Workpiece positioning calibration device for wire cutting numerical control machine tool

Abstract

The application relates to the technical field of cutting processing, in particular to a workpiece positioning and calibrating device of a wire cutting numerical control machine tool, which comprises electrode wires connected with a wire winding drum, a bed body and a stand column, a cantilever support is slidably arranged on the stand column, a coordinate workbench and a clamp bearing table are arranged on the bed body, a workpiece is fixedly arranged on an inner frame of the clamp bearing table through a clamp, a positioning mechanism is arranged above the workpiece, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate, the positioning plate is detachably arranged on an outer frame of the clamp bearing table through magnetic bases on the two sides of the positioning plate, a linking hole is arranged on the positioning plate, a disc is arranged in the linking hole, the electrode wires are connected to the wire winding drum through guide wheels after penetrating through the disc and a preset hole of the workpiece; an annular channel is formed by being arranged between the outer periphery of the disc and the inner wall of the linking hole, a plurality of groups of telescopic components are arranged on the disc along the center of the disc; the application avoids the damage of the electrode wires caused by the falling of the workpiece to be cut after being cut, meanwhile, the operation of limiting and fixing the workpiece to be cut during the stop of the machine tool is avoided, and the workpiece is prevented from being jointed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the technical field of cutting processing, in particular to a workpiece positioning and calibration device of a wire cutting numerical control machine tool. BACKGROUND

[0002] The wire cutting numerical control machine tool (also known as wire cut electrical discharge machining or WEDM) is a special processing machine tool that uses a continuously moving metal wire (molybdenum wire, copper wire, etc.) as an electrode to cut out a two-dimensional or three-dimensional complex shape profile by releasing instantaneous high temperature (up to several thousand to ten thousand degrees Celsius) generated by pulse spark discharge between the electrode wire and the conductive workpiece under the precise control of a numerical control system.

[0003] When cutting a closed circular hole in a workpiece, a preset hole is opened in the target circular hole area of the workpiece, and the electrode wire is then inserted into the preset hole. The electrode wire is guided by a guide wheel and then connected to a wire spool. During the cutting process, the electrode wire is cut and moved from the preset hole to the target circular hole, and then the circular hole is cut.

[0004] Chinese patent document (publication number: CN116871611B) discloses a positioning device of a wire cutting equipment and a wire cutting equipment, relating to the field of cutting processing. The positioning device includes: a device body, one end of the device body is provided with a positioning hole; a first positioning member, the first positioning member is in guided cooperation with the device body, and the first positioning member is provided with a fixing hole for fixing a wire spool, the center axis of the fixing hole and the center axis of the positioning hole are perpendicular to each other; a second positioning member, when the second positioning member is inserted into the positioning hole, the outer peripheral wall of the second positioning member is adapted to abut against the arc-shaped end surface of the wire spool to position the wire spool in the positioning device. Thus, by using the first positioning member and the second positioning member to cooperate to position the wire spool, the positioning device can fix the wire spool to be cut in the wire cutting equipment at a suitable machining position and machining angle. Compared with the prior art, the two intersecting arc-shaped side walls of the wire spool after machining can meet the relevant symmetry requirements, thereby improving the yield of the wire spool.

[0005] When cutting a large size closed circular hole in a workpiece, the cut part will fall off after cutting, and the falling cut part may damage the electrode wire. If the cutting part is fixed during the cutting process, this interrupted operation is likely to cause a short circuit or a visible joint on the workpiece, which seriously affects the machining quality and production efficiency. SUMMARY

[0006] In view of the deficiencies of the prior art, the workpiece positioning and calibration device of the wire cutting numerical control machine tool is provided, before cutting the closed circular hole of the workpiece, the to-be-cut part is firmly connected with the disc through the positioning plate, the disc, the magnetic base and the inverted conical cylinder and other components, so that the to-be-cut part is prevented from falling and damaging the electrode wire after being cut, and the operation of limiting and fixing the to-be-cut part during the stop is avoided, and the obvious joint of the workpiece is effectively prevented from affecting the machining quality.

[0007] In order to achieve the above object, the technical scheme is adopted as follows:

[0008] A workpiece positioning and calibration device of a wire cutting numerical control machine tool, comprising an electrode wire connected with a wire winding cylinder, a bed body and a column, a cantilever support is slidably installed on the column, a coordinate workbench and a clamp bearing table are installed on the bed body, a workpiece is fixedly installed on the inner frame of the clamp bearing table through a clamp, a positioning mechanism is installed above the workpiece, the positioning mechanism comprises a positioning plate, the positioning plate is detachably installed on the outer frame of the clamp bearing table through a magnetic base on both sides of the positioning plate, an adapter hole is arranged on the positioning plate, a disc is arranged in the adapter hole, the electrode wire penetrates through the disc and the preset hole of the workpiece and is connected to the wire winding cylinder through a guide roller; an annular channel is formed by being spaced apart between the outer periphery of the disc and the inner wall of the adapter hole, a plurality of groups of telescopic components are arranged on the disc along the center of the disc; a plurality of groups of adapter components are arranged on the inner wall of the adapter hole corresponding to the telescopic components, the disc and the positioning plate are detachably fixedly connected, and a separation component is arranged on the disc to retract the adjacent telescopic components to avoid the electrode wire.

[0009] Preferably, a positioning unit is arranged in the disc, the positioning unit comprises a ring body and a limiting cover ring, the outer periphery of the disc extends upward to form a circular ring, the top end of the circular ring extends toward the center of the disc to form an integrated structure of an inner skirt, the limiting cover ring is rotatably sleeved in the inside of the limiting cover ring, the inner wall of the ring body is fixedly provided with a protrusion and an L-shaped plate, and the top of the ring body is fixedly provided with a cover plate; an avoiding groove is formed on the cover plate and extends outward from the radial plane of the center; avoiding grooves are formed on the ring body, the disc and the limiting cover ring corresponding to the avoiding groove on the projection surface; the protrusion and the L-shaped plate are respectively located on both sides of the avoiding groove; the avoiding groove and the avoiding groove opening provide an avoiding channel for the electrode wire; and a docking unit is arranged on the top of the cover plate.

[0010] Preferably, the docking unit comprises two coupling seats fixedly arranged on the top end of the cover plate, the two coupling seats are respectively and symmetrically arranged on both sides of the avoiding groove, and the two coupling seats and the center of the cover plate are on the same straight line; a first fixing block is fixedly arranged below the cantilever support, a guide rail is reversely fixedly arranged on the first fixing block along the avoiding groove, and a second fixing block is arranged on the guide rail; two positioning rods are slidably arranged on the second fixing block along the arrangement direction of the electrode wire, and the two positioning rods are respectively and symmetrically arranged on the extension line of the avoiding groove and correspond to the coupling seats; when the coordinate workbench is controlled to move, the two positioning rods are respectively fixedly connected into the adjacent coupling seats.

[0011] Preferably, the telescopic component includes a second guide groove, one end of which extends radially and communicates with the outside. A reset spring and a slider are slidably installed in the second guide groove from the inside to the outside. A snap-fit ​​is formed at the top of the slider. The connecting component includes a first guide groove, the top of which has a first limiting groove to form a connection. A limiting spring is fixed inside the first limiting groove. The free end of the limiting spring is fixedly connected to a limiting latch. The main body of the limiting latch is slidably installed in the first limiting groove, with the inclined end of the limiting latch facing the slider. After the limiting latch extends into the snap-fit, it forms a limiting fixation with the slider.

[0012] Preferably, a through groove is formed at the top of the second guide groove, and a support plate is fixedly mounted on the top of the slider. The support plate is slidably installed in the through groove, and the top of the support plate extends above the disc. A check unit is provided on one side of the support plate. The check unit includes a check latch, a check spring, and a check limiting groove. The check limiting groove is located inside the side wall of the through groove and its length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide groove. A guide rod and a check spring are fixedly mounted at the bottom of the check limiting groove. The check spring is sleeved on the guide rod, and one end of the check latch away from the inclined surface is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. The end of the check latch is fixedly connected to the free end of the check spring. A second latch is formed at the end of the support plate near the check latch. The check latch extends into the second latch to limit the support plate, so that the slider is fixed in the second guide groove, making room for the adjacent annular channel and thus avoiding the electrode wire.

[0013] Preferably, a reset unit is provided in the check valve limiting groove. The reset unit includes a check valve tongue, with one end of the check valve tongue away from the inclined surface extending to both sides to form a baffle. A settlement opening is provided on the disc and at the top of the check valve limiting groove, connecting the check valve limiting groove to the outside. An inverted U-shaped frame is provided inside the settlement opening, with a rotating rod fixed in the middle of the inverted U-shaped frame. The rotating rod is installed on the opposite side wall of the settlement opening through a bearing, and a torsion spring is provided on the rotating rod so that the two ends of the inverted U-shaped frame abut against the bottom ends of the baffle. When the inverted U-shaped frame located above the disc is pressed down by the L-shaped plate, the inverted U-shaped frame enters the settlement opening, and at the same time, the two ends of the inverted U-shaped frame push against the baffle, causing the lock tongue to enter the check valve limiting groove and releasing the limitation on the push plate.

[0014] Preferably, a lever groove is formed on the side of the first limiting groove near the annular channel, and a lever is fixed on the side of the limiting lock tongue near the annular channel. The lever is slidably installed in the lever groove. The separation component includes a release rod and a connecting rod. The release rod is an arc-shaped structure adapted to the annular channel, and the connecting rod is a semi-annular structure. The connecting rod crosses the limiting cover ring to fix the cover plate, the protrusion and the release rod. The top of the release rod has a sloping structure, and the low point of the sloping structure is lower than the lowest point of the lever groove. The high point of the sloping structure is located below the top of the lever groove and is set adjacent to it. When the coordinate worktable is adjusted to make relative movement between the positioning plate and the cover plate, the release rod lifts the lever, drives the limiting lock tongue away from the latch to release the restriction on the slider, and the protrusion pushes the push plate to move towards the center of the disc, so that the anti-return lock tongue extends into the latch of the push plate to form a fixation, making room for the adjacent annular channel and thus avoiding the electrode wire.

[0015] Preferably, the positioning rod is provided with a limiting groove in the vertical direction, and the coupling seat is a groove-shaped structure with the opening of the groove facing the positioning rod. A self-locking unit is provided on one side of the coupling seat, and the self-locking unit and the opening of the groove are located on the same side. The self-locking unit includes a coupling slide, a coupling latch, and a coupling spring. The coupling slide is perpendicular to the limiting through groove of the positioning rod. The side of the coupling slide near the inner wall of the coupling seat is provided with a square groove, and the other side is provided with a round hole groove. The diameter of the round hole groove is smaller than the side length of the square groove. The coupling spring and the coupling latch are slidably installed inside the square groove. A guide rod is fixed at one end of the coupling latch away from the inclined surface. The guide rod slides through the coupling spring and extends to the outside of the coupling seat, and a limiting baffle is fixed at its end.

[0016] Preferably, a preset hole is opened in the center of the workpiece, an inverted conical cylinder is fixed at the bottom center of the disc, a connecting cylinder is fixed at the bottom of the inverted conical cylinder, and a first flange is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder. The diameter of the first flange is smaller than the diameter of the preset hole. The inverted conical cylinder extends into the preset hole for centering. The bottom of the workpiece is fixedly connected to the first flange through a second flange, thus fixing the part of the workpiece to be cut to the disc. This prevents the part to be cut from falling off and damaging the electrode wire after the workpiece is cut.

[0017] Preferably, the inverted conical cylinder, connecting cylinder, first flange and second flange are provided with clearance slots corresponding to the clearance slots to facilitate the passage of electrode wires; a parallel ruler is provided on the top of the outer frame of the fixture support platform, and the parallel ruler is used to check the position of the positioning plate to determine the orientation of the clearance slot.

