Pre-cooling heat exchanger of high-speed engine

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of engine heat exchangers, in particular to a high-speed engine precooling heat exchanger which comprises a plurality of first cooling units, a plurality of second cooling units and a plurality of air circulation units, each first cooling unit is of a regular hexagon structure, and cooling liquid can circulate in each first cooling unit; the second cooling unit is of a regular hexagon structure, and cooling liquid can circulate in the second cooling unit. The air circulation unit is of a regular hexagon structure, and air can circulate in the air circulation unit. The first cooling unit, the air circulation unit and the second cooling unit are stacked layer by layer, the two sides of the air circulation unit are adjacent to the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit respectively, and the whole high-speed engine precooling heat exchanger is of a hexagonal prism structure. Through the hexagonal geometric symmetry design, the thermal stress in the heat exchanger is effectively reduced, and the reliability and safety of the heat exchanger in the extreme temperature difference environment are improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present disclosure relates to the technical field of engine heat exchangers, and in particular to a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger. Background Art

[0002] The high-speed development of aircraft has extremely important military and civilian value. Aviation turbine engines are the mainstream aviation engine solutions with the characteristics of horizontal take-off and landing, reusability and high specific impulse. However, the aerodynamic heating effect usually limits the flight limit of modern advanced aviation turbine engines to (Mach number) Ma2.5. To further increase the flight speed of the turbine, one of the main solutions is to use a heat exchanger to cool the ram air intake, so that the temperature of the turbine engine inlet air flow is reduced, offsetting the increase in intake temperature caused by the aerodynamic heating effect during high-speed flight, and allowing the turbine engine to fly at a higher speed.

[0003] Plate-fin heat exchangers are widely used in aerospace, energy, and power generation due to their high heat transfer efficiency and compact structure. Traditional plate-fin heat exchangers typically utilize a rectangular core structure, with hot and cold fluids flowing in a cross-flow pattern (with the hot and cold fluids flowing perpendicularly). If the cooling source utilizes a single-flow layout, the air temperature at the heat exchanger outlet will be extremely uneven.

[0004] To ensure a uniform outlet temperature on one side, the other side is often designed with a dual-flow or multi-flow layout, achieving flow uniformity through flow diversion and confluence. A dual-flow layout for the cold side significantly reduces air outlet temperature unevenness.

[0005] However, in extreme temperature environments (such as hypersonic strong pre-cooling scenarios), there is a huge temperature difference between the hot side fluid (such as 1000°C high-temperature air) and the cold side fluid (such as liquid metal and other low-temperature and high-efficiency heat transfer media). Traditional rectangular heat exchangers face the following problems:

[0006] 1. Even a multi-pass layout on the cold side only ensures a uniform temperature field at the hot side outlet, but cannot effectively eliminate the thermal stress generated by temperature differences within the core. Localized stress concentrations based on high thermal stress levels increase the risk of heat exchanger failure, threatening aircraft safety.

[0007] 2. The rectangular structure lacks symmetry, and dead zones or uneven heat exchange are easily formed in the corners. Local overheating / undercooling can cause microcracks to expand, leading to core delamination or leakage. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The present disclosure is proposed in view of the above problems and provides a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger that can achieve uniform heat exchange under extreme temperature differences and effectively reduce thermal stress.

[0009] According to one aspect of the present disclosure, there is provided a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger, comprising:

[0010] A plurality of first cooling units, each of which is a regular hexagonal structure and can flow a coolant therein;

[0011] a plurality of second cooling units, each of which is a regular hexagonal structure and can flow a coolant therein;

[0012] A plurality of air circulation units, each of which is a regular hexagonal structure and can circulate air inside;

[0013] The first cooling unit, the air circulation unit and the second cooling unit are stacked layer by layer, and both sides of the air circulation unit are adjacent to the first cooling unit and the second cooling unit respectively. The high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger is a hexagonal prism structure as a whole.

[0014] Furthermore, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the first cooling unit includes: a first inlet and a first outlet, respectively provided at two opposite sides of the first cooling unit;

[0015] The second cooling unit includes a second inlet and a second outlet, which are respectively arranged at two opposite sides of the second cooling unit.

[0016] Furthermore, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the air circulation unit includes: a third inlet and a third outlet, respectively provided at two opposite sides of the air circulation unit;

[0017] The first inlet and the second inlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the third outlet, and the first outlet and the second outlet are respectively arranged on both sides of the third inlet.

[0018] In addition, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to one aspect of the present disclosure, the first cooling unit includes:

[0019] a first baffle, the first baffle being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the first cooling unit;

[0020] Multiple first fins, each of which is perpendicular to the first partition, extend from the first inlet to the first outlet, and the first flow channel formed by the first fin is used to guide the coolant entering the first cooling unit. The first flow channel gradually increases in width from the first inlet to the middle of the first cooling unit and gradually decreases in width from the middle of the first cooling unit to the first outlet. The angle range of the first flow channel is 5-30 degrees.

[0021] In addition, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the second cooling unit includes:

[0022] a second baffle, the second baffle being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the second cooling unit;

[0023] Multiple second fins, the second fins are perpendicular to the second partition, the second fins extend from the second inlet to the second outlet, the second flow channel formed by the second fins is used to guide the coolant entering the second cooling unit, the second flow channel extends from the second inlet to the middle of the second cooling unit with a width gradually increasing, and extends from the middle of the second cooling unit to the second outlet with a width gradually decreasing, and the angle range of the second flow channel is 5-30 degrees.

[0024] In addition, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the air circulation unit includes:

[0025] a third baffle, the third baffle being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the air circulation unit;

[0026] Multiple third fins, the third fins are perpendicular to the third partition, the third fins extend from the third inlet to the third outlet, the third flow channel formed by the third fins is used to guide the air entering the air circulation unit, the third flow channel extends from the third inlet to the middle of the air circulation unit with a width gradually increasing, and extends from the middle of the air circulation unit to the third outlet with a width gradually decreasing, and the angle range of the third flow channel is 5-30 degrees.

[0027] Furthermore, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the ratio of the height of the third flow channel to the height of the first flow channel is 2-8;

[0028] The ratio of the height of the third flow channel to the height of the second flow channel is 2-8.

[0029] In addition, according to one aspect of the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of the present disclosure, the first cooling unit further includes: a first adjusting plate, the first adjusting plate being disposed at the first inlet, the first adjusting plate being made of a memory alloy, the first adjusting plate deforming to change the height of the first inlet according to the temperature of the first inlet, and the first adjusting plate contracting when the temperature increases, thereby increasing the height of the first inlet;

[0030] The second cooling unit also includes: a second adjustment plate, which is arranged at the second inlet. The second adjustment plate is a memory alloy. According to the temperature of the second inlet, the second adjustment plate deforms to change the height of the second inlet. When the temperature rises, the first adjustment plate contracts and the height of the second inlet increases.

[0031] In addition, according to the high-speed engine precooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, when the aircraft speed is Ma<2.5, the ratio of the height of the first adjustment plate to the height of the first inlet is 1 / 2, and the ratio of the height of the second adjustment plate to the height of the second inlet is 1 / 2;

[0032] When the speed of the aircraft is Ma=2.5-3.5, the ratio of the height of the first adjusting plate to the height of the first inlet is 1 / 4, and the ratio of the height of the second adjusting plate to the height of the second inlet is 1 / 4;

[0033] When the speed of the aircraft is Ma>3.5, the ratio of the height of the first adjustment piece to the height of the first inlet is approximately 0, and the ratio of the height of the second adjustment piece to the height of the second inlet is approximately 0.

[0034] In addition, according to the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of one aspect of the present disclosure, the first baffle, the second baffle, the third baffle and the third fin are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the first fin and the second fin are made of titanium alloy or silicon carbide;

[0035] The surfaces of the first fin and the first baffle, the second fin and the second baffle are coated with an anti-corrosion coating;

[0036] The first fin and the first partition, the second fin and the second partition, and the third fin and the third partition are connected by vacuum brazing, and the brazing material used is a high-temperature brazing material.

[0037] According to a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger of an embodiment of the present disclosure, by designing the cooling unit and the air circulation unit into a hexagonal structure, the symmetry and uniformity of the hexagonal structure enable the heat exchanger to have better structural stability when subjected to thermal stress, and can effectively resist deformation and failure caused by temperature difference, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the heat exchanger.

