13 inside the sensor and the external device; the bundling piece is used to fix the wiring harness when it enters the second cavity 121 to prevent the wiring harness from moving inside the sensor; the sealing piece 17 is used to close the first opening 112 to keep the sensor in a sealed state.

[0191] The wiring harness passes through the first opening 112 and the second opening 122 to achieve electrical connection between the inside and outside of the sensor, and the combined use of the binding member and the seal 17 ensures the sealing of the sensor and the stability of the wiring harness, avoiding interference of external environmental factors on the internal circuit of the sensor.

[0192] The sensor's signal transmission is more stable and its sealing performance is stronger. It can adapt to measurement needs in various harsh environments, thereby improving the reliability and service life of the sensor.

[0193] In other embodiments, the structure of the wiring harness assembly 14 can be further optimized, for example, by adding a built-in signal conditioning circuit or adopting wireless transmission technology to reduce the use of cables and improve the portability and usability of the sensor.

[0194] Specifically, the wiring harness includes: a first wire group 143 and a second wire group 144, one end of the first wire group 143 is located in the second cavity 121, and the other end passes through the second opening 122 into the second cavity 121 and is electrically connected to each core component 13; one end of the second wire group 144 is located in the second cavity 121 and is electrically connected to the first wire group 143, and the other end is exposed outside the shell 11; wherein, the bundling piece is bundled outside the second wire group 144.

[0195] In addition, specifically, the seal 17 includes: an O-ring 171 and a sealing shell 172, the O-ring 171 is sleeved on the outside of the wiring harness and tightens the wiring harness; the sealing shell 172 is pressed on the outside of the sealing ring 152 and presses the sealing ring 152; wherein, the sealing shell 172 is fixed to the inner surface of the fixing ring 114 to seal the first opening 112.

[0196] In summary, in the above technical solution, by providing a double cavity structure inside the shell 11, the wiring harness assembly 14 can be arranged in an orderly manner within a limited space. Specifically, the wiring harness assembly 14 is introduced through the first opening 112 of the shell 11, first passes through the second cavity 121 of the core support 12, then returns to enter the first cavity 111, and is electrically connected to the three groups of core assemblies 13 arranged orthogonally to each other on the outer surface of the core support 12. While the wiring harness assembly 14 completes the electrical connection, it also seals the first opening 112, thereby achieving an integrated design of electrical connection and structural sealing without increasing the external volume, which is conducive to maintaining the miniaturization of the overall structure of the acceleration sensor 1 and is suitable for the design requirements of MEMS or micro piezoelectric acceleration sensors 1.

[0197] Furthermore, because the three core components 13 are arranged orthogonally in three directions, the angled area between them already contains a certain amount of internal space. This space is effectively utilized as the second cavity 121 in this embodiment of the present invention. This allows for the formation of a wiring channel within the sensor to guide and reinforce the wiring harness without the need for additional structure, effectively avoiding an increase in sensor size. Furthermore, because part of the wiring harness assembly 14 is located within the first and second cavities 111, 121, not only does this improve the wiring harness's stability, but it also allows for physical reinforcement of the cavity walls, thereby enhancing cable retention in highly dynamic vibration environments.

[0198] This structure is particularly well-suited for acceleration measurement applications in dynamic vibration environments. The wiring harness assembly 14 forms a compact fit with the housing 11 through its curved path, ensuring a secure connection between the sensor and the cable while effectively reducing the risk of loose connections, signal interference, or loss of signal due to external factors such as vibration and impact, significantly improving the sensor's operational reliability. Furthermore, the sealing effect of the wiring harness assembly 14 on the first opening 112 helps prevent external moisture, dust, or corrosive substances from invading sensitive internal areas, further ensuring the stability and long-term operational performance of the piezoelectric sensor's high-impedance signal channel.

[0199] In summary, this invention achieves structural optimization while maintaining a compact sensor overall size, achieving compactness, connection reliability, and environmental adaptability between the sensor and cable, while also balancing assembly simplicity and modular production feasibility. This innovative layout significantly improves the sensor's reliability in complex environments, providing accurate and stable data acquisition capabilities for vibration monitoring and dynamic analysis applications, thereby promoting the development and progress of related technologies.

