Solid material fermentation combined unit and solid fermentation material preparation method

Abstract

The present application relates to the technical field of microbial fermentation, and discloses a solid material fermentation combined unit and a solid fermentation material preparation method. The solid material fermentation combined unit comprises a fermentation combined tower, which is composed of three longitudinally combined fermentation bins with the same structure, is used for sequentially receiving materials from top to bottom and completes multi-stage fermentation, and comprises a uniform spraying vertical pipe arranged in a longitudinal array in a fermentation area and a pressure supply assembly connected with the uniform spraying vertical pipe. A plurality of flexible elastic pushing walls are arranged on the outer wall of the uniform spraying vertical pipe in an axial direction. A plurality of groups of telescopic columns are arranged in the uniform spraying vertical pipe corresponding to the position of each pushing wall. Each group of telescopic columns is composed of four telescopic units distributed in a cross shape, and the telescopic ends of the telescopic units are respectively connected to the inner walls of the pushing walls in four directions. The flexible elastic pushing walls are arranged on the outer wall of the uniform spraying vertical pipe, and the pushing walls are driven by the internal telescopic columns to be radially inflated at regular time, so that the fermentation materials can be periodically and flexibly disturbed.

Description

TECHNICAL FIELD

[0001] The present application relates to the field of microbial fermentation, more particularly, it relates to a solid material fermentation combined unit and a solid fermentation material preparation method. BACKGROUND

[0002] Solid material fermentation is an important production method in the field of biotechnology, and is widely used in feed, fertilizer, food, medicine and other industries. Traditional solid material fermentation usually adopts static stacking fermentation or simple stirring fermentation.

[0003] During the fermentation of solid materials, due to the reasons such as microbial metabolic products and water evaporation, it is easy to be hardened, which leads to poor internal permeability of the material, blocked oxygen and heat transfer, affects the normal growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and reduces the fermentation efficiency and product quality. Therefore, we propose a solid material fermentation combined unit and a solid fermentation material preparation method. SUMMARY

[0004] The present application provides a solid material fermentation combined unit and a solid fermentation material preparation method, which solves the technical problems in the related art that the solid material is hardened, which leads to poor internal permeability of the material, blocked oxygen and heat transfer, affects the normal growth and metabolism of microorganisms, and reduces the fermentation efficiency and product quality.

[0005] The first aspect of the present application provides a solid material fermentation combined unit, comprising: a fermentation combined tower, the fermentation combined tower is composed of three longitudinally combined and structurally identical fermentation bins, for sequentially receiving materials from top to bottom and completing multi-stage fermentation;

[0006] The fermentation bin comprises a uniform spraying vertical pipe arranged longitudinally in the fermentation area and a pressure supply assembly connected with the uniform spraying vertical pipe, the outer wall of the uniform spraying vertical pipe is spaced apart along the axial direction and is provided with a plurality of flexible elastic pushing walls, the inside of the uniform spraying vertical pipe is provided with a plurality of groups of telescopic columns corresponding to the position of each pushing wall, each group of telescopic columns is composed of four telescopic units distributed in a cross shape, the telescopic ends of the telescopic units are respectively abutted on the four directions of the inner wall of the pushing wall, and the telescopic columns are connected with the pressure supply assembly through a pipeline for control connection;

[0007] When the fermentation bin is filled with solid materials, the pressure supply assembly drives the telescopic columns to elongate at a regular time while the uniform spraying vertical pipe transports the bacteria gas, which pushes the pushing walls of the corresponding height to bulge in four directions, so as to promote the radial displacement of the solid materials in this area to reduce the hardening. When the materials in the current fermentation bin reach the preset fermentation period, they are discharged into the next stage of fermentation bin for continuous fermentation, and the process is repeated until the whole fermentation process is completed.

[0008] Further, the three fermentation bins of the fermentation combination tower are respectively a first fermentation bin, a second fermentation bin and a third fermentation bin, and the three fermentation bins are arranged from top to bottom as the first fermentation bin, the second fermentation bin and the third fermentation bin, and the first fermentation bin, the second fermentation bin and the third fermentation bin are longitudinally combined in a head-to-tail manner.

