Capacitor with measurable polar plate distance

Abstract

The invention discloses a pole plate spacing measurable capacitor, which mainly comprises a container, a first pole plate and a second pole plate are connected in the container, the lower end of the first pole plate is connected with a plurality of groups of first measuring electrodes, and the upper end of the second pole plate is connected with a plurality of groups of second measuring electrodes. The first measuring electrode is connected with the first pole plate through an insulating connecting column, the second measuring electrode is connected with the second pole plate through an insulating connecting column, and the device further comprises a measuring circuit. According to the invention, through the design of the measuring electrode array and the integration of the measuring circuit, the high-precision measurement of the distance between the polar plates can be realized, and the distance between the polar plates can be adjusted in time through real-time monitoring feedback, so that the deviation of a capacitance value is effectively reduced; in addition, a plurality of functional modules such as temperature compensation, calibration, data transmission and display can be integrated, and intelligence and automation of the capacitor in the measurement process are achieved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of capacitors, and in particular to a capacitor with measurable plate spacing. Background Art

[0002] As a basic component in the electronics field, capacitors are widely used in tobacco processing and manufacturing industrial control. The performance of capacitors directly affects the stability, reliability and accuracy of the entire system.

[0003] As one of the key parameters that determine the performance of a capacitor, the plate spacing has a decisive influence on many performance indicators of the capacitor. According to the basic formula of a parallel plate capacitor:

[0004] C = ϵS / d (where C is capacitance, ϵ is dielectric constant, S is plate area, and d is plate spacing). Even small changes in plate spacing d can significantly alter capacitance C. For example, in certain applications, where capacitance accuracy must reach picofarad (pF) or even femtofarad (fF) levels, even slight variations in plate spacing can cause the capacitance to deviate from the design requirement, leading to signal distortion and increased measurement errors.

[0005] The plate spacing is also closely related to the capacitor's electric field distribution. Uneven plate spacing can lead to uneven electric field distribution, potentially causing local discharge in areas of high electric field strength, reducing the capacitor's withstand voltage and, in severe cases, even causing breakdown and damage. In high-voltage power systems, capacitor withstand voltage performance is crucial; any drop in withstand voltage due to plate spacing issues can result in serious safety incidents and economic losses.

[0006] However, common capacitors on the market today, whether traditional paper capacitors, ceramic capacitors, or more advanced film capacitors and electrolytic capacitors, generally have defects in measuring the plate spacing; traditional measurement methods, such as using tools such as mechanical calipers, are not only cumbersome and inefficient, but also often cannot accurately measure the plate spacing due to the limitations of the internal structure of the capacitor. This is especially true for some miniaturized and integrated capacitors, where this measurement method is almost impossible to implement.

[0007] As mentioned above, in some specific application fields, it is necessary to accurately grasp the changes in the plate spacing in real time in order to dynamically monitor and regulate the performance of the capacitor. However, existing capacitor products and measurement technologies cannot meet these requirements, which to a certain extent limits the technological development and application innovation in related fields. Summary of the Invention

[0008] In view of the above, the present invention aims to provide a capacitor with measurable plate spacing to solve the aforementioned technical problems.

[0009] The technical solution adopted in the present invention is as follows:

[0010] The present invention provides a capacitor with measurable plate spacing, comprising:

[0011] A container, wherein a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate are sequentially connected inside the container from top to bottom, a plurality of groups of first measuring electrodes are connected to the lower end of the first electrode plate, a plurality of groups of second measuring electrodes are connected to the upper end of the second electrode plate, an insulating connecting post is connected between the first measuring electrode and the first electrode plate, and an insulating connecting post is connected between the second measuring electrode and the second electrode plate;

[0012] It also includes a measuring circuit, which includes a signal generator, a signal receiver and a processor. The signal generator is connected to the first measuring electrode through a wire, and the signal receiver is connected to the second measuring electrode through a wire; the processor is connected to the signal receiver.

[0013] In at least one possible implementation manner, the measurement circuit further includes an amplifier, which is arranged between the signal receiver and the processor.

[0014] In at least one possible implementation, a temperature compensation and calibration module is further included, which monitors the operating temperature of the capacitor in real time through a built-in temperature sensor, and performs temperature compensation on the measurement results based on a pre-established compensation model of temperature and plate spacing; at the same time, the calibration module regularly calibrates the measurement circuit.

[0015] In at least one possible implementation, a data transmission and display module is further included, and the data transmission and display module can transmit the plate spacing data calculated by the processor to an external device via a wired or wireless method.

[0016] In at least one possible implementation manner, the external device is a computer or a display screen.

[0017] In at least one possible implementation manner, the material of the first electrode plate and the second electrode plate is one or more of copper, aluminum, and alloys thereof.

[0018] In at least one possible implementation manner, the first measuring electrodes are arranged in an array at the lower end of the first electrode plate, and the second measuring electrodes are arranged in an array at the upper end of the second electrode plate.

[0019] In at least one possible implementation manner, the first measuring electrode and the second measuring electrode are made of one or more of copper, aluminum, and alloys thereof.

[0020] In at least one possible implementation manner, the insulating connecting column is made of one or more materials selected from polytetrafluoroethylene and ceramic.

[0021] Compared with the prior art, the technical effects and advantages of the present invention are:

[0022] (1) By integrating the design of the measuring electrode array and the measuring circuit, high-precision measurement of the plate spacing can be achieved. After actual testing, the measurement accuracy can reach the micron or even submicron level, which is much higher than the accuracy of traditional measurement methods, providing reliable support for the precise control of capacitor performance.

[0023] (2) Real-time measurement of the plate spacing and timely transmission of the measurement data to the relevant control system. The monitoring and feedback function enables users to promptly detect changes in the plate spacing during the operation of the capacitor, so as to take corresponding measures to adjust and optimize it, ensuring that the capacitor is always in the best working condition.

[0024] (3) Accurate plate spacing measurement helps optimize key indicators such as the capacitor's capacitance, electric field distribution, and withstand voltage performance. By real-time monitoring and adjusting the plate spacing, the deviation of the capacitance value can be effectively reduced, the electric field distribution can be made more uniform, and the withstand voltage capability of the capacitor can be improved, thereby comprehensively improving the performance and reliability of the capacitor.

[0025] Furthermore, in some embodiments, multiple functional modules such as temperature compensation, calibration, data transmission and display are integrated to realize the intelligence and automation of the capacitor measurement process; accurate data and related performance information of the capacitor plate spacing can be obtained through simple operations, greatly improving work efficiency and ease of use.

[0026] The plate spacing measurable capacitor of the present invention is applicable to various types of capacitors, whether traditional capacitors or new high-performance capacitors, and the plate spacing can be measured using the technical solution of the present invention. At the same time, the capacitor solution is not limited to the tobacco processing and manufacturing field and has broad application prospects. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0027] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of the present invention more clear, the present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings, in which:

[0028] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of the external structure of a capacitor with measurable plate spacing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0029] Figure 2 A cross-sectional view of a capacitor with measurable plate spacing provided by an embodiment of the present invention;

[0030] Figure 3A schematic diagram of the connection between the first plate and the second plate in a capacitor with measurable plate spacing provided by an embodiment of the present invention.

[0031] Explanation of the accompanying drawings: 1. container; 2. first electrode plate; 3. second electrode plate; 4. first measuring electrode; 5. second measuring electrode; 6. insulating connecting column. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0032] The following describes embodiments of the present invention in detail. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements having the same or similar functions. The embodiments described below with reference to the accompanying drawings are exemplary and are intended only to explain the present invention and are not to be construed as limiting the present invention.

[0033] The present invention proposes an embodiment of a plate spacing measurable capacitor, specifically, as Figures 1 to 3 As shown, it includes: a container, wherein the interior of the container is connected with a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate arranged in parallel with each other; these two electrodes are key components for storing charge in the capacitor and are made of high-purity metal materials, such as copper, aluminum and their alloys, to ensure good conductivity and stability.

[0034] On the surface of the first electrode plate, multiple first measuring electrodes distributed in an array are provided through precise photolithography and etching processes; similarly, multiple second measuring electrodes corresponding one-to-one to the first measuring electrodes are provided at corresponding positions on the second electrode plate; these measuring electrodes are made of special metal materials, such as copper, aluminum and their alloys, which have good conductivity, chemical stability and corrosion resistance; and the first measuring electrodes and the second measuring electrodes are distributed in a regular array, such as a square array, a rectangular array or a circular array. This distribution method can comprehensively measure the distance between different areas between the electrodes, greatly improving the accuracy and comprehensiveness of the measurement.

[0035] The present invention is equipped with a specially designed measurement circuit, which mainly includes a signal generator, a signal receiver and a processor; the signal generator is connected to the first measuring electrode via a low-resistance, highly shielded wire, and its function is to generate an electrical signal with a specific frequency, amplitude and waveform, and accurately transmit these signals to the first measuring electrode; the signal receiver is also connected to the second measuring electrode via a high-quality wire, and is used to receive the electrical signal after being transmitted through the electric field between the plates; the processor is connected to the signal receiver and is responsible for analyzing and processing the received electrical signal and ultimately calculating the plate spacing.

[0036] In order to ensure electrical insulation between the measuring electrode and the plate, while ensuring the stability of the measuring electrode on the plate, the present invention adopts a specially designed insulating connecting post; the insulating connecting post is made of high-performance insulating materials such as polytetrafluoroethylene and ceramics, one end of which is tightly connected to the plate, and the other end is fixed to the measuring electrode. This connection method can effectively prevent leakage between the measuring electrode and the plate, and ensure that the measuring electrode will not be displaced due to factors such as vibration and temperature changes during the operation of the capacitor, thereby ensuring the accuracy and reliability of the measurement.

[0037] Taking into account that electrical signals may attenuate and interfere during transmission between the plates, resulting in a weakening of signal strength, a signal amplifier is also provided in the measurement circuit to improve measurement accuracy. The signal amplifier uses a low-noise, high-gain operational amplifier and is provided between the signal receiver and the processor. Its function is to amplify the weak electrical signals received by the signal receiver, enhance the signal's anti-interference ability, and enable the processor to more accurately obtain the characteristic parameters of the electrical signal.

[0038] To further improve measurement accuracy, the present invention also integrates a temperature compensation and calibration module. Since the performance of the capacitor and the plate spacing are affected by the ambient temperature, this module monitors the operating temperature of the capacitor in real time through a built-in temperature sensor and performs temperature compensation on the measurement results based on a pre-established temperature and plate spacing compensation model. At the same time, the calibration module regularly calibrates the measurement circuit to ensure the accuracy and stability of the measurement system.

[0039] In order to facilitate users to obtain the measurement data of the plate spacing, the present invention is also equipped with a data transmission and display module; this module can transmit the plate spacing data calculated by the processor to external devices such as computers, display screens, etc. via wired or wireless means; users can use these external devices to view the plate spacing value, change curve and related performance parameters in real time, thereby facilitating real-time monitoring and analysis of the working status of the capacitor.

[0040] Based on the above embodiments of the present invention, the manufacturing process can be further described here:

[0041] Plate preparation: First, select suitable metal materials, such as copper with a purity of 99.99%, and prepare the first and second plates through a high-precision rolling process; during the rolling process, strictly control the thickness tolerance of the plates within ±0.01mm to ensure the flatness and uniformity of the plates; then, polish the surface of the plates to remove the surface oxide layer and impurities, so that the surface roughness of the plates reaches below Ra0.1, so as to improve the conductivity of the plates and the uniformity of the electric field distribution.

[0042] Measuring electrode fabrication: Photolithography and etching processes are used to fabricate measuring electrodes on the plate surface. First, a layer of photoresist is evenly coated on the plate surface. Then, through a photolithography mask exposure and development process, a pattern consistent with the measuring electrode array pattern is formed on the photoresist. Next, an etching process is used to remove the metal portions not protected by the photoresist, thereby forming a precise measuring electrode array on the plate surface. During the etching process, the etching depth and accuracy are strictly controlled to ensure that the dimensional accuracy of the measuring electrodes is within ±0.001mm.