[0018] 1. In this invention, before cutting the closed circular hole of the workpiece, the part to be cut is firmly connected to the disk by components such as positioning plate, disc, magnetic base and inverted conical cylinder, so as to avoid the part to be cut falling off after being cut and damaging the electrode wire. At the same time, it avoids the operation of stopping the machine in the middle to limit and fix the part to be cut, and effectively prevents the workpiece from having obvious seams and affecting the processing quality.

[0019] Specifically, a positioning plate is installed above the workpiece via a magnetic base. A disc is detachably installed in the connecting hole of the positioning plate via a telescopic component. The bottom of the disc is fixedly connected to the part of the workpiece to be cut. The electrode wire is vertically inserted and passes through a preset hole in the center of the disc and the workpiece. When the wire EDM machine is started for cutting, the coordinate worktable drives the fixture support table to move along the direction of the clearance groove. After the electrode wire cuts a through groove on the workpiece, it reaches the circumferential coordinate circle position of the part to be cut. At this time, the electrode wire is in the annular channel. The coupling seat moves with the longitudinal and transverse worktables and docks and fixes with the stationary positioning rod. Subsequently, the turntable of the wire EDM machine starts, causing the positioning plate, disc, and workpiece to rotate together. The cover plate and the ring body remain stationary through the cooperation of the coupling seat and the positioning rod, thereby realizing the rotation of the ring body, release rod, etc. relative to the connecting hole. During the relative rotation, the release rod releases the lever. The limiting mechanism of the connecting component causes the corresponding slider to retract into the second guide groove. Subsequently, the protrusion presses and pushes the support plate, causing the slider to be limited and fixed by the check latch, thus creating space for the adjacent annular channel to avoid the electrode wire. During the continued cutting process, when the limited telescopic component approaches the longitudinal plate of the L-shaped plate, the longitudinal plate presses down on the U-shaped frame, causing the check latch to retract and release the limitation on the support plate. Under the action of the return spring, the slider extends into the first guide groove. The arc-shaped structure on the longitudinal plate further pushes the support plate outward, causing the slider to go deeper into the first guide groove and be limited and locked by the limiting latch, thereby fixing the disc and the positioning plate. Throughout the cutting process, when the electrode wire is being cut, the adjacent slider automatically retracts to avoid it, creating space for the annular channel to move. After the cutting is completed, the slider automatically extends to reconnect the disc and the positioning plate, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0020] 2. In this invention, the circumferential array is equipped with multiple sets of telescopic components and connecting components that correspond to each other. The disks and positioning plates with a certain distance are stably connected by sliders. When the release rod and the protrusion are activated, the adjacent sliders retract from the annular channel to make room, while the other sliders remain connected. This avoids the electrode wires at any time while maintaining the stable connection between the disks and the positioning plates.

[0021] Specifically, multiple sets of telescopic components and connecting components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc and positioning plate. In normal conditions, the slider of each telescopic component extends and is locked to the limiting latch of the corresponding connecting component through a bayonet, forming a stable connection structure with multi-point support. When the electrode wire is cutting in a certain annular channel, the release rod and the protrusion only act on the slider immediately adjacent to that position, causing it to retract from the annular channel and be limited and fixed by the anti-return latch, thus making necessary space for the cutting movement of the electrode wire. The sliders in other positions remain extended and continue to be locked, ensuring that the overall stability between the disc and the positioning plate is not affected. This design, which combines local avoidance with overall stability, not only meets the movement requirements of the electrode wire but also ensures the reliable fixation of the part to be cut to the disc. When the electrode wire finishes cutting and rotates to the next position, the previously retracted slider re-extends and locks under the action of the longitudinal plate, and the slider in the next position begins to retract and avoid, realizing dynamic balance and continuous stable operation during the cutting process.

[0022] 3. In this invention, the longitudinal plate of the L-shaped plate is responsible for resetting the slider that has passed the electrode wire and retracted, pushing the slider back into the first guide groove and locking it to restore a stable connection state.

[0023] Specifically, the longitudinal plate is positioned circumferentially behind the release rod. When the electrode wire completes its cutting work at a certain position and rotates to the next position, the slider at that position remains retracted. At this time, the disc and the ring maintain relative rotation. When the inverted U-shaped frame moves below the longitudinal plate, it is pushed back into the settling port by the longitudinal plate, causing the inverted U-shaped frame to rotate. The two ends at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped frame push the baffle to move, pushing the check lock tongue into the check limit groove, causing the check lock tongue to release its restriction on the push plate. Under the action of the return spring, the push plate and the slider move together towards the settling port. As the slider moves outward, it extends and enters the first guide groove. During the continued movement, the arc-shaped protrusion of the longitudinal plate pushes the support plate, ensuring that the slider enters deeper into the first guide groove and is further locked by the limiting latch. When the slider's slot is fully inside the first guide groove, the limiting latch automatically extends and locks the slot under the action of the limiting spring, re-establishing a stable connection between the slider and the positioning plate. This reset mechanism ensures that each slider can promptly restore its connection state after completing the avoidance task, effectively maintaining the overall structural stability between the disc and the positioning plate. Attached Figure Description

[0024] Figure 1 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the overall installation structure of the device of the present invention;

[0025] Figure 2 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the bottom structure of the positioning plate of the device of the present invention;

[0026] Figure 3 This is a schematic cross-sectional view of the coupling seat and positioning rod of the device of the present invention;

[0027] Figure 4 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the disc and positioning plate of the device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0028] Figure 5 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the disc and positioning plate of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0029] Figure 6 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the telescopic component of the device of the present invention. Figure 1 ;

[0030] Figure 7 This is a three-dimensional cross-sectional view of the telescopic component of the device of the present invention. Figure 2 ;

[0031] Figure 8 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the installation structure of the reset unit of the device of the present invention;

[0032] Figure 9 This is a three-dimensional schematic diagram of the disassembled structure of the reset unit of the device of the present invention;

