Evaluation method and system for suitability of Ganxiangxi smoothing original groundwater resource strategic reserve area

Abstract

The invention provides a Jiangxi smoothing original groundwater resource strategic reserve area suitability evaluation method and system, and belongs to the technical field of water resource management and evaluation. The suitability evaluation method comprises five steps of index system construction, evaluation index system grading assignment, weight determination, evaluation model construction and result analysis and partitioning. According to the suitability evaluation method, multiple evaluation indexes are adopted, evaluation is carried out from the four dimensions of the water supply capacity of the groundwater reserve area, the groundwater emergency utilization capacity, the social economic development and the environmental disaster influence, and comprehensive evaluation of the groundwater resource strategic reserve area is comprehensively, scientifically and efficiently achieved; and a scientific basis is provided for the selection of smoothing the original strategic reserve area by the Ganxiangxi.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the technical field of water resource management and evaluation, and specifically relates to a suitability evaluation method and system for a strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain. Background Art

[0002] With the acceleration of urbanization and the impact of climate change, water shortages are becoming increasingly serious. Especially under extreme climatic conditions, a single surface water resource poses significant risks to water supply security. Groundwater, as an important strategic reserve resource, offers advantages such as safety, wide spatial distribution, and stable water supply, making it an effective response to emergencies and water shortages. Therefore, establishing strategic groundwater reserves is crucial for ensuring urban water supply security.

[0003] Extensive research has been conducted both domestically and internationally on the site selection and evaluation methods for strategic groundwater reserves. For example, Wuhan City used the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to establish a suitability evaluation index system for strategic groundwater reserve site selection, comprehensively evaluating water supply capacity, emergency utilization capacity, socioeconomic development, and environmental disaster impacts. Similar research has also been conducted in the middle and lower reaches of the Yangtze River, proposing an evaluation system that incorporates multiple indicators, including groundwater reserves, water quality, recharge capacity, and exploitation level. However, existing evaluation methods are often based on generalized index systems that fail to fully consider the target region's hydrogeological conditions, socioeconomic development characteristics, and environmental sensitivity, resulting in poor regional adaptability. Furthermore, most existing evaluation methods employ a single analytic hierarchy process or entropy weight method for weight allocation, lacking research on multi-source data fusion and the integrated application of multiple methods, resulting in inadequate comprehensive consideration. Suitability evaluation methods for strategic groundwater reserves in the Ganfu Plain, specifically the Ganfu Plain, have yet to be systematically developed, lacking a comprehensive evaluation index system and suitability evaluation method applicable to the region. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a suitability evaluation method and system for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain.

[0005] The present invention provides a method for evaluating the suitability of a strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain, comprising the following steps: (1) Construction of the indicator system: From the four dimensions of resource reserves, emergency response effectiveness, and social economy and environmental disasters, a three-level evaluation indicator system consisting of the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer is constructed; (2) Grading and assignment of evaluation index system: Each evaluation index in the index layer is standardized using the grading and assignment method to form a comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework; (3) Weight determination: Use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each indicator. W AHP, and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 ,Will W AHP and W 熵权法 Perform coupling to obtain comprehensive weight; (4) Evaluation model construction: Based on the standardized evaluation index data and the determined weights, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the suitability of groundwater resource strategic reserve areas in different regions of the Ganfu Plain; (5) Result analysis and zoning: Based on the calculation results of the comprehensive evaluation model, the suitability level of the strategic reserve areas of groundwater resources in each region is analyzed.

[0006] Furthermore, in step (1), the target layer is the suitability of the site selection for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources; The criteria layer includes the water supply capacity of groundwater reserve areas, groundwater emergency utilization capacity, social and economic development and environmental disaster impacts; The indicator layer is the specific 18 indicators under the criterion layer, among which the water supply capacity of the groundwater reserve area includes five indicators: aquifer storage capacity, groundwater recharge capacity, groundwater quality, groundwater exploitation level and the safety of the reserve area itself; the groundwater emergency utilization capacity includes six indicators: emergency response time, water source extraction capacity, urban urgent water demand, farmland urgent water demand, emergency water supply level and existing emergency water supply capacity; social and economic development includes four indicators: emergency water supply economic cost, distance from the reserve area, pipeline network construction level and existing water supply facilities; environmental disasters include three indicators: landing funnel, ground subsidence and groundwater pollution.

[0007] Furthermore, in step (2), the grading and assignment standards of the evaluation index system are as follows: The maximum value of the classification range is assigned a value corresponding to the interval. For example, in the water storage capacity of the aquifer, the value assigned for the classification of 15 is 5, and the value assigned for the classification of 10 is 3.

[0008] Furthermore, in step (3), the analytic hierarchy process includes the following steps: (A) Constructing a hierarchical model: Decomposing the evaluation objectives of the strategic groundwater reserve area into the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer; (B) Construct a judgment matrix; combine the expert scoring method and the 1-9 scale method to compare the importance of each factor at the same level and construct a judgment matrix; (C) Calculate the weight; use the eigenvalue method to obtain the eigenvector, and normalize the eigenvector to obtain the weight vector W AHP ; (D) Consistency test: A consistency test is performed on each judgment matrix to ensure that the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix is ​​less than 0.1 to verify the rationality of the weight distribution.

[0009] Furthermore, in step (3), the entropy weight method includes the following steps: (a) Data standardization: Construct a data matrix for m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects: Normalize the matrix X. The normalized matrix is: Where y ij Indicates the standard value of the j-th evaluation object on the i-th evaluation index; Evaluation indicators are divided into positive indicators y ij and the inverse indicator y' ij ; Positive indicators: Contrarian indicators: (b) Definition of entropy and entropy weight: In an evaluation problem with m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects, the entropy of the i-th indicator is defined as: in, , ,when hour, ; In the (n, m) evaluation problem, the entropy weight of the i-th indicator is defined as: Where, 0≤ ≤1, =1; Get the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 .

[0010] Furthermore, in step (3), the calculation method of the comprehensive weight is as follows: .

[0011] Furthermore, in step (4), the method for constructing the comprehensive evaluation model is as follows: The value of each evaluation indicator in the indicator layer is multiplied by the comprehensive weight of the indicator to obtain the comprehensive score of the indicator, and then the comprehensive scores of all evaluation indicators are added together to obtain the quantitative evaluation score of suitability.

[0012] Furthermore, in step (5), in the calculation result, the higher the suitability quantitative evaluation score is, the better the suitability of the groundwater resource strategic reserve area is.

[0013] The present invention also provides a suitability evaluation system for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain. The system is used to implement the aforementioned suitability evaluation method for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain. The system includes the following modules: Data acquisition module: used to obtain 18 evaluation indicators from four dimensions: resource reserves, emergency response effectiveness, social economy and environmental disasters; Evaluation index assignment module: Each evaluation index is standardized using a hierarchical assignment method to form a comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework; Comprehensive weight calculation module: Use hierarchical analysis method to determine the weight of each indicator W AHP , and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 ,Will W AHP and W 熵权法 Perform coupling to obtain comprehensive weight; Evaluation model construction module: Based on the standardized data and determined weights, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the suitability of groundwater resource strategic reserves in different areas of the Ganfu Plain; Result analysis module: Analyze the suitability level of strategic groundwater resource reserves in each region based on the calculation results of the comprehensive evaluation model.

[0014] The present invention also provides an electronic device comprising a memory and a processor, wherein the memory stores a computer program, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the suitability evaluation method for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain as described above is executed.

[0015] The present invention also provides a storage medium, which stores a computer program that is executed by one or more processors to implement the aforementioned suitability evaluation method for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain.

[0016] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The present invention provides a method for evaluating the suitability of the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain. The method adopts multiple evaluation indicators and conducts assessment from four dimensions: the water supply capacity of the groundwater reserve area, the emergency utilization capacity of groundwater, social and economic development, and the impact of environmental disasters. It comprehensively, scientifically and efficiently realizes the comprehensive evaluation of the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources, and provides a scientific basis for the selection of the strategic reserve area in the Ganfu Plain.

[0017] Obviously, based on the above contents of the present invention, according to common technical knowledge and customary means in this field, without departing from the above basic technical ideas of the present invention, other various forms of modifications, replacements or changes can be made.

[0018] The following is a further detailed description of the present invention through specific embodiments in the form of examples. However, this should not be construed as limiting the scope of the present invention to the following examples. All technologies implemented based on the above-mentioned content of the present invention fall within the scope of the present invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0019] Figure 1 An index system for evaluating the suitability of site selection for strategic reserves of groundwater resources was developed.

[0020] Figure 2 It is the hierarchical structure of the AHP.

[0021] Figure 3 This is the score diagram of the B1 subsystem.

[0022] Figure 4 This is the score diagram of the B2 subsystem.

[0023] Figure 5 This is the score diagram of the B3 subsystem.

[0024] Figure 6 This is the score diagram for the B4 subsystem.

[0025] Figure 7 This is the score diagram of the B1 subsystem.

[0026] Figure 8 This is the score diagram of the B2 subsystem.

[0027] Figure 9 This is the score diagram of the B3 subsystem.

[0028] Figure 10 This is the score diagram for the B4 subsystem.

[0029] Figure 11 This is the AHP score diagram.

[0030] Figure 12 It is the entropy weight method score graph.

[0031] Figure 13 This is the total score chart of the comprehensive weight method.

[0032] Figure 14 It is the preferred reserve area for the Ganfu Plain. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] 1. The method for constructing the suitability evaluation index system for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain of the present invention is as follows: 1. Principles for indicator selection To construct a suitability evaluation index system for the strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain, it is necessary to prioritize long-term stability and emergency utilization capabilities based on the characteristics of the region's groundwater resources. Areas with good controllability of groundwater quality and high natural recovery rates should be selected as candidates. The weights of each indicator should then be adjusted to ensure that the evaluation results adapt to various complex environmental changes and establish a diversified and flexible evaluation index system. Therefore, the selection of indicators follows the following principles: (1) Principle of sustainability Based on sustainable development, the evaluation criteria will fully take into account groundwater recharge capacity, renewal capacity, long-term ecological effects, etc., to ensure that the strategic reserve areas of groundwater resources can continuously and stably undertake emergency water supply tasks.

[0034] (2) Systematic principle The groundwater system is a comprehensive system, closely related to surface water, atmospheric precipitation, evaporation factors, runoff factors, infiltration recharge, and discharge. Therefore, when selecting evaluation indicators, it is necessary to consider the water cycle between the various components and elements of the comprehensive groundwater system, including groundwater recharge, runoff, and discharge.

[0035] (3) Scientific principle The evaluation should be based on scientific and reasonable evaluation methods and data. Hydrogeological surveys and water quality measurements should be conducted to obtain accurate groundwater data, including water level, water volume, and water quality.

[0036] (4) Principle of practicality The selected indicators should be able to provide specific guidance for the planning, construction and management of strategic reserve areas of groundwater resources, and the indicators should be able to reflect the actual needs of groundwater strategic reserves, water supply capacity, emergency utilization capacity, etc.

[0037] (5) Risk assessment principles Evaluation indicators should fully consider risks and uncertainties, including risks from human activities (such as over-exploitation, pollution, etc.), and assess the stability and safety of the reserve area by setting corresponding risk assessment indicators.

[0038] (6) Principles of participation in evaluation The evaluation of strategic groundwater reserve areas is a task that involves the participation of many departments and professional and technical personnel. Therefore, in the process of selecting evaluation indicators, the opinions and needs of all parties should be fully considered to ensure the fairness and rationality of the evaluation results.

[0039] 2. Description of evaluation indicators Aquifer storage capacity (C1): This can be defined as the total volume of water stored in an aquifer. Its value is primarily determined by the product of the aquifer volume and the water release coefficient. This refers to the total capacity of the groundwater reservoir, which includes both recoverable and unrecoverable groundwater reserves.

[0040] Groundwater recharge capacity (C2): This recharge primarily comes from vertical infiltration, lateral aquifer recharge, and river recharge. Groundwater is shallow, water levels fluctuate minimally, and groundwater flows primarily through horizontal runoff. The shallow aquifers in the study area are closely linked to atmospheric precipitation. The greater the groundwater recharge capacity, the longer the reserve area's water supply and the greater its capacity.

[0041] Groundwater Quality (C3): According to the classification system of the Groundwater Quality Standard (GB / T14848-2017), Class I and Class II water can be widely used in various fields. Class III water meets the needs of domestic drinking water and agricultural irrigation, while Class IV water can be used for agricultural and industrial water use. After basic purification, it can be converted into a source of domestic drinking water and play a role in emergency water supply.

[0042] Groundwater exploitation degree (C4): This refers to the ratio of developed groundwater resources to exploitable resources. The higher the exploitation degree, the lower the score.

[0043] Safety of the reserve (C5): Compared with surface water, strategic groundwater reserves are inherently safer and have better water quality. However, the safety of the aquifer should be considered when selecting a site, such as being away from pollution sources such as landfills and black and odorous water bodies.

[0044] Emergency Response Time (C6): Emergency response time is the most intuitive indicator of the effectiveness of the emergency response system. Based on the distribution of agricultural land and urban residential areas within the Ganfu Plain, emergency response time is determined based on the degree of residential water scarcity to determine the emergency water supply level and value.

[0045] Water extraction capacity (C7): This reflects the ability to extract water from aquifers, using pumping equipment to extract groundwater and transport it to the emergency water supply network. Water extraction capacity should be consistent with water demand.

[0046] Urgent urban water needs (C8): Based on the Ganfu Plain's "Urban Residential Water Consumption Standards," and taking into account emergency water resource shortages, the minimum water supply standard is used in emergency situations. Water demand is the product of the per capita water use standard and the total population, and the assigned value is related to population density and total population.

[0047] Urgent water demand for farmland (C9): The main crop in the Ganfu Plain irrigation area is rice. Based on the crop planting structure of the Ganfu Plain and the experience of local people, the water supply standard in emergency situations is the minimum water demand of crops during droughts.

[0048] Emergency water supply level (C10 ): Set up different categories such as hospitals, schools, residents, municipalities, and industries, and divide the emergency water supply levels into Ⅰ, Ⅱ, Ⅲ, Ⅳ and Ⅴ according to the emergency water use objects.

[0049] Existing emergency water supply capacity (C 11 ): including the sum of surface water, groundwater and other forms of water resources supply capacity, corresponding to the level of pipeline network construction.

[0050] Economic cost of emergency water supply (C 12 ): In the overall expenditure of emergency pipeline construction and operation and maintenance, the optimal pricing strategy should refer to the tap water price system to ensure that it is lower than the comprehensive cost benchmark.

[0051] Distance to the reserve area (C 13 The closer the groundwater reserve area is to the emergency water supply area, the higher the emergency water supply efficiency. Groundwater reserve areas, while meeting urban water needs, also take into account their distance from irrigation areas; closer distances result in higher scores.

[0052] Pipeline network construction level (C 14 ): The ability of the emergency water supply network to transport water determines, to a certain extent, the emergency groundwater supply capacity of the area, which should be significantly greater than the water source extraction capacity, leaving room for later expansion and improvement of water source extraction capacity.

[0053] Existing water supply facilities (C 15 ): Usually includes water sources, water treatment facilities, water storage facilities, water transmission pipelines and pipeline maintenance facilities, etc. This indicator measures the geographical scope of services provided by water supply infrastructure (pipelines, pools, water pumps, etc.).

[0054] Drop Funnel (C 16 The funnel effect caused by emergency groundwater extraction may have potential impacts on the surrounding ecological environment. Based on the spatial scale of the funnel area, a hierarchical assessment can be implemented and quantitative scoring can be performed.

[0055] Land subsidence (C 17 ): Changes in groundwater levels after mining may lead to problems such as ground subsidence, and values ​​are assigned based on the area of ​​the drop.

[0056] Groundwater pollution (C 18 The main sources of non-point pollution in the Ganfu Plain are fertilizer application in farmland, pollution from urban and rural life, and pollution from livestock manure. There are no toilets, manure pits, garbage dumps, livestock pens, seepage pits, or body burials within 30-40 meters of the wells.

[0057] 3. Evaluation index system This paper adopts the three-level framework of “goal-criteria-indicator” to construct the suitability evaluation index system of groundwater resource strategic reserve area, such as Figure 1 As shown, scientific site selection is achieved through the four-dimensional coordination of resource reserves, emergency effectiveness, social economy and environmental disasters.

[0058] The target layer (A) takes strategic water supply security as the core and determines the optimal location of the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain.

[0059] The criteria layer (B) sets four key dimensions: Groundwater reserve area water supply capacity (B1): This includes five indicators, C1 to C5. The aquifer water storage capacity (C1) focuses on assessing basic conditions such as aquifer water storage capacity, precipitation / surface water recharge efficiency (C2), and water quality compliance rate (C3). It also predicts sustainable development potential through mining intensity (C4) and geological structure stability (C5); Groundwater emergency utilization capacity (B2): including C6~C 11 The six indicators of the full chain assessment model include disaster response time (C6), pumping facility load (C7) and urban and rural water demand classification (C8~C9). 10 ) and other dynamic indicators are considered as evaluation indicators of groundwater emergency access capacity, and the level of protection of existing emergency facilities is quantitatively assessed (C 11 ); Socio-economic development (B3): including C 12 ~C 15 Four indicators, introducing cycle cost analysis, and comprehensively considering the economic cost of emergency water supply (C 12 ), spatial accessibility (C 13 ), pipe network coverage (C 14 ) Compatibility with existing facilities (C 15 ), avoid the risk of duplicate construction; Environmental disaster impact (B4): including C 16 ~C 18 Three indicators, focusing on the decline in water table and the expansion of funnel caused by resource extraction (C 16 ), land subsidence rate (C 17 ) and proliferation risk (C 18 ).

[0060] By using multi-source data fusion and analytic hierarchy process (AHP) to empower, we can achieve balance among various systems and provide quantitative decision-making tools for the strategic layout of water resources in the context of frequent extreme climate events.

[0061] II. Comprehensive evaluation of suitability of the strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain 1. Determination of evaluation area The determination of the suitability assessment area for the strategic reserve of groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation Area requires comprehensive consideration of multiple factors, mainly the following four: (1) Hydrogeological conditions When identifying strategic reserve areas, priority should be given to areas with thick aquifers, good permeability, and strong water storage capacity. Areas with stable hydrogeological structures, abundant groundwater recharge, and consistent and stable water supply and volume should also be considered. Areas with good water quality should be prioritized, avoiding contamination diffusion zones.

[0062] (2) Supply and development potential Natural recharge capacity is a key indicator. Priority should be given to areas with high precipitation infiltration coefficients and proximity to rivers such as the Ganjiang River and Fuhe River to enhance the interactive recharge of surface water and groundwater. Agricultural non-point source pollution and industrial pollution sources (>2 km from sewage outlets) should be avoided. Furthermore, priority should be given to areas with low levels of exploitation and a good balance between reserves and production.

[0063] (3) Risk control and supporting facilities Avoid areas with historically high pressure and rapid subsidence (such as Jiangfang and Hongdu over-exploitation centers) and select areas less susceptible to geological hazards. From a social resilience perspective, prioritize areas with pipeline coverage exceeding 80% and a uniform population distribution to balance water demand and resource burden. Consider the region's accessibility and the comprehensiveness of its facility monitoring systems to ensure effective implementation of dynamic adjustment strategies, thereby enhancing the region's ability to handle emergencies.

[0064] (4) Implementation process To achieve the rational regional construction of emergency water supply reserve areas, this paper applies the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and the entropy weight method (EWM) to integrate and empower them, optimizing the indicator evaluation system through the complementary use of subjective and objective weights. First, a hierarchical structure model is constructed based on expert scoring, and the weights of the indicators are calculated using a judgment matrix, following the actual situation to ensure that management standards are met. The entropy weight method is then used to analyze the information entropy of the initial data, quantify the degree of indicator dispersion, and form objective indicator weights to reduce human influence. Finally, combined with spatial factors such as terrain constraints and population density, potential zoning is used as the main basis for division, and the dynamic boundary lines of the reserve area are constructed. Key water demand nodes and weak stratum zones are targeted for protection, ensuring that the planning scheme is both scientific and operational.

[0065] Comprehensively analyze various factors, conduct a comprehensive analysis of candidate areas through hydrogeological surveys, and finally determine the spatial distribution range of the strategic groundwater reserve area to ensure that the groundwater resources in the strategic reserve area can continue to supply emergency water in a long-term, stable and continuous manner.

[0066] 2. Division of evaluation units Taking into account the regional geological characteristics of the Ganfu Plain Irrigation District and the collected data, with the evaluation purpose as the premise, in order to ensure the calculation accuracy and simplify the calculation and value-taking process, this paper uses the national groundwater environment monitoring wells within the study area as evaluation units, totaling 79 (63 of which are within the area and 16 outside the area are used as boundary control points).

[0067] 3. Evaluation factor grading standards and assignment The evaluation index system for the site selection of strategic groundwater resource reserves constructed in this paper selects 18 core indicators from four attributes: groundwater reserve area water supply capacity, groundwater emergency utilization capacity, social and economic development, and environmental disaster impact. A standardized method of graded assignment is used to form a comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework. The graded assignment is shown in Table 1: Table 1. Evaluation index system grading table In Table 1, the maximum value of the classification range is assigned the corresponding value in the interval. For example, in the water storage capacity of the aquifer, the value assigned is 5 when the classification is 15, and the value assigned is 3 when the classification is 10.

[0068] The design considerations for each indicator are as follows: (1) Water supply capacity of groundwater reserve area ① Aquifer storage capacity (C1) Based on the engineering thresholds for the storage capacity of the groundwater aquifer in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation Area, a threshold greater than 20 m (10 points) corresponds to a large-scale water storage structure that can support long-term strategic reserves; a threshold less than 5 m (1 point) can only meet short-term emergency needs.

[0069] ② Groundwater recharge capacity (C2) The annual recharge modulus is used for classification, with a score of 1 assigned to "extremely poor," reflecting the risk of resource depletion caused by low recharge efficiency. The greater the recharge volume, the higher the score, reflecting the central role of recharge rate and volume in resource renewability.

[0070] ③ Groundwater quality (C3) Directly related to the "Groundwater Quality Standard" (GB / T 14848-2017), Class I water (directly drinkable) is assigned 10 points, and Class V water (severely polluted) is only 1 point, strengthening the water quality safety attributes.

[0071] ④ Groundwater exploitation degree (C4) The mining capacity is measured by unit water inflow (l / s·m). A score greater than 10 indicates suitability for mining, while a low score indicates resource overdraft.

[0072] ⑤ Security of the reserve area itself (C5) In the safety design of the reserve area itself, it is divided into five layers taking into account the geological structure, the depth of the aquifer, and the distance from the surrounding pollution sources, and values ​​are assigned in sequence.

[0073] (2) Groundwater emergency utilization capacity ① Emergency response time (C6) Considering the timeliness of emergency water supply, ≤3 hours (10 minutes) corresponds to the "golden rescue window" for emergencies, and >24 hours (1 minute) means emergency failure. The assignment gradient reflects time sensitivity.

[0074] ②Water extraction capacity (C7) The system is classified by daily extraction volume (m³ / d): >10,000 (10 points) is suitable for large pumping station capacity, and ≤500 (1 point) is only suitable for small mobile equipment, emphasizing the restrictive role of infrastructure scale on water supply security.

[0075] ③ The city should urgently need water (C8) The urban population is calculated based on the population density of the Ganfu Plain irrigation area, and the average daily water demand of the city is calculated based on the average daily human water demand under extreme conditions, and the classification is carried out accordingly.

[0076] ④ Farmland should urgently need water (C9) The urgent water demand for farmland is calculated based on the crop water demand and planting area in the Ganfu Plain irrigation area in 2023, radiating outward from the monitoring well as the center point. The higher the value, the greater the water volume in the area and the wider the coverage area.

[0077] ⑤ Emergency water supply level (C 10 ) and the level of pipeline network construction (C 12 ) The two indicators are designed in a coordinated manner. Level I water supply (10 points) requires a supporting urban-level pipeline network (10 points). If the pipeline network covers "mountain villages" (3 points), the overall efficiency of the system will be significantly reduced, reflecting the dynamic coupling relationship of facility matching.

[0078] ⑥ Existing emergency water supply capacity (C 11 ) This indicator mainly considers the location of water plants and water sources in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation Area. The closer to these areas, the higher the water supply rate and the faster the response speed, which in turn reflects its emergency water supply capacity.

[0079] (3) Social and economic development ① Economic cost of emergency water supply (C 12 ) From the perspectives of cost and benefit, "agricultural" water use is assigned 10 points (low cost and high priority), while "industrial" water use is only assigned 5 points (low tolerance for economic losses), reflecting the differences in social value weights of different water users.

[0080] ②Distance to the reserve area (C 13 ) The design of this indicator takes into account the surface water system of the Ganfu Plain irrigation area, the distance between water storage structures such as lakes and reservoirs and the reserve area. Areas close to rivers and lakes are assigned higher values, 10 points are assigned for distances ≤10km, and the farther the distance, the lower the value.

[0081] ③Existing water supply facilities If there is a water plant, sewage treatment center and transportation company within 5km of the monitoring well, 10 points can be awarded, and so on.

[0082] (4) Impact of environmental disasters ① Drop funnel (C 16 ) and land subsidence (C 17 ) Radiating outward from the center of the evaluation unit, ≤5km 2 10 points if there is no landing funnel or it occurs within the range, ≤0.2km 2 If there is no ground subsidence or it occurs within the scope, 10 points will be assigned. The higher the value assigned in the evaluation area, the better the geological conditions and the stronger the self-repair ability.

[0083] ② Groundwater pollution (C 18 ) Based on the Groundwater Quality Standards and combined with the groundwater quality conditions, water of Class III (5 points) and below needs to be assigned a value based on the distance between the evaluation area and the pollution source to ensure regional water quality safety.

[0084] 4. Evaluation method Influenced by extreme climate, the groundwater dynamics of the Ganfu Plain exhibit temporal and spatial variations. Furthermore, the hydrogeological conditions are complex, and the distribution of aquifers is controlled by tectonic units. Therefore, weighting is required with the help of experts familiar with the site's hydrogeological and hydrological conditions. Therefore, this paper uses the Analytic Hierarchy Process (AHP) to construct an indicator framework, combines it with the entropy weight method to modify objective weights, and invites experts in fields such as hydrogeology and environmental engineering to provide professional guidance on key indicators. The specific evaluation method is as follows: 4.1 Analytic Hierarchy Process The analytic hierarchy process is used to determine the indicator weights in four steps: (1) Establishment of hierarchical structure The present invention adopts a layered architecture design approach to decompose complex system problems into multi-level elements. The model consists of three levels ( Figure 2 ): The top level is a single element, that is, the expected goal or ideal state (the target level, corresponding to Figure 1 The middle level contains the key links to achieve the goal, which serve as evaluation criteria (criteria level, corresponding to Figure 1 The bottom layer covers the specific measurement criteria selected to achieve the goal (the indicator level, corresponding to Figure 1 C1~C 18In a hierarchical relationship, the superior element has a total or partial dominance over the subordinate elements.

[0085] (2) Construct a pairwise comparison judgment matrix The weights are determined using the pairwise comparison method, i.e. the 1 to 9 level scaling method, with the following corresponding relationships: A i With A j Equally important ij =la ji =l A i With A j Slightly important ij =3a ji =1 / 3 A i With A j Obviously important ij =5a ji =1 / 5 A i With A j Very important ij =7a ji =1 / 7 A i With A j Extremely important ij =9a ji =1 / 9 In practice, we should adopt a combination of individual and multi-person, professional and expert methods. In this way, we can establish a judgment matrix for pairwise comparison. Let it be denoted as A, and its matrix form is as follows: (3) Calculation of relative weights of elements The weights are calculated using the eigenvalue method. First, the eigenvalue and eigenvector are calculated. The eigenvalue and eigenvector satisfy the equation: λ max is the largest eigenvalue of A and W is the corresponding eigenvector.

[0086] Normalize the obtained feature vector W to obtain the weight vector ( W AHP ).

[0087] (4) Consistency test of judgment matrix When calculating the relative weight vector, a consistency check must be performed. If "A is extremely important than B, B is extremely important than C, and C is extremely important than A", this is abnormal. Therefore, the consistency of the judgment matrix needs to be checked. The test steps are as follows: ①Calculate the consistency index CI (consisteney index) in, When λ max =n, CI=0, which means it is completely consistent. The larger the CI value, the worse the complete consistency of the judgment matrix.

[0088] ② Average random consistency index RI (random index) The larger the dimension n of the judgment matrix, the worse the consistency of the judgment matrix. Therefore, the consistency requirements for high-dimensional judgment matrices should be relaxed, and the correction value RI is introduced.

[0089] ③Calculate the consistency ratio CR When CI ≤ 0.1, it means that the matrix consistency is passed. Otherwise, the judgment matrix needs to be appropriately modified and the pairwise comparison judgment needs to be performed again.

[0090] 4.2 Entropy Weight Method In order to avoid the influence of subjective factors, the entropy weight method is considered to determine the objective weight of the evaluation object. The specific steps are as follows: (1) Standardization of initial data. The initial data matrix consisting of m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects is: First, the matrix X is normalized. The normalized matrix is: Where y ij Indicates the standard value of the jth evaluation object on the i-th evaluation index. Index evaluation: The evaluation index can be divided into positive index y ij and the inverse indicator y' ij .

[0091] Positive indicators: Contrarian indicators: (2) Definition of entropy and entropy weight. In an evaluation problem with m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects, the entropy of the i-th indicator is defined as: in, , ,when hour, .

[0092] In the (n, m) evaluation problem, the entropy weight of the i-th indicator is defined as: Where, 0≤ ≤1, =1.

[0093] 4.3 Comprehensive Weighting Method Calculation of comprehensive weight: The subjective weight obtained by the above improved AHP ( W AHP ) and the objective weight obtained by entropy weight method ( W 熵权法 ) for coupling, the calculation formula is as follows: Finally, the comprehensive weight is obtained.

[0094] 5. Determination of indicator weights (1) Calculation of weights using the analytic hierarchy process An expert scoring method was used, and experts from the Geological Survey Institute of the Jiangxi Provincial Geological Bureau, the Jiangxi Provincial Irrigation Experiment Center Station, and the Hydrology Team of the Jiangxi Provincial Geological Bureau were invited to score each indicator. See Tables 2 to 6 below.

[0095] Table 2. Scoring of the water supply capacity system of B1 groundwater reserve area Table 3. B2 Groundwater Emergency Utilization Capacity System Scoring Table 4. Scoring of B3 Socio-economic Development System Table 5. B4 Environmental Disaster Impact System Scoring Table 6. A Groundwater Resource Strategic Reserve Site Suitability System Scoring The weights of each indicator in the evaluation index system for the suitability of the strategic reserve site selection for groundwater resources were calculated using the analytic hierarchy process based on the expert scores, as shown in Table 7.

[0096] Table 7. Weights of AHP indicators Groundwater supply capacity accounts for 50.7%, indicating its dominant position and emphasizing the need for large storage capacity and dynamic replenishment capabilities in strategic reserves. Emergency response effectiveness indicators (C6 and C7, accounting for 19.6%) indicate that while providing water, improving work efficiency and production must be considered to ensure water resource utilization. Environmental hazards and existing facilities are relatively lightly weighted, indicating that decision-making prioritizes the urgency of emergencies over economic burdens and environmental hazards. Because the impact of environmental disasters is relatively low, this may lead to warnings about overexploitation and pollution risks, as well as insufficient capacity to address them, thus impacting the balance between resource development and ecological and environmental protection.

[0097] (2) Calculating weights using the entropy weight method The objective weights calculated using the entropy weight method based on the basic data are shown in Table 8.

[0098] Table 8. Entropy weight method indicator weights According to the data in Table 8, groundwater supply capacity (31.4%) holds a high weight due to high data dispersion, indicating that groundwater's dynamic regulation capacity is closely related to the suitability evaluation of strategic reserve areas. Furthermore, its water quality and inherent safety are crucial to the rapid and effective supply of water in both quantity and quality during emergencies. Environmental risk indicators (25.3%) indicate that groundwater quality is the core of the evaluation within the study area, and that pollution and water quality should be prioritized in strategic reserve site selection. Emergency demand and infrastructure, accounting for a combined 24.1%, highlight the uneven spatial distribution of emergency water shortages and the varying conditions of transmission and distribution facilities. The extremely low weights of the secondary indicators of economic cost and environmental risk indicate that, in special circumstances, emergency water supply demand should be prioritized, followed by the economic costs of emergency water supply and the potential risks of environmental disasters.

[0099] (3) Calculation of weights using the comprehensive evaluation method The evaluation scores of the hierarchical analysis method and the entropy weight method were combined to obtain the comprehensive weight, as shown in Table 9.

[0100] Table 9. Comprehensive weights From the weight results, surface water accounts for the largest proportion (36.3%), indicating that water quality is the most important factor in determining whether the region is suitable for emergency water use; groundwater quality has a high weight, indicating that it is an important factor influencing the feasibility evaluation of the Ganfu Plain Strategic Reserve Area; water storage capacity and response demand have equal weights, indicating that the strategic planning emphasizes the contradiction between resource base and demand; infrastructure (C 13 +C 15=10.1%), indicating that infrastructure construction and response efficiency complement each other; the low weight of water supply economic cost indicates that the decision is more focused on the water supply capacity under special circumstances.

[0101] Compared with a single method, the comprehensive weighting method not only retains the upper limit of resource development considered by experts in the hierarchical analysis method, but also improves the entropy weight method's accurate response to the amount of pollution transmission, forming a comprehensive evaluation framework that takes into account the geological background environment, natural disaster threats, and the possibility of engineering implementation.

[0102] 6. Comprehensive evaluation The comprehensive score of the indicator is obtained by multiplying the value assigned to a single indicator by the comprehensive weight of the indicator. The total score of the corresponding evaluation unit (monitoring well) is obtained by adding up the comprehensive scores of the 18 indicators.

[0103] Regions with high total scores are more suitable as strategic groundwater resource reserves.

[0104] Example 1. Strategic reserve area suitability evaluation results 79 evaluation units were used to evaluate the suitability according to the above-mentioned suitability evaluation method, and the evaluation results of the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method were obtained. The results are as follows: (1) Analytical hierarchy process evaluation results A score chart is drawn based on the indicator weights. Different colors are used to represent different score ranges, ranging from dark red (lower score) to dark blue (higher score), which intuitively shows the score of the units where each monitoring well is located in the study area.

[0105] The weights of the B1 subsystem indicators (C1~C5) are shown in Table 7. The results of analyzing the five specific indicators of the B1 subsystem of the suitability evaluation system of the Ganfu Plain Strategic Reserve Area are shown in Figure 3 . Each monitoring well receives a comprehensive value based on the assignment of five indicators, and the comprehensive value represents the overall status of each monitoring well in terms of regional water supply capacity. The subsystem score map reflects the storage capacity, recharge capacity, quality status, groundwater development level and safety of groundwater in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation District study area. The green dots indicate the locations of the monitoring wells in the study area. As can be seen from the figure, the southern part of the study area, close to Jinxian County, scores higher in the B1 subsystem due to its good water richness, large storage capacity and strong stability. The groundwater in these areas is relatively stable, with good water quality and strong water supply capacity, and can provide reliable water resources for surrounding areas. The central part of the study area scored lower, and some of these areas belong to urban construction areas. The groundwater in this area is polluted by human activities, making it difficult to ensure the safety of the part close to the towns in the study area.