[0043] Installation of insulating connecting posts: Connect the prepared insulating connecting posts to the plates and measuring electrodes through special adhesives. The adhesives are made of high-performance materials that are resistant to high temperatures and chemical corrosion to ensure the firmness and stability of the connection. During the installation process, high-precision positioning equipment is used to ensure that the installation position accuracy of the insulating connecting posts is within ±0.01mm, so that the relative position between the measuring electrodes and the plates is accurate.

[0044] Capacitor Assembly: The prepared first and second plates are assembled in parallel within a container (which can be made of a transparent material) to ensure a parallelism error of ±0.01 mm between the plates. The various components of the measurement circuit, such as the signal generator, signal receiver, processor, and signal amplifier, are then integrated using a printed circuit board (a prior art technique not described in detail in this proposal) and electrically connected to the measurement electrodes. Low-resistance, highly shielded wires are used during this connection process to reduce signal transmission losses and interference.

[0045] Based on the above embodiments of the present invention, the debugging and calibration methods of the measurement circuit can be further described here:

[0046] Signal generator debugging: Use a high-precision signal generator calibration instrument to debug the signal generator to ensure that the frequency accuracy of the output electrical signal is within ±0.1Hz and the amplitude accuracy is within ±0.1%. Adjust the output parameters of the signal generator to meet the measurement requirements, such as outputting a sinusoidal wave electrical signal with a frequency of 1MHz and an amplitude of 5V.

[0047] Signal receiver debugging: Perform sensitivity testing and calibration on the signal receiver. Use a standard signal source to input electrical signals of different intensities, and adjust the gain and bias parameters of the signal receiver so that it can accurately receive weak electrical signals and convert the signals into appropriate voltage signals for output. During the test, ensure that the sensitivity of the signal receiver is below 1μV and the linearity error is within ±0.1%.

[0048] Processor Programming and Calibration: Based on the measurement principle and mathematical model, the processor is programmed using C or other programming languages ​​to implement functions such as electrical signal processing, plate spacing calculation, and temperature compensation. During the programming process, algorithms are optimized to improve the processor's speed and accuracy. Furthermore, the measurement circuit is calibrated using a standard capacitor with a known plate spacing. By connecting a standard capacitor with a known plate spacing to the measurement circuit, the calibration parameters in the processor are adjusted to ensure that the measurement result is within ±0.01% of the standard value.

[0049] Temperature compensation and calibration module commissioning: A temperature sensor is installed inside the capacitor, near the plates, to ensure accurate measurement of the capacitor's operating temperature. A temperature calibration instrument is used to calibrate the temperature sensor to ensure measurement accuracy within ±0.1°C. Through experimental testing, a compensation model for temperature and plate spacing is established, and the model parameters are stored in the processor to implement temperature compensation for the measurement results.

[0050] Based on the above embodiments of the present invention, the plate spacing measurement process can be further described here:

[0051] Signal transmission and reception: The signal generator sends an electrical signal to the first measuring electrode according to the set parameters. The electrical signal is transmitted in the electric field between the plates. Due to the different distances between the plates, the characteristic parameters such as amplitude and phase of the electrical signal will change during the transmission process; the second measuring electrode receives the electrical signal after transmission through the electric field and transmits it to the signal receiver.

[0052] Signal amplification and processing: The weak electrical signal received by the signal receiver is first amplified by the signal amplifier. The amplified signal enters the processor for A / D conversion and filtering to remove noise and interference components in the signal. Then, the processor calculates the processed signal based on the pre-established mathematical model of the electrical signal and the plate spacing to obtain the value of the plate spacing.

[0053] Temperature compensation and data output: The temperature sensor monitors the operating temperature of the capacitor in real time and transmits the temperature signal to the processor. The processor performs temperature compensation on the calculated plate spacing value according to the temperature compensation model to obtain more accurate measurement results. Finally, the measurement results are transmitted to external devices such as computers and display screens through the data transmission interface. Users can use these devices to view the plate spacing value, change curve and related performance parameters in real time.

[0054] Calibration and maintenance: Regularly calibrate the measurement circuit using standard capacitors to check the accuracy and stability of the measurement system. At the same time, maintain the capacitors and measurement circuits to check whether the connections of each component are loose or damaged, and replace damaged components in a timely manner to ensure the normal operation of the measurement system.

