Feeding device of biomass boiler

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, in particular to a biomass boiler feeding device which comprises a shell which comprises a containing part and a feeding hopper arranged on the containing part. The output mechanism comprises a driving piece arranged on the containing part and a movable coupler arranged at the output end of the driving piece, and the driving piece is connected with a barrel through the movable coupler; the limiting mechanism is arranged on the movable coupling; through holes are uniformly formed in the surface of the barrel body, and an extrusion knife is arranged on the barrel body; biomass waste is dried through heat of a boiler, the biomass waste is crushed through rotation of a barrel and an extrusion knife, so that the size of biomass fuel particles is more uniform, and due to the fact that the extruded and fallen biomass waste evenly falls, the biomass fuel particles are more uniform in particle size. And the phenomena of insufficient combustion, coking and ash deposition caused by water content, falling material accumulation and non-uniform particles can be avoided.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The invention relates to the technical field of biomass boilers, in particular to a biomass boiler feeding device. Background Art

[0002] As a key component of renewable energy, the resource utilization of biomass waste in boilers has become a research hotspot. Biomass waste (such as agricultural straw, forestry waste, and food processing waste) is highly volatile, low in sulfur and nitrogen, and renewable. Compared to traditional fossil fuels, the carbon dioxide produced by its combustion can be recycled through plant photosynthesis, thus meeting the goal of carbon neutrality.

[0003] After a certain period of fermentation, biomass waste is sent into the combustion chamber of the boiler through a conveyor belt or a screw conveyor for combustion. However, parameters such as moisture content, ash melting point, and particle size of different types of biomass waste fluctuate significantly, resulting in insufficient combustion stability and prone to problems such as coking and ash accumulation, affecting the thermal efficiency and service life of the boiler. In addition, the conventional feed-type feeding method easily leads to the accumulation of biomass fuel, which is more likely to cause incomplete combustion, coking, and ash accumulation.

[0004] Therefore, a biomass boiler charging device is proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Therefore, the technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that the conventional feeding method easily leads to the accumulation of biomass fuel, and more easily causes incomplete combustion, coking, and ash accumulation.

[0006] The above technical problems are solved by the following technical solutions: The present invention proposes a biomass boiler feeding device, comprising:

[0007] A housing, comprising a receiving portion and a feeding hopper provided on the receiving portion;

[0008] an output mechanism comprising a driving member disposed on the accommodating portion and a movable coupling disposed at an output end of the driving member, wherein the driving member is connected to the cylinder via the movable coupling;

[0009] a limiting mechanism, which is provided on the movable coupling;

[0010] The surface of the cylinder is evenly provided with through holes, and the cylinder is provided with an extrusion knife;

[0011] When the cylinder rotates, it will shake due to the centrifugal force generated by the extrusion knife.

[0012] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: two cylinders are provided, and the extrusion blades are arranged in a V shape from bottom to top on the outer wall of the cylinder;

[0013] The extrusion knives on the two cylinders are staggered.

[0014] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: it further comprises a fixed knife disposed in the accommodation portion;

[0015] There are two groups of fixed knives in the accommodating portion. The two groups of fixed knives are respectively arranged on different sides of the accommodating portion. The two groups of fixed knives are evenly arranged from bottom to top, and the two groups of fixed knives are staggered.

[0016] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler charging device of the present invention: the accommodating portion includes a processing chamber and a guide chamber provided at an upper end of the processing chamber;

[0017] The cylinder is movably arranged in the processing chamber;

[0018] The outer wall of the cylinder and the inner wall of the processing chamber form a material storage space;

[0019] When the cylinder moves, the material in the material storage space can be squeezed out from the through hole.

[0020] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler charging device of the present invention: a docking chamber is provided at the lower end of the processing chamber;

[0021] The docking chamber is docked with the feed channel of the boiler.

[0022] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: the bottom end of the inner wall of the processing chamber and the bottom end of the cylinder are slidingly connected, the bottom end of the cylinder is open, and the bottom end of the processing chamber is provided with a drop opening. When the cylinder moves, the drop opening is always located in the bottom end opening of the cylinder.

[0023] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: the movable coupling includes a first universal coupling arranged at the output end of the driving member, and a sliding shaft arranged on the first universal coupling, a sliding sleeve is slidingly provided on the sliding shaft, and also includes a second universal coupling arranged at the end of the sliding sleeve.

[0024] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: the limiting mechanism includes a first limiting sleeve and a first connecting shaft arranged on the first limiting sleeve, the outer wall of the first connecting shaft is slidably connected to the second limiting sleeve, the second limiting sleeve is provided with a second connecting shaft, and also includes a fixed sleeve slidably arranged on the second connecting shaft.

[0025] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler feeding device of the present invention: the bottom end of the cylinder is provided with a lower limit shaft, and the top end of the cylinder is provided with an upper limit shaft;

[0026] The outer walls of the lower limit shaft and the upper limit shaft are both provided with limit mechanisms.

[0027] In a preferred embodiment of the biomass boiler charging device of the present invention: a cavity is provided at the upper end of the guide chamber, and an end cover is provided at the top end of the cavity;

[0028] The driving member is provided on the end cover, and the feed hopper is provided on the chamber;

[0029] The docking chamber and the guiding chamber are both arranged in a trumpet shape.

[0030] The beneficial effects of the present invention are: utilizing the heat of the boiler to dry the biomass waste, and crushing the biomass waste by rotating the cylinder and using the extrusion knife to make the biomass fuel particle size more uniform. Since the cylinder will shake, the biomass waste squeezed out and dropped will fall evenly, which can avoid the traditional feeding equipment. Due to the moisture content, accumulation of falling materials, and uneven particles, the occurrence of incomplete combustion, coking, and ash accumulation can be avoided. It can effectively improve the utilization rate of biomass fuel, improve the combustion stability and boiler thermal efficiency. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0031] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the drawings described below only relate to some embodiments of the present invention, and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0032] Figure 1 The figure shows the overall structure of the biomass boiler feeding device.

[0033] Figure 2 A schematic diagram of the internal structure of a biomass boiler feeding device is shown.

[0034] Figure 3 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the output mechanism of the biomass boiler feeding device.

[0035] Figure 4 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the movable coupling of the biomass boiler feeding device.

[0036] Figure 5 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the cylinder, through hole and extrusion knife of the biomass boiler feeding device.

[0037] Figure 6 The position distribution diagram of the fixed knife and the extrusion knife of the biomass boiler feeding device is shown.

[0038] Figure 7 The schematic diagram shows the structure of the cylinder and processing chamber of the biomass boiler feeding device.

[0039] Figure 8 A cross-sectional structural diagram of a biomass boiler feeding device is shown.

[0040] In the figure: 1. Shell; 11. Accommodating portion; 111. Processing chamber; 112. Guide chamber; 113. Docking chamber; 114. Chamber; 115. End cover; 12. Feed hopper; 2. Output mechanism; 21. Driving member; 22. Movable coupling; 221. First universal joint; 222. Sliding shaft; 223. Sliding sleeve; 224. Second universal joint; 23. Cylinder; 231. Through hole; 232. Extrusion knife; 24. Lower limit shaft; 25. Upper limit shaft; 3. Limiting mechanism; 31. First limit sleeve; 32. First connecting shaft; 33. Second limit sleeve; 34. Second connecting shaft; 35. Fixed sleeve; 4. Fixed knife. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0041] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the present invention is further described in detail below with reference to specific embodiments and the accompanying drawings.

[0042] The terms used in the present invention are those commonly used in the art in view of the functions of the present invention, but these terms may vary according to the intentions of those skilled in the art, precedents, or new technologies in the art. In addition, specific terms may be selected by the applicant, and in such cases, their detailed meanings will be described in the detailed description of the present invention. Therefore, the terms used in the specification should not be understood as simple names, but rather as the meanings of the terms and the overall description of the present invention.

[0043] Reference Figure 1 , this embodiment provides a biomass boiler feeding device, comprising,

[0044] The housing 1 includes a receiving portion 11 and a feed hopper 12 provided on the receiving portion 11; the feed hopper 12 serves as an inlet for adding biomass waste, and the receiving portion 11 receives the added biomass waste.

[0045] The output mechanism 2 includes a driving member 21 provided on the accommodating portion 11, and a movable coupling 22 provided at the output end of the driving member 21. The driving member 21 is connected to the cylinder 23 through the movable coupling 22; the movable coupling 22 can provide the cylinder 23 with movement in the X-axis and Z-axis directions, so that after relative movement occurs between the driving member 21 and the cylinder 23, the driving member 21 can still control the rotation of the cylinder 23. In this embodiment, the driving member 21 is a driving motor, wherein the movable coupling 22 can be a cross-axis telescopic universal coupling.

[0046] The limiting mechanism 3 is provided on the movable coupling 22 ; the limiting mechanism 3 is used to limit the cylinder 23 to always maintain a vertical state.

[0047] Through holes 231 are evenly arranged on the surface of the cylinder 23 , and a squeezing knife 232 is provided on the cylinder 23 ; when the cylinder 23 rotates, the centrifugal force generated by the squeezing knife 232 causes the cylinder 23 to shake.

[0048] Preferably, the cylinder 23 is provided with two, and the extrusion blades 232 are arranged in a V shape from bottom to top on the outer wall of the cylinder 23; Figure 5 The extrusion blade 232 is symmetrically arranged in a spiral shape and spirals around the outer wall surface of the cylinder 23. Its overall path is V-shaped, and the rotation direction of the cylinder 23 is opposite to the tip of the V-shape.

[0049] The extrusion knives 232 on the two cylinders 23 are staggered. Therefore, when the two cylinders 23 rotate, the extrusion knives 232 on the two cylinders 23 will work in a staggered manner to crush and extrude the biomass waste.

[0050] When in use, the driving member 21 drives the movable coupling 22 to rotate, and the movable coupling 22 drives the cylinder 23 to rotate to work. The accommodating portion 11 is docked at the feeding port of the boiler. The pressure inside the boiler is high, and the temperature inside the boiler is high, and there is a flame burning. After the cylinder 23 is arranged in the accommodating portion 11, the air flow can only flow through the through hole 231 on the cylinder 23, which increases the difficulty of air flow circulation. Therefore, backfire can be avoided. In addition, the pressure difference in the boiler will cause the heat flow to be discharged into the accommodating portion 11 through the through hole 231. The biomass waste is put into the interior of the feed hopper 12, and the biomass waste can be dried by the heat flow. Since the channel for discharging the biomass waste is the through hole 231, larger biomass waste can be discharged. The garbage will first be retained in the accommodating portion 11, while smaller biomass garbage can fall into the boiler through the through hole 231 and be burned. The smaller biomass garbage can be dried faster, while the larger biomass garbage will stay in the accommodating portion 11, which can improve the drying time. Here, due to the rotation of the cylinder 23, the extrusion knives 232 thereon will rotate alternately with each other to crush the larger biomass garbage. However, since the setting of the extrusion knives 232 will cause the center of gravity of the cylinder 23 to shift, the cylinder 23 will be subjected to centrifugal force during the rotation process. Under the limiting action of the limiting mechanism 3 and the power output maintained by the movable coupling 22, the cylinder 23 can shake. The extrusion knives 232 are not evenly arranged in a circle on the outside of the cylinder 23, so it is also It is convenient for biomass waste to fall outside the cylinder 23, so that the biomass waste can be dropped and enter the working area of ​​the extrusion knife 232 for crushing. Since the movable coupling 22 of the cylinder 23 is in a state that can shake, it can also have a certain buffering effect when crushing. When encountering large crushed biomass materials, the relative distance between the extrusion knives 232 can be increased by the movement of the cylinder 23, and the gap between the extrusion knives 232 can be changed. The cylinder 23 will shake due to the gravity factor of the cylinder 23 itself, which can improve the crushing effect and gradually crush the larger and more difficult-to-crush biomass waste to avoid the cylinder 23 from getting stuck and reduce the wear of the extrusion knife 232. At the same time, the extrusion knife 232 can also play a role when rotating. The stirring effect can mix the internal biomass waste, and the heat generated by the boiler can improve the drying effect of the biomass waste, so that the moisture content of the crushed biomass waste is uniform. In addition, since the crushed biomass waste is discharged through the through hole 231, the internal biomass waste can be continuously squeezed and squeezed out from the through hole 231 by the shaking of the cylinder 23. The rotation and push of the extrusion knife 232 can improve the efficiency of the through hole 231 in discharging biomass waste and avoid blockage. Moreover, since the cylinder 23 can shake, the squeezed and dropped biomass waste falls evenly, which can avoid the occurrence of incomplete combustion, coking, and ash accumulation caused by traditional feeding equipment due to moisture content and accumulation of falling materials.It can effectively improve the utilization rate of biomass fuel, improve combustion stability and boiler thermal efficiency.

[0051] Reference Figure 6 As an optional embodiment: it also includes a fixed knife 4 arranged in the accommodating portion 11; there are two groups of fixed knives 4 in the accommodating portion 11, and the two groups of fixed knives 4 are respectively arranged on different sides of the accommodating portion 11, and the two groups of fixed knives 4 are evenly arranged from bottom to top, and the two groups of fixed knives 4 are staggered.

[0052] When the cylinder 23 rotates, the extrusion blade 232 cooperates with the fixed blade 4 to further crush the biomass waste inside.

[0053] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As an optional embodiment: the accommodating portion 11 includes a processing chamber 111, and a guide chamber 112 provided at the upper end of the processing chamber 111; the guide chamber 112 serves as a guiding tool for guiding the biomass waste to be input into the processing chamber 111, and the cylinder 23 is movably provided in the processing chamber 111; the outer wall of the cylinder 23 and the inner wall of the processing chamber 111 constitute a material storage space; when the cylinder 23 moves, the material in the material storage space can be squeezed out from the through hole 231.

[0054] After the biomass waste is put into the treatment chamber 111 through the guide chamber 112, due to the structural design of the extrusion knife 232, there are fewer obstructions in the storage space, and the space for biomass waste to enter is larger. During the shaking of the cylinder 23, the shape of the storage space will continue to change, and the biomass waste inside will be squeezed and then squeezed out from the through hole 231.

[0055] A docking chamber 113 is provided at the lower end of the processing chamber 111 ; the docking chamber 113 is connected to the feed channel of the boiler, and the extruded biomass waste falls from the docking chamber 113 and then enters the feed channel of the boiler.

[0056] The bottom end of the inner wall of the processing chamber 111 is slidably connected to the bottom end of the cylinder 23. The bottom end of the cylinder 23 is open. The bottom end of the processing chamber 111 is provided with a drop port. When the cylinder 23 moves, the drop port is always located in the bottom opening of the cylinder 23, thereby ensuring that the biomass waste is always located in the storage space. Even when the cylinder 23 is shaking, it will not be directly discharged from the drop port due to the displacement of the cylinder 23, but needs to be squeezed out from the through hole 231 on the cylinder 23 and then fall from the drop port.

[0057] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As an optional embodiment: the movable coupling 22 includes a first universal coupling 221 arranged at the output end of the driving member 21, and a sliding shaft 222 arranged on the first universal coupling 221, a sliding sleeve 223 is slidingly provided on the sliding shaft 222, and also includes a second universal coupling 224 arranged at the end of the sliding sleeve 223.

[0058] The sliding shaft 222 is a flower shaft, so relative sliding can occur between the sliding shaft 222 and the sliding sleeve 223, but relative rotation cannot occur. The angle adjustment of the first universal joint 221 and the second universal joint 224 cooperates with the sliding and extension of the sliding shaft 222 and the sliding sleeve 223 to enable the cylinder 23 to keep rotating while shaking in the processing chamber 111.

[0059] The limiting mechanism 3 includes a first limiting sleeve 31 and a first connecting shaft 32 arranged on the first limiting sleeve 31. The outer wall of the first connecting shaft 32 is slidably connected to a second limiting sleeve 33. The second limiting sleeve 33 is provided with a second connecting shaft 34, and also includes a fixing sleeve 35 slidably arranged on the second connecting shaft 34.

[0060] The bottom end of the cylinder 23 is provided with a lower limit shaft 24, and the top end of the cylinder 23 is provided with an upper limit shaft 25;

[0061] The outer walls of the lower limit shaft 24 and the upper limit shaft 25 are both provided with a limit mechanism 3 .

[0062] The lower limit shaft 24 and the upper limit shaft 25 are both rotationally connected to the first limit sleeve 31. Since the first connecting shaft 32 and the second limit sleeve 33 are slidingly connected, sliding can occur between the second connecting shaft 34 and the fixed sleeve 35. Therefore, the lower limit shaft 24 and the upper limit shaft 25 can both move in the X-axis and Z-axis directions to limit the lower limit shaft 24 and the upper limit shaft 25, keep the cylinder 23 in a vertical state, and improve the stability of the cylinder 23 when it shakes.

[0063] Preferably, the cross-sections of the first connecting shaft 32 and the second connecting shaft 34 are triangular or square, the first connecting shaft 32 can only slide in the second limiting sleeve 33, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other, and the second connecting shaft 34 can only slide in the fixing sleeve 35, and the two cannot rotate relative to each other.

[0064] Reference Figures 1 to 8 As an optional embodiment: a chamber 114 is provided at the upper end of the guide chamber 112, and an end cover 115 is provided at the top of the chamber 114; the driving member 21 is provided on the end cover 115, and the feed hopper 12 is provided on the chamber 114; the docking chamber 113 and the guide chamber 112 are both trumpet-shaped.

[0065] The cross-sectional area of ​​the docking chamber 113 gradually decreases from bottom to top, and the cross-sectional area of ​​the guide chamber 112 gradually increases from bottom to top. The pressure in the boiler is high, and the heat flow flows into the docking chamber 113. The cross-sectional area of ​​the docking chamber 113 is large, and the heat flow velocity here is slow. The top is blocked by the cylinder 23 and the processing chamber 111, which can block the flow of the heat flow, thereby avoiding the tempering phenomenon. After the heat flow enters the processing chamber 111, it flows through the through hole 231, the flow cross-sectional area is reduced, and the flow velocity is increased, thereby heating and drying the biomass waste in the storage space. Finally, After passing through the guide chamber 112, due to the increase in cross-section and then the speed is reduced, the driving member 21 controls the cylinder 23 to rotate. During the rotation, due to the action of centrifugal force, the cylinder 23 will shake in the processing chamber 111. The shape of the storage space will change during shaking, and the biomass waste that falls on the end of the cylinder 23 will be shaken off. Combined with the change in the shape of the storage space, it is convenient for the biomass fuel to enter the interior of the storage space. The rotation of the cylinder 23 and the shaking setting of the cylinder 23 can improve the crushing effect of the extrusion knife 232 and the fixed knife 4. It should be noted that, referring to Figure 8 When the cylinder 23 shakes, the crushed biomass waste in the storage space is squeezed out from the through hole 231, so that it falls evenly and enters the boiler for combustion.

[0066] Finally, it should be pointed out that the methods and devices described in detail above are merely embodiments, and those skilled in the art can modify these embodiments in different ways without departing from the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A biomass boiler feeding device, characterized by: include, A housing (1) comprising a receiving portion (11) and a feeding hopper (12) provided on the receiving portion (11); An output mechanism (2) includes a driving member (21) provided on the accommodating portion (11), and a movable coupling (22) provided at an output end of the driving member (21), wherein the driving member (21) is connected to a cylinder (23) via the movable coupling (22); a limiting mechanism (3) provided on the movable coupling (22); The surface of the cylinder (23) is evenly provided with through holes (231), and the cylinder (23) is provided with an extrusion knife (232); When the cylinder (23) rotates, it will shake due to the centrifugal force generated by the extrusion knife (232).

2. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 1, characterized in that: The cylinder (23) is provided with two, and the extrusion knives (232) are arranged in a V shape from bottom to top on the outer wall of the cylinder (23); The extrusion knives (232) on the two cylinders (23) are staggered.

3. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 2, characterized in that: It also includes a fixed knife (4) arranged in the accommodating portion (11); There are two groups of fixed knives (4) in the accommodating portion (11). The two groups of fixed knives (4) are respectively arranged on different sides of the accommodating portion (11). The two groups of fixed knives (4) are evenly arranged from bottom to top, and the two groups of fixed knives (4) are staggered.

4. The biomass boiler feeding device according to any one of claims 1 to 3, characterized in that: The accommodating portion (11) includes a processing chamber (111) and a guide chamber (112) provided at the upper end of the processing chamber (111); The cylinder (23) is movably disposed in the processing chamber (111); The outer wall of the cylinder (23) and the inner wall of the processing chamber (111) form a material storage space; When the cylinder (23) moves, the material in the material storage space can be squeezed out from the through hole (231).

5. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 4, characterized in that: A docking chamber (113) is provided at the lower end of the processing chamber (111); The docking chamber (113) is docked with the feed channel of the boiler.

6. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 5, characterized in that: The bottom end of the inner wall of the processing chamber (111) and the bottom end of the cylinder (23) are slidably connected. The bottom end of the cylinder (23) is open. A blanking port is provided at the bottom end of the processing chamber (111). When the cylinder (23) moves, the blanking port is always located in the bottom opening of the cylinder (23).

7. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 6, characterized in that: The movable coupling (22) includes a first universal coupling (221) provided at the output end of the driving member (21), and a sliding shaft (222) provided on the first universal coupling (221), a sliding sleeve (223) slidingly provided on the sliding shaft (222), and a second universal coupling (224) provided at the end of the sliding sleeve (223).

8. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 7, characterized in that: The limiting mechanism (3) comprises a first limiting sleeve (31) and a first connecting shaft (32) arranged on the first limiting sleeve (31); the outer wall of the first connecting shaft (32) is slidably connected to a second limiting sleeve (33); the second limiting sleeve (33) is provided with a second connecting shaft (34); and further comprises a fixing sleeve (35) slidably arranged on the second connecting shaft (34).

9. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 8, characterized in that: The bottom end of the cylinder (23) is provided with a lower limit shaft (24), and the top end of the cylinder (23) is provided with an upper limit shaft (25); The outer walls of the lower limit shaft (24) and the upper limit shaft (25) are both provided with limit mechanisms (3).

10. The biomass boiler feeding device according to claim 9, characterized in that: The upper end of the guide chamber (112) is provided with a chamber (114), and the top end of the chamber (114) is provided with an end cover (115); The driving member (21) is provided on the end cover (115), and the feeding hopper (12) is provided on the chamber (114); The docking chamber (113) and the guide chamber (112) are both arranged in a trumpet shape.

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