Day-ahead electric power spot market clearing method and system considering available power transmission right and capacity service response

Abstract

The invention belongs to the technical field of power markets and power dispatching, and particularly relates to a day-ahead power spot market clearing method and system considering available power transmission right and capacity service response. According to the technical scheme provided by the invention, a day-ahead electric power spot market clearing method embedded with capacity service compensation and assessment is constructed, and the capacity service performance condition of a bid-winning party in the capacity market is evaluated day by day. On the basis, a normal state and a supply gap state are respectively considered to construct an electric power spot market clearing model, and meanwhile, the influence of the available power transmission right on the market clearing boundary is considered, so that the electric power capacity service compensation and the assessment cost are evaluated more accurately. The method can solve the problem that the evaluation result is not fair due to long-period statistical evaluation of a traditional method, solves the problem that it is difficult to meet the economical efficiency requirement through a sorting method in a unified modeling mode, and is simple in implementation process and easy to implement.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application belongs to the field of power market and power dispatch technology, and in particular relates to a method and system for clearing the day-ahead power spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service response. Background Art

[0002] In the electricity market system, the capacity market, a long-term electricity market transaction type based on capacity services, focuses on identifying providers of capacity services required for future electricity market operations to ensure a balance between supply and demand. The day-ahead electricity spot market, on the other hand, uses the next operating day as its trading cycle and optimizes power generation and consumption plans with the goal of minimizing power purchase costs.

[0003] When power supply gaps arise during actual operation, the capacity market and the day-ahead electricity spot market become connected, primarily in two key areas. First, whether the winning bidder in the capacity market provides capacity services based on the capacity market clearing results, and how to optimize and coordinate these to reduce the combined costs of capacity services and electricity energy services. Currently, the primary method for determining whether winning bidders in the capacity market provide capacity services as required is a post-hoc statistical approach. This method compiles statistics on the capacity services provided by winning bidders in the capacity market after the spot market clears and operates on each operating day, and then provides compensation or assessments based on appropriate standards. Key implementation points include: When evaluating capacity services provided, if there is no power supply gap on that operating day, all capacity market bidders are deemed to have provided qualified capacity services. Otherwise, their actual capacity services are compared with the bid-for capacity services, and only those that exceed the bid-for capacity services are deemed qualified. Subsequently, a comprehensive evaluation of capacity service provision within a given period is conducted. If the number of qualified operating days exceeds a given standard, the overall provision is deemed qualified; otherwise, it is deemed unqualified. Finally, if the overall comprehensive evaluation of capacity service providers within a given period is qualified, capacity compensation is granted; otherwise, an assessment is conducted. However, this ex post facto statistical method has the drawback of unfair compensation and assessment. For example, a capacity market bidder may provide capacity services according to the winning bid for a long period of time, but due to an unexpected situation or limited transmission rights, the capacity service does not meet the standards and is therefore deemed unqualified and unable to receive compensation. Alternatively, a bidder may not provide capacity services according to the winning bid for a long period of time, but provide sufficient capacity services on a few power shortage days and be deemed qualified and compensated. This is not conducive to long-term incentives for market members to provide capacity services and may also induce speculative behavior in the capacity market.

[0004] Secondly, in terms of the overall economic efficiency of the capacity market and the day-ahead electricity spot market, for example, the invention with publication number CN116308166A involves a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing method based on the approved capacity electricity price. Although it can construct a conventional power generation priority sorting algorithm based on the approved capacity price and the electricity energy price, and adopt a trial method to determine the power operation plan that meets the power supply requirements and has the lowest overall electricity purchase cost, thereby attempting to solve the problem of effective connection between the capacity compensation mechanism and the electricity spot market clearing, this method is essentially an heuristic algorithm and cannot ensure optimality. Especially in complex situations, its economic benefits are difficult to guarantee, indicating that the current research on the correlation between the capacity market and the electricity spot market is not sufficient, and there are still many problems that need to be solved.

[0005] That is, in the existing technology, in terms of the orderly connection between the capacity market and the electricity spot market, the ex post statistical method is used to determine the provision of capacity services, resulting in unfair compensation and assessment; in the electricity spot market, there are few clearing models that consider the impact of both available transmission rights and capacity service response; and in terms of the overall economic efficiency of the capacity market and the electricity spot market, optimality cannot be guaranteed. Summary of the Invention

[0006] In view of this, an object of the present invention is to provide a method and system for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service response, so as to solve at least one problem existing in the prior art.

[0007] According to a first aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a method for clearing a day-ahead electricity spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service responses is provided, the method comprising:

[0008] Obtain basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission rights contract data;

[0009] Determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the reported power generation capacity of conventional power sources exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap.