[0106] B2 subsystem indicators (C6~C 11 ) weights are shown in Table 7. Figure 4As shown, the characteristic scores of the B2 subsystem clearly and intuitively reflect its water supply response speed and transportation protection capabilities during emergencies. The fact that the scores of monitoring stations in the northern region are significantly higher than those of some stations in the central and southern regions indicates that these stations are closer to the Ganjiang River and residential areas, and are close to areas with dense populations and farmland. The groundwater source is closely connected to the surface water system, resulting in more timely groundwater transportation and better penetration. This facilitates timely allocation of groundwater in emergencies to meet daily residential needs and minimum agricultural production water requirements, shortening response times to within a few hours. In contrast, monitoring stations in the southern region and some of its periphery generally score lower. Due to their distance from the main water system and lower water levels, their water transportation capacity is limited, requiring them to rely on long-distance transportation or temporary engineering solutions to alleviate drought emergencies, thus extending their response time to several days. Furthermore, although farmland in the suburbs of the city is not as efficient as in the northern region, it still has a certain buffering effect. Adjusting the water pipeline network can improve water supply efficiency and emergency response speed. This figure shows the advantages and disadvantages of the groundwater system in the irrigation area from the perspective of emergency response, providing a scientific basis for building a graded early warning system and prioritizing the reinforcement of water transfer channels.

[0107] B3 subsystem indicators (C 12 ~C 15 The weights are shown in Table 7. The results of the water supply economic cost and infrastructure assessment for subsystem B3 are shown in Figure 5 The scores directly reflect each region's water resource utilization rate, pipeline construction quality, and overall level of completeness. The chart shows that the central region scores higher, primarily due to its proximity to water plants, denser water pipeline networks, and shorter transportation distances. This, coupled with well-maintained facilities and low water supply costs, makes it the backbone of the entire water supply system and a key support area, ensuring its long-term, stable operation. Meanwhile, the densely populated northwest region scores lower due to its complex terrain, the need for interregional water transfers, or its reliance on energy-intensive pumping stations. Furthermore, underdeveloped pipeline construction and a high proportion of older facilities have led to significant increases in water prices, placing significant economic pressure on the region. This region should prioritize optimizing its infrastructure and strengthening its reliability and effectiveness.

[0108] B4 Subsystem Index (C 16 ~C 18 ) weights are shown in Table 7. The evaluation results of B4 subsystem are shown in Figure 6This system primarily analyzes environmental disasters currently occurring or historically occurring within the study area. Data analysis revealed the formation of a regional funnel centered around concentrated mining wells in the mid-1960s. Nanchang's groundwater has developed three major funnels, centered around Jiangfang, Hongdu, and Ammonia Plant, with localized funnels also forming in Qingyunpu and Liantang. The figure shows that monitoring wells in the three historical funnel centers of Jiangfang, Hongdu, and Ammonia Plant, as well as the localized funnel areas of Qingyunpu and Liantang, generally have low scores. These areas are subject to long-term aquifer depletion, high risk of ground subsidence, and potential secondary hazards such as increased pollution migration. Areas radiating outward from low-value zones correspond to secondary diffusion zones affected by early mining. Recent control measures (such as limited mining and recharge) have partially mitigated the expansion of the funnel, but ecological recovery remains limited. Notably, a few wells on the periphery of the irrigation area have higher scores, likely due to their proximity to concentrated mining areas, intact aquifer structures, and minimal historical disaster disturbances. Compared with historical data, the current spatial distribution of scores clearly reflects the ongoing impact of the three funnel centers.

[0109] (2) Entropy weight method evaluation results The weights of the B1 subsystem indicators (C1~C5) are shown in Table 8. The B1 subsystem is evaluated based on the entropy weight method, and the spatial distribution of the evaluation results is shown in Figure 7 A higher score indicates better water quality. While C1 (groundwater storage capacity) under subjective weighting in the AHP method primarily controls high-quality areas in the northeastern and southeastern regions, the entropy weighting method places greater emphasis on C3 (groundwater quality). The figure shows that high-quality waters are primarily located in the southern part of the study area. This is primarily due to its greater distance from industrial pollution sources, the high permeability of the aquifer, and its close interaction with surface water. Furthermore, dissolved oxygen concentrations are higher, leading to faster migration of pollutants, resulting in a higher overall rating. The northwestern region, with its denser population and numerous historical depressions, received relatively poor scores, potentially due to unstable water quality caused by agricultural runoff, factory wastewater, or over-exploitation. Furthermore, the optimal storage areas selected under the AHP method exhibit different characteristics under the entropy weighting method: the southeastern part of the study area boasts high-quality groundwater reserves and good water quality. While the northeastern part, near the center of Nanchang, has significant water storage capacity, it suffers from shallow groundwater contamination due to urban expansion and other factors, resulting in a moderate water quality score, reflecting the resource's large groundwater reserves and average water quality.

[0110] B2 subsystem indicators (C6~C 11 ) weights are shown in Table 8. The evaluation results of emergency response efficiency and water demand of B2 subsystem are shown in Figure 8Higher scores indicate better water supply guarantees and more efficient resource allocation in the region. While the AHP method focuses on emergency response capabilities, the entropy weighting method objectively assigns weights to highlight the proportion of water demand. This figure shows that concentrated crop fields in most of the study areas score lower. This is due to the large areas of cultivated land, high water demands, and significant seasonal fluctuations in rainfall. Existing water supply systems are unable to keep up with such high demand, thus limiting resource allocation. Conversely, areas in the north near the Ganjiang River and in the south near the Fuhe River receive high scores due to the abundant complementary surface and groundwater resources and the dense distribution of pipelines, which effectively provide water for urban areas and some farmland. The median scoring zone, while having moderate water demands, scores only in the middle due to incomplete pipeline coverage. Improved water transmission lines are essential to maximize resource efficiency. Compared to the AHP method, the entropy weighting method better highlights the supply-demand imbalance in agricultural areas. High-scoring areas in the north demonstrate strong adaptability and resource utilization.

[0111] B3 subsystem indicators (C 12 ~C 15 The weights are shown in Table 8. The results of the socio-economic development assessment of the B3 subsystem in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation District are shown in Figure 9 The distribution of development scores is well-distributed in high-level regions. Higher scores indicate better pipeline construction quality, cost-effective management, and improved water supply infrastructure. The study area in the middle region scored the best. This is because the central water plant and water supply network, with its extensive coverage and well-developed infrastructure, enable efficient and low-cost delivery of large quantities of water to the entire region, forming a robust water supply system. In contrast, the northern and peripheral regions scored significantly below the average. This is primarily due to their complex geography, long distances, and aging pipelines, resulting in higher economic costs. Furthermore, the poor pipeline network limits water supply effectiveness. While many areas in the median region have completed water supply pipeline upgrades, their scores are low due to varying groundwater seepage capacities and the fragmented distribution of regional infrastructure. While regions that once experienced significant water shortages have implemented water conservation measures in recent years, effectively mitigating the impact of over-exploitation, improvements to the water supply network still lag behind actual demand. It is not difficult to see from this that the water supply system in the Ganfu Plain is significantly unbalanced. The water supply capacity in the central area is excellent and the maintenance cost is low. In the future, priority can be given to expanding larger pipelines and standard water supply facilities in the northwest direction, and considering how to integrate and optimize the utilization of scattered resources in the transition area to improve the overall efficiency of irrigation area water supply.

[0112] B4 Subsystem Index (C 16 ~C 18 The weights are shown in Table 8. The results of the environmental disaster impact assessment in the Ganfu Plain Irrigation Area are shown in Figure 10Lower scores indicate a region is more significantly affected by environmental disasters or has more prominent historical issues. Monitoring wells in the core areas of historical landslides, such as Jiangfang and Hongdu in Nanchang, generally scored in the lowest range. Due to over-exploitation-induced ground subsidence and aquifer depletion, these areas are experiencing slow ecological recovery and a high risk of pollution migration. Meanwhile, the central and eastern irrigation areas and the Ganjiang River coast scored higher, owing to their distance from industrial pollution sources and the high permeability of their aquifers, resulting in lower groundwater pollution risks and less impact from environmental disasters.

[0113] In summary, the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) and entropy weight method were used to comprehensively evaluate the water supply capacity, emergency utilization capacity, socioeconomic development, and environmental hazards of the Ganfu Plain strategic groundwater reserve area from both subjective and objective perspectives. The AHP method prioritizes the advantages of pipeline networks and water storage facilities, while the entropy weight method focuses more on water quality issues and the hidden risks arising from excessive water use in irrigation areas. The weighted results of the two methods were integrated through a comprehensive weighting method, effectively overcoming the limitations of each method and organically combining subjective planning needs with objective data-driven approaches, thereby enhancing the scientific nature and feasibility of the evaluation results. This not only provides a basis for the delineation of strategic reserve areas in the comprehensive weighting method evaluation below, but also lays an important foundation for subsequent groundwater numerical simulation research.

[0114] Example 2: Delineation of the Strategic Reserve Area for Groundwater Resources in the Ganfu Plain By coupling subjective and objective weighting methods through a comprehensive weighting approach, and integrating expert experience with the characteristics of basic data, we seek a balanced solution and improve the rationality of weight distribution. This method breaks through the subjective coefficient limitations of linear weighting, balances expert experience with data patterns, and makes the weight distribution of controversial indicators more consistent with the overall optimal goal of the system, thereby making the strategic reserve area more reasonable and reliable.

[0115] 79 evaluation units were used to evaluate the suitability of the area according to the above-mentioned suitability evaluation method, and the scope of the strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain was delineated using a comprehensive weighting method. The results are as follows: The scores obtained by the 4 subsystems AHP were integrated, and the comprehensive evaluation results are shown in Figure 11The figure shows that the average scores for the central region and the outer ring of the study area are relatively low. This is primarily due to their distance from surface water bodies, resulting in weak groundwater dynamic storage capacity. Furthermore, the shallow and small aquifers, coupled with the high water consumption of farmland, cannot store sufficient water to meet agricultural needs. The northern preferred area, located near Nanchang's main urban area, benefits from a well-developed pipeline network and strong water flow connected to the Ganjiang River. This well-developed pipeline network and existing water supply facilities enable rapid response to water supply demands. Its groundwater reserves and replenishment capacity also ensure a long-term supply. Furthermore, its distance from the original funnel area, its favorable geographical location, low population density, and high security and stability allow it to cover the needs of the northern study area and surrounding cities, making it suitable for long-term strategic reserves. Furthermore, the southern preferred area, located at the edge of the study area and less disturbed by human activities, offers significant security advantages and can provide stable water supply to the southern part of the study area. Its well-maintained water storage structure and relatively stable groundwater system, good water quality, and low risk of environmental disasters make it suitable for long-term strategic reserves or emergency allocation during periods of extreme drought.

[0116] The objective evaluation scores of the four subsystems are integrated by the entropy weight method to obtain the following results: Figure 12 As shown. High scores are located in the southeastern part of the Ganfu Plain. This area, far from industrial pollution sources and confluent with the Ganjiang River, boasts excellent water quality. Furthermore, agricultural and urban water use in this region is moderate, resulting in effective resource allocation. Benefiting from a mature and comprehensive pipeline network and advanced water supply facilities, the overall economic burden is relatively low. The region also lacks historical siltation and has a low risk of land subsidence, thus minimizing overall environmental risk and demonstrating multi-dimensional synergy. While the urban fringe areas to the north have good groundwater quality and mature water supply facilities, groundwater contamination caused by urban expansion has limited their overall scores. The northwest and peripheral areas of the study area scored the lowest. Due to excessive agricultural water use, inefficient water delivery due to outdated pipeline networks, and the impact of localized pollution on water supply, the water supply system lacks full adaptability. The southeast, however, is a preferred strategic reserve area due to its excellent water quality, strong resistance to interference, and a low incidence of environmental disasters.

[0117] By integrating the evaluation scores of the analytic hierarchy process and the entropy weight method, the total score of the comprehensive suitability evaluation of the groundwater strategic reserve area in the Ganfu Plain irrigation area is obtained. Figure 13The northern region (east of Nanchang East Station) and the southern region (around Lidu Town) form two high-value areas, capable of quickly meeting the water needs of Nanchang City and Jinxian County, and are therefore prioritized for strategic reserve applications. Furthermore, their proximity to the upstream of a dense pipeline network and the Ganjiang River as a source of water, combined with their significant water storage potential and rapid response time, creates a core area for secure water supply. The southern region, situated away from the historical funnel area, enjoys minimal ecological impact, superior water quality, and a more moderate water demand, making it a core area for secure water supply. The central, eastern, and peripheral regions scored relatively low, primarily due to a combination of factors such as agricultural water overload and pipeline delays, resulting in weak overall potential. This prioritized area reflects a balance between efficient water supply and the inherent safety of the reserve. The northern region requires the development of more water plants and water treatment equipment to meet urban water demand; the southern region requires environmental protection and the integration of multiple water sources to ensure a stable water supply even in dry years. The central and western regions can gradually increase their storage capacity by expanding pipelines and implementing water-saving irrigation techniques. Finally, by adopting the comprehensive weight method, an organic combination of subjective and objective evaluation results is achieved, providing a basis for the sustainable management of water resources in irrigation areas.

[0118] In summary, it is most appropriate to select the northern part (east of Nanchang East Station) and the southern part (around Lidu Town) of the study area as the optimal strategic reserve areas of the Ganfu Plain. The specific locations are as follows: Figure 14 shown.

[0119] Northern Reserve Area: Located to the east of Nanchang East Station, with an area of ​​approximately 39.41 km 2 Relying on the outstanding water storage capacity and emergency response efficiency in the hierarchical analysis method, combined with the Ganjiang River recharge and dense pipe network, it has become a core hub radiating to the city and the northern irrigation area.

[0120] Southern Reserve: Located in Lidu Town and its surrounding areas, covering an area of ​​approximately 35.75 km 2 Under the entropy weight method, the ecological disturbance is small, the pipe network coverage is relatively complete, the water quality is excellent, the water demand is balanced, and it is far away from the historical funnel area. It is a strategic fulcrum for safe water supply during extreme droughts and is suitable for multi-water source coordination during extreme droughts.

[0121] Based on the characteristics of groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain and the demand for strategic reserves, the present invention provides a method for evaluating the suitability of groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain for strategic reserves. It reveals the differences in the suitability evaluation results of strategic reserve areas under different evaluation methods, integrates the subjective and objective evaluation results, and uses a comprehensive evaluation method to comprehensively evaluate the suitability of the strategic reserve areas in the Ganfu Plain, and delineates the scope of the reserve areas in turn.

[0122] (1) Based on the characteristics of the aquifers in the Ganfu Plain, this paper constructs a suitability evaluation index system for strategic groundwater reserves from four dimensions: water supply capacity, emergency response efficiency, social economy, and environmental risks. Eighteen core indicators (such as water storage capacity, water quality, and emergency response time) were selected based on these four dimensions. This aims to achieve a multidimensional balance of groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain and provide a scientific framework for strategic reserve site selection under extreme climate conditions.

[0123] (2) This paper adopts a subjective and objective comprehensive weighting strategy that combines the analytic hierarchy process (AHP) with the entropy weight method. The AHP constructs a judgment matrix based on expert experience, emphasizing the dominant role of water storage capacity (37.9%) and emergency response effectiveness (19.6%); the entropy weight method relies on data dispersion to highlight the core influence of water quality (36.3%) and pollution risk (24.1%). The integration of the two not only retains the planning requirements of geological background conditions, but also strengthens the quantitative response to environmental risks, thereby improving the scientificity and balance of the evaluation system.

[0124] (3) The present invention integrates subjective and objective weights through comprehensive weight method and obtains the north (east of Nanchang East Station, 39.41km 2 ) and the south (around Lidu Town, 35.75 km 2 Two strategic reserve areas are selected. The northern region, relying on the Ganjiang River and a dense pipeline network, boasts outstanding water storage capacity and efficient emergency response. The southern region features high-quality groundwater and minimal ecological disturbance. These two areas jointly ensure safe emergency water supply during extreme climate events or special events within the study area.

[0125] The above disclosure is only a specific embodiment of the present invention, but the present invention is not limited thereto. Any changes that can be conceived by those skilled in the art should fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for evaluating the suitability of the strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain, characterized by: The steps include: (1) Construction of the indicator system: From the four dimensions of resource reserves, emergency response effectiveness, and social economy and environmental disasters, a three-level evaluation indicator system consisting of the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer is constructed; (2) Grading and assignment of evaluation index system: Each evaluation index in the index layer is standardized using the grading and assignment method to form a comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework; (3) Weight determination: Use the analytic hierarchy process to determine the weight of each indicator. W AHP , and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 ,Will W AHP and W 熵权法 Perform coupling to obtain comprehensive weight; (4) Evaluation model construction: Based on the standardized evaluation index data and the determined weights, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the suitability of groundwater resource strategic reserve areas in different regions of the Ganfu Plain; (5) Result analysis and zoning: Based on the calculation results of the comprehensive evaluation model, the suitability level of the strategic reserve areas of groundwater resources in each region is analyzed.

2. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (1), the target layer is the suitability of the site selection of the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources; The criteria layer includes the water supply capacity of groundwater reserve areas, groundwater emergency utilization capacity, social and economic development and environmental disaster impacts; The indicator layer is the specific 18 indicators under the criterion layer, among which the water supply capacity of the groundwater reserve area includes five indicators: aquifer storage capacity, groundwater recharge capacity, groundwater quality, groundwater exploitation level and the safety of the reserve area itself; the groundwater emergency utilization capacity includes six indicators: emergency response time, water source extraction capacity, urban urgent water demand, farmland urgent water demand, emergency water supply level and existing emergency water supply capacity; social and economic development includes four indicators: emergency water supply economic cost, distance from the reserve area, pipeline network construction level and existing water supply facilities; environmental disasters include three indicators: landing funnel, ground subsidence and groundwater pollution.

3. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the analytic hierarchy process includes the following steps: (A) Constructing a hierarchical model: Decomposing the evaluation objectives of the strategic groundwater reserve area into the target layer, the criterion layer, and the indicator layer; (B) Construct a judgment matrix; combine the expert scoring method and the 1-9 scale method to compare the importance of each factor at the same level and construct a judgment matrix; (C) Calculate weights; The characteristic root method is used to obtain the characteristic vector, and the characteristic vector is normalized to obtain the weight vector W AHP ; (D) Consistency test: A consistency test is performed on each judgment matrix to ensure that the consistency ratio of the judgment matrix is ​​less than 0.1 to verify the rationality of the weight distribution.

4. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the entropy weight method includes the following steps: (a) Data standardization: Construct a data matrix for m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects: Normalize the matrix X. The normalized matrix is: Where y ij Indicates the standard value of the j-th evaluation object on the i-th evaluation index; Evaluation indicators are divided into positive indicators y ij and the inverse indicator y' ij ; Positive indicators: Contrarian indicators: (b) Definition of entropy and entropy weight: In an evaluation problem with m evaluation indicators and n evaluation objects, the entropy of the i-th indicator is defined as: in, , ,when hour, ; In the (n, m) evaluation problem, the entropy weight of the i-th indicator is defined as: Where, 0≤ ≤1, =1; Get the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 .

5. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (3), the calculation method of the comprehensive weight is as follows: 。 6. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (4), the method for constructing the comprehensive evaluation model is as follows: The value of each evaluation indicator in the indicator layer is multiplied by the comprehensive weight of the indicator to obtain the comprehensive score of the indicator, and then the comprehensive scores of all evaluation indicators are added together to obtain the quantitative evaluation score of suitability.

7. The suitability evaluation method according to claim 1, wherein: In step (5), in the calculation results, the higher the suitability quantitative evaluation score is, the better the suitability of the groundwater resource strategic reserve area is.

8. A suitability evaluation system for a strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain, the system being used to implement the suitability evaluation method for a strategic groundwater reserve area in the Ganfu Plain according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: The system includes the following modules: Data acquisition module: used to obtain 18 evaluation indicators from four dimensions: resource reserves, emergency response effectiveness, social economy and environmental disasters; Evaluation index assignment module: Each evaluation index is standardized using a hierarchical assignment method to form a comprehensive quantitative evaluation framework; Comprehensive weight calculation module: Use hierarchical analysis method to determine the weight of each indicator W AHP , and the entropy weight method is used to determine the weight of each indicator W 熵权法 ,Will W AHP and W 熵权法 Perform coupling to obtain comprehensive weight; Evaluation model construction module: Based on the standardized data and determined weights, a comprehensive evaluation model is constructed to quantitatively evaluate the suitability of groundwater resource strategic reserves in different areas of the Ganfu Plain; Result analysis module: Analyze the suitability level of strategic groundwater resource reserves in each region based on the calculation results of the comprehensive evaluation model.

9. An electronic device, characterized in that: It includes a memory and a processor, wherein a computer program is stored in the memory, and when the computer program is executed by the processor, the suitability evaluation method for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain is executed as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

10. A storage medium, characterized in that: The computer program stored in the storage medium is executed by one or more processors to implement the suitability evaluation method for the strategic reserve area of ​​groundwater resources in the Ganfu Plain as described in any one of claims 1 to 7.

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