Precise copper flat wire production method and equipment

Abstract

The invention is suitable for the technical field of copper flat wire production, and particularly relates to a precise copper flat wire production method and equipment. Detecting magnetic reaction information of the copper flat wire; determining a flow velocity uniformity level according to the magnetic reaction information; and obtaining adjustment information according to the flow velocity uniformity level and the variable quantity of the flow velocity uniformity level. According to the method, the ferromagnetic metal particles are embedded, the copper rod blank is positioned and marked, the marking method cannot be damaged by high temperature and high pressure, then magnetic reaction information is detected, distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire is determined, and the flow velocity uniformity degree of the copper material in the extrusion process is obtained through the marking and mark detecting method. Further, the precise copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted, so that the flow velocity uniformity and the change rate of the flow velocity uniformity of the copper materials at different positions in the extrusion process are kept in a normal range, and the problem that the copper flat wire cannot be fully filled due to non-uniform flow velocity of the copper materials in the extrusion process is solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the technical field of copper flat wire production, and in particular relates to a method and equipment for producing precision copper flat wire. Background Art

[0002] Copper flat wire is a special-shaped copper wire with a cross-section that is approximately a rounded rectangle. Compared with common round wire, flat wire has unique advantages in heat dissipation, welding contact area, fatigue resistance, and hardness control.

[0003] There is a continuous extrusion process in the manufacturing process of copper flat wire. Compared with the traditional drawing process, the existing continuous extrusion process of copper flat wire has the advantages of short processing flow, good surface quality, and no annealing. However, in the continuous extrusion process, the uneven flow rate of copper material during the extrusion process may lead to underfilling, causing saw-wing defects or cracks in the copper flat wire. In severe cases, the entire copper flat wire may be scrapped. Therefore, a precision copper flat wire production method that can prevent underfilling is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The embodiments of the present application provide a method and apparatus for producing a precision copper flat wire, which can solve the problem of insufficient filling caused by uneven copper material flow rate during the extrusion process of the copper flat wire.

[0005] In a first aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for producing a precision flat copper wire, which is applied to a precision flat copper wire production device, and the method includes: Performing a first operation; wherein the first operation is to repeatedly embed three or more ferromagnetic metal particles at the same distance on the copper rod blank, and continuously extrude the copper rod blank into a copper flat wire; Detecting magnetic response information of the copper flat wire; wherein the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetic magnitude of different positions of the copper flat wire; Determining a flow rate uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information; wherein the flow rate uniformity level is used to reflect the uniformity of the flow rate of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process, and the magnitude of the flow rate uniformity level is proportional to the difference in the flow rate of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank; Adjustment information is obtained based on the flow velocity uniformity level and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level; wherein the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is used to indicate the level difference between the current flow velocity uniformity level and the previous flow velocity uniformity level, and the adjustment information is used to stop the precision copper flat wire production equipment for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device.

[0006] The above technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application have at least the following technical effects: In the precision copper flat wire production method provided by the present application, first, a first operation is performed, in which more than three ferromagnetic metal particles are repeatedly embedded at fixed intervals in the copper rod blank, and then the copper rod blank is transformed into a copper flat wire through a continuous extrusion process. Therefore, the ferromagnetic metal particles are also deformed by extrusion and distributed in the copper flat wire, which is equivalent to a marking method that will not be destroyed by a high-pressure and high-temperature environment. Secondly, the magnetic reaction information of the copper flat wire is detected. In this step, the ferromagnetism of different parts of the copper flat wire is measured, and the distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire can be indirectly determined. Subsequently, the flow rate uniformity level is determined based on the magnetic reaction information. In this step, the magnetic reaction information that can indirectly reflect the distribution of ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire is used to determine the uniformity of the flow rate of different parts of the copper rod blank during the extrusion process, and quantified as the flow rate uniformity level, so that the copper material flow rate during the extrusion process can be accurately and effectively obtained. Finally, according to the flow rate uniformity level and the change in the flow rate uniformity level, the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted. In this step, the flow rate speed and the rate of change of the flow rate speed are considered at the same time, and the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted. The adjustment method is to stop the machine for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device, so that the flow rate uniformity and the rate of change of the flow rate uniformity of the copper material during the extrusion process can be kept at a normal level, so as to solve the problem of insufficient filling due to the uneven flow rate of the copper material during the extrusion of the copper flat wire. In this method, the copper rod blank is positioned and marked by embedding ferromagnetic metal particles, and the marking method will not be destroyed by high temperature and high pressure. The magnetic reaction information is then detected to determine the distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire. The flow rate uniformity of the copper material during the extrusion process is obtained by the above-mentioned marking and detection marking method, and then the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted so that the flow rate uniformity and the rate of change of the flow rate uniformity of the copper material at different positions during the extrusion process are kept within the normal range, so as to solve the problem of insufficient filling due to the uneven flow rate of the copper material during the extrusion of the copper flat wire.

[0007] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a precision copper flat wire production device, comprising: A first operating unit is configured to perform a first operation, wherein the first operation is to repeatedly embed three or more ferromagnetic metal particles at the same interval on the copper rod blank, and continuously extrude the copper rod blank into a copper flat wire; A magnetic detection unit, configured to detect magnetic response information of the copper flat wire; wherein the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetic magnitude of different positions of the copper flat wire; a calculation unit, configured to determine a flow velocity uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information; wherein the flow velocity uniformity level is used to reflect the uniformity of the flow velocity of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process, and the magnitude of the flow velocity uniformity level is proportional to the difference in the flow velocity of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank; An adjustment unit is used to obtain adjustment information based on the flow velocity uniformity level and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level; wherein the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is used to indicate the level difference between the current flow velocity uniformity level and the previous flow velocity uniformity level, and the adjustment information is used to stop the precision copper flat wire production equipment for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device.