[0010] If there is no power supply gap, a power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and power market purchase price as the optimization goal, while taking into account power balance constraints, network flow constraints of reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, and solves the problem to obtain the power market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source.

[0011] If there is a power supply gap, load control will be implemented, with the load control amount being the power supply gap and the load control period being the period when the power supply gap exists;

[0012] An electricity spot clearing model is constructed under the state of supply gap. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap, which is composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee and electricity market purchase fee, as the optimization goal. The model considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing capability constraint, and obtains the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

[0013] Furthermore, the formula for calculating the equivalent power load demand is as follows:

[0014]

[0015] Where, is the equivalent electricity load in period t, NB and NN are the number of load nodes and the number of new energy power stations respectively. is the power load of load node b during period t, Generate power for the new energy power station during period n and t.

[0016] Furthermore, the criterion for judging the power supply gap is that if formula (2) is satisfied, there is no power supply gap, otherwise there is a power supply gap;

[0017]

[0018] in, represents the maximum value of medium-use electricity load in all periods, NG is the number of conventional power units, The maximum power generation capacity reported for conventional power unit g.

[0019] Furthermore, the electricity spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and electricity market purchase price as the optimization goal, and simultaneously considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints of reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints. Before solving the electricity market clearing results and the capacity compensation fees of each conventional power source, the model also includes:

[0020] The capacity compensation fee is obtained, wherein the capacity compensation fee is as shown in the following formula:

[0021]

[0022] Where, F N,R It is the capacity compensation fee under normal conditions. is the state variable indicating whether the conventional power unit g obtains capacity compensation in normal state. Capacity compensation fee for conventional power generation units;

[0023] The electricity purchase fee in the electric energy market is obtained, wherein the electricity purchase fee in the electric energy market is as shown in the following formula:

[0024]

[0025] Where, F N,G It is the electricity purchase fee in the energy market under normal conditions. Declare price function for conventional power unit g, is the power generation output of the conventional power unit in period g, t, NT and ΔT are the number of optimized periods and time intervals respectively;

[0026] The sum of the capacity compensation fee and the electricity purchase fee in the energy market under normal conditions is used to obtain the comprehensive fee under normal conditions, as shown in the following formula:

[0027] F N =F N,R +F N,G (5)

[0028] Where, F N Represents comprehensive expenses under normal conditions;

[0029] To construct the operating constraints under normal conditions, the constraints that need to be considered include: power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, as shown in the following formula:

[0030]

[0031] Where, are the upper and lower limits of the transmission capacity of the operating section s; G g,s , G n,s , G b,s They are the power flow transfer distribution factors of conventional power unit g, new energy power station n, and load node b to operating section s respectively; are the upper and lower limits of the power generation capacity of conventional power unit g respectively; They are the upper and lower limits of the climbing capability of conventional power supply units g respectively; is the transmission capacity reserved for section s, and:

[0032]

[0033] Where K is the transmission right PTR set, i k 、i j PTR k The sending node and receiving node, T k Fixed transfer amount for PTR.

[0034] Furthermore, the electricity spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and electricity market purchase price as the optimization goal, and simultaneously considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints of reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints. The solution obtains the electricity market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source, including:

[0035] Taking the minimization of comprehensive costs under normal conditions as the optimization goal, considering the power balance constraint, the network flow constraint of reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power ramping capability constraint, a power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed, as shown in the following formula:

[0036]

[0037] The branch and bound method is used or the Cplex commercial software is called to solve the electricity spot clearing model under the normal state, and the electric energy market clearing result and the capacity compensation fee of each conventional power source are obtained.

[0038] Furthermore, if there is a power supply gap, load control is implemented, the load control amount is the power supply gap, and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists, including:

[0039] Use the following formula to control the load in any period and implement load control;

[0040]

[0041] Where, Represents the load control amount in time period t.

[0042] Furthermore, the electricity spot clearing model under the supply gap state is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the electricity supply gap state, which is composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, as the optimization goal. The model considers the power balance constraint after adding the load control amount, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint, and the conventional power ramping capability constraint. Before solving the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fees and capacity assessment fees of each conventional power source, the model also includes:

[0043] The capacity assessment fee is obtained; wherein, the capacity assessment fee is borne by conventional power units that do not reach the capacity of the capacity market bid, which can be expressed as:

[0044]

[0045] Where C UN,R It is the capacity assessment fee under the state of power supply gap. is the state variable of whether the conventional power unit g is subject to capacity assessment under the power supply gap state. When the conventional power unit g cannot output power due to no available transmission rights, it is set to be exempted from capacity assessment, that is, It is the capacity assessment fee of conventional power generation units;

[0046] The capