An intelligent detection circuit for the working status of low-voltage electrical appliances

Abstract

This invention discloses an intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances, relating to the field of low-voltage electrical appliance detection technology. It includes a low-voltage equipment module that controls the power transmission status. When preparing for a power outage, a microcontroller module, in conjunction with a drive module, controls the low-voltage equipment module to perform power transfer and consumption processing. A current detection module detects the total current, and a transfer detection module detects the current of the transferred energy. The detected signal is processed by a transfer degree detection module to determine whether the power transfer requirements for power outage are met. If the power transfer requirements are not met, a voltage drop detection module is triggered to perform saturation conduction voltage drop detection on the low-voltage equipment module to determine if aging has occurred. If no aging has occurred, the drive module is controlled to adjust the drive voltage, thereby adjusting the degree of power transfer. This intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances can effectively detect whether low-voltage electrical appliances are experiencing power transfer problems and automatically adjust the degree of power transfer, improving circuit safety.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of low-voltage electrical appliance testing technology, specifically an intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances. Background Technology

[0002] Low-voltage electrical appliances, such as circuit breakers and contactors, are electrical devices that can be controlled, protected, regulated, and switched on / off. In the prior art, to avoid arcing in the switching elements and improve the safety of switching on / off, a power transfer circuit is generally used to transfer power to the switching elements. The operating status of the switching elements is monitored by directly detecting the current of the switching elements. However, it is impossible to monitor whether the power transferred by the power transfer circuit meets the safe closing and opening conditions of the switching elements. Abnormal power transfer may occur, posing certain safety hazards. Therefore, improvements are needed. Summary of the Invention

[0003] This invention provides an intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances to solve the problems mentioned in the background art.

[0004] According to an embodiment of the present invention, a low-voltage electrical appliance operating status intelligent detection circuit is provided, comprising:

[0005] The low-voltage equipment module, connected to the drive module, is used to transmit the incoming DC power to the low-voltage equipment through the circuit breaker, and to perform power transfer and consumption processing on the circuit breaker when it receives the drive signal output by the drive module.

[0006] The current detection module is connected to the low-voltage equipment module and is used to sample the electrical energy transmitted to the low-voltage equipment, convert and amplify the sampled signal, and output the first detection signal.

[0007] The transfer detection module, connected to the low-voltage equipment module, is used to sample the transferred electrical energy, convert and amplify the signal, and output a second detection signal.

[0008] The transfer degree detection module is connected to the transfer detection module and the current detection module. It is used to calculate the voltage difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal and output the first control signal when the voltage difference is greater than the set first voltage threshold.

[0009] The voltage drop detection module is connected to the transfer degree detection module and the low-voltage equipment module. When it receives the first control signal and the pulse signal output by the microcontroller module, it performs saturation conduction voltage drop detection on the low-voltage equipment module and outputs a third detection signal. When the third detection signal is less than the set second voltage threshold, it outputs a second control signal.

[0010] The microcontroller module, connected to the voltage drop detection module, is used to output a pulse signal and receive a third detection signal and a second control signal when the circuit breaker in the low-voltage equipment module is about to open.

[0011] The drive module, connected to the microcontroller module and the voltage drop detection module, is used to drive and amplify the pulse signal and output the drive signal. When the second control signal is received, the drive voltage of the drive signal is increased and the degree of power transfer of the low-voltage equipment module is adjusted.

[0012] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the low-voltage device module includes a power port, a first circuit breaker, a low-voltage device, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a first power transistor, a third resistor, a fifth diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor, a first varistor, and a fourth diode.

[0013] Preferably, the first end of the power port is connected to the first end of the first circuit breaker, the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the third diode; the second end of the first circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the low-voltage equipment, the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode; the cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, the collector of the first power transistor, one end of the first varistor, the voltage drop detection module, and the anode of the fifth diode, and is connected to the cathode of the fifth diode and one end of the first capacitor through the third resistor; the other end of the first capacitor is connected to the emitter of the first power transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor, and is connected to the second end of the fourth resistor through the second capacitor; the other end of the first varistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode and the anode of the third diode.