[0200] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the above embodiments are specific embodiments for implementing the present invention, and that in actual applications, various changes may be made thereto in form and detail without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An acceleration sensor, characterized in that The acceleration sensor comprises: a housing, wherein the housing has a first cavity therein and a first opening; a core support, the core support being disposed in the shell and having a second cavity and a second opening, the second cavity being in communication with the outside through the first opening, and the second cavity being in communication with the first cavity through the second opening; Three groups of core components, wherein the three groups of core components are orthogonal to each other, are respectively arranged on the outer surface of the core support, and are located in the shell; A wiring harness assembly, wherein two ends of the wiring harness assembly in a length direction are respectively a first wiring terminal and a second wiring terminal; The first terminal is used to enter the second cavity from the first opening, and is used to enter the first cavity from the second opening and be electrically connected to each of the core components; The second terminal is exposed outside the housing and is used for connecting to an external device; The wiring harness assembly is further configured to seal the first opening.

2. The acceleration sensor according to claim 1, wherein The wiring harness assembly comprises: an insulating block, the insulating block sealing the first opening; three conductive rods, each of the conductive rods passing through the insulating block, each of the conductive rods having a first end and a second end in a length direction, the first end being located in the second cavity, and the second end being located outside the housing; a first wire group connected to the first end and passing through the second opening into the first cavity to connect to each of the core components; A second wire group is connected to the second end.

3. The acceleration sensor according to claim 2, wherein: The insulating block includes an insulating body and a metal ring fixedly sleeved on the outside of the insulating body, and the metal ring is welded or glued to the inner wall of the second cavity.

4. The acceleration sensor according to claim 3, wherein: The conductive rod is pre-embedded during the molding process of the insulating body and is integrally formed with the insulating body.

5. The acceleration sensor according to claim 2, wherein: The first wire group is a flexible wire group; and\or, the second cavity is a cylindrical cavity; and\or, the insulating block and the three conductive rods are insulators; and\or, the insulating block is fixedly connected to the conductive rod; And\or, the conductive rod is a metal rod; And\or, the insulating block is located in the second cavity and is arranged close to the first opening. The acceleration sensor according to claim 1 , wherein: The second cavity is located in the core support, or the shell and the core support are jointly enclosed to form the second cavity.

7. The acceleration sensor according to claim 1, wherein: The shell is a six-sided cube; The core support is a cube and has a groove thereon. After the core support is arranged in the shell, the groove wall and the inner wall of the shell enclose the second cavity. The three core components are respectively arranged on the three outer surfaces of the core support, and the three outer surfaces on which the core components are arranged are adjacent to each other and perpendicular to each other.

8. The acceleration sensor according to claim 2, wherein: The wiring harness assembly further includes a nozzle assembly, which is fixed on the housing and sleeved outside the second wire group for fixing the second wire group.

9. The acceleration sensor according to claim 8, wherein: The nozzle assembly comprises: a binding ring, the binding ring being bound around the second electric wire group; a sealing ring, the sealing ring being arranged on a side of the bundling ring away from the first opening and being sleeved outside the second wire group; The nozzle shell is sleeved outside the binding ring and the sealing ring and is fixedly connected to the shell.

10. The acceleration sensor according to claim 9, wherein: The housing further includes a shell body, wherein the shell body has the first cavity therein; a fixing ring, the fixing ring being disposed on the outer surface of the shell body and being coaxially disposed with the first opening; Wherein, the end of the nozzle shell close to the first opening is fixedly connected to the fixing ring.

11. The acceleration sensor according to claim 1, wherein The core assembly comprises: A core support, wherein the core support is vertically arranged on the core support; A piezoelectric ceramic ring is sleeved outside the core support; A mass ring, wherein the mass ring is sleeved outside the piezoelectric ceramic ring; The mass ring is electrically connected to the wiring harness assembly, and the piezoelectric ceramic ring is electrically connected to the mass ring.

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