[0038] It is to be understood that both the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary, and are intended to provide further explanation of the technology as claimed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0039] The above and other purposes, features, and advantages of the present disclosure will become more apparent through a more detailed description of the embodiments of the present disclosure in conjunction with the accompanying drawings. The accompanying drawings are intended to provide a further understanding of the embodiments of the present disclosure and constitute a part of the specification. Together with the embodiments of the present disclosure, they are used to explain the present disclosure and are not intended to limit the present disclosure. In the drawings, the same reference numerals generally represent the same components or steps.

[0040] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0041] Figure 2 is a schematic top view of the structure of a first cooling unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0042] Figure 3 is a schematic top view of the structure of the second cooling unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure;

[0043] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the top view of the air circulation unit according to an embodiment of the present disclosure.

[0044] Description of reference numerals:

[0045] 100: High-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger; 101: First cooling unit; 111: First partition; 112: First fin; 113: First inlet; 114: First outlet; 115: First regulating plate; 116: First flow channel; 102: Air circulation unit; 121: Third partition; 122: Third fin; 123: Third inlet; 124: Third outlet; 126: Third flow channel; 103: Second cooling unit; 131: Second partition; 132: Second fin; 133: Second inlet; 134: Second outlet; 135: Second regulating plate; 136: Second flow channel. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0046] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present disclosure more apparent, the following will describe in detail exemplary embodiments of the present disclosure with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only a part of the embodiments of the present disclosure, rather than all the embodiments of the present disclosure, and it should be understood that the present disclosure is not limited to the exemplary embodiments described herein.

[0047] A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger provided in an embodiment of the present disclosure effectively reduces the thermal stress inside the heat exchanger and improves the reliability and safety of the heat exchanger in extreme temperature difference environments through geometric symmetry design and flow path layout optimization.

[0048] The implementation of the embodiments of the present disclosure will be described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0049] like Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 、 Figure 4 As shown, an embodiment of the present disclosure provides a high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100, comprising: a plurality of first cooling units 101, a plurality of second cooling units 103 and a plurality of air circulation units 102;

[0050] The first cooling unit 101 is a regular hexagonal structure, and a coolant can flow inside. The coolant can be a low-temperature and high-efficiency heat exchange medium such as liquid metal (such as gallium-based alloy, ρ≈6300kg / m 3 , μ≈2×10 -3 Pa·s);

[0051] The second cooling unit 103 is a regular hexagonal structure, and a coolant can flow through the inside. The coolant can be a low-temperature and high-efficiency heat exchange medium such as liquid metal;

[0052] The air circulation unit 102 is a regular hexagonal structure, and air can flow inside. The air flows from the compressor and is cooled before entering the turbine.

[0053] Among them, the first cooling unit 101, the air circulation unit 102 and the second cooling unit 103 are stacked layer by layer, and the two sides of the air circulation unit 102 are adjacent to the first cooling unit 101 and the second cooling unit 103 respectively. The high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100 is a hexagonal prism structure as a whole.

[0054] The upper and lower sides of the air circulation unit 102 must be adjacent to one of the cooling units. The upper side of the air circulation unit 102 is usually the first cooling unit 101, and the lower side is usually the second cooling unit 103. The first cooling unit 101 and the second cooling unit 103 can also be swapped. This alternating stacking structure enables efficient heat exchange between air and coolant during the heat exchange process, while further reducing thermal stress through the uniform distribution of the coolant.

[0055] The number of the first cooling unit 101, the air circulation unit 102 and the second cooling unit 103 is determined according to the heat exchange capacity and structural strength of the heat exchanger. The thickness of each air circulation unit and cooling unit may be different and is optimized according to the heat exchange requirements and fluid characteristics. The height of the hexagonal prism is usually between 100 mm and 500 mm.

[0056] The hexagonal design distributes the fluid flow path more evenly, reducing localized thermal stress concentrations. Finite element analysis can also be used to simulate and optimize the heat exchanger's thermal stress distribution. Based on the simulation results, the dimensions of the hexagonal structure and the parameters of the flow-guiding structure (fins, flow channels) can be adjusted to ensure that thermal stress is within the allowable range of the heat exchanger material.

[0057] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 As shown, the first cooling unit 101 includes: a first inlet 113 and a first outlet 114, which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the first cooling unit 101. The regular hexagon has three pairs of two-by-two opposite sides. One pair is selected for design. The coolant enters the first cooling unit 101 from the first inlet 113 and flows out of the first cooling unit 101 from the first outlet 114.