[0014] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the transfer detection module includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a first operational amplifier;

[0015] Preferably, the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the ninth resistor and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the fourth diode through the sixth resistor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and is grounded through the eighth resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor.

[0016] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the current detection module includes a fourteenth resistor and a signal processing device; the transfer degree detection module includes a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a second operational amplifier;

[0017] Preferably, the first input terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the second terminal of the low-voltage device and is connected to the second input terminal of the signal processing device and the second terminal of the power supply port through the fourteenth resistor. The output terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier and one end of the eleventh resistor through the tenth resistor. The other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded. The inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor and is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier through the twelfth resistor. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor.

[0018] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the driving module includes a second resistor, a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first resistor, a first power supply, and a third switching transistor; the microcontroller module includes a first controller;

[0019] Preferably, the collector of the first switching transistor is connected to the emitter of the third switching transistor and connected to the collector of the third switching transistor and the first power supply through a first resistor; the base of the third switching transistor is connected to the voltage drop detection module; the base of the first switching transistor is connected to the base of the second switching transistor and the IO1 terminal of the first controller; the collector of the second switching transistor is grounded; and the emitter of the second switching transistor is connected to the emitter of the first switching transistor and connected to the gate of the first power transistor through a second resistor.

[0020] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the transfer degree detection module further includes a first comparator and a first reference power supply;

[0021] Preferably, the non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the output of the second operational amplifier, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the first reference power supply, and the output of the first comparator is connected to the voltage drop detection module.

[0022] As a further embodiment of the present invention: the voltage drop detection module includes a fifteenth resistor, a third capacitor, a sixth diode, a fourth capacitor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a tenth diode, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a third operational amplifier, a second power supply, a second reference power supply, a second comparator, a fourth switching transistor, a third power supply, a first logic unit, and an eleventh diode.

[0023] Preferably, the cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the collector of the first power transistor and one end of the third capacitor, and through the fifteenth resistor, it is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor, one end of the fourth capacitor, the anode of the seventh diode, and the cathode of the ninth diode. The cathode of the seventh diode is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode. The anode of the eighth diode is connected to the cathode of the tenth diode, the other end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the sixteenth resistor, and ground. The cathode of the ninth diode is connected to the anode of the sixth diode and the non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier, and through the eighteenth resistor, it is connected to the second power supply and one end of the seventeenth resistor. The other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the anode of the tenth diode and the... The inverting input of the three operational amplifiers is connected to the inverting input of the second comparator and the IO3 terminal of the first controller. The non-inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the second reference power supply. The ground terminal of the second comparator is grounded. The power supply terminal of the second comparator is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching transistor. The collector of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the third power supply. The base of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the anode of the eleventh diode and the Y terminal of the first logic device. The cathode of the eleventh diode is connected to the B terminal of the first logic device and the output terminal of the first comparator. The A terminal of the first logic device is connected to the IO1 terminal of the first controller. The output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the base of the third switching transistor and the IO2 terminal of the first controller.

[0024] Compared with the prior art, the beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: The intelligent detection circuit for the working state of low-voltage electrical appliances of the present invention can control the power transmission state by the low-voltage equipment module. When preparing for power-off control, the microcontroller module, in conjunction with the drive module, controls the low-voltage equipment module to perform power transfer and consumption processing. At the same time, the current detection module performs total current detection on the low-voltage equipment module, and the transfer detection module performs current detection on the transferred energy. This allows the transfer degree detection module to detect the current status of the low-voltage equipment module when preparing for power-off and determine whether the power transfer requirements for power-off are met, i.e., the voltage of the signal output by the transfer degree detection module is equal to the voltage of the set first voltage threshold. If the power transfer requirements are not met, the voltage drop detection module will be triggered to perform saturation conduction voltage drop detection on the low-voltage equipment module to determine whether aging has occurred. If no aging has occurred, i.e., the voltage of the detected signal is less than the second voltage threshold, the drive module will be controlled to adjust the drive voltage and adjust the power transfer degree. This can effectively detect whether there is a power transfer problem when the low-voltage electrical appliance is working under power-off conditions and automatically adjust the power transfer degree, thereby improving circuit safety. Attached Figure Description

[0025] To more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the drawings used in the description of the embodiments of the present invention will be briefly introduced below. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative effort.

[0026] Figure 1 This is a schematic block diagram of a low-voltage electrical appliance operating status intelligent detection circuit provided in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0027] Figure 2 The circuit diagram is provided for an embodiment of the present invention of an intelligent detection circuit for the working status of low-voltage electrical appliances.

[0028] Figure 3 The circuit diagram is provided for the transfer degree detection module in an embodiment of the present invention.

[0029] Figure 4 The circuit diagram is provided for the voltage drop detection module in an embodiment of the present invention. Detailed Implementation

[0030] The technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. Obviously, the described embodiments are only some embodiments of the present invention, and not all embodiments. Based on the embodiments of the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by those skilled in the art without creative effort are within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0031] In one embodiment, see Figure 1 A low-voltage electrical appliance operating status intelligent detection circuit, comprising:

[0032] The low-voltage equipment module 1 is connected to the drive module 7 and is used to transmit the DC power supplied to the low-voltage equipment through the circuit breaker. When it receives the drive signal output by the drive module 7, it performs power transfer and consumption processing on the circuit breaker.

[0033] The current detection module 2 is connected to the low-voltage equipment module 1 and is used to sample the electrical energy transmitted to the low-voltage equipment, perform signal conversion and amplification on the sampled signal, and output the first detection signal.

[0034] The transfer detection module 3 is connected to the low-voltage equipment module 1 and is used to sample the transferred electrical energy, convert and amplify the signal, and output a second detection signal.

[0035] The transfer degree detection module 4 is connected to the transfer detection module 3 and the current detection module 2. It is used to calculate the voltage difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal and output the first control signal when the voltage difference is greater than the set first voltage threshold.

[0036] The voltage drop detection module 5 is connected to the transfer degree detection module 4 and the low-voltage equipment module 1. When it receives the first control signal and the pulse signal output by the microcontroller module 6, it performs saturation conduction voltage drop detection on the low-voltage equipment module 1 and outputs a third detection signal. When the third detection signal is less than the set second voltage threshold, it outputs a second control signal.

[0037] The microcontroller module 6, connected to the voltage drop detection module 5, is used to output a pulse signal and receive a third detection signal and a second control signal when the circuit breaker in the low-voltage equipment module 1 is about to be opened.

[0038] The drive module 7 is connected to the microcontroller module 6 and the voltage drop detection module 5. It is used to drive and amplify the pulse signal and output the drive signal. When the second control signal is received, it increases the drive voltage of the drive signal and adjusts the degree of power transfer of the low-voltage device module 1.