[0009] Further, the top end of the first fermentation bin is provided with two identical and mutually parallel spiral feeding members, each of which is composed of two propellers, and the rotation of the propellers in the spiral feeding member conveys the solid material into the first fermentation bin until the solid material reaches a specified height.

[0010] Further, the lower part of the spiral feeding member is provided with a plurality of spiral material distribution members, the plurality of spiral material distribution members are mutually parallel, and the plurality of spiral material distribution members are all rotationally connected with the first fermentation bin, and the plurality of spiral material distribution members are driven by a belt.

[0011] Further, the lower part of the first fermentation bin is fixedly provided with a trapezoidal structure of a material collecting bin, the width size of the material collecting bin gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom of the material collecting bin is provided with a plurality of discharge rollers.

[0012] Further, the plurality of discharge rollers are mutually parallel, and a plurality of flashboard are fixedly arranged on each discharge roller, the plurality of flashboard are all triangular, the flashboard on adjacent two discharge rollers are meshed with each other, and the downward movement of the solid raw material is controlled.

[0013] Further, one side of the fermentation combination tower is provided with a blower, and the air outlet end of the blower is fixedly connected with a blower main pipe, the air outlet end of the blower main pipe is provided with three shunt pipe networks, the three shunt pipe networks correspond to the first fermentation bin, the second fermentation bin and the third fermentation bin respectively, and the shunt pipe networks in the first fermentation bin, the second fermentation bin and the third fermentation bin are all in communication with the corresponding uniform spray vertical pipes.

[0014] Further, the pressure supply assembly further comprises a pressurizing gas pump, the gas outlet end of the pressurizing gas pump is connected with a pressurizing pipe, the diameter size of the pressurizing pipe is smaller than the diameter size of the blower main pipe, the shunt pipe network and the uniform spray vertical pipe, the pressurizing pipe penetrates the blower main pipe, the shunt pipe network and the uniform spray vertical pipe in sequence, and a plurality of telescopic columns are in communication with the pressurizing pipe.

[0015] Further, the top of the fermentation combination tower is fixedly provided with a gas collecting and air guiding pipe, the end of the gas collecting and air guiding pipe away from the fermentation combination tower is connected with an air guiding fan, and the air outlet end of the air guiding fan is connected with a waste gas treatment tank.

[0016] The second aspect of the present application provides a solid fermentation material preparation method using the fermentation combination unit, which comprises the following steps:

[0017] S1, material loading: solid material is input into the first fermentation bin through a screw feeding part, is flattened to a specified height through a screw distributing part, and the uniform spray vertical pipe is completely buried in the material;

[0018] S2, primary fermentation: a blower is started to input strain gas into the uniform spray vertical pipe, and a pressure gas pump is driven in time to drive the telescopic column to elongate, the material is pushed to make the pushing wall radially bulge to loosen the material, and fermentation is carried out in the first fermentation bin for a preset period;

[0019] S3, step-by-step discharging: the discharging roller of the first fermentation bin is controlled to step-by-step rotate, and the surface layer material is quantitatively discharged into the second fermentation bin through the alternative engagement of the opening and closing plates;

[0020] S4, secondary fermentation: the gas supply and telescopic column driving operation of step S2 are repeated in the second fermentation bin, and a second-stage fermentation period is completed;

[0021] S5, final-stage fermentation: the discharging roller of the second fermentation bin is controlled to step-by-step rotate, the material is discharged into the third fermentation bin, and the gas supply and anti-caking operation are repeated until fermentation is completed;

[0022] S6, continuous circulation: when the first fermentation bin discharges material into the second fermentation bin, new material loading is simultaneously carried out, and continuous circulation operation of the three-stage fermentation bin is formed.

[0023] The beneficial effects of the present application are that:

[0024] The present application can periodically flexibly disturb the fermentation material by arranging a flexible elastic pushing wall on the outer wall of the uniform spray vertical pipe and driving the pushing wall to radially bulge by the internal telescopic column, effectively destroys the material caking, increases the porosity and air permeability of the material, promotes the uniform transmission of oxygen and heat, and thus significantly improves the fermentation efficiency and material conversion rate.

[0025] The fermentation combined tower is composed of three longitudinally combined fermentation bins, the material can be sequentially subjected to multi-stage fermentation from top to bottom, the continuous and automatic fermentation process is realized by combining the step-by-step discharging mechanism, the production efficiency is greatly improved, and the labor cost is reduced. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF DRAWINGS

[0026] Figure 1 is a whole structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0027] Figure 2 is a back structure schematic diagram of the fermentation combined tower of the present application;

[0028] Figure 3 is an internal structure schematic diagram of the first fermentation bin of the present application;

[0029] Figure 4 is a material collecting bin structure schematic diagram of the present application;

[0030] Figure 5Fig. 1 is a structural schematic diagram of a spiral material distributing member of the present application;

[0031] Figure 6 Fig. 2 is a structural schematic diagram of a spiral material discharging roller of the present application;

[0032] Figure 7 Fig. 3 is a structural schematic diagram of a uniform spraying vertical pipe of the present application;

[0033] Figure 8 Fig. 4 is a structural schematic diagram of the inside of the uniform spraying vertical pipe of the present application.

[0034] In the figure: 11, fermentation combined tower; 21, first fermentation bin; 22, second fermentation bin; 23, third fermentation bin; 24, spiral feeding member; 25, spiral material distributing member; 26, material discharging roller; 27, material collecting bin; 28, opening and closing plate; 31, air supply fan; 32, air supply main pipe; 33, shunt pipe network; 34, uniform spraying vertical pipe; 35, gas collecting and air inducing pipe; 36, air inducing fan; 37, waste gas treatment tank; 38, air injection hole; 41, pressurizing pipe; 42, pressurizing gas pump; 43, flexible pushing wall; 44, telescopic column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0035] The subject matter described herein will now be discussed with reference to example implementations. It should be understood that the discussion of these implementations is merely meant to provide a better understanding of the subject matter described herein and can be changed in function and arrangement without departing from the scope of the present description. Various processes or components can be omitted, substituted, or added according to desired implementations. Additionally, features described with respect to some examples can be combined in other examples.

[0036] Example One

[0037] As shown in Fig. 1, a solid material fermentation combined unit, fermentation combined tower 11, the fermentation combined tower 11 is composed of three longitudinally combined and structurally identical fermentation bins, for sequentially receiving material from top to bottom and completing multi-stage fermentation; Figure 1 Figure 8 The fermentation bin includes a uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 arranged longitudinally in the fermentation area and a pressure supply assembly connected with the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34, the outer wall of the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 is spacedly provided with a plurality of flexible and elastic pushing walls 43 along the axial direction, and the inside of the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 is provided with a plurality of groups of telescopic columns 44 corresponding to the positions of each pushing wall 43, each group of telescopic columns 44 is composed of four telescopic units distributed in a cross shape, the telescopic ends of which are respectively abutted against the inner walls of the pushing wall 43 in four directions, and the telescopic columns 44 are connected with the pressure supply assembly through a pipeline for control connection;

[0038] The fermentation bin includes a uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 arranged longitudinally in the fermentation area and a pressure supply assembly connected with the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34, the outer wall of the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 is spacedly provided with a plurality of flexible and elastic pushing walls 43 along the axial direction, and the inside of the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 is provided with a plurality of groups of telescopic columns 44 corresponding to the positions of each pushing wall 43, each group of telescopic columns 44 is composed of four telescopic units distributed in a cross shape, the telescopic ends of which are respectively abutted against the inner walls of the pushing wall 43 in four directions, and the telescopic columns 44 are connected with the pressure supply assembly through a pipeline for control connection;

[0039] ​When the fermentation bin is filled with solid materials, the strain gas is delivered through the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34, and at the same time, the pressure supply assembly drives the telescopic column 44 to extend at a certain time, pushes the corresponding height of the pushing wall 43 to bulge in four directions, promotes the radial displacement of the solid materials in this area to reduce the hardening, and after the materials in the current fermentation bin reach the preset fermentation period, they are discharged into the next level of fermentation bin for continuous fermentation, and the circulation is carried out in turn until the whole fermentation process is completed.

[0040] The three fermentation bins of the fermentation combined tower 11 are respectively a first fermentation bin 21, a second fermentation bin 22 and a third fermentation bin 23, and the three fermentation bins are distributed from top to bottom as the first fermentation bin 21, the second fermentation bin 22 and the third fermentation bin 23, and the first fermentation bin 21, the second fermentation bin 22 and the third fermentation bin 23 are longitudinally combined in a head-to-tail manner.

[0041] The continuous gradient fermentation of materials is realized, the total fermentation period is shortened, the three-dimensional layout reduces the occupied area, and the equipment investment is reduced,

[0042] The top end of the first fermentation bin 21 is provided with two same and mutually parallel spiral feeding pieces 24, each spiral feeding piece 24 is composed of two propellers, and the rotation of the propellers in the spiral feeding piece 24 delivers the solid materials into the first fermentation bin 21 until the solid material accumulation height reaches the specified height.

[0043] A plurality of spiral material distributing pieces 25 are arranged below the spiral feeding piece 24, the plurality of spiral material distributing pieces 25 are mutually parallel, and the plurality of spiral material distributing pieces 25 are all rotationally connected with the first fermentation bin 21, and the plurality of spiral material distributing pieces 25 are driven by belts.

[0044] The lower part of the first fermentation bin 21 is fixedly provided with a trapezoidal structure of a material collecting bin 27, the width size of the material collecting bin 27 gradually decreases from top to bottom, and the bottom of the material collecting bin 27 is provided with a plurality of discharge rollers 26 for guiding the materials to converge to the center of the discharge rollers 26 to eliminate the dead angle in the bin.

[0045] The plurality of discharge rollers 26 are mutually parallel, and a plurality of opening and closing plates 28 are fixedly arranged on each discharge roller 26, the plurality of opening and closing plates 28 are all triangular, the opening and closing plates 28 on the adjacent two discharge rollers 26 are engaged with each other, and the downward movement of the solid raw materials is controlled.

[0046] The step-by-step quantitative discharge has an accuracy error of less than 5%, the triangular opening and closing plates 28 are engaged to prevent material leakage, and the independent control of each level of fermentation bin is ensured.

[0047] One side of the fermentation combined tower 11 is provided with a blower 31, the air outlet end of the blower 31 is fixedly connected with a supply air main pipe 32, the air outlet end of the supply air main pipe 32 is provided with three shunt pipe networks 33, and the three shunt pipe networks 33 correspond to the first fermentation bin 21, the second fermentation bin 22 and the third fermentation bin 23 respectively, and the shunt pipe networks 33 in the first fermentation bin 21, the second fermentation bin 22 and the third fermentation bin 23 are all in communication with the corresponding uniform spraying vertical pipes 34.

[0048] The pressure supply assembly further comprises a pressurizing air pump 42, the gas outlet end of the pressurizing air pump 42 is connected with a pressurizing pipe 41, the diameter size of the pressurizing pipe 41 is smaller than the diameter size of the supply air main pipe 32, the shunt pipe network 33 and the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34, and the pressurizing pipe 41 penetrates the supply air main pipe 32, the shunt pipe network 33 and the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 in sequence, and a plurality of groups of telescopic columns 44 are in communication with the pressurizing pipe 41.

[0049] The top of the fermentation combined tower 11 is fixedly provided with a gas collecting and air inducing pipe 35, the end of the gas collecting and air inducing pipe 35 away from the fermentation combined tower 11 is connected with an air inducing fan 36, and the air outlet end of the air inducing fan 36 is connected with a waste gas treatment tank 37.