[0058] The second cooling unit 103 includes: a second inlet 133 and a second outlet 134, which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second cooling unit 103. The regular hexagon has three pairs of two-by-two opposite sides. One pair is selected for design. The coolant enters the second cooling unit 103 from the second inlet 133 and flows out of the second cooling unit 103 from the second outlet 134.

[0059] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 、 Figure 4 As shown, the air circulation unit 102 includes: a third inlet 123 and a third outlet 124, which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the air circulation unit 102, and air enters the air circulation unit 102 from the third inlet 123 and flows out of the air circulation unit 102 from the third outlet 124;

[0060] After the first cooling unit 101 , the air circulation unit 102 and the second cooling unit 103 are stacked layer by layer, the first inlet 113 and the second inlet 133 are respectively arranged on both sides of the third outlet 124 , and the first outlet 114 and the second outlet 134 are respectively arranged on both sides of the third inlet 123 .

[0061] This design splits the coolant into two streams, entering through the two side inlets adjacent to the third outlet 124, flowing through their respective cooling units, and finally exiting through the opposite side outlets. This symmetrical flow pattern ensures that the coolant absorbs heat evenly during the heat exchange process, further reducing thermal stress.

[0062] The coolant and the air have the largest temperature difference at the third outlet 124 , which can significantly improve the heat exchange efficiency and ensure that the temperature of the air discharged from the third outlet 124 is reduced to a preset temperature.

[0063] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 2 As shown, the first cooling unit 101 includes: a first partition 111 and a plurality of first fins 112;

[0064] The first baffle 111 is provided at the bottom and / or top of the first cooling unit 101. If the first cooling unit 101 is provided at the uppermost layer of the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100, the first baffle 111 may be provided at both the bottom and the top. If the first cooling unit 101 is provided at the middle layer of the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100, the first baffle 111 may be provided at the bottom or the top.

[0065] The first fin 112 is perpendicular to the first partition 111. The first fin 112 extends from the first inlet 113 to the first outlet 114. The function of the first fin 112 is to guide the coolant while improving the heat exchange capacity. The first flow channel 116 formed by the first fin 112 is used to guide the coolant entering the first cooling unit 101. The first flow channel 116 extends from the first inlet 113 to the middle of the first cooling unit 101 with a gradually increasing width, and extends from the middle of the first cooling unit 101 to the first outlet 114 with a gradually decreasing width. The first flow channel 116 adopts a gradually expanding design, so that the coolant can expand evenly and flow through the entire hexagonal area after entering the first cooling unit 101, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The angle range of the first flow channel 116 is 5-30 degrees to ensure that the coolant avoids flow separation and flow dead zones when flowing through the first flow channel 116, so that the heat exchange conditions of the coolant in each flow channel are roughly the same.

[0066] The first fin 112 located in the middle of the first cooling unit 101 can be a straight structure, and the first fin 112 near the edge is bent according to the side structure of the first cooling unit 101. Each first fin 112 near the edge has a bending structure in the middle and the bending angles are different. The first fins 112 with bending structures on both sides of the first fin 112 with a straight structure can be symmetrically distributed.

[0067] In addition to the first inlet 113 and the first outlet 114 , the side of the first cooling unit 101 further includes a side plate, which forms a closed structure with the first partition plate 111 .

[0068] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second cooling unit 103 includes: a second partition plate 131 and a plurality of second fins 132;

[0069] The second baffle 131 is provided at the bottom and / or top of the second cooling unit 103. If the second cooling unit 103 is provided at the lowest layer of the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100, the second baffle 131 may be provided at both the bottom and the top. If the second cooling unit 103 is provided at the middle layer of the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger 100, the second baffle 131 may be provided at the bottom or the top.

[0070] The second fin 132 is perpendicular to the second partition 131, and the second fin 132 extends from the second inlet 133 to the second outlet 134. The function of the second fin 132 is to guide the coolant while improving the heat exchange capacity. The second flow channel 136 formed by the second fin 132 is used to guide the coolant entering the second cooling unit 103. The second flow channel 136 extends from the second inlet 133 to the middle of the second cooling unit 103 with a width gradually increasing, and extends from the middle of the second cooling unit 103 to the second outlet 134 with a width gradually decreasing. The second flow channel 136 adopts a gradually expanding design, so that the coolant can expand evenly and flow through the entire hexagonal area after entering the first cooling unit 101, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The angle range of the second flow channel 136 is 5-30 degrees to ensure that the coolant avoids flow separation and flow dead zone when flowing through the second flow channel 136, so that the heat exchange conditions of the coolant in each flow channel are roughly the same.