[0039] In a specific embodiment, the low-voltage equipment module 1 can be a low-voltage equipment circuit composed of a power port, circuit breaker, IGBT, low-voltage equipment, capacitor, etc. It can be connected to DC power, control the transmission of DC power and supply power to the low-voltage equipment, and can also perform power transfer and power consumption processing when the circuit breaker is about to disconnect power. The current detection module 2 can be a current detection circuit composed of a resistor and a signal processing device, which can perform total current detection and signal conversion and amplification processing on the low-voltage equipment module 1. The transfer detection module 3 can be a resistor and an operational amplifier to perform current detection and signal conversion and amplification processing on the power transferred by the low-voltage equipment module 1. The transfer degree detection module 4 can be a transfer degree detection circuit composed of a comparator, operational amplifier, reference power supply, etc. It can set a first voltage threshold, calculate the voltage difference between the current detection module 2 and the transfer detection module 3, obtain the degree of current change of the low-voltage equipment module 1, and compare the obtained voltage difference with the voltage magnitude of the first voltage threshold, which is interrupted by the low-voltage equipment module 1. The safe current when the circuit breaker is about to disconnect is obtained after signal conversion and amplification; the voltage drop detection module 5 can be a voltage drop detection circuit composed of resistors, diodes, operational amplifiers, comparators, logic units, etc., which can perform logic calculations. When the transfer degree detection module 4 detects that the low-voltage equipment module 1 has not met the power transfer requirements, it performs saturation conduction voltage drop detection processing on the low-voltage equipment module 1 and compares the detected saturation conduction voltage drop with the voltage of the set second voltage threshold, and then performs IGBT aging judgment. The second voltage threshold is the IGBT state monitoring threshold to detect whether the IGBT has aged. If no aging has occurred, it controls the drive module 7 to adjust the drive voltage; the microcontroller module 6 can be a microcontroller circuit composed of a single-chip microcomputer, which integrates many components such as an arithmetic unit, a controller, a memory, and input / output devices to realize functions such as signal processing, data storage, module control, and timing control; the drive module 7 can be a drive circuit composed of transistors, resistors, and a voltage regulator, which can improve the driving capability of the input signal and the control of the drive voltage.

[0040] In another embodiment, please refer to Figure 1 , Figure 2 , Figure 3 and Figure 4 The low-voltage equipment module 1 includes a power port, a first circuit breaker K1, low-voltage equipment, a first diode D1, a second diode D2, a third diode D3, a first power transistor Q1, a third resistor R3, a fifth diode D5, a first capacitor C1, a second capacitor C2, a fourth resistor R4, a first varistor MOV1, and a fourth diode D4.

[0041] Specifically, the first end of the power port is connected to the first end of the first circuit breaker K1, the anode of the first diode D1, and the cathode of the third diode D3. The second end of the first circuit breaker K1 is connected to the first end of the low-voltage equipment, the anode of the second diode D2, and the cathode of the fourth diode D4. The cathode of the first diode D1 is connected to the cathode of the second diode D2, the collector of the first power transistor Q1, one end of the first varistor MOV1, the voltage drop detection module 5, and the anode of the fifth diode D5. It is also connected to the cathode of the fifth diode D5 and one end of the first capacitor C1 through the third resistor R3. The other end of the first capacitor C1 is connected to the emitter of the first power transistor Q1 and the first end of the fourth resistor R4. It is also connected to the second end of the fourth resistor R4 through the second capacitor C2. The other end of the first varistor MOV1 is connected to the anode of the fourth diode D4 and the anode of the third diode D3.

[0042] In a specific embodiment, the first circuit breaker K1 is the switching element of the circuit breaker, which is controlled by the controller inside the circuit breaker through magnetic attraction; the first power transistor Q1 can be an IGBT, which, together with the third resistor R3, the fifth diode D5, the first capacitor C1, the second capacitor C2 and the fourth resistor R4, performs energy storage and transfer.

[0043] Furthermore, the transfer detection module 3 includes a fifth resistor R5, a sixth resistor R6, a seventh resistor R7, an eighth resistor R8, a ninth resistor R9, and a first operational amplifier OP1;

[0044] Specifically, the non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to one end of the ninth resistor R9 and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor R5 and the anode of the fourth diode D4 through the sixth resistor R6. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to one end of the seventh resistor R7 and is grounded through the eighth resistor R8. The other end of the seventh resistor R7 is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor R5 and the second end of the fourth resistor R4. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor R9.

[0045] In a specific embodiment, the first operational amplifier OP1 can be an OP07 operational amplifier, which, together with the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8 and the ninth resistor R9, performs differential amplification processing, and the fifth resistor R5 is a current sampling resistor.