[0008] In a third aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a precision copper flat wire production device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and runnable on the processor, characterized in that the processor implements the method described in any one of the first aspects above when executing the computer program.

[0009] In a fourth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer-readable storage medium, which stores a computer program. When the computer program is executed by a processor, it implements the method described in any one of the first aspects above.

[0010] In a fifth aspect, an embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a precision copper flat wire production device, the precision copper flat wire production device executes the precision copper flat wire production method described in any one of the above-mentioned first aspects.

[0011] It can be understood that the beneficial effects of the second to fifth aspects mentioned above can be found in the relevant description of the first aspect mentioned above, and will not be repeated here. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0012] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present application, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the embodiments or descriptions of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present application. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without any creative work.

[0013] Figure 1 This is a schematic flow chart of a method for producing precision flat copper wire according to an embodiment of the present application; Figure 2 This is a schematic structural diagram of a precision copper flat wire production device provided in an embodiment of the present application; Figure 3 It is a structural schematic diagram of the precision copper flat wire production equipment provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0014] In the following description, specific details such as specific system structures and techniques are provided for purposes of illustration rather than limitation to facilitate a thorough understanding of the embodiments of the present application. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present application may be implemented in other embodiments without these specific details. In other cases, detailed descriptions of well-known systems, devices, circuits, and methods are omitted to avoid obscuring the description of the present application with unnecessary detail.

[0015] It should be understood that when used in the present specification and the appended claims, the term "comprising" indicates the presence of described features, integers, steps, operations, elements and / or components, but does not preclude the presence or addition of one or more other features, integers, steps, operations, elements, components and / or collections thereof.

[0016] It will also be understood that the term "and / or" used in this specification and the appended claims refers to and includes any and all possible combinations of one or more of the associated listed items.

[0017] As used in this specification and the appended claims, the term "if" can be interpreted as "when" or "upon" or "in response to determining" or "in response to detecting," depending on the context. Similarly, the phrase "if it is determined" or "if [described condition or event] is detected" can be interpreted as meaning "upon determination" or "in response to determining" or "upon detection of [described condition or event]" or "in response to detecting [described condition or event]," depending on the context.

[0018] In addition, in the description of the present application specification and the appended claims, the terms "first", "second", "third", etc. are only used to distinguish the descriptions and cannot be understood as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0019] References to "one embodiment" or "some embodiments" in this specification mean that a particular feature, structure, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment is included in one or more embodiments of the present application. Thus, phrases such as "in one embodiment," "in some embodiments," "in other embodiments," and "in other embodiments" appearing in various places in this specification do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment, but rather mean "one or more but not all embodiments," unless otherwise specifically emphasized. The terms "including," "comprising," "having," and variations thereof all mean "including but not limited to," unless otherwise specifically emphasized.

[0020] In the related technology, there is a continuous extrusion process in the copper flat wire manufacturing process. Compared with the traditional drawing process, the existing copper flat wire continuous extrusion process has the advantages of short processing flow, good surface quality, and no annealing. However, in the continuous extrusion process, the copper material flow rate is uneven during the extrusion process, resulting in underfilling, causing saw-wing defects or cracks in the copper flat wire. In severe cases, the entire copper flat wire will be scrapped. Therefore, there is an urgent need for a precision copper flat wire production method that can prevent the underfilling phenomenon.

[0021] To solve the above problems, an embodiment of the present application provides a method for producing a precision copper flat wire. In this method, first, a first operation is performed, in which three or more ferromagnetic metal particles are repeatedly embedded at a fixed distance in a copper rod blank, and then the copper rod blank is transformed into a copper flat wire through a continuous extrusion process. Therefore, the ferromagnetic metal particles are also deformed by extrusion and distributed in the copper flat wire, which is equivalent to a marking method that will not be destroyed by a high-pressure and high-temperature environment. Secondly, the magnetic reaction information of the copper flat wire is detected. In this step, the ferromagnetism of different parts of the copper flat wire is measured, and the distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire can be indirectly determined. Subsequently, the flow rate uniformity level is determined based on the magnetic reaction information. In this step, the magnetic reaction information that can indirectly reflect the distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire is used to determine the uniformity of the flow rate of different parts of the copper rod blank during the extrusion process, and quantified as the flow rate uniformity level, so that the copper material flow rate during the extrusion process can be accurately and effectively obtained. Finally, according to the flow rate uniformity level and the change in the flow rate uniformity level, the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted. In this step, the flow rate speed and the rate of change of the flow rate speed are considered at the same time, and the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted. The adjustment method is to stop the machine for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device, so that the flow rate uniformity and the rate of change of the flow rate uniformity of the copper material during the extrusion process can be kept at a normal level, so as to solve the problem of insufficient filling due to the uneven flow rate of the copper material during the extrusion of the copper flat wire. In this method, the copper rod blank is positioned and marked by embedding ferromagnetic metal particles, and the marking method will not be destroyed by high temperature and high pressure. The magnetic reaction information is then detected to determine the distribution of the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire. The flow rate uniformity of the copper material during the extrusion process is obtained by the above-mentioned marking and detection marking method, and then the precision copper flat wire production equipment is adjusted so that the flow rate uniformity and the rate of change of the flow rate uniformity of the copper material at different positions during the extrusion process are kept within the normal range, so as to solve the problem of insufficient filling due to the uneven flow rate of the copper material during the extrusion of the copper flat wire.

[0022] The precision copper flat wire production method provided in the embodiment of the present application can be applied to precision copper flat wire production equipment. In this case, the precision copper flat wire production equipment is the executor of the precision copper flat wire production method provided in the embodiment of the present application. The embodiment of the present application does not impose any restrictions on the specific type of precision copper flat wire production equipment.

[0023] For example, the precision copper flat wire production equipment may include an embedding device, an extrusion device, a magnetic detection device, a variable flow resistance device, and a control device that is communicatively connected to the embedding device, the extrusion device, the magnetic detection device, and the variable flow resistance device. The embedding device may include a drilling device and a solid feeding device. The solid feeding device is used to spray or flow out ferromagnetic metal particles with a layer of lubricating oil on the surface. The solid feeding device may be various types of solid feeders, such as an electromagnetic vibrating feeder, a screw feeder, etc. The drilling device and the solid feeding device may be arranged in parallel. The extrusion device may be an existing extruder. The magnetic detection device may include an electromagnet and a gaussmeter. The electromagnet and the gaussmeter may be arranged in parallel without affecting each other, and the electromagnet is located before the gaussmeter. The variable flow resistance device may be an existing flow resistance ring. The copper material first passes through the embedding device, then enters the extrusion device (the variable flow resistance device is located at the outlet of the extrusion device), and finally passes through the magnetic detection device. The embedding device, the extrusion device, and the magnetic detection device may be located at different positions on the same conveyor belt. This application only has requirements for their order. The control device can control the embedding device to embed ferromagnetic metal particles on the copper rod blank. Specifically, the drilling device is first controlled to drill a hole in the copper rod blank. Then the hole on the copper rod blank moves along the conveyor belt to directly below the solid feeding device. Then the solid feeding device is controlled to spray or flow out a certain amount of ferromagnetic metal particles with lubricating oil into the hole. The lubricating oil not only has a lubricating effect, but its high viscosity can also prevent the ferromagnetic metal particles from easily falling out of the hole. The control device can also control the extrusion device to extrude the copper rod blank or stop the machine for preheating. The control device can also control the magnetic detection device to detect the magnetic reaction information of the copper flat wire. The control device can also control the variable flow resistance device to adjust the flow rate of the copper material. The control device can also determine the flow rate uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information.

[0024] The control device can be a single chip microcomputer, a microprocessor, a mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, a desktop computer, a computer, a laptop computer, etc.

[0025] In order to better understand the precision copper flat wire production method provided in the embodiment of the present application, the specific implementation process of the precision copper flat wire production method provided in the embodiment of the present application is exemplarily introduced below.

[0026] Figure 1 A schematic flow chart of a method for producing a precision flat copper wire provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. The method for producing a precision flat copper wire includes: S100, performing a first operation, wherein the first operation is to repeatedly embed three or more ferromagnetic metal particles at the same interval on the copper rod blank, and continuously extrude the copper rod blank into a copper flat wire.

[0027] Understandably, the problem of uneven copper flow rate needs to be solved. The first step is to determine the copper flow rate at different locations. Conventional liquid flow rate measurement methods are simply not applicable to solid copper. Therefore, the copper flow rate at different locations can be indirectly determined by placing a positioning mark on the copper rod blank and measuring the degree of deformation of the mark after extrusion. (If the mark does not deform after extrusion, the copper flow rate at each location is the same; if the mark deforms more after extrusion, the difference in copper flow rate at each location increases.) However, during the extrusion process, the copper rod blank is subjected to high temperature and high pressure. Conventional oil-based or laser markings will be lost or disappear during the extrusion process. Therefore, embedding ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper rod blank solves this problem. The ferromagnetic metal particles are stable even in high temperature and high pressure environments and their ferromagnetic properties are not lost. At least three ferromagnetic metal particles are required to ensure sufficient discreteness of the mark. The ferromagnetic metal particles can be embedded in the same cross-section, surrounding the copper rod blank. Furthermore, to continuously measure the copper flow rate, the ferromagnetic metal particles can be embedded at fixed intervals.

[0028] Such an arrangement can effectively locate and mark the copper rod blank, thereby reflecting the copper material flow rate at different positions.

[0029] Optionally, when the copper rod blank is melt-cast, three or more ferromagnetic metal particles are repeatedly embedded in the copper rod blank at the same interval.

[0030] It is understandable that if ferromagnetic metal particles are embedded in the copper rod blank after it has cooled, indentations will be left on the surface of the copper rod blank, and the ferromagnetic metal particles may also fall off the copper rod blank. Therefore, ferromagnetic metal particles can be embedded in the copper rod blank during casting. In this case, the surface indentations will disappear during the casting process, and the ferromagnetic metal particles will also be melted in the copper rod blank and will not fall off.

[0031] Such an arrangement can prevent defects from being left on the surface of the copper rod blank and can also prevent ferromagnetic metal particles from falling off the copper rod blank, thereby improving the practicality of the method.

[0032] S200: Detecting magnetic response information of the copper flat wire, wherein the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetic strength of different positions of the copper flat wire.

[0033] It's understandable that copper is a diamagnetic material with very low diamagnetic properties. Therefore, after embedding ferromagnetic metal particles, the copper flat wire can exhibit ferromagnetism, and the strength of the ferromagnetic properties of the copper flat wire is proportional to the number of ferromagnetic metal particles within the wire. A magnetic field can be generated using an electromagnet or permanent magnet. Let the magnetic field strength be H1, and the magnetic field should cover at least the cross-section of the copper flat wire. The magnetic induction intensity B1 is then measured using a gaussmeter or Hall effect sensor. The measured magnetic induction intensity B1 minus the magnetic field strength H1 equals the magnetization intensity M1 of the copper flat wire. The curve of M1 as a function of time represents the magnetic response information.

[0034] With this arrangement, the magnetic response information of the copper flat wire can be quickly detected.