[0071] The second fin 132 located in the middle of the second cooling unit 103 can be a straight structure, and the second fin 132 near the edge is bent according to the side structure of the second cooling unit 103. Each second fin 132 near the edge has a bending structure in the middle and the bending angles are different. The second fins 132 with bending structures on both sides of the second fin 132 with a straight structure can be symmetrically distributed.

[0072] In addition to the second inlet 133 and the second outlet 134 , the side of the second cooling unit 103 further includes a side plate, which forms a closed structure with the second partition plate 131 .

[0073] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 4 As shown, the air circulation unit 102 includes: a third partition plate 121 and a plurality of third fins 122;

[0074] The third partition 121 is disposed at the bottom and / or top of the air circulation unit 102. Since the first cooling unit 101 is disposed on the upper layer of the air circulation unit 102 and the second cooling unit 103 is disposed on the lower layer, it is usually sufficient to only dispose the third partition 121 at the bottom or top of the air circulation unit 102. It is not necessary to dispose the third partition 121 at all locations. If required by other designs, the third partition 121 may also be disposed at both the bottom and top of the air circulation unit 102.

[0075] The third fin 122 is perpendicular to the third partition plate 121. The third fin 122 extends from the third inlet 123 to the third outlet 124. The function of the third fin 122 is to guide the air while improving the heat exchange capacity. The third flow channel 126 formed by the third fin 122 is used to guide the air entering the air circulation unit 102. The third flow channel 126 extends from the third inlet 123 to the middle of the air circulation unit 102 with a gradually increasing width, and extends from the middle of the air circulation unit 102 to the third outlet 124 with a gradually decreasing width. The third flow channel 126 adopts a gradually expanding design, so that the air can expand evenly and flow through the entire hexagonal area after entering the air circulation unit 102, thereby improving the heat exchange efficiency. The angle range of the third flow channel 126 is 5-30 degrees to ensure that the air avoids flow separation and flow dead zones when flowing through the third flow channel 126, so that the heat exchange conditions of the air in each flow channel are roughly the same.

[0076] The third fin 122 located in the middle of the air circulation unit 102 can be a straight structure, and the third fin 122 near the edge is bent according to the side structure of the air circulation unit 102. Each third fin 122 near the edge has a bending structure in the middle and the bending angles are different. The third fins 122 with bending structures on both sides of the straight-line structure third fin 122 can be symmetrically distributed.

[0077] In addition to the third inlet 123 and the third outlet 124 , the side of the air circulation unit 102 further includes a side plate, which forms a closed structure with the third partition plate 121 .

[0078] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 1 As shown, the ratio of the height of the third flow channel 126 to the height of the first flow channel 116 is 2-8, which can also mean that the ratio of the upper and lower cross-sectional areas of the third flow channel 126 to the upper and lower cross-sectional areas of the first flow channel 116 is 2-8;

[0079] The ratio of the height of the third flow channel 126 to the height of the second flow channel 136 is 2-8, which may also mean that the ratio of the upper and lower cross-sectional areas of the third flow channel 126 to the upper and lower cross-sectional areas of the second flow channel 136 is 2-8.

[0080] By adopting an asymmetric design for the hot side flow channel and the cold side flow channel, the heat exchange area between the coolant and the air is increased, thereby ensuring the cooling effect of the coolant on the air.

[0081] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 2As shown, the first cooling unit 101 also includes: a first regulating plate 115, which is arranged at the first inlet 113. The first regulating plate 115 is a memory alloy. According to the temperature of the first inlet 113, the first regulating plate 115 is deformed to change the height of the first inlet 113. When the temperature rises, the first regulating plate 115 contracts and the height of the first inlet 113 increases, which can increase the flow rate of the coolant and improve the heat exchange effect between the coolant and the air.

[0082] The first partition 111 is provided with a mounting groove at a position corresponding to the first inlet 113 , and the first adjusting piece 115 is pre-buried in the mounting groove. When extended, the first adjusting piece 115 can extend upward from the mounting groove, and when retracted, the first adjusting piece 115 can be retracted downward into the mounting groove.

[0083] In some possible implementations, such as Figure 3 As shown, the second cooling unit 103 also includes: a second regulating plate 135, which is arranged at the second inlet 133. The second regulating plate 135 is a memory alloy. According to the temperature of the second inlet 133, the second regulating plate 135 is deformed to change the height of the second inlet 133. When the temperature rises, the first regulating plate 115 contracts and the height of the second inlet 133 increases, which can increase the flow rate of the coolant and improve the heat exchange effect between the coolant and the air.

[0084] The second partition 131 is provided with a mounting groove at a position corresponding to the second inlet 133 , and the second adjusting piece 135 is pre-buried in the mounting groove. When extended, it can extend upward from the mounting groove, and when retracted, it can be retracted downward into the mounting groove.

[0085] In some possible implementations, the heat exchanger is dynamically adapted by adjusting the coolant flow rate based on the heat load requirements of the aircraft during different flight phases (e.g., low, medium, and high speeds). As the aircraft speed increases, the temperature of the third inlet 123 of the air circulation unit 102 increases. The design allows the fins to contract as the temperature rises, widening the flow path and enhancing heat exchange.

[0086] When the aircraft is flying at a low speed, that is, the speed of the aircraft is (Mach number) Ma<2.5, the ratio of the height of the first regulating plate 115 to the height of the first inlet 113 is 1 / 2, and the ratio of the height of the second regulating plate 135 to the height of the second inlet 133 is 1 / 2, that is, the height of the first inlet 113 and the height of the second inlet 133 are limited to 1 / 2 of the entire height, and the coolant is adjusted to a smaller flow rate;

[0087] When the aircraft is flying at a medium speed, and the speed of the aircraft is (Mach number) Ma=2.5-3.5, the ratio of the height of the first regulating plate 115 to the height of the first inlet 113 is 1 / 4, and the ratio of the height of the second regulating plate 135 to the height of the second inlet 133 is 1 / 4, that is, the height of the first inlet 113 and the height of the second inlet 133 are limited to 1 / 4 of the entire height, and the coolant is adjusted to a larger flow rate;

[0088] When the aircraft is flying at high speed, and the speed of the aircraft is (Mach number) Ma>3.5, the ratio of the height of the first adjusting plate 115 to the height of the first inlet 113 is approximately 0, and the ratio of the height of the second adjusting plate 135 to the height of the second inlet 133 is approximately 0, that is, the height of the first inlet 113 and the height of the second inlet 133 are expanded to be close to the overall height, and the coolant is adjusted to the maximum flow rate.

[0089] In some possible implementations, the first separator 111 , the second separator 131 , the third separator 121 and the third fin 122 are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy (such as GH4169);

[0090] The first fin 112 and the second fin 132 are made of titanium alloy or silicon carbide. The first fin 112 and the second fin 132 are made of lightweight, high thermal conductivity materials. The fin density is lower than that of the coolant, reducing flow resistance.

[0091] The surfaces of the first fin 112 and the first partition 111, the second fin 132 and the second partition 131 are coated with an anti-corrosion coating (such as an Al2O3-SiO2 coating, an yttrium oxide stabilized coating or a polytetrafluoroethylene coating, preferably an yttrium oxide stabilized coating, with a reference thickness of 200 μm), which plays a role in resisting liquid metal corrosion and extending the service life of the first cooling unit 101 and the second cooling unit 103.

[0092] The surfaces of the third partition plate 121 and the third fin 122 may also be coated with an anti-oxidation coating to extend the service life of the air circulation unit 102 .

[0093] In some possible embodiments, the first fin 112 and the first partition 111, the second fin 132 and the second partition 131, and the third fin 122 and the third partition 121 are connected by vacuum brazing. The brazing material used is a high-temperature brazing material (such as BNi7), and the connection position has high sealing performance to ensure no leakage.

[0094] The high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to the embodiment of the present disclosure is described above with reference to the accompanying drawings, which has the following advantages:

[0095] (1) Reduction of thermal stress: Through the hexagonal structure and optimized fluid flow path, the thermal environment inside the heat exchanger is more uniform, and the heat exchange conditions received by the air in each flow channel of the air circulation unit are roughly the same, thereby controlling the thermal stress of the heat exchanger at a lower level and effectively reducing the failure risk of the heat exchanger in extreme temperature difference environments.

[0096] (2) Improved temperature field uniformity: The flow path design of air and coolant can ensure the uniformity of the temperature field at the hot side air outlet. At the same time, the uniform distribution of coolant also improves the heat transfer efficiency of the cold side fluid, further improving the temperature field uniformity of the entire heat exchanger.