[0046] Furthermore, the current detection module 2 includes a fourteenth resistor R14 and a signal processing device; the transfer degree detection module 4 includes a tenth resistor R10, an eleventh resistor R11, a twelfth resistor R12, a thirteenth resistor R13, and a second operational amplifier OP2;

[0047] Specifically, the first input terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the second terminal of the low-voltage device and is connected to the second input terminal of the signal processing device and the second terminal of the power supply port through the fourteenth resistor R14. The output terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 and one end of the eleventh resistor R11 through the tenth resistor R10. The other end of the eleventh resistor R11 is grounded. The inverting input of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor R13 and is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier OP1 through the twelfth resistor R12. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier OP2 is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor R13.

[0048] In a specific embodiment, the fourteenth resistor R14 is a current sampling circuit; the circuit structure of the signal processing device is the same as that of the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, the ninth resistor R9 and the first operational amplifier OP1; the second operational amplifier OP2 can be an OP07 operational amplifier, which works with the tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12 and the thirteenth resistor R13 to perform subtraction.

[0049] Furthermore, the drive module 7 includes a second resistor R2, a first switch V1, a second switch V2, a first resistor R1, a first power supply VCC1, and a third switch V3; the microcontroller module 6 includes a first controller U1;

[0050] Specifically, the collector of the first switch V1 is connected to the emitter of the third switch V3 and is connected to the collector of the third switch V3 and the first power supply VCC1 through the first resistor R1. The base of the third switch V3 is connected to the voltage drop detection module 5. The base of the first switch V1 is connected to the base of the second switch V2 and the IO1 terminal of the first controller U1. The collector of the second switch V2 is grounded. The emitter of the second switch V2 is connected to the emitter of the first switch V1 and is connected to the gate of the first power transistor Q1 through the second resistor R2.

[0051] In a specific embodiment, both the first switch V1 and the third switch V3 can be NPN transistors; the second switch V2 can be a PNP transistor; and the first controller U1 can be an STM32 microcontroller.

[0052] Furthermore, the transfer degree detection module 4 also includes a first comparator A1 and a first reference power supply VF1;

[0053] Specifically, the non-inverting input of the first comparator A1 is connected to the output of the second operational amplifier OP2, the inverting input of the first comparator A1 is connected to the first reference power supply VF1, and the output of the first comparator A1 is connected to the voltage drop detection module 5.

[0054] In a specific embodiment, the first comparator A1 can be an LM358 comparator; the first reference power supply VF1 can be set with a first voltage threshold, which is obtained by signal conversion and amplification of the maximum electrical current of the first circuit breaker K1 when it is about to be disconnected.

[0055] Furthermore, the voltage drop detection module 5 includes a fifteenth resistor R15, a third capacitor C3, a sixth diode D6, a fourth capacitor C4, a sixteenth resistor R16, a seventh diode D7, an eighth diode D8, a ninth diode D9, a tenth diode D10, a seventeenth resistor R17, an eighteenth resistor R18, a third operational amplifier OP3, a second power supply VCC2, a second reference power supply VF2, a second comparator A2, a fourth switching transistor V4, a third power supply VCC3, a first logic unit J1, and an eleventh diode D11;