[0035] In a possible implementation, in step S200, detecting magnetic response information of the copper flat wire includes: S210, executing a second operation, wherein the second operation is to control the copper flat wire to pass through the cooling zone, the magnetization zone, and the detection zone at a constant transmission rate.

[0036] It can be understood that the temperature of the newly produced copper flat wire is relatively high. In order to prevent different temperatures from affecting the magnetic reaction information, the copper flat wire is first cooled, and then the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire are magnetized. Finally, the magnetization intensity of the copper flat wire is detected to determine the size of the ferromagnetism of the copper flat wire, and then the magnetic reaction information of the copper flat wire can be obtained. The cooling zone, magnetization zone and detection zone are three independent non-overlapping areas. The cooling zone is used to cool the copper flat wire, the magnetization zone is used to magnetize the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire, and the detection zone is used to detect the magnetization intensity and determine the size of the ferromagnetism of the copper flat wire.

[0037] With this arrangement, the process of detecting magnetic response information is completed.

[0038] S220: Send first startup information to the cooling zone, wherein the first startup information is used to instruct the cooling zone to cool the copper flat wire to a first temperature in the cooling zone, which is lower than the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic metal particles.

[0039] It is understandable that the temperature of the copper flat wire just produced by the extrusion process is very high, and the temperature will affect the ferromagnetic properties of the ferromagnetic metal particles. Therefore, in order to maintain the ferromagnetic properties of the ferromagnetic metal particles, the copper flat wire must be cooled to at least below the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic metal particles, and ensure that the copper flat wire has the same temperature when leaving the cooling zone. The cooling method can be air cooling, water cooling, etc. A fixed cooling power combined with a fixed transmission rate can ensure that the copper flat wire has the same temperature when leaving the cooling zone. After executing the second operation, the precision copper flat wire production equipment sends the first startup information to allow the cooling zone to cool.

[0040] This arrangement prevents the process of detecting magnetic response information from being affected by temperature and ensures that the ferromagnetic metal particles are below the Curie temperature.

[0041] S230: Send second startup information to the magnetized region. The second startup information is used to instruct the magnetized region to generate a first magnetic field, wherein the first magnetic field is a highly directional uniform magnetic field, the magnetic field direction of the first magnetic field is parallel to the cross section of the copper flat wire, and the first magnetic field at least covers the cross section of the copper flat wire.

[0042] It can be understood that there is a fixed first magnetic field in the magnetization area, and the first magnetic field is highly directional and is a uniform magnetic field. The direction of the first magnetic field is perpendicular to the transmission direction of the copper flat wire, that is, the direction of the magnetic field is parallel to the cross-section of the copper flat wire, and the size of the first magnetic field at least covers the cross-section of the copper flat wire to ensure that a small section of the copper flat wire can be completely magnetized. After executing the second operation, the precision copper flat wire production equipment sends a second startup information to allow the magnetization area to be magnetized.

[0043] Such an arrangement enables each ferromagnetic metal particle in the copper flat wire to be magnetized, and the magnetization directions are all the same, which is beneficial for detecting magnetic response information.

[0044] S240: Send third startup information to the detection zone, wherein the third startup information is used to instruct the detection zone to detect the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire.

[0045] It can be understood that the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire are fully magnetized after leaving the magnetization area. At this time, the magnetic field emitted by the copper flat wire is the magnetization magnetic field of the ferromagnetic metal particles. The magnetic field strength of the magnetization magnetic field is proportional to the number of ferromagnetic metal particles. Therefore, the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire can reflect the ferromagnetism of the copper flat wire. After executing the second operation, the precision copper flat wire production equipment sends a third startup message to let the detection area detect the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire.

[0046] With this setting, the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire can be accurately detected.

[0047] S250, obtaining magnetic response information according to the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire.

[0048] It can be understood that the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetism of the copper flat wire at different positions, and the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire can also reflect the ferromagnetism of the copper flat wire. Therefore, the function curve of the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire with respect to time can be used as the magnetic response information.

[0049] With this setting, complete magnetic response information can be obtained.

[0050] S300: Determine a flow rate uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information. The flow rate uniformity level reflects the uniformity of the copper material flow rate at different locations of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process. The flow rate uniformity level is proportional to the difference in the copper material flow rate at different locations of the copper rod blank.

[0051] It can be understood that during the continuous extrusion process, the flow of copper in the extrusion groove conforms to the continuity theorem, that is, the copper flowing in is equal to the copper flowing out. Ideally, the copper will flow in a laminar manner. At this time, the ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire will also gather on the same cross-section as when they were just embedded. However, in actual use, due to various factors, the flow rate of copper at different positions in the extrusion groove will be different during the continuous extrusion process. At this time, the ferromagnetic metal particles on the same cross-section will gradually separate due to different flow rates, which means that the more dispersed the ferromagnetic metal particles, the higher the flow rate uniformity level (the flow rate uniformity level is used to reflect the uniformity of the flow rate in different parts of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process. The greater the flow rate uniformity level, the greater the flow rate difference in different parts of the copper rod blank). Therefore, the flow rate uniformity level can be determined based on the magnetic response information. First, find the peak point x1 in the magnetic response information. The magnetic field strength at the peak point x1 is B2. Secondly, find point x2 on the left side of x1 (the magnetic field strength at point x2 is B3), where B3= , and the magnetic field strength on the left side of point x2 is lower than B3. Then, find point x3 on the left side of the peak point x1 (the magnetic field strength at point x3 is B4), where B4= , and the magnetic field strength on the right side of point x3 is lower than B4. Finally, x3-x2-x4 is obtained to obtain X (x4 is the length of the detection area of ​​the magnetic response information), and then normalized, X / x4 is obtained to obtain the final flow rate uniformity level, that is, X / x4.

