Trailer connecting device and traveling device

Abstract

The trailer connecting device comprises a first component used for being connected with a towing vehicle and a second component used for being connected with a towed vehicle, the first component and the second component are each provided with at least one buffering seat, a cavity is formed in each buffering seat, and a buffering shaft is coaxially arranged in each cavity in the corresponding buffering seat; flexible parts are fixed between the buffer shafts and the buffer seats in an extruding mode, in the two buffer seats corresponding to the first component and the second component, the buffer shaft in one buffer seat is connected with one end of a transition plate, and the buffer shaft in the other buffer seat is fixedly connected with the other end of the transition plate. The trailer connecting device is more suitable for driving under complex working conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of vehicle engineering, and in particular to a trailer connecting device and a running device. Background Art

[0002] The statements herein merely provide background information related to the present invention and do not necessarily constitute prior art.

[0003] In the field of traveling devices such as trailers, road transport, and construction machinery, trailer connectors are key components for connecting the towing vehicle to the towed vehicle or equipment. Their performance directly impacts the safety, stability, and comfort of the towing process. Trailer connectors are key components for connecting and towing vehicles and trailers, equipment and transport carriers, and other equipment. With the development of the industry, the performance requirements for trailer connectors are increasing. They not only require a stable and reliable connection to prevent dangerous situations such as detachment during towing, but also require good cushioning properties to cope with the impact of road bumps, load fluctuations, and other factors.

[0004] The current trailer connection device adopts a simple spring buffer. For example, patent application CN103538433A discloses a trailer towing connection device, which consists of a head connector, a tow bar connector, a tension adjuster, a tow bar, a buffer spring, a trailer connector, a connector pin, a tension bar latch and a tow bar latch. The buffer performance is achieved by using a buffer spring. However, if a single spring buffer solution is used, if faced with high-frequency and large-scale impacts under complex working conditions, it is very easy to cause spring fatigue failure and damage, affecting the safety of towing. Moreover, the spring buffer can only buffer impacts in a single direction, and the impact buffering effect under complex working conditions is not good. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In view of the shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a trailer connection device, a working method and a running device, which overcome the defect that the trailer connection device uses springs for buffering, is not easy to fail, and ensures the safety of towing.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention is implemented through the following technical solutions: In the first aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a trailer connection device, comprising a first component for connecting a tractor and a second component for connecting a towed vehicle, the first component and the second component are both provided with at least one buffer seat, the buffer seat having a cavity therein, the cavity inside the buffer seat being provided with a buffer shaft, a flexible member being squeezed and fixed between the buffer shaft and the buffer seat, and the buffer shaft inside one of the two buffer seats corresponding to the first component and the second component being connected to one end of a transition plate, and the buffer shaft inside the other buffer seat being fixedly connected to the other end of the transition plate.

[0007] Optionally, the cross section of the buffer shaft is polygonal and has multiple axial surfaces, and a flexible member is provided between each axial surface and the cavity surface of the internal cavity of the buffer seat.

[0008] Optionally, the flexible member is a flexible rod, and the flexible rod is arranged along the axial direction of the buffer seat and the buffer shaft.

[0009] Optionally, a locking block is provided at the end of the buffer shaft, and the locking block extends to the outside of the buffer seat. The inner side surface of the end of the transition plate is provided with a locking groove matching the locking block. The locking block is embedded in the locking groove, and the transition plate is locked and fixed to the buffer shaft through a locking component.

[0010] Optionally, a protective coating is provided on the cavity surface of the internal cavity of the buffer seat.

[0011] Optionally, the first component includes a connecting plate, one side of the connecting plate is connected to a connector, and the other side is provided with at least one first fixing ear plate, the first fixing ear plate is provided with a first fixing groove, and the first fixing ear plate is fixedly connected to the buffer seat through the first fixing groove.

[0012] Optionally, the connecting plate is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes distributed vertically, and the connector is fixedly connected to the first connecting plate through the first fixing holes.

[0013] Optionally, the second component includes at least one second fixing ear plate, the second fixing ear plate is provided with a second fixing groove, and the second fixing ear plate is fixedly connected to the buffer group through the second fixing groove.

[0014] Optionally, the second fixing lug plate is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes distributed vertically, and the second fixing lug plate can be fixed to the towed vehicle through the second fixing holes.

[0015] In a second aspect, an embodiment of the present invention provides a traveling device, comprising the trailer connection device described in the first aspect, wherein the first component is connected to the tractor, and the second component is connected to the towed vehicle.

[0016] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: 1. The trailer connection device of the present invention is provided with a buffer seat, a buffer shaft and a flexible member squeezed between the buffer shaft and the buffer seat. During driving, when encountering impact force generated by situations such as road bumps, starting and braking, the transition plate can swing, thereby causing the buffer shaft to rotate, and the flexible member to elastically deform and absorb part of the impact force. When the impact force disappears, the flexible member relies on its own resilience to restore to its initial state. The torsion force of the buffer shaft on the flexible member is used to replace the axial elastic force of the spring to achieve buffering. The flexible member is not easy to fail and has a long service life. Moreover, the flexible member is squeezed and fixed to the buffer seat, which can achieve axial and radial multi-directional buffering and has multi-directional buffering characteristics. Compared with spring buffering, it can cope with impacts under more complex working conditions and improves applicability. 2. The trailer connection device of the present invention has a plurality of first fixing holes arranged vertically, and a plurality of second fixing holes arranged vertically. The installation position of the connector and the entire trailer connection device can be adjusted according to the height of the tractor and the towed vehicle, and is adaptable to application scenarios with various specifications and connection position requirements. There is no need to customize different trailer connectors, which reduces the cost of use and improves the convenience and versatility of use. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0017] The accompanying drawings, which constitute a part of the present invention, are used to provide a further understanding of the present invention. The exemplary embodiments of the present invention and their descriptions are used to explain the present invention and do not constitute improper limitations on the present invention.

[0018] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the overall structure of Example 1 of the present invention Figure 2 Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the assembly of the buffer seat, rubber rod and buffer shaft in Example 1 of the present invention; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the finite element analysis of the trailer connection device of embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the finite element analysis of the trailer connection device of embodiment 1 of the present invention. Figure 2 ; Among them, 1. buffer seat, 2. buffer shaft, 3. transition plate, 4. connecting plate, 5. connector, 6. first fixed ear plate, 7. second fixed ear plate, 8. rubber rod, 9. locking block, 10. locking bolt. DETAILED DESCRIPTION Example 1 This embodiment provides a trailer connection device, such as Figure 1-Figure 3 As shown, it includes a first component and a second component, the first component is used to connect to the tractor, and the second component is used to connect to the towed vehicle. A torsion buffer mechanism is provided between the first component and the second component, and the torsion buffer mechanism is used to buffer the impact force generated during the towing process.

[0019] The torsion buffer mechanism includes at least one first buffer assembly connected to the first component and at least one second buffer assembly connected to the second component, wherein a transition plate is provided between the corresponding first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly.

[0020] The first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly have the same structure, both including a buffer seat 1, a buffer shaft 2 and a flexible member.

[0021] The buffer seat 1 of the first buffer assembly is fixedly connected to the first component, and the buffer seat 1 of the second buffer assembly is fixedly connected to the second component.

[0022] A cavity is provided inside the buffer seat 1 , and a buffer shaft 2 is coaxially provided in the cavity. A flexible member is squeezed and fixed between the buffer shaft 2 and the cavity surface of the buffer seat 1 .

[0023] The end of the buffer shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the transition plate 3 .

[0024] The first component includes a connecting plate 4. The connecting plate 4 is a U-shaped plate, including a first plate portion and a second plate portion and a third plate portion vertically arranged at both ends of the first plate portion.

[0025] The second plate portion and the third plate portion are provided with first fixing holes, and the connecting plate is fixed with a connector 5 through the first fixing holes. The connector 5 is used to connect to the tractor.

[0026] The connector 5 can be an existing device, and its specific structure will not be described in detail here.

[0027] Furthermore, a plurality of first fixing holes are provided, and the plurality of first fixing holes are distributed vertically, so that the installation position of the connector 5 on the connecting plate 4 can be adjusted.

[0028] Multiple first fixing holes are evenly spaced vertically, and the inner walls of the first fixing holes are finely processed and equipped with suitable high-strength bolts.