[0056] Specifically, the cathode of the sixth diode D6 is connected to the collector of the first power transistor Q1 and one end of the third capacitor C3, and through the fifteenth resistor R15, it is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor R16, the other end of the third capacitor C3, one end of the fourth capacitor C4, the anode of the seventh diode D7, and the cathode of the ninth diode D9. The cathode of the seventh diode D7 is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode D8. The anode of the eighth diode D8 is connected to the cathode of the tenth diode D10, the other end of the fourth capacitor C4, the other end of the sixteenth resistor R16, and ground. The cathode of the ninth diode D9 is connected to the anode of the sixth diode D6 and the non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier OP3, and through the eighteenth resistor R18, it is connected to the second power supply VCC2 and one end of the seventeenth resistor R17. The other end of the seventeenth resistor R17 is connected to the anode of the tenth diode D10. The output of the third operational amplifier OP3 is connected to the inverting input of the second comparator A2 and the IO3 input of the first controller U1. The non-inverting input of the second comparator A2 is connected to the second reference power supply VF2. The grounding input of the second comparator A2 is grounded. The power supply input of the second comparator A2 is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching transistor V4. The collector of the fourth switching transistor V4 is connected to the third power supply VCC3. The base of the fourth switching transistor V4 is connected to the anode of the eleventh diode D11 and the Y input of the first logic device J1. The cathode of the eleventh diode D11 is connected to the B input of the first logic device J1 and the output of the first comparator A1. The A input of the first logic device J1 is connected to the IO1 input of the first controller U1. The output of the second comparator A2 is connected to the base of the third switching transistor V3 and the IO2 input of the first controller U1.

[0057] In a specific embodiment, the first logic unit J1 can be an AND gate; the fourth switch V4 can be an NPN transistor; the third operational amplifier OP3 can be an OP07 operational amplifier, which, together with the fifteenth resistor R15, the third capacitor C3, the sixth diode D6, the fourth capacitor C4, the sixteenth resistor R16, the seventh diode D7, the eighth diode D8, the ninth diode D9, the tenth diode D10, the seventeenth resistor R17, the eighteenth resistor R18, and the second power supply VCC2, detects the saturation conduction voltage drop of the first power transistor Q1; the second comparator A2 can be an LM358 comparator; and the second reference power supply VF2 provides the second voltage threshold.

[0058] In this embodiment of an intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances, when the first circuit breaker K1 is closed, the DC power supplied to the power port is transmitted to the low-voltage equipment. When the first circuit breaker K1 is about to disconnect the power, the IO1 terminal of the first controller U1 outputs a pulse signal. After being driven and amplified by the first power supply VCC1, the first resistor R1, the first switch V1, the second switch V2, and the second resistor R2, a drive signal is output to drive the first power transistor Q1 to conduct. This, in conjunction with the first capacitor, the third resistor R3, the fifth diode D5, the first capacitor C1, the fourth resistor R4, the second capacitor C2, the fifth resistor R5, and the fourth diode D4, performs power transfer processing. The fifth resistor R5 performs current sampling for energy transfer. The sampled signal is then converted and amplified by the first operational amplifier OP1, the sixth resistor R6, the seventh resistor R7, the eighth resistor R8, and the ninth resistor R9, outputting a second detection signal. The fourteenth resistor R14 samples the total current, which is then converted and amplified by the signal processing device, outputting a first detection signal. The second operational amplifier OP2, the tenth resistor R10, the eleventh resistor R11, the twelfth resistor R12, and the thirteenth resistor R13 subtract the first and second detection signals to detect the current level in the first circuit breaker K1. If the difference is greater than a set value, the detection is performed. When the first voltage threshold is reached, it indicates that the transferred electrical energy is insufficient to ensure that the first circuit breaker K1 is at a safe current when the power is safely cut off. At this time, the first logic unit J1, in conjunction with the eleventh diode D11, performs a high-level self-locking to trigger the fourth switch V4 to conduct. The third operational amplifier OP3, in conjunction with the fifteenth resistor R15, the third capacitor C3, the sixth diode D6, the sixteenth resistor R16, the fourth capacitor C4, the seventh diode D7, the eighth diode D8, the ninth diode D9, the tenth diode D10, the eighteenth resistor R18, the seventeenth resistor R17, and the second power supply VCC2, performs saturation conduction voltage drop detection processing on the IGBT and outputs the third detection signal. The second ratio Comparator A2 performs voltage comparison processing on the second voltage threshold and the third detection signal provided by the second reference power supply VF2. When the second voltage threshold is greater than the third detection signal, it indicates that the IGBT has not aged. This causes the second comparator A2 to output a first control signal and control the third switch V3 to turn on. The first control signal and the third detection signal are received by the IO3 and IO2 terminals of the first controller U1, respectively. The third switch V3 is connected in parallel with the first resistor R1 to supply power, thereby increasing the drive voltage of the drive signal, adjusting the conduction degree of the first power transistor Q1, and increasing the degree of power transfer. After the power transfer stops, the first varistor MOV1 handles the power consumption.