[0052] With this setting, the final X / x4 can effectively reflect the dispersion degree of ferromagnetic metal particles, and thus can also indicate the uniformity level of flow rate.

[0053] In one possible implementation, in step S300, determining the flow velocity uniformity level according to the magnetic response information includes: S310 , sampling and quantizing the magnetic response information to convert the magnetic response information into a first digital signal.

[0054] It can be understood that the magnetic response information is a continuous analog signal. The analog signal is sampled, the sampling frequency depends on the situation, and quantized. The quantization process uses the magnetic field strength generated by a ferromagnetic metal particle as a unit. The entire sampling and quantization process can be completed by the ADC module to finally obtain the first digital signal.

[0055] This arrangement simplifies the complexity of information processing.

[0056] S320: Determine magnetic field point distribution according to the first digital signal, wherein the magnetic field point distribution refers to the distribution of ferromagnetic metal particles on the copper flat wire.

[0057] It can be understood that since the first digital signal is discrete, the obtained magnetic field point distribution is also discrete. Therefore, the magnetic field point distribution can be set as a sequence g(n), and the first digital signal can be set as a discrete sequence f(n). If the magnetic field point distribution g(n) is 1, then the first digital signal f(n) is N 1s, where N is the length of the detection area x4 divided by the step size (the step size refers to the interval distance between two adjacent samples). Therefore, it can be seen that g(n) and f(n) satisfy the convolution relationship, that is, g(n)*h(N)=f(n), h(N) is N 1s, and the convolution result of g(n) and h(N) is the first digital signal f(n). Therefore, obtaining the magnetic field point distribution g(n) is the inverse process of convolution of the first digital signal f(n). The first digital signal f(n) and the convolution kernel h(N) can be discrete Fourier transformed to obtain F(n) and H(N). Then F(n) / H(N)=G(n). Then G(n) is inversely discrete Fourier transformed to obtain g(n). Thus, the magnetic field point distribution g(n) is obtained.

[0058] For example, the first digital signal is (1, 2, 4, 4, 3, 1), and the detection zone length is x4 = 3 × stride length. Therefore, the convolution kernel is (1, 1, 1). The above calculation yields (1, 1, 2, 1), which is the magnetic field point distribution. Verification: (1, 1, 1) * (1, 1, 2, 1) = (1, 2, 4, 4, 3, 1).

[0059] With this arrangement, a discrete magnetic field point distribution sequence g(n) can be quickly obtained.

[0060] S330: Determine the flow velocity uniformity level according to the magnetic field point distribution.

[0061] It can be understood that the more sequence digits of the magnetic field point distribution g(n), the more dispersed the distribution of ferromagnetic metal particles. Therefore, the flow velocity uniformity level can be obtained by subtracting the number of digits N of the convolution kernel from the number of sequence digits n of g(n).

[0062] This setting makes it possible to determine the flow rate uniformity level simply and quickly.

[0063] At step S400, adjustment information is obtained based on the flow velocity uniformity level and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level. The change in the flow velocity uniformity level indicates the difference between the current flow velocity uniformity level and the previous flow velocity uniformity level. The adjustment information is used to shut down the precision copper flat wire production equipment for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device.

[0064] It can be understood that the flow velocity uniformity level can indicate the uniformity of the flow velocity in different parts of the copper rod blank at the current moment, and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level can indicate the rate of change of the flow velocity difference in different parts of the copper rod blank. That is, if the flow velocity uniformity level is too large, it means that the copper material flow velocity is uneven, and if the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is too large, it means that the copper material flow velocity is becoming more and more uneven.

[0065] Therefore, the copper material flow rate can be adjusted by combining two commonly used adjustment methods: shutdown preheating and a variable flow control device (shutdown preheating refers to not producing copper flat wire for a period of time while the copper material in the extrusion tank is continuously heated and maintained; a variable flow control device refers to a device that blocks the flow of copper material in a specific part of the extrusion tank). Combining these two adjustment methods can achieve the target flow rate uniformity level. When the flow rate uniformity level is too high, adjustment information can be generated to instruct the precision copper flat wire production equipment to shut down for preheating to reduce the flow rate uniformity level. When the flow rate uniformity level changes significantly, corresponding adjustment information can be dynamically generated to dynamically adjust the variable flow control device to ensure that the change in flow rate uniformity level does not exceed the threshold.

[0066] This setting improves the adjustment method and enables precision copper flat wire production equipment to solve the problem of uneven copper material flow rate.

[0067] In one possible implementation, in step S400, adjusting the precision copper flat wire production equipment according to the flow velocity uniformity level and the amount of change in the flow velocity uniformity level includes: S410: When the flow rate uniformity level is greater than a first threshold, adjustment information is obtained, and the adjustment information instructs the precision copper flat wire production equipment to stop for preheating.

[0068] It can be understood that when the flow rate uniformity level is greater than the first threshold, it means that the flow rate unevenness of the copper material has reached the warning value. At this time, the copper material can be heated to improve the fluidity of the copper material in all parts. Therefore, the machine is first shut down for preheating, and the duration of the shutdown preheating can be 1 hour.

[0069] This setting can automatically solve the problem of uneven flow rate when the copper material flow rate is very uneven.

[0070] Optionally, if the two most recently measured flow rate uniformity levels are still greater than the first threshold after the precision copper flat wire production equipment completes shutdown preheating, the equipment will be shut down and an error will be reported, waiting for an operator to restart the precision copper flat wire production equipment.