[0050] In use, firstly, a plurality of driving motors are connected with the screw feeding part 24, the screw distributing part 25 and the discharging roller 26 respectively, the screw feeding part 24, the screw distributing part 25 and the discharging roller 26 are controlled by the respective corresponding driving motors to work individually, and the feeding machine of the processed various solid materials is connected with the feeding inlet of the screw feeding part 24;

[0051] The solid materials are discharged into the first fermentation bin 21 through the rotation of the screw feeding part 24, the solid materials first fall into the material collecting bin 27, and the solid materials gradually rise along with the feeding of the screw feeding part 24 until rising to the height of the row of screw distributing parts 25, at this time, the solid materials can present a natural conical pile shape, the solid materials are diffused under the pushing of the screw blades through the rotation of the plurality of screw distributing parts 25 until the solid materials are leveled, the screw feeding part 24 stops working and continues to feed, at this time, the shunt pipe network 33 and the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 are completely buried in the solid materials.

[0052] After the material filling is completed, fermentation can be carried out in the first fermentation bin 21, and according to the actual demand, the required gas is blown into the supply air main pipe 32, the shunt pipe network 33 and the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 in sequence through the work of the blower 31, and finally is sprayed out of the arrayed air injection holes 38 on the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 and diffused into the solid materials in the first fermentation bin 21;

[0053] At the same time, through the work of the pressurizing air pump 42, the pressurizing pipe 41 is pressurized, with the increase of air pressure, all the telescopic columns 44 are pushed to extend, the pushing wall 43 is pushed to bulge through the extension of the telescopic column 44, so as to push the solid material activities at the same horizontal height, and then through the pressure relief of the pressurizing pipe 41, the pushing wall 43 is reset, and the solid material activities are again made.

[0054] If the solid material needs to be fermented for 48 hours, when the solid material is fermented in the first fermentation bin 21 for 12 hours, the opening and closing plate 28 is alternately engaged and separated by controlling the rotation of the discharging roller 26 in the first fermentation bin 21, so that the solid material can fall into the second fermentation bin 22 each time, the discharging roller 26 is controlled by a stepping motor, so that a plane of solid material can be discharged each time, until the same material as in the first fermentation bin 21 is discharged into the second fermentation bin 22, and the discharging is stopped. The solid material that has been fermented for 12 hours continues to be fermented in the second fermentation bin 22 for 12 hours, and then the solid material that has been fermented in the second fermentation bin 22 for 12 hours is discharged into the third fermentation bin 23 for 12 hours.

[0055] The first fermentation bin 21 discharges the solid material to the second fermentation bin 22 at the same time, and the first fermentation bin 21 can also supply the solid material to the second fermentation bin 22 at the same time. The second fermentation bin 22 discharges the solid material to the third fermentation bin 23 at the same time, and the first fermentation bin 21 can also control the discharge of the solid material from the second fermentation bin 22 to the third fermentation bin 23.

[0056] The exhaust gas of the fermentation combined tower 11 is discharged into the exhaust gas treatment tank 37 through the work of the induced draft fan 36 through the induced draft gas pipe 35, and the exhaust gas is purified in the exhaust gas treatment tank 37.

[0057] Each time the material in the fermentation bin is converted, the solid material is re-dispersed and reorganized.

[0058] Example two

[0059] A solid fermentation material preparation method using a fermentation combined unit, comprising the following steps:

[0060] S1, material loading: the solid material is input into the first fermentation bin 21 through the screw feeding part 24, and is leveled to a specified height through the screw distributing part 25, so that the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34 is completely buried in the material;

[0061] S2, primary fermentation: start the air supply fan 31 to introduce the strain gas into the uniform spraying vertical pipe 34, and the telescopic column 44 is driven to extend at a certain time by the pressurizing air pump 42, so as to push the pushing wall 43 to bulge radially to loosen the material, and the first fermentation bin 21 is fermented for a preset period;

[0062] S3, step discharging: control the step rotation of the discharging roller 26 of the first fermentation bin 21, and quantitatively discharge the surface material into the second fermentation bin 22 through the alternate engagement of the opening and closing plate 28;

[0063] S4, secondary fermentation: repeat the air supply and stretching column 44 driving operation of step S2 in the second fermentation bin 22, complete the second stage of fermentation cycle;

[0064] S5, final fermentation: control the second fermentation bin 22 discharge roll 26 step rotation, the material into the third fermentation bin 23, repeat the air supply and anti caking operation to the end of fermentation;

[0065] S6, continuous cycle: when the first fermentation bin 21 to the second fermentation bin 22 discharge material synchronization of new material loading, forming a three stage fermentation bin continuous cycle operation.