[0059] It will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the present invention is not limited to the details of the exemplary embodiments described above, and that the invention can be implemented in other specific forms without departing from its spirit or essential characteristics. Therefore, the embodiments should be considered in all respects as exemplary and non-limiting, and the scope of the invention is defined by the appended claims rather than the foregoing description. Thus, all variations falling within the meaning and scope of equivalents of the claims are intended to be included within the present invention. No reference numerals in the claims should be construed as limiting the scope of the claims.

[0060] Furthermore, it should be understood that although this specification describes embodiments, not every embodiment contains only one independent technical solution. This narrative style is merely for clarity. Those skilled in the art should consider the specification as a whole, and the technical solutions in each embodiment can also be appropriately combined to form other embodiments that can be understood by those skilled in the art.

Claims

1. A smart detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances, characterized in that, The circuit includes: The low-voltage equipment module, connected to the drive module, is used to transmit the incoming DC power to the low-voltage equipment through the circuit breaker, and to perform power transfer and consumption processing on the circuit breaker when it receives the drive signal output by the drive module. The current detection module is connected to the low-voltage equipment module and is used to sample the electrical energy transmitted to the low-voltage equipment, convert and amplify the sampled signal, and output the first detection signal. The transfer detection module, connected to the low-voltage equipment module, is used to sample the transferred electrical energy, convert and amplify the signal, and output a second detection signal. The transfer degree detection module is connected to the transfer detection module and the current detection module. It is used to calculate the voltage difference between the first detection signal and the second detection signal and output the first control signal when the voltage difference is greater than the set first voltage threshold. The voltage drop detection module is connected to the transfer degree detection module and the low-voltage equipment module. When it receives the first control signal and the pulse signal output by the microcontroller module, it performs saturation conduction voltage drop detection on the low-voltage equipment module and outputs a third detection signal. When the third detection signal is less than the set second voltage threshold, it outputs a second control signal. The microcontroller module, connected to the voltage drop detection module, is used to output a pulse signal and receive a third detection signal and a second control signal when the circuit breaker in the low-voltage equipment module is about to open. The drive module, connected to the microcontroller module and the voltage drop detection module, is used to drive and amplify the pulse signal and output the drive signal. When the second control signal is received, the drive voltage of the drive signal is increased and the degree of power transfer of the low-voltage device module is adjusted. The low-voltage equipment module includes a power port, a first circuit breaker, low-voltage equipment, a first diode, a second diode, a third diode, a first power transistor, a third resistor, a fifth diode, a first capacitor, a second capacitor, a fourth resistor, a first varistor, and a fourth diode. The first end of the power port is connected to the first end of the first circuit breaker, the anode of the first diode, and the cathode of the third diode. The second end of the first circuit breaker is connected to the first end of the low-voltage equipment, the anode of the second diode, and the cathode of the fourth diode. The cathode of the first diode is connected to the cathode of the second diode, the collector of the first power transistor, one end of the first varistor, the voltage drop detection module, and the anode of the fifth diode. It is also connected to the cathode of the fifth diode and one end of the first capacitor through the third resistor. The other end of the first capacitor is connected to the emitter of the first power transistor and the first end of the fourth resistor. It is also connected to the second end of the fourth resistor through the second capacitor. The other end of the first varistor is connected to the anode of the fourth diode and the anode of the third diode. The transfer detection module includes a fifth resistor, a sixth resistor, a seventh resistor, an eighth resistor, a ninth resistor, and a first operational amplifier; The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the ninth resistor and is connected to one end of the fifth resistor and the anode of the fourth diode through the sixth resistor. The non-inverting input of the first operational amplifier is connected to one end of the seventh resistor and is grounded through the eighth resistor. The other end of the seventh resistor is connected to the other end of the fifth resistor and the second end of the fourth resistor. The output terminal of the first operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the ninth resistor. The transfer degree detection module further includes a first comparator and a first reference power supply; The non-inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the output of the second operational amplifier, the inverting input of the first comparator is connected to the first reference power supply, and the output of the first comparator is connected to the voltage drop detection module.