[0033] In the diagram: Wire winding spool - 10; Bed - 11; Column - 12; Cantilever support - 13; Fixture bearing platform - 14; Coordinate worktable - 15; Workpiece - 16; Part to be cut - 17; Fixture - 18; Electrode wire - 19; Positioning plate - 20; Magnetic base - 21; Parallel ruler - 22; Preset hole - 23; Cover plate - 24; Coupling seat - 25; First fixing block - 26; Second fixing block - 27; Guide rail - 28; Sleeve - 29; Fixed Positioning rod-30; Inverted conical cylinder-31; Connecting cylinder-32; First flange-33; Second flange-34; Filler gasket-35; Clearance groove-36; Coupling latch-37; Guide rod-38; Coupling spring-39; Connecting hole-40; First guide groove-41; Second guide groove-42; Slider-43; Push plate-44; Return spring-45; Disc-46; Limiting cover ring-47; Ring body-48; Protrusion-49; Horizontal plate-50; Release rod-51; Connecting rod-52; Annular channel-53; Bayonet-54; Limiting latch-55; Toggle rod-56; Limiting spring-57; Vertical plate-58; Check valve limiting groove-59; Check valve latch-60; Check valve spring-61; Guide rod-62; Inverted U-shaped frame-63. Detailed Implementation

[0034] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present invention, and not all of the embodiments.

[0035] Contents not described in detail in this specification are prior art known to those skilled in the art. In the description of this invention, it should be understood that terms such as "center," "upper," "lower," "front," "rear," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "top," "bottom," "inner," "outer," "clockwise," and "counterclockwise," indicating orientations or positional relationships, are based on the orientations or positional relationships shown in the accompanying drawings and are only for the convenience of describing the invention and simplifying the description, and do not indicate or imply that the device or element referred to must have a specific orientation, or be constructed and operated in a specific orientation, and therefore should not be construed as a limitation of the invention. Furthermore, terms such as "first," "second," and "third," etc., are only used to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0036] Figures 1-9 As shown, a workpiece positioning and calibration device for a wire EDM CNC machine tool includes an electrode wire 19 connected to a wire winding spool 10, a bed 11, and a column 12. A cantilever bracket 13 is slidably mounted on the column 12. A coordinate worktable 15 and a fixture support table 14 are mounted on the bed 11. A workpiece 16 is fixedly mounted on the inner frame of the fixture support table 14 via a fixture 18. A positioning mechanism is mounted above the workpiece 16. The positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate 20. The two sides of the positioning plate 20 are detachably mounted on the outer frame of the fixture support table 14 via magnetic seats 21. The positioning plate 20 is equipped with... The device has a connecting hole 40, inside which a disc 46 is disposed. The electrode wire 19 passes through a pre-set hole in the disc 46 and the workpiece 16 and is connected to the winding drum 10 via a guide wheel. An annular channel 53 is formed between the outer periphery of the disc 46 and the inner wall of the connecting hole 40. Multiple sets of telescopic components are arranged in an array along the center of the disc 46. Multiple sets of connecting components are arranged on the inner wall of the connecting hole 40 corresponding to the telescopic components to detachably and fix the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20. A separation component is provided on the disc 46 to retract the adjacent telescopic components to avoid the electrode wire 19.

[0037] The machine bed 11 is equipped with a coordinate worktable 15 and a fixture support table 14. The coordinate worktable 15 includes a turntable at the bottom, which is driven by a combination of a servo motor and a worm gear. A horizontal and vertical worktable is installed on the turntable, and the fixture support table 14 is installed on the horizontal and vertical worktables. The horizontal and vertical worktables are used to adjust the horizontal (X-axis) or vertical (Y-axis) position of the fixture support table 14, and the turntable is used to drive the horizontal and vertical worktables and the fixture support table 14 to rotate together, thereby changing the circumferential coordinate position.

[0038] It should be noted that in this device, the electrode wire 19 is installed below the cantilever bracket 13 via upper and lower guide wheels. The electrode wire 19 passes through the clamp support platform 14, the horizontal and vertical worktables and the turntable. The turntable center and the shaft are provided with hollow structures. After the electrode wire passes through the hollow area of ​​the turntable, it is deflected by the guide wheels and then connected to the winding drum 10.

[0039] It should be noted that preset holes are provided on both the disc 46 and the workpiece 16, and the centers of the upper and lower preset holes overlap on the projection surface.

[0040] In this invention, before cutting the closed circular hole in the workpiece 16, the part to be cut 17 is firmly connected to the disk 46 by components such as the positioning plate 20, the disk 46, the magnetic base 21, and the inverted conical cylinder 31. This prevents the part to be cut 17 from falling off after being cut and damaging the electrode wire 19. At the same time, it avoids the need to stop the machine midway to limit and fix the part to be cut 17, effectively preventing the workpiece 16 from having obvious seams that affect the processing quality.

[0041] Specifically, a positioning plate 20 is installed above the workpiece 16 via a magnetic base 21. A disc 46 is detachably installed in the connecting hole 40 of the positioning plate 20 via a telescopic assembly. The bottom of the disc 46 is fixedly connected to the part 17 of the workpiece 16 to be cut via an inverted conical cylinder 31, a connecting cylinder 32, and a flange. The electrode wire 19 is vertically inserted and passes through a preset hole in the center of the disc 46 and the workpiece 16. When the wire EDM machine is started to cut the circular hole, the longitudinal and transverse worktables of the coordinate worktable 15 drive the fixture support table 14 and its... The components above move together along the clearance groove 36; after the electrode wire 19 cuts a through groove on the workpiece 16 corresponding to the clearance groove 36, it reaches the circumferential coordinate circle position of the part to be cut 17. At this time, the electrode wire 19 is exactly in the annular channel 53. The coupling seat 25 moves with the longitudinal and transverse worktables and docks with the stationary positioning rod 30; then, the turntable of the wire EDM machine starts, driving the positioning plate 20, the disc 46 and the workpiece 16 to rotate together, while the cover plate 24 and the ring 48 are connected to the positioning rod 30 through the coupling seat 25. The 0 remains stationary, allowing the ring 48, protrusion 49, connecting rod 52, and release rod 51 to rotate together relative to the connecting hole 40. During this relative rotation, the release rod 51 pushes the lever 56 to release the limiting position of the connecting assembly, causing the corresponding slider 43 to retract into the second guide groove 42. Subsequently, the protrusion 49 presses and pushes the support plate 44, causing the slider 43 to be limited and fixed by the check lock tongue 60 of the check unit, making room for the adjacent annular channel 53, thereby avoiding the electrode wire 19. The cutting continues... During the cutting process, when the telescopic component limited by the check valve unit approaches the longitudinal plate 58 of the L-shaped plate, the longitudinal plate 58 presses down on the U-shaped frame 63, causing the check valve tongue 60 to retract and release the limitation on the push plate 44; subsequently, the slider 43 extends into the first guide groove 41 under the action of the return spring 45, and the arc-shaped structure on the longitudinal plate 58 further pushes the push plate 44 to move outward, so that the slider 43 goes deeper into the first guide groove 41 and is limited and locked by the limit valve tongue 55, thereby fixing the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20 in place;