[0071] It can be understood that the reason why the copper material's flow rate is uneven and reaches the warning value may be temperature, or it may be unreasonable design of the extrusion die or other unknown reasons. If it is due to temperature, the uneven flow rate phenomenon will be significantly improved after shutdown and preheating. However, if it is due to problems with the extrusion die design or other unknown reasons, it cannot be significantly improved by shutdown and preheating. Therefore, if the precision copper flat wire production equipment completes shutdown and preheating, the two latest measured flow rate uniformity levels are still greater than the first threshold, it means that there is a problem with the extrusion die design or other unknown reasons. The equipment can be shut down and an error message can be given to the operator, and the operator can wait for the operator to restart the precision copper flat wire production equipment.

[0072] With this setting, when the device fails to automatically solve the problem, the device can automatically shut down and alarm to prevent the phenomenon of insufficient charging.

[0073] S420: When the flow velocity uniformity level is less than or equal to the first threshold, determine whether the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is greater than a second threshold.

[0074] It is understood that when the flow rate uniformity level has not reached the warning value, the change in the flow rate uniformity level can also be used to determine the change in the copper material's flow rate uniformity to prevent the flow rate uniformity level from reaching the warning value. If the flow rate uniformity level is less than or equal to the first threshold, it means that the flow rate uniformity level has not reached the warning value. In this case, it can be determined whether the change in the flow rate uniformity level is greater than the second threshold to determine the changing trend of the copper material's flow rate uniformity.

[0075] With this configuration, the precision copper flat wire production equipment can not only automatically solve the problem when the flow rate uniformity level reaches the warning value, but also determine the flow rate uniformity changes of the copper material to prevent the flow rate uniformity level from reaching the warning value.

[0076] S430, when the level change of the flow rate uniformity level is greater than the second threshold, adjustment information is obtained, and the adjustment information instructs the precision copper flat wire production equipment to adjust the variable flow resistance device to slow down the flow rate of the copper material in the middle of the extrusion mold, and restore the variable flow resistance device to the default state when the level change of the flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold.

[0077] It can be understood that when the change in the flow rate uniformity level is greater than the second threshold value, it means that the uniformity of the copper material flow rate changes too quickly. Because in the continuous extrusion process of copper flat wire, the copper material flow rate in the middle of the uniform groove is generally greater than the copper material flow rate on both sides. Therefore, the variable flow resistance device is adjusted to slow down the copper flow rate in the middle of the extrusion membrane, and then the change in the flow rate uniformity level is continued to be obtained. When the change in the flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold value, the variable flow resistance device is restored to the default state.

[0078] It should be noted that the flow rate uniformity level and the change in flow rate uniformity level obtained in this method cannot reflect the difference in copper material flow rate between the center and the sides of the extrusion tank; they can only reflect the degree of flow rate uniformity. In the default setting for continuous extrusion, the copper material flow rate in the center can be assumed to be greater than the copper material flow rate on the sides. However, if the variable flow resistance device is not restored to the default state, the copper material flow rate in the center cannot be assumed to be greater than the copper material flow rate on the sides (the variable flow resistance device can directly affect the flow rate of copper material in different parts), and thus the variable flow resistance device cannot be adjusted (it is impossible to know how to adjust the variable flow resistance device). Therefore, when the change in flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold value, the variable flow resistance device is restored to the default state. Therefore, the copper material flow rate in the center of the extrusion tank can always be assumed to be greater than the copper material flow rate on the sides.

[0079] Such an arrangement can prevent the uniformity of the copper material flow rate from changing too quickly.

[0080] Optionally, the method further includes: S510: When the flow velocity uniformity level is less than or equal to a first threshold and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is less than a second threshold, a first frequency reduction signal is sent, wherein the first frequency reduction signal is used to instruct the precision copper flat wire production equipment to reduce the frequency of embedding ferromagnetic metal particles.

[0081] It can be understood that when the flow rate uniformity level is less than or equal to the first threshold value, and the change in the flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold value, it means that everything is normal in the copper flat wire production process and no adjustment is required. At this time, the first frequency reduction signal can be sent. The first frequency reduction signal allows the precision copper flat wire production equipment to embed ferromagnetic metal particles at a lower frequency, that is, more than three ferromagnetic metal particles are embedded at a longer distance.

[0082] Such an arrangement can reduce the number of ferromagnetic metal particles in the copper flat wire while ensuring the effectiveness of the method as much as possible.

[0083] Optionally, the diameter of the ferromagnetic metal particles is smaller than 1 / 10 of the length of the short side of the copper flat wire.

[0084] It's understandable that ferromagnetic metal particles embedded in the copper rod blank not only affect the electrical properties of the resulting copper flat wire but also interfere with the extrusion of the copper material during the extrusion process. Therefore, the ferromagnetic metal particles must be sufficiently small, with a diameter at least less than 1 / 10 of the short side length of the copper flat wire, to avoid significant impact on the electrical properties of the copper flat wire and the extrusion process. Furthermore, smaller diameter ferromagnetic metal particles require higher accuracy in the magnetic field detection zone, so the accuracy of the magnetic field detection zone should be appropriately improved.

[0085] Such an arrangement can reduce the influence of the ferromagnetic metal particles on the electrical properties of the copper flat wire and on the extrusion process of the copper material.

[0086] Optionally, when the precision copper flat wire production equipment is shut down for preheating, the cooling zone stops cooling.

[0087] It can be understood that in this method, shutdown preheating can be carried out during production. At this time, the copper flat wire is connected to the copper material in the extrusion tank, so the heat of shutdown preheating can also be conducted to the copper flat wire. If the cooling zone is still cooling during shutdown preheating, it may cause the preheating effect in the extrusion tank to be poor. Therefore, when the precision copper flat wire production equipment is shut down for preheating, the cooling zone stops cooling.

[0088] Such an arrangement improves the effect of shutdown preheating of precision copper flat wire production equipment.

[0089] Optionally, no ferromagnetic material is used in the magnetization zone and the detection zone.