2. The intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The current detection module includes a fourteenth resistor and a signal processing device; the transfer degree detection module includes a tenth resistor, an eleventh resistor, a twelfth resistor, a thirteenth resistor, and a second operational amplifier; The first input terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the second terminal of the low-voltage device and is connected to the second input terminal of the signal processing device and the second terminal of the power supply port through the fourteenth resistor. The output terminal of the signal processing device is connected to the non-inverting input of the second operational amplifier and one end of the eleventh resistor through the tenth resistor. The other end of the eleventh resistor is grounded. The inverting input of the second operational amplifier is connected to one end of the thirteenth resistor and is connected to the output terminal of the first operational amplifier through the twelfth resistor. The output terminal of the second operational amplifier is connected to the other end of the thirteenth resistor.

3. The intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances according to claim 2, characterized in that, The driving module includes a second resistor, a first switching transistor, a second switching transistor, a first resistor, a first power supply, and a third switching transistor; the microcontroller module includes a first controller; The collector of the first switch is connected to the emitter of the third switch and is connected to the collector of the third switch and the first power supply through a first resistor. The base of the third switch is connected to the voltage drop detection module. The base of the first switch is connected to the base of the second switch and the IO1 terminal of the first controller. The collector of the second switch is grounded. The emitter of the second switch is connected to the emitter of the first switch and is connected to the gate of the first power transistor through a second resistor.

4. The intelligent detection circuit for the operating status of low-voltage electrical appliances according to claim 1, characterized in that, The voltage drop detection module includes a fifteenth resistor, a third capacitor, a sixth diode, a fourth capacitor, a sixteenth resistor, a seventh diode, an eighth diode, a ninth diode, a tenth diode, a seventeenth resistor, an eighteenth resistor, a third operational amplifier, a second power supply, a second reference power supply, a second comparator, a fourth switching transistor, a third power supply, a first logic unit, and an eleventh diode. The cathode of the sixth diode is connected to the collector of the first power transistor and one end of the third capacitor, and through the fifteenth resistor, it is connected to one end of the sixteenth resistor, the other end of the third capacitor, one end of the fourth capacitor, the anode of the seventh diode, and the cathode of the ninth diode. The cathode of the seventh diode is connected to the cathode of the eighth diode. The anode of the eighth diode is connected to the cathode of the tenth diode, the other end of the fourth capacitor, the other end of the sixteenth resistor, and ground. The cathode of the ninth diode is connected to the anode of the sixth diode and the non-inverting input of the third operational amplifier, and through the eighteenth resistor, it is connected to the second power supply and one end of the seventeenth resistor. The other end of the seventeenth resistor is connected to the anode of the tenth diode and the third... The inverting input of the operational amplifier and the output of the third operational amplifier are connected to the inverting input of the second comparator and the IO3 terminal of the first controller. The non-inverting input of the second comparator is connected to the second reference power supply. The ground terminal of the second comparator is grounded. The power supply terminal of the second comparator is connected to the emitter of the fourth switching transistor. The collector of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the third power supply. The base of the fourth switching transistor is connected to the anode of the eleventh diode and the Y terminal of the first logic device. The cathode of the eleventh diode is connected to the B terminal of the first logic device and the output terminal of the first comparator. The A terminal of the first logic device is connected to the IO1 terminal of the first controller. The output terminal of the second comparator is connected to the base of the third switching transistor and the IO2 terminal of the first controller.

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