[0055] In summary, the main design concept of the present invention is to include: a container, wherein a first electrode plate and a second electrode plate are connected to the interior of the container, a plurality of groups of first measuring electrodes are connected to the lower end of the first electrode plate, a plurality of groups of second measuring electrodes are connected to the upper end of the second electrode plate, the first measuring electrodes and the first electrode plate are connected by an insulating connecting column, and the second measuring electrodes and the second electrode plate are connected by an insulating connecting column, and also include a measurement circuit. The present invention can achieve high-precision measurement of the distance between the electrode plates through the integration of the measurement electrode array design and the measurement circuit, and can timely adjust the distance between the electrode plates through real-time monitoring feedback, thereby effectively reducing the deviation of the capacitance value; in addition, it can also integrate multiple functional modules such as temperature compensation, calibration, data transmission and display, realizing intelligent and automated measurement of capacitors.

[0056] If the expressions expressing directions are mentioned in the embodiments of the present invention, they are relative concepts based on the embodiments. In addition, "at least one" refers to one or more, and "more" refers to two or more. "And / or" describes the association relationship of the associated objects, indicating that three relationships may exist. For example, A and / or B can represent the existence of A alone, the existence of A and B at the same time, and the existence of B alone. Among them, A and B can be singular or plural. The character " / " generally indicates that the previous and next associated objects are in an "or" relationship. "At least one of the following" and similar expressions refer to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b and c can represent: a, b, c, a and b, a and c, b and c or a, b and c, where a, b, c can be single or multiple.

[0057] The above describes in detail the structure, features and effects of the present invention based on the embodiments shown in the drawings, but the above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention. It should be noted that the technical features involved in the above embodiments and their preferred modes can be reasonably combined and matched into a variety of equivalent schemes by those skilled in the art without departing from or changing the design ideas and technical effects of the present invention; therefore, the scope of implementation of the present invention is not limited to what is shown in the drawings. Any changes made in accordance with the concept of the present invention, or modifications to equivalent embodiments with equivalent changes, which still do not exceed the spirit covered by the description and drawings, should be within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A capacitor with measurable plate spacing, characterized in that: include: A container (1), wherein a first electrode plate (2) and a second electrode plate (3) are sequentially connected inside the container (1) from top to bottom, a plurality of groups of first measuring electrodes (4) are connected to the lower end of the first electrode plate (2), a plurality of groups of second measuring electrodes (5) are connected to the upper end of the second electrode plate (3), an insulating connecting column (6) is connected between the first measuring electrode (4) and the first electrode plate (2), and an insulating connecting column (6) is connected between the second measuring electrode (5) and the second electrode plate (3); It also includes a measuring circuit, which includes a signal generator, a signal receiver and a processor. The signal generator is connected to the first measuring electrode (4) via a wire, and the signal receiver is connected to the second measuring electrode (5) via a wire; the processor is connected to the signal receiver.

2. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: The measurement circuit further includes an amplifier disposed between the signal receiver and the processor.

3. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a temperature compensation and calibration module, which monitors the operating temperature of the capacitor in real time through a built-in temperature sensor and performs temperature compensation on the measurement results based on a pre-established compensation model of temperature and plate spacing; at the same time, the calibration module regularly calibrates the measurement circuit.

4. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: It also includes a data transmission and display module, which can transmit the plate spacing data calculated by the processor to an external device via wired or wireless means.

5. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 4, characterized in that: The external devices are computers and display screens.

6. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: The materials of the first pole plate (2) and the second pole plate (3) are one or more of copper, aluminum and alloys thereof.

7. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: The first measuring electrodes (4) are arranged in an array at the lower end of the first electrode plate (2), and the second measuring electrodes (5) are arranged in an array at the upper end of the second electrode plate (3).

8. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to claim 1, wherein: The materials of the first measuring electrode (4) and the second measuring electrode (5) are one or more of copper, aluminum and alloys thereof.

9. The plate spacing measurable capacitor according to any one of claims 1 to 8, characterized in that: The insulating connecting column (6) is made of one or more materials selected from polytetrafluoroethylene and ceramics.

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