[0090] It can be understood that there are magnetic fields in both the magnetization area and the detection area. Therefore, in order to eliminate environmental influences, no ferromagnetic materials are used in the magnetization area and the detection area.

[0091] This configuration can eliminate the influence of the environmental magnetic field.

[0092] It should be understood that the size of the serial numbers of the steps in the above embodiments does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of this application.

[0093] Corresponding to the precision copper flat wire production method described in the above embodiment, the embodiment of the present application further provides a precision copper flat wire production device, and each unit of the device can implement each step of the precision copper flat wire production method. Figure 2 A structural block diagram of a precision copper flat wire production device provided in an embodiment of the present application is shown. For ease of explanation, only the parts related to the embodiment of the present application are shown.

[0094] Reference Figure 2 , the device comprises: A first operating unit is configured to perform a first operation, wherein the first operation is to repeatedly embed three or more ferromagnetic metal particles at the same interval on the copper rod blank, and continuously extrude the copper rod blank into a copper flat wire; A magnetic detection unit, configured to detect magnetic response information of the copper flat wire; wherein the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetic magnitude of different positions of the copper flat wire; a calculation unit, configured to determine a flow velocity uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information; wherein the flow velocity uniformity level is used to reflect the uniformity of the flow velocity of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process, and the magnitude of the flow velocity uniformity level is proportional to the difference in the flow velocity of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank; An adjustment unit is used to obtain adjustment information based on the flow velocity uniformity level and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level; wherein the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is used to indicate the level difference between the current flow velocity uniformity level and the previous flow velocity uniformity level, and the adjustment information is used to stop the precision copper flat wire production equipment for preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device.

[0095] It should be noted that the information interaction, execution process, etc. between the above-mentioned units are based on the same concept as the method embodiment of this application. Their specific functions and technical effects can be found in the method embodiment part and will not be repeated here.

[0096] Those skilled in the art can clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, only the division of the above-mentioned functional units is used as an example for illustration. In actual applications, the above-mentioned functions can be distributed and completed by different functional units as needed, that is, the internal structure of the device can be divided into different functional units to complete all or part of the functions described above. The functional units in the embodiment can be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit can exist physically alone, or two or more units can be integrated into one unit. The above-mentioned integrated unit can be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional units. In addition, the specific names of the functional units are only for the convenience of distinguishing each other, and are not used to limit the scope of protection of this application. The specific working process of the units in the above-mentioned system can refer to the corresponding process in the aforementioned method embodiment, and will not be repeated here.

[0097] The embodiment of the present application further provides a precision copper flat wire production device, which may include an embedding device, an extrusion device, a magnetic detection device, a variable flow resistance device, and a control device that is communicatively connected to the embedding device, the extrusion device, the magnetic detection device, and the variable flow resistance device. Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of a precision copper flat wire production device provided in one embodiment of the present application. Figure 3 As shown, the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment of this embodiment includes: at least one processor 40 ( Figure 3 Only one is shown), at least one memory 41 ( Figure 3 Only one is shown) and a computer program 42 stored in the at least one memory 41 and executable on the at least one processor 40. When the processor 40 executes the computer program 42, the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment implements the steps in any of the above-mentioned precision copper flat wire production method embodiments, or the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment implements the functions of each unit in the above-mentioned device embodiments.

[0098] For example, the computer program 42 can be divided into one or more units, which are stored in the memory 41 and executed by the processor 40 to complete the present application. The one or more units can be a series of computer program instruction segments capable of completing specific functions, and the instruction segments are used to describe the execution process of the computer program 42 in the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment.

[0099] The control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment can be a single chip microcomputer, a microprocessor mobile phone, a tablet computer, a notebook computer, a netbook, a desktop computer, a computer, a laptop computer, etc. The control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment can include, but is not limited to, a processor 40 and a memory 41. It can be understood by those skilled in the art that Figure 3 It is only an example of the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment and does not constitute a limitation on the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment. It may include more or fewer components than shown in the figure, or a combination of certain components, or different components. For example, it may also include input and output devices, network access devices, buses, etc.

[0100] The processor 40 may be a central processing unit (CPU), or other general-purpose processors, digital signal processors (DSP), application-specific integrated circuits (ASIC), field-programmable gate arrays (FPGA), or other programmable logic devices, discrete gate or transistor logic devices, or discrete hardware components. A general-purpose processor may be a microprocessor or any conventional processor.

[0101] In some embodiments, the memory 41 may be an internal storage unit of the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment, such as a hard drive or memory within the control device 4. In other embodiments, the memory 41 may be an external storage device of the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment, such as a plug-in hard drive, a Smart Media Card (SMC), a Secure Digital (SD) card, a flash memory card, etc. Furthermore, the memory 41 may include both an internal storage unit and an external storage device within the control device 4 of the precision copper flat wire production equipment. The memory 41 is used to store an operating system, application programs, a boot loader, data, and other programs, such as the program code of the computer program. The memory 41 may also be used to temporarily store data that has been output or is about to be output.

[0102] An embodiment of the present application further provides a computer-readable storage medium, wherein the computer-readable storage medium stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by a processor, the steps in any of the above method embodiments are implemented.

[0103] An embodiment of the present application provides a computer program product. When the computer program product is run on a precision copper flat wire production device, the precision copper flat wire production device is enabled to implement the steps of any of the above method embodiments.