[0066] If the preparation of amino acid feed:

[0067] The spray corn bran, corn, sugar residue, straw and other impurities, crushing.

[0068] Spray corn bran, corn, sugar residue and other standard test into the plant; air cleaning after precision grinding; control the parameters of the crusher, so that the crushed material is less than or equal to 0.8 mm.

[0069] Solid fermentation nutrient deployment:

[0070] The broken corn 7.9%; corn sugar residue 7.9%; corn bran 31.8%; corn syrup 7.9%; molasses 0.2%; threonine mother liquor 43%, after the proportion of deployment, sterilization and standby.

[0071] Yeast, lactobacillus acidophilus fermentation liquid culture:

[0072] The protein, yeast extract, inorganic salt and other nutrients required by wine yeast and lactobacillus acidophilus were prepared in proportion, and the laboratory cultured wine yeast and lactobacillus acidophilus seed liquid was inoculated into the pure culture for 32 hours to the end of the culture, and then pressure was maintained for standby.

[0073] Mixing machine mixing:

[0074] The above materials and wine yeast seed liquid 0.2%; lactobacillus acidophilus seed liquid 0.2% were sent into the mixing machine, mixed evenly by two stage mixing, and then transported by screw conveyor to the first fermentation bin 21.

[0075] Solid fermentation:

[0076] The mixed material enters the solid first fermentation bin 21, and is cultured at 40-50 DEG C for 12 hours, 12 hours in the second fermentation bin 22, and finally 12 hours in the third fermentation bin 23. The fermentation is ended after the end point is determined by detection.

[0077] Product drying:

[0078] After the fermentation is completed, the material is transported to a dryer to be dried so that the moisture is reduced to below 12%.

[0079] Product crushing and packaging:

[0080] After the drying is completed, the material is crushed in a crusher, the particle size is controlled to be 1.0 mm, and the material is transported to a finished product bin for packaging under negative pressure and is quantitatively packaged.

[0081] The above describes the embodiments of the present application, but the present application is not limited to the above specific embodiments, and the above specific embodiments are only illustrative but not restrictive, and those skilled in the art can make many forms under the inspiration of the embodiments, which all belong to the protection of the embodiments.

Claims

1. A solid material fermentation unit, characterized in that, include: Fermentation combination tower (11) is composed of three longitudinally combined fermentation chambers with the same structure, used to receive materials from top to bottom and complete multi-stage fermentation. The fermentation chamber includes a longitudinally arranged uniform spray pipe (34) in the fermentation zone and a pressure supply component connected to the uniform spray pipe (34). The outer wall of the uniform spray pipe (34) is provided with a number of flexible elastic pusher walls (43) at intervals along the axial direction. The interior of the uniform spray pipe (34) is provided with a number of telescopic columns (44) corresponding to each pusher wall (43). Each telescopic column (44) consists of four telescopic units distributed in a cross shape. The telescopic ends are respectively abutted against the inner wall of the pusher wall (43) in four directions. The telescopic column (44) is controlled and connected to the pressure supply component through pipelines. The fermentation combination tower (11) has three fermentation chambers, namely the first fermentation chamber (21), the second fermentation chamber (22) and the third fermentation chamber (23), which are distributed from top to bottom as the first fermentation chamber (21), the second fermentation chamber (22) and the third fermentation chamber (23). The first fermentation chamber (21), the second fermentation chamber (22) and the third fermentation chamber (23) are combined vertically end to end. A blower (31) is provided on one side of the fermentation tower (11). The outlet end of the blower (31) is fixedly connected to a main air supply pipe (32). The outlet end of the main air supply pipe (32) is provided with three branch pipe networks (33). The three branch pipe networks (33) correspond to the first fermentation chamber (21), the second fermentation chamber (22), and the third fermentation chamber (23), respectively. At the same time, the branch pipe networks (33) in the first fermentation chamber (21), the second fermentation chamber (22), and the third fermentation chamber (23) are all connected to the corresponding uniform spray vertical pipe (34). The pressurization assembly also includes a pressurization pump (42), the air delivery end of which is connected to a pressurization pipe (41). The diameter of the pressurization pipe (41) is smaller than that of the main air supply pipe (32), the branch pipe network (33), and the uniform spray longitudinal pipe (34). The pressurization pipe (41) passes through the main air supply pipe (32), the branch pipe network (33), and the uniform spray longitudinal pipe (34) in sequence. Several sets of telescopic columns (44) are all connected to the pressurization pipe (41). After the fermentation chamber is filled with solid materials, the inoculum gas is transported through the uniform spray pipe (34). At the same time, the pressure supply component drives the telescopic column (44) to extend, pushing the corresponding height of the pusher wall (43) to bulge in four directions, causing the solid material in this area to generate radial displacement to reduce caking. After the material in the current fermentation chamber reaches the preset fermentation cycle, it is discharged into the next fermentation chamber to continue fermentation, and so on until the entire fermentation process is completed.