[0097] (3) Enhanced structural reliability: The symmetry and uniformity of the hexagonal structure give the heat exchanger better structural stability when subjected to thermal stress, and can effectively resist deformation and failure caused by temperature differences, thereby improving the service life and reliability of the heat exchanger.

[0098] The basic principles of the present disclosure have been described above in conjunction with specific embodiments. However, it should be noted that the advantages, strengths, and effects mentioned in this disclosure are merely illustrative and not restrictive, and should not be construed as necessarily possessed by each embodiment of the present disclosure. Furthermore, the specific details disclosed above are provided for illustrative purposes and to facilitate understanding, rather than as limitations. These details do not limit the present disclosure to necessarily being implemented using these specific details.

[0099] The block diagrams of the devices, devices, equipment, and systems involved in this disclosure are merely illustrative examples and are not intended to require or imply that they must be connected, arranged, or configured in the manner shown in the block diagrams. As will be appreciated by those skilled in the art, these devices, devices, equipment, and systems can be connected, arranged, or configured in any manner. Words such as "include," "comprise," "have," and the like are open-ended words, meaning "including but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith. The words "or" and "and" used herein refer to the words "and / or" and can be used interchangeably therewith, unless the context clearly indicates otherwise. The word "such as" used herein refers to the phrase "such as but not limited to," and can be used interchangeably therewith.

[0100] Additionally, as used herein, "or" used in a list of items beginning with "at least one" indicates a separate list, so that, for example, a list of "at least one of A, B, or C" means A or B or C, or AB or AC or BC, or ABC (i.e., A and B and C). Furthermore, the word "exemplary" does not mean that the example described is preferred or better than other examples.

[0101] It should also be noted that in the system and method of the present disclosure, each component or each step can be decomposed and / or recombined. Such decomposition and / or recombination should be regarded as equivalent solutions of the present disclosure.

[0102] Various changes, substitutions, and modifications may be made to the technology described herein without departing from the teachings defined by the appended claims. Moreover, the scope of the claims of this disclosure is not limited to the specific aspects of the processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of things, means, methods, and actions described above. Currently existing or later developed processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of things, means, methods, or actions that perform substantially the same function or achieve substantially the same results as the corresponding aspects described herein may be utilized. Accordingly, the appended claims include within their scope such processes, machines, manufactures, compositions of things, means, methods, or actions.

[0103] The above description of the disclosed aspects is provided to enable any person skilled in the art to make or use the present disclosure. Various modifications to these aspects will be readily apparent to those skilled in the art, and the general principles defined herein may be applied to other aspects without departing from the scope of the present disclosure. Therefore, the present disclosure is not intended to be limited to the aspects shown herein, but rather to be accorded the widest scope consistent with the principles and novel features disclosed herein.

[0104] The above description has been provided for the purpose of illustration and description. In addition, this description is not intended to limit the embodiments of the present disclosure to the forms disclosed herein. Although a number of example aspects and embodiments have been discussed above, those skilled in the art will recognize certain variations, modifications, alterations, additions, and sub-combinations thereof.

Claims

1. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger, characterized in that: include: A plurality of first cooling units (101), wherein the first cooling units (101) are regular hexagonal structures and can flow cooling liquid inside; A plurality of second cooling units (103), wherein the second cooling units (103) are regular hexagonal structures and can flow cooling liquid inside; A plurality of air circulation units (102), each of the air circulation units (102) being a regular hexagonal structure and capable of circulating air therein; The first cooling unit (101), the air circulation unit (102) and the second cooling unit (103) are stacked layer by layer, and the two sides of the air circulation unit (102) are respectively adjacent to the first cooling unit (101) and the second cooling unit (103), and the high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger as a whole is a hexagonal prism structure.

2. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 1, characterized in that: The first cooling unit (101) comprises: a first inlet (113) and a first outlet (114), which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the first cooling unit (101); The second cooling unit (103) comprises a second inlet (133) and a second outlet (134), which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the second cooling unit (103).

3. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 2, characterized in that: The air circulation unit (102) comprises: a third inlet (123) and a third outlet (124), which are respectively arranged on two opposite sides of the air circulation unit (102); The first inlet (113) and the second inlet (133) are respectively arranged on both sides of the third outlet (124), and the first outlet (114) and the second outlet (134) are respectively arranged on both sides of the third inlet (123).

4. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first cooling unit (101) comprises: a first baffle (111), the first baffle (111) being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the first cooling unit (101); A plurality of first fins (112), wherein the first fins (112) are perpendicular to the first partition (111), and the first fins (112) extend from the first inlet (113) to the first outlet (114). A first flow channel (116) formed by the first fins (112) is used to guide the coolant entering the first cooling unit (101). The first flow channel (116) gradually increases in width from the first inlet (113) to the middle of the first cooling unit (101), and gradually decreases in width from the middle of the first cooling unit (101) to the first outlet (114). The angle range of the first flow channel (116) is 5-30 degrees.

5. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 4, characterized in that: The second cooling unit (103) comprises: a second baffle (131), the second baffle (131) being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the second cooling unit (103); A plurality of second fins (132), wherein the second fins (132) are perpendicular to the second partition (131), and the second fins (132) extend from the second inlet (133) to the second outlet (134). The second flow channel (136) formed by the second fins (132) is used to guide the coolant entering the second cooling unit (103). The second flow channel (136) gradually increases in width from the second inlet (133) to the middle of the second cooling unit (103), and gradually decreases in width from the middle of the second cooling unit (103) to the second outlet (134). The angle range of the second flow channel (136) is 5-30 degrees.

6. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 5, characterized in that: The air circulation unit (102) comprises: a third partition plate (121), the third partition plate (121) being arranged at the bottom and / or the top of the air circulation unit (102); A plurality of third fins (122), wherein the third fins (122) are perpendicular to the third partition plate (121), and the third fins (122) extend from the third inlet (123) to the third outlet (124). A third flow channel (126) formed by the third fins (122) is used to guide the air entering the air circulation unit (102). The width of the third flow channel (126) gradually increases from the third inlet (123) to the middle of the air circulation unit (102), and gradually decreases from the middle of the air circulation unit (102) to the third outlet (124). The angle range of the third flow channel (126) is 5-30 degrees.

7. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The ratio of the height of the third flow channel (126) to the height of the first flow channel (116) is 2-8; The ratio of the height of the third flow channel (126) to the height of the second flow channel (136) is 2-8.

8. The high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 6, characterized in that: The first cooling unit (101) further comprises: a first regulating plate (115), the first regulating plate (115) being arranged at the first inlet (113), the first regulating plate (115) being a memory alloy, the first regulating plate (115) being deformed according to the temperature of the first inlet (113) to change the height of the first inlet (113), and the first regulating plate (115) being contracted when the temperature rises, and the height of the first inlet (113) being increased; The second cooling unit (103) further includes: a second regulating plate (135), the second regulating plate (135) being arranged at the second inlet (133), the second regulating plate (135) being a memory alloy, and the second regulating plate (135) being deformed according to the temperature of the second inlet (133) to change the height of the second inlet (133), and when the temperature rises, the first regulating plate (115) shrinks and the height of the second inlet (133) increases.

9. A high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: When the speed of the aircraft is Ma<2.5, the ratio of the height of the first regulating piece (115) to the height of the first inlet (113) is 1 / 2, and the ratio of the height of the second regulating piece (135) to the height of the second inlet (133) is 1 / 2; When the speed of the aircraft is Ma=2.5-3.5, the ratio of the height of the first regulating piece (115) to the height of the first inlet (113) is 1 / 4, and the ratio of the height of the second regulating piece (135) to the height of the second inlet (133) is 1 / 4; When the speed of the aircraft is Ma>3.5, the ratio of the height of the first adjustment piece (115) to the height of the first inlet (113) is approximately 0, and the ratio of the height of the second adjustment piece (135) to the height of the second inlet (133) is approximately 0.

10. The high-speed engine pre-cooling heat exchanger according to claim 8, characterized in that: The first partition (111), the second partition (131), the third partition (121) and the third fin (122) are made of nickel-based high-temperature alloy, and the first fin (112) and the second fin (132) are made of titanium alloy or silicon carbide; The surfaces of the first fin (112) and the first partition (111), the second fin (132) and the second partition (131) are coated with an anti-corrosion coating; The first fin (112) and the first partition (111), the second fin (132) and the second partition (131), and the third fin (122) and the third partition (121) are connected by vacuum brazing, and the brazing material used is a high-temperature brazing material.

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