[0104] If the integrated unit is implemented as a software functional unit and sold or used as a standalone product, it can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the present application implements all or part of the process steps in the above-mentioned method embodiments by instructing the relevant hardware through a computer program. The computer program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When executed by a processor, the computer program can implement the steps of each of the above-mentioned method embodiments. The computer program includes computer program code, which can be in source code form, object code form, executable file, or some intermediate form. The computer-readable medium can include at least: any entity or device capable of carrying the computer program code to the precision copper flat wire production equipment, recording medium, computer memory, read-only memory (ROM), random access memory (RAM), electrical carrier signal, telecommunication signal, and software distribution medium. Examples include a USB flash drive, a mobile hard drive, a magnetic disk, or an optical disk.

[0105] In the above embodiments, the description of each embodiment has its own focus. For parts that are not described or recorded in detail in a certain embodiment, reference can be made to the relevant description of other embodiments.

[0106] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0107] In the embodiments provided in the present application, it should be understood that the disclosed precision copper flat wire production method, precision copper flat wire production device and precision copper flat wire production equipment can be implemented in other ways. For example, the precision copper flat wire production method, precision copper flat wire production device and precision copper flat wire production equipment embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be an indirect coupling or communication connection through some interfaces, devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0108] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0109] The above-described embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. These modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the various embodiments of the present application, and should all be included in the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A method for producing precision copper flat wire, characterized in that: Applied to precision copper flat wire production equipment, the method comprises: Performing a first operation; wherein the first operation is to repeatedly embed three or more ferromagnetic metal particles at the same distance on the copper rod blank, and continuously extrude the copper rod blank into a copper flat wire; Detecting magnetic response information of the copper flat wire; wherein the magnetic response information is used to reflect the ferromagnetic magnitude of different positions of the copper flat wire; Determining a flow rate uniformity level based on the magnetic reaction information; wherein the flow rate uniformity level is used to reflect the uniformity of the flow rate of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank during the continuous extrusion process, and the magnitude of the flow rate uniformity level is proportional to the difference in the flow rate of the copper material at different parts of the copper rod blank; Adjustment information is obtained based on the flow velocity uniformity level and the change in the flow velocity uniformity level; wherein the change in the flow velocity uniformity level is used to indicate the level difference between the current flow velocity uniformity level and the previous flow velocity uniformity level, and the adjustment information is used to instruct the precision copper flat wire production equipment to stop preheating and / or adjust the variable flow resistance device.

2. The method for producing precision flat copper wire according to claim 1, wherein: The detecting of the magnetic response information of the copper flat wire includes: Performing a second operation; wherein the second operation is to control the copper flat wire to pass through the cooling zone, the magnetization zone and the detection zone at a constant transmission rate; Sending first startup information to the cooling zone; wherein the first startup information is used to instruct the cooling zone to cool, and the copper flat wire is cooled to a first temperature in the cooling zone, and the first temperature is lower than the Curie temperature of the ferromagnetic metal particles; Sending second startup information to the magnetized region; wherein the second startup information is used to instruct the magnetized region to generate a first magnetic field, the first magnetic field is a directional uniform magnetic field with high directivity, the magnetic field direction of the first magnetic field is parallel to the cross section of the copper flat wire, and the first magnetic field at least covers the cross section of the copper flat wire; Sending third startup information to the detection area; wherein the third startup information is used to instruct the detection area to detect the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire; The magnetic response information is obtained according to the magnetic field strength of the copper flat wire.

3. The method for producing precision flat copper wire according to claim 1, wherein: Determining the flow velocity uniformity level according to the magnetic response information includes: Sampling and quantizing the magnetic response information to convert the magnetic response information into a first digital signal; determining a magnetic field point distribution according to the first digital signal; wherein the magnetic field point distribution refers to the distribution of ferromagnetic metal particles on the copper flat wire; The flow velocity uniformity level is determined according to the magnetic field point distribution.

4. The method for producing a precision flat copper wire according to claim 1, wherein: The obtaining of adjustment information according to the flow velocity uniformity level and the level change of the flow velocity uniformity level includes: When the flow rate uniformity level is greater than a first threshold, obtaining the adjustment information, wherein the adjustment information instructs the precision copper flat wire production equipment to stop for preheating; When the flow velocity uniformity level is less than or equal to the first threshold, determining whether a level change of the flow velocity uniformity level is greater than a second threshold; When the level change of the flow rate uniformity level is greater than the second threshold, the adjustment information is obtained, and the adjustment information instructs the precision copper flat wire production equipment to adjust the variable flow resistance device to slow down the flow rate of the copper material in the middle of the extrusion mold, and restore the variable flow resistance device to the default state when the level change of the flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold.

5. The method for producing a precision flat copper wire according to claim 4, wherein: The method further comprises: If the two most recent flow rate uniformity levels measured after the precision copper flat wire production equipment completes shutdown preheating are still greater than the first threshold, the equipment will be shut down with an error message and wait for the operator to restart the precision copper flat wire production equipment.

6. The method for producing a precision flat copper wire according to claim 4, wherein: The method further comprises: When the flow rate uniformity level is less than or equal to the first threshold value, and the change in the flow rate uniformity level is less than the second threshold value, a first frequency reduction signal is sent; wherein, the first frequency reduction signal is used to instruct the precision copper flat wire production equipment to reduce the frequency of embedding ferromagnetic metal particles.

7. The method for producing precision flat copper wire according to claim 1, wherein: The diameter of the ferromagnetic metal particles is less than 1 / 10 of the length of the short side of the copper rectangular wire.

8. The method for producing precision flat copper wire according to claim 2, wherein: When the precision copper flat wire production equipment is shut down for preheating, the cooling zone stops cooling.

9. The method for producing a precision flat copper wire according to claim 2, wherein: No ferromagnetic material is used in the magnetization zone and the detection zone.

10. A precision copper flat wire production device, comprising a memory, a processor, and a computer program stored in the memory and executable on the processor, characterized in that: When the processor executes the computer program, the method according to any one of claims 1 to 9 is implemented.

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