[0042] During the entire cutting process, when the electrode wire 19 is cutting, the adjacent slider 43 automatically retracts to avoid it, making room for the annular channel 53 to move. After the cutting is completed, the slider 43 automatically extends to reconnect the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20, ensuring the stability of the structure.

[0043] Furthermore, a positioning unit is provided inside the disc 46. The positioning unit includes a ring 48 and a limiting cover ring 47. The outer periphery of the disc 46 extends upward to form a ring. The top of the ring extends towards the center to form an integral structure of an inner skirt, which is the limiting cover ring 47. The ring 48 is rotatably fitted inside the limiting cover ring 47. A protrusion 49 and an L-shaped plate are fixed on the inner wall of the ring 48. A cover plate 24 is fixed on the top of the ring 48. An avoidance groove 36 is opened on the cover plate 24 extending radially outward from the center. Avoidance slots are opened on the ring 48, the disc 46, and the limiting cover ring 47 along the projection plane corresponding to the avoidance groove 36. The protrusion 49 and the L-shaped plate are located on both sides of the avoidance groove 36. The avoidance groove 36 and the avoidance slot provide avoidance channels for the electrode wire. A docking unit is provided on the top of the cover plate 24.

[0044] It should be noted that during the production and installation process, the limiting cover ring 47 and the edge of the disc 46 are connected by bolts.

[0045] Furthermore, the docking unit includes two coupling seats 25 fixedly mounted on the top of the cover plate 24. The two coupling seats 25 are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clearance groove 36, and the two coupling seats 25 are on the same straight line as the center of the cover plate 24. A first fixing block 26 is fixedly mounted below the cantilever bracket 13. A guide rail 28 is fixedly mounted on the first fixing block 26 in the opposite direction to the clearance groove 36. A second fixing block 27 is mounted on the guide rail 28. Two positioning rods 30 slide through the second fixing block 27 in the vertical direction. The two positioning rods 30 are symmetrical to the clearance groove 36 and are set corresponding to the coupling seats 25. When the control coordinate worktable 15 moves, the two positioning rods 30 enter the adjacent coupling seats 25 and are fixedly connected.

[0046] A second fixing block 27 is slidably mounted on the guide rail 28, and a sleeve 29 is mounted on the guide rail. The sleeve 29 is fixedly installed on the second fixing block 27, and a positioning screw is passed through the sleeve 29. The positioning screw is used to adjust the distance between the two fixing blocks for fixing, so as to adapt to workpieces of different radii.

[0047] Furthermore, the telescopic component includes a second guide groove 42, one end of which extends radially and communicates with the outside. A reset spring 45 and a slider 43 are installed from the inside to the outside of the second guide groove 42. The slider 43 slides within the second guide groove 42, and a latch 54 is formed at the top of the slider 43. The connecting component includes a first guide groove 41, the top of which has a first limiting groove forming a connection. A limiting spring 57 is fixed inside the first limiting groove. The free end of the limiting spring 57 is fixedly connected to a limiting latch 55. The main body of the limiting latch 55 is slidably installed within the first limiting groove, and the inclined end of the limiting latch 55 faces the slider 43. After the limiting latch 55 extends into the latch 54, it forms a limiting fixation with the slider 43.

[0048] Furthermore, a through groove is formed at the top of the second guide groove 42, and a push plate 44 is fixedly mounted on the top of the slider 43. The push plate 44 is slidably installed in the through groove, and the top of the push plate 44 extends above the disc 46. A check unit is provided on one side of the push plate 44; the check unit includes a check latch 60, a check spring 61, and a check limiting groove 59. The check limiting groove 59 is located inside the side wall of the through groove and its length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide groove 42. Figure 8 As shown); a guide rod and a check spring 61 are fixed at the bottom of the check limiting groove 59. The check spring 61 is sleeved on the guide rod. The end of the check latch 60 away from the inclined surface is slidably sleeved on the guide rod. The end of the check latch 60 is fixedly connected to the free end of the check spring 61. A second slot is opened on the end of the push plate 44 near the check latch 60. The check latch 60 extends into the second slot to fix the push plate 44 and the slider 43 together, so that the slider 43 is fixed in the second guide groove 42, making room for the adjacent annular channel 53, thereby avoiding the electrode wire 19.

[0049] In this invention, a circular array is provided with multiple sets of telescopic components and connecting components that correspond to each other. The disks 46 and the positioning plate 20 with spacing are stably connected by the sliders 43. When the release rod 51 and the protrusion 49 are activated, the adjacent sliders 43 retract from the annular channel 53 to make room, while the other sliders remain connected. This ensures that the disks 46 and the positioning plate 20 are stably connected while avoiding the electrode wires 19.