2. The solid material fermentation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The top of the first fermentation chamber (21) is provided with two identical and parallel spiral feeders (24). Each spiral feeder (24) consists of two propellers. The rotation of the propellers in the spiral feeder (24) transports solid materials to the first fermentation chamber (21) until the solid material accumulates to a specified height.

3. The solid material fermentation unit according to claim 2, characterized in that, Several spiral feeding components (25) are arranged below the spiral feeding component (24). The spiral feeding components (25) are parallel to each other and are rotatably connected to the first fermentation chamber (21). The spiral feeding components (25) are driven by belts.

4. The solid material fermentation unit according to claim 1, characterized in that, The lower part of the first fermentation chamber (21) is fixedly provided with a trapezoidal material collection bin (27). The width of the material collection bin (27) gradually decreases from top to bottom, and a number of discharge rollers (26) are provided at the bottom of the material collection bin (27).

5. A solid material fermentation unit according to claim 4, characterized in that, Several discharge rollers (26) are parallel to each other, and several opening and closing plates (28) are fixedly provided on each discharge roller (26). The opening and closing plates (28) are triangular, and the opening and closing plates (28) on two adjacent discharge rollers (26) mesh with each other to control the discharge of solid raw materials.

6. A solid material fermentation unit according to claim 5, characterized in that, The top of the fermentation tower (11) is fixedly provided with a gas collecting and induced draft pipe (35), and the end of the gas collecting and induced draft pipe (35) away from the fermentation tower (11) is connected to an induced draft fan (36), and the outlet end of the induced draft fan (36) is connected to a waste gas treatment tank (37).

7. A method for preparing solid fermentation material using any one of the fermentation combination units according to claims 1-6, characterized in that, Includes the following steps: S1. Material loading: Solid material is fed into the first fermentation chamber (21) through the spiral feeder (24), and spread to the specified height through the spiral distribution device (25) so that the uniform spray pipe (34) is completely buried in the material; S2, First-stage fermentation: Start the blower (31) to introduce the inoculum gas into the uniform spray pipe (34), and at the same time, the pressurized air pump (42) drives the telescopic column (44) to extend at regular intervals, pushing the pusher wall (43) to bulge radially to loosen the material, and ferment in the first fermentation chamber (21) for a preset period of time. S3, Step-by-step discharge: Control the discharge roller (26) of the first fermentation chamber (21) to rotate step by step, and discharge the surface material into the second fermentation chamber (22) in a quantitative manner through the alternating engagement of the opening and closing plates (28). S4, Secondary fermentation: Repeat the gas supply and telescopic column (44) actuation operation of step S2 in the second fermentation chamber (22) to complete the second fermentation cycle; S5, final fermentation: control the discharge roller (26) of the second fermentation chamber (22) to rotate step by step, discharge the material into the third fermentation chamber (23), and repeat the gas supply and anti-caking operation until fermentation is completed; S6. Continuous cycle: When the first fermentation chamber (21) discharges material to the second fermentation chamber (22), new material is loaded simultaneously to form a continuous cycle operation of the three fermentation chambers.

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