[0029] A connector 5 is provided on one side of the first plate portion, and at least one first fixing ear plate 6 is provided on the other side of the plate. Preferably, two first fixing ear plates 6 are provided, and the first fixing ear plates 6 are arranged perpendicular to the first plate portion. A first fixing groove matching the buffer seat 1 is provided on the first fixing ear plate 6, and the first fixing groove is clamped on the outer periphery of the buffer seat 1 and welded to the buffer seat 1.

[0030] In this embodiment, the first component is connected to two first buffer components distributed up and down, so the first fixing ear plate is provided with two first fixing grooves, and the buffer seats 1 are fixed in the two first fixing grooves.

[0031] The second component includes at least one second fixed ear plate 7. In this embodiment, two second fixed ear plates 7 are provided. The two second fixed ear plates 7 are arranged in parallel. A connecting plate is provided between the two second fixed ear plates 7 to connect the two second fixed ear plates 7 into a whole. A second fixing groove is provided on one side of the second fixed ear plate 7. The second fixing groove is clamped on the outer periphery of the buffer seat 1 of the second buffer assembly and is welded and fixed to the buffer seat 1.

[0032] Two second buffer assemblies are provided, and thus two second fixing grooves are provided.

[0033] A second fixing hole is formed on the other side of the second fixing lug plate 7 , and the second fixing lug plate 7 can be connected to the towed vehicle through the second fixing hole.

[0034] The hole surface of the second fixing hole is finely processed and equipped with suitable high-strength bolts.

[0035] Furthermore, a plurality of second fixing holes are provided, and the plurality of second fixing holes are evenly spaced vertically, so that the installation position of the entire trailer connecting device on the towed vehicle can be adjusted.

[0036] Since multiple first fixing holes and second fixing holes are provided and are evenly spaced vertically, the installation position of the connector and the entire trailer connection device can be adjusted according to the height of the tractor and the towed vehicle, adapting to application scenarios with various specifications and connection position requirements. There is no need to customize different trailer connectors, reducing usage costs and improving ease of use and versatility.

[0037] The buffer seat 1 is made of wear-resistant and deformation-resistant metal material, preferably, Q355B steel, and its cross-section is square. Arc transitions are set at the corners of the buffer seat. The buffer seat 1 is welded and fixed to the first component and the second component. The welding parts are inspected by flaw detection to ensure welding strength and sealing, so as to avoid the buffer seat 1 falling off due to welding defects during operation.

[0038] A chamber for accommodating the buffer shaft 2 and the flexible part is provided inside the buffer seat 1. The two ends of the buffer seat 1 are open. The shape and size of the chamber are adapted to the flexible part and the buffer shaft, and a protective coating is provided on the wall of the chamber to improve the stability of the friction between the flexible part and the chamber and ensure the buffering effect.

[0039] The anti-slip and wear-resistant coating includes a galvanized layer of not less than 55um and an anti-corrosion paint layer located on the outer surface of the galvanized layer. The thickness of the anti-corrosion paint layer is not less than 280um. The anti-corrosion paint layer can use the current anti-corrosion paint and will not be described in detail here.

[0040] The buffer shaft 2 adopts a polygonal shaft, preferably a regular quadrilateral shaft with four axial surfaces. A flexible part is provided between each axial surface and the corner of the cavity surface inside the buffer seat 1. The flexible part will not completely fill the space between the buffer shaft and the cavity surface, so that the flexible part has a certain deformation space. The flexible part is symmetrically arranged relative to the center of the buffer group to avoid twisting and offset of the flexible part due to uneven force, thereby improving the stability and buffering efficiency of the buffer mechanism. The four corners of the buffer shaft have a set distance from the inner surface of the buffer seat. By setting this distance, it can not only play a buffering role, but also prevent the elastic failure of the flexible part caused by the buffer transition.

[0041] The axial length of the buffer shaft 2 is the same as that of the buffer seat 1 , and the end faces on the same side thereof are flush with each other and located on the same plane.

[0042] The flexible member is a flexible rod made of a flexible material. Preferably, the flexible member is made of rubber, which is a rubber rod 8. It can elastically deform along the direction of the dragging force (such as axial, radial and other directions, optimized according to the actual working conditions), and effectively absorb the impact force generated by road bumps, load start and stop during the towing process. Compared with the traditional single spring buffer structure, the multi-directional buffering characteristics of the rubber rod can cope with more complex working conditions.

[0043] The end of the buffer shaft 2 is fixedly connected to the end of the transition plate 3 .

[0044] Specifically, in the corresponding first buffer assembly and the second buffer assembly, both ends of the buffer shaft 2 of the first buffer assembly are fixedly connected to one end of the transition plate 3, and both ends of the buffer shaft 2 of the second buffer assembly are fixedly connected to the other end of the transition plate 3.

[0045] In order to ensure the tightness of the connection between the transition plate 3 and the end of the buffer shaft 2, a locking block 9 is provided at the end of the buffer shaft 2. Preferably, the locking block 9 is a regular quadrilateral locking block, which protrudes to the outside of the end of the buffer seat 1. Accordingly, the inner side surface of the end of the transition plate 3 is provided with a locking groove that matches the locking block 9. The locking block 9 is embedded in the locking groove, so that relative rotation cannot be generated between the transition plate 3 and the buffer shaft 2. The end of the transition plate 3 is fixedly connected to the buffer shaft by a locking component. In this embodiment, the locking component is a locking bolt 10.

[0046] There are threaded holes at the end of the buffer shaft and the center of the locking block, and a fixing hole matching the threaded hole is provided at the end of the transition plate. The locking bolt 10 passes through the fixing hole and is fixedly connected to the buffer shaft 2 through the threaded hole. The ends of the buffer shaft and the transition plate are locked and fixed by the locking bolt 10.

[0047] By providing the locking block and the locking groove, the connection stability of the buffer shaft 2 and the transition plate 3 is ensured, and the buffer shaft 2 and the transition plate 3 will not be relatively displaced due to factors such as vibration during the towing process.

[0048] The working principle of the trailer connection device of this embodiment is: The connector 5 is connected to the tractor, and the second fixed lug 7 is connected to the towed vehicle. The tractor and the towed vehicle are connected through the entire connecting device.

[0049] When the tractor is moving and encounters impact force caused by bumpy road, starting and braking, etc. during the towing operation, the impact force first acts on the first component, and the first component transmits the force to the torsion buffer mechanism. The transition plate 3 of the torsion buffer mechanism swings under the action of the impact force, and the rubber rod 8 in the buffer seat 1 elastically deforms along the direction defined by the buffer shaft 2 to absorb and buffer the impact force. When the impact force disappears, the rubber rod relies on its own elastic rebound force to return to its initial state and wait for the next buffering operation.

[0050] Furthermore, a top screw 11 is provided at the end of the transition plate connected to the buffer shaft of the second buffer assembly. The top screw 11 is threadedly connected to the transition plate 3 and is tightened against the surface of the locking block at the end of the buffer shaft 2, thereby increasing the connection strength between the transition plate 3 and the buffer shaft 2 and preventing loosening between the transition plate 3 and the buffer shaft 2.

[0051] The transition plate 3 acts as a bridge in the entire process of force transmission and mechanism coordination, rationally distributing the force exerted on the first component to the torsion buffer mechanism and the second component, while ensuring the coordination of movement and force transmission between the various mechanisms, and improving the adaptability and reliability of the entire trailer connection device under complex working conditions.

[0052] The trailer connection device of this embodiment is subjected to a force finite element simulation analysis. Figure 4-Figure 5 As shown in the figure, finite element analysis results show that the stress distribution of the trailer connection device under load exhibits obvious regional characteristics. The connection between the first and second components experiences local stress concentration due to the need to transmit the drag force and the displacement of the restraint device. This is consistent with the mechanical properties of bolts in actual working conditions, where they bear shear and tensile loads. The stress gradient at the welded connection between the buffer seat and the first and second components is relatively gentle, indicating that the welding fixation method effectively disperses the impact force during the buffering process. The elastic deformation of the rubber rod can absorb some of the energy, reducing the stress peak of the trailer device's overall structure.

[0053] The uniform stress distribution in the transition plate connection area indicates that its structural design effectively transmits torque and impact forces, avoiding the risk of structural failure due to stress concentration. Overall, the device's stress distribution conforms to the expected mechanical transmission path. The elastic elements of the buffer mechanism work synergistically with the rigid structure to ensure connection reliability while mitigating peak stresses through flexible buffering. This can be used to optimize local structures to further reduce stress concentration and improve the device's fatigue life.

[0054] The trailer connection device of this embodiment, when encountering impact force generated by road bumps, starting and braking, etc., the transition plate 3 can swing, thereby causing the buffer shaft 2 to rotate, and the rubber rod 8 to elastically deform, absorbing part of the impact force. When the impact force disappears, the rubber rod relies on its own resilience to restore to its initial state. The torsional force of the buffer shaft on the rubber rod 8 is used to replace the axial elastic force of the spring to achieve buffering. The rubber rod 8 is not easy to fail and has a long service life. Moreover, the rubber rod 8 is squeezed and fixed to the buffer seat 1, which can achieve axial and radial multi-directional buffering. It has multi-directional buffering characteristics. Compared with spring buffering, it can cope with impacts in more complex working conditions and improves applicability.

[0055] Example 2 This embodiment provides a traveling device, which is provided with the trailer connection device described in Example 1, wherein the first component is connected to the tractor through the connector 5, and the second fixed lug 7 is connected to the towed vehicle.

[0056] The tractor and the towed vehicle can adopt existing technology, and their specific structures are not described in detail here.

[0057] In this embodiment, the traveling device is a trailer-type RV, an agricultural trailer, an engineering transport vehicle, a freight trailer, etc., and those skilled in the art can configure it according to actual needs.

[0058] The above description is merely a preferred embodiment of the present application and is not intended to limit the present application. Various modifications and variations are possible for those skilled in the art. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, or improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present application shall be included within the scope of protection of the present application.

Claims

1. A trailer connection device, characterized in that: The utility model comprises a first component for connecting a tractor and a second component for connecting a towed vehicle, wherein the first component and the second component are both provided with at least one buffer seat, the buffer seat has a cavity inside, the cavity inside the buffer seat is provided with a buffer shaft, a flexible member is squeezed and fixed between the buffer shaft and the buffer seat, and the buffer shaft inside one of the two buffer seats corresponding to the first component and the second component is connected to one end of the transition plate, and the buffer shaft inside the other buffer seat is fixedly connected to the other end of the transition plate.

2. A trailer connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cross section of the buffer shaft is polygonal and has a plurality of axial surfaces. A flexible member is provided between each axial surface and the cavity surface of the internal cavity of the buffer seat.

3. A trailer connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flexible member is a flexible rod, which is arranged along the axis direction of the buffer seat and the buffer shaft.

4. A trailer connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The end of the buffer shaft is provided with a locking block, which extends to the outside of the buffer seat. The inner side surface of the end of the transition plate is provided with a locking groove that matches the locking block. The locking block is embedded in the locking groove, and the transition plate is locked and fixed to the buffer shaft through a locking component.

5. A trailer connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cavity surface of the internal cavity of the buffer seat is provided with a protective coating.

6. A trailer connection device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first component includes a connecting plate, one side of the connecting plate is connected to a connector, and the other side is provided with at least one first fixing ear plate, the first fixing ear plate is provided with a first fixing groove, and the first fixing ear plate is fixedly connected to the buffer seat through the first fixing groove.

7. A trailer connection device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting plate is provided with a plurality of first fixing holes distributed vertically, and the connector is fixedly connected to the connecting plate through the first fixing holes.

8. The trailer connection device according to claim 1, wherein: The second component includes at least one second fixing ear plate, the second fixing ear plate is provided with a second fixing groove, and the second fixing ear plate is fixedly connected to the buffer group through the second fixing groove.

9. A trailer connection device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The second fixing lug plate is provided with a plurality of second fixing holes distributed vertically, and the second fixing lug plate can be fixed to the towed vehicle through the second fixing holes.

10. A walking device, characterized in that: The trailer connecting device comprises the trailer connecting device according to any one of claims 1 to 9, wherein the first component is connected to the tractor and the second component is connected to the towed vehicle.

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