[0050] Specifically, multiple sets of telescopic components and connecting components are evenly distributed along the circumference of the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20. In normal operation, the slider 43 of each telescopic component extends and is locked to the corresponding connecting component's limiting latch 55 via the bayonet 54, forming a stable connection structure with multi-point support. When the electrode wire 19 is cutting in a certain annular channel 53, the release rod 51 and the protrusion 49 only act on the slider 43 immediately adjacent to that position, causing it to retract from the annular channel 53 and be limited and fixed by the check latch 60, thus making room for the cutting movement of the electrode wire 19. The slider 43 in other positions remains extended and locked, ensuring that the overall stability between the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20 is not affected. This design, which combines local avoidance with overall stability, not only meets the movement requirements of the electrode wire 19, but also ensures the reliable fixation of the part to be cut 17 and the disc 46. When the electrode wire 19 finishes cutting and rotates to the next position, the previously retracted slider 43 is extended and locked again under the action of the longitudinal plate 58, and the slider 43 in the next position begins to retract and avoid, thus achieving dynamic balance and continuous stable operation during the cutting process.

[0051] Furthermore, a reset unit is provided within the check limiting groove 59. The reset unit includes a check latch 60, with one end of the check latch 60 away from the inclined surface extending to both sides to form a baffle. A settlement opening is provided on the disc 46 at the top of the check limiting groove 59, connecting the check limiting groove 59 to the outside. An inverted U-shaped frame 63 is provided inside the settlement opening, with a rotating rod fixed in the middle of the inverted U-shaped frame 63. The rotating rod is mounted on the opposite side wall of the settlement opening via a bearing, and a torsion spring is provided on the rotating rod so that both ends of the inverted U-shaped frame 63 abut against the bottom ends of the baffle. Figure 9 (As shown); when the inverted U-shaped frame 63 located above the disc 46 is pressed down by the L-shaped plate, the inverted U-shaped frame 63 enters the settlement opening, and the two ends of the inverted U-shaped frame 63 push against the baffle, causing the locking tongue 60 to enter the check and limit groove 59, releasing the limit on the push plate 44.

[0052] In this invention, the longitudinal plate 58 of the L-shaped plate is responsible for resetting the slider 43, which has passed the electrode wire 19 and retracted, pushing the slider 43 back into the first guide groove 41 and locking it to restore a stable connection state.

[0053] Specifically, the longitudinal plate 58 is positioned circumferentially behind the release rod 51. When the electrode wire 19 completes the cutting operation at a certain position and rotates to the next position, the slider 43 at that position remains in a retracted state. At this time, the disc 46 and the ring 48 maintain relative rotation. When the inverted U-shaped frame 63 moves below the longitudinal plate 58, it is pushed back into the settling port by the longitudinal plate 58, causing the inverted U-shaped frame 63 to rotate. The two ends at the bottom of the inverted U-shaped frame 63 push the baffle to move, pushing the check lock tongue 60 into the check limit groove 59, causing the check lock tongue 60 to release the limit on the push plate 44. The push plate 44 and the slider 43 move together under the action of the return spring 45. As the slider 43 moves outward, it extends and enters the first guide groove 41. During the continued movement, the arc-shaped protrusion of the longitudinal plate 58 pushes the support plate 44, ensuring that the slider 43 enters the first guide groove 41 deeper and is further locked by the limiting locking tongue 55. When the slot 54 of the slider 43 is fully inserted into the first guide groove 41, the limiting locking tongue 55 automatically extends and locks the slot 54 under the action of the limiting spring 57, re-establishing a stable connection between the slider 43 and the positioning plate 20. This reset mechanism ensures that each slider 43 can restore the connection state in time after completing the avoidance task, effectively maintaining the overall structural stability between the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20.

[0054] Furthermore, a lever groove is provided on the side of the first limiting groove near the annular channel 53, and a lever 56 is fixed on the side of the limiting lock tongue 55 near the annular channel 53. The lever 56 is slidably installed in the lever groove.

[0055] The separation assembly includes a release rod 51 and a connecting rod 52. The release rod 51 is an arc-shaped structure adapted to the annular channel 53, and the connecting rod 52 is a semi-annular structure. The connecting rod 52 crosses the limiting cover ring 47 to fix the cover plate 24, the protrusion 49 and the release rod 51. The top of the release rod 51 is sloping, and the lowest point of the sloping structure is lower than the lowest point of the lever groove, and the highest point of the sloping structure is located below the top of the lever groove. When the coordinate worktable 15 is adjusted to make relative movement between the positioning plate 20 and the cover plate 24, the release rod 51 lifts the lever 56, which drives the limiting locking tongue 55 away from the bayonet 54 to release the restriction on the slider 43. The protrusion 49 then pushes the support plate 44 to move towards the center of the disc, so that the check lock tongue 60 extends into the buckle of the support plate 44 to form a fixation, and finally makes room for the adjacent annular channel 53, thereby avoiding the electrode wire 19.

[0056] It should be noted that the L-shaped plate includes a horizontal plate 50 and a vertical plate 58. The vertical plate 58 maintains a distance from the inner wall of the ring 48. The top of the vertical plate 58 is fixedly connected to the ring 48 through the horizontal plate 50. The bottom of the vertical plate 58 is slidably disposed on the top of the disc 46. The horizontal plate 50 maintains a distance from the top of the disc 46. Sufficient distance ensures that no interference occurs when the horizontal plate 50 moves with the push plate 44. Figure 6As shown);

[0057] The longitudinal plate 58 and the inverted U-shaped frame 63 are on the same circumferential direction. When the disc 46 and the ring 48 move relative to each other, the longitudinal plate 58 moves and presses down the inverted U-shaped frame 63, causing the inverted U-shaped frame to rotate. The two ends of the bottom of the inverted U-shaped frame 63 push the check lock tongue 60 into the check limit groove 59, causing the check lock tongue 60 to release the limit on the push plate 44. The push plate 44 and the slider 43 move outward together under the action of the return spring 45. The slider 43 extends out and enters the first guide groove 41. The longitudinal plate 58 has an arc-shaped protrusion structure. During the continued movement, the arc-shaped protrusion structure of the longitudinal plate 58 pushes the push plate 44, which helps the slider 43 to enter the first guide groove 41 more deeply and be further locked by the limit lock tongue 55. This slider 43 realizes the function of connecting the disc 46 and the positioning plate 20, making room for the annular channel 53, thereby avoiding the electrode wire 19.

[0058] Furthermore, the positioning rod 30 is provided with a limiting through groove in the vertical direction, and the coupling seat 25 is a groove-shaped structure with the opening of the groove-shaped structure facing the positioning rod 30. A self-locking unit is provided on one side of the coupling seat 25, and the self-locking unit and the opening of the groove-shaped structure are located on the same side. The self-locking unit includes a coupling slide, a coupling latch 37 and a coupling spring 39. The coupling slide is perpendicular to the limiting through groove of the positioning rod 30. The side of the coupling slide near the inner wall of the coupling seat 25 is set as a square groove, and the other side is set as a round hole groove. The diameter of the round hole groove is smaller than the side length of the square groove. The coupling spring 39 and the coupling latch 37 are slidably installed inside the square groove. A guide rod is fixed at one end of the coupling latch 37 away from the inclined surface. The guide rod slides through the coupling spring 39 and extends to the outside of the coupling seat 25, and a limiting baffle is fixed at the end.

[0059] Furthermore, a preset hole 23 is opened in the center of the workpiece 16, and an inverted conical cylinder 31 is fixed at the bottom center of the disc 46. A connecting cylinder 32 is fixed at the bottom of the inverted conical cylinder 31, and a first flange 33 is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder 32. The diameter of the first flange 33 is smaller than that of the preset hole 23. The inverted conical cylinder 31 extends into the preset hole 23 for centering. The bottom of the workpiece 16 is fixedly connected to the first flange 33 through the second flange 34, and the part to be cut 17 of the workpiece 16 is fixedly connected to the disc 46. This prevents the part to be cut 17 from falling off and damaging the electrode wire 19 after the workpiece 16 is cut.

[0060] It should be noted that when the first flange 33 is located below the workpiece 16 and the second flange 34 is fixedly connected to the first flange 33, a filling gasket 35 is provided between the second flange 34 and the bottom plate of the workpiece 16. The filling gasket 35 is used to fill the gap between the two for stable connection.

[0061] Furthermore, the inverted conical cylinder 31, the connecting cylinder 32, the first flange 33 and the second flange 34 are provided with clearance slots corresponding to the clearance slot 36 to facilitate the passage of the electrode wire 19; a parallel ruler 22 is provided on the top of the outer frame of the fixture support platform 14, and the parallel ruler 22 is used to check the position of the positioning plate 20 to determine the orientation of the clearance slot 36.

[0062] Among them, the filling shim 35 has a relief slot opening corresponding to the relief slot 36, which facilitates the passage of the motor wire 19;

[0063] It should be noted that an adjustable telescopic structure is provided between the magnetic base 21 and the positioning plate 20. This structure is similar to the sliding locking principle between the sleeve 29 and the guide rail 28.

[0064] The present invention has been illustrated through the above embodiments, but the present invention is not limited to the above embodiments, that is, it does not mean that the present invention must rely on the above embodiments to be implemented. Those skilled in the art should understand that all related improvements to the present invention fall within the protection and disclosure scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A workpiece positioning and calibration device for a wire EDM CNC machine tool, comprising an electrode wire (19) connected to a wire winding spool (10), a bed (11), and a column (12), wherein a cantilever bracket (13) is slidably mounted on the column (12), and a coordinate worktable (15) and a fixture support table (14) are mounted on the bed (11), characterized in that, The workpiece (16) is fixedly mounted on the inner frame of the fixture support platform (14) by a fixture (18). A positioning mechanism is installed above the workpiece (16). The positioning mechanism includes a positioning plate (20). The two sides of the positioning plate (20) are detachably mounted on the outer frame of the fixture support platform (14) by magnetic seats (21). The positioning plate (20) is provided with a connecting hole (40). A disc (46) is set inside the connecting hole (40). The part (17) to be cut of the workpiece (16) is fixedly connected to the disc (46). The electrode wire (19) passes through... After passing through the pre-set holes of the disc (46) and the workpiece (16), it is connected to the winding drum (10) via guide wheels; the outer periphery of the disc (46) and the inner wall of the connecting hole (40) are spaced apart to form an annular channel (53); multiple sets of telescopic components are arranged in an array along the center of the disc (46); multiple sets of connecting components are arranged on the inner wall of the connecting hole (40) corresponding to the telescopic components, and the disc (46) and the positioning plate (20) are detachably fixedly connected; a separation component is set on the disc (46) to retract the adjacent telescopic components to avoid the electrode wire (19); A positioning unit is provided inside the disc (46). The positioning unit includes a ring (48) and a limiting cover ring (47). The outer periphery of the disc (46) extends upward to form a ring. The top of the ring extends towards the center to form an integral structure of an inner skirt, which is the limiting cover ring (47). The ring (48) is rotatably fitted inside the limiting cover ring (47). A protrusion (49) and an L-shaped plate are fixed on the inner wall of the ring (48). A cover plate is fixed on the top of the ring (48). (24); A clearance groove (36) is provided on the cover plate (24) extending outward from the center of the radial plane. The ring (48), the disk (46) and the limiting cover ring (47) are all provided with clearance groove openings along the projection plane corresponding to the clearance groove (36). The protrusion (49) and the L-shaped plate are located on both sides of the clearance groove (36). The clearance groove (36) and the clearance groove opening provide clearance channels for the electrode wire. A docking unit is provided on the top of the cover plate (24). The docking unit includes two coupling seats (25) fixed on the top of the cover plate (24). The two coupling seats (25) are symmetrically arranged on both sides of the clearance groove (36), and the two coupling seats (25) and the center of the cover plate (24) are on the same straight line. A first fixing block (26) is fixed below the cantilever bracket (13). A guide rail (28) is fixed on the first fixing block (26) in the opposite direction to the clearance groove (36). A second fixing block (27) is arranged on the guide rail (28). Two positioning rods (30) slide through the second fixing block (27) along the electrode wire arrangement direction. The two positioning rods (30) are symmetrically arranged with respect to the extension line of the clearance groove (36) and are arranged corresponding to the coupling seats (25). When the control coordinate worktable (15) moves, the two positioning rods (30) enter the adjacent coupling seats (25) and are fixedly connected. The telescopic component includes a second guide groove (42), one end of which extends radially and communicates with the outside. The second guide groove (42) slides from the inside to the outside with a reset spring (45) and a slider (43). A slot (54) is opened at the top of the slider (43). The connecting component includes a first guide groove (41), the top of which is opened with a first limiting groove to form a connection. A limiting spring (57) is fixed inside the first limiting groove. The free end of the limiting spring (57) is fixedly connected to a limiting latch (55). The main body of the limiting latch (55) is slidably installed in the first limiting groove and the inclined end of the limiting latch (55) faces the slider (43). After the limiting latch (55) extends into the slot (54), it forms a limiting fixation with the slider (43). A through groove is opened at the top of the second guide groove (42), and a push plate (44) is fixedly installed at the top of the slider (43). The push plate (44) is slidably installed in the through groove, and the top of the push plate (44) extends above the disc (46). A check unit is provided on one side of the push plate (44). The check unit includes a check latch (60), a check spring (61), and a check limiting groove (59). The check limiting groove (59) is located in the side wall of the through groove and its length direction is perpendicular to the length direction of the second guide groove (42). A guide rod (62) and a guide rod are fixedly installed at the bottom of the check limiting groove (59). A check spring (61) is sleeved on a guide rod (62). The end of a check tongue (60) away from the inclined plane is slidably sleeved on the guide rod (62). The end of the check tongue (60) is fixedly connected to the free end of the check spring (61). A second slot is opened on the end of the push plate (44) near the check tongue (60). The check tongue (60) extends into the second slot to limit the push plate (44), so that the slider (43) is fixed in the second guide groove (42), making room for the adjacent annular channel (53) and thus avoiding the electrode wire (19). A reset unit is provided inside the check valve limiting groove (59). The reset unit includes a check valve tongue (60), and one end of the check valve tongue (60) away from the inclined surface extends to both sides to form a baffle. A settlement opening is provided on the disc (46) and located at the top of the check valve limiting groove (59). The settlement opening connects the check valve limiting groove (59) to the outside. An inverted U-shaped frame (63) is provided inside the settlement opening. A rotating rod is fixed in the middle of the inverted U-shaped frame (63). The rod is installed on the opposite side wall of the settlement opening through the bearing. A torsion spring is installed on the rotating rod so that the two ends of the inverted U-shaped frame (63) abut against the bottom of the two ends of the baffle. When the inverted U-shaped frame (63) located above the disc (46) is pressed down by the L-shaped plate, the inverted U-shaped frame (63) enters the settlement opening. At the same time, the two ends of the inverted U-shaped frame (63) push against the baffle, so that the locking tongue (60) enters the check groove (59) and releases the limit on the push plate (44). A lever groove is provided on the side of the first limiting groove near the annular channel (53). A lever (56) is fixed on the side of the limiting lock tongue (55) near the annular channel (53). The lever (56) is slidably installed in the lever groove. The separation assembly includes a release rod (51) and a connecting rod (52). The release rod (51) is an arc-shaped structure adapted to the annular channel (53). The connecting rod (52) is a semi-annular structure. The connecting rod (52) spans the limiting cover ring (47) and fixes the cover plate (24), the protrusion (49) and the release rod (51) in place. The top of the release rod (51) is a sloping structure. The low point is lower than the lowest point of the lever groove, and the high point of the slope structure is located below the top of the lever groove and is set close to it; when the coordinate worktable (15) is adjusted to make the positioning plate (20) and the cover plate (24) rotate relative to each other, the release rod (51) lifts the lever (56), drives the limit lock tongue (55) away from the bayonet (54) to release the restriction on the slider (43), and the protrusion (49) pushes the support plate (44) to move towards the center of the disk, so that the check lock tongue (60) extends into the buckle of the support plate (44) to form a fixation, making room for the adjacent annular channel (53) and thus avoiding the electrode wire (19).

2. The workpiece positioning and calibration device for a wire EDM CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The positioning rod (30) is provided with a limiting groove in the vertical direction. The coupling seat (25) is a groove structure with the opening of the groove structure facing the positioning rod (30). A self-locking unit is provided on one side of the coupling seat (25), and the self-locking unit and the opening of the groove structure are located on the same side. The self-locking unit includes a coupling slide, a coupling tongue (37) and a coupling spring (39). The coupling slide is perpendicular to the limiting through groove of the positioning rod (30). The side of the coupling slide near the inner wall of the coupling seat (25) is set as a square groove, and the other side is set as a round hole groove. The diameter of the round hole groove is smaller than the side length of the square groove. The coupling spring (39) and the coupling tongue (37) are slidably installed inside the square groove. A guide rod (38) is fixed on one end of the coupling tongue (37) away from the inclined plane. The guide rod (38) slides through the coupling spring (39) and extends to the outside of the coupling seat (25), and a limiting baffle is fixed at the end.

3. The workpiece positioning and calibration device for a wire EDM CNC machine tool according to claim 1, characterized in that, The workpiece (16) has a pre-set hole (23) at its center. An inverted conical cylinder (31) is fixed at the bottom center of the disc (46). A connecting cylinder (32) is fixed at the bottom of the inverted conical cylinder (31). A first flange (33) is fixed at the bottom end of the connecting cylinder (32). The diameter of the first flange (33) is smaller than the diameter of the pre-set hole (23). The inverted conical cylinder (31) extends into the pre-set hole (23) for centering. The bottom of the workpiece (16) is fixedly connected to the first flange (33) through the second flange (34). The part to be cut (17) of the workpiece (16) is fixedly connected to the disc (46). After the workpiece (16) is cut, the part to be cut (17) is prevented from falling off and damaging the electrode wire (19).

4. The workpiece positioning and calibration device for a wire EDM CNC machine tool according to claim 3, characterized in that, The inverted conical cylinder (31), connecting cylinder (32), first flange (33) and second flange (34) have clearance slots corresponding to the clearance slots (36) to facilitate the passage of the electrode wire (19); a parallel ruler (22) is set on the top of the outer frame of the fixture support platform (14). The parallel ruler (22) is used to check the position of the positioning plate (20) to determine the orientation of the clearance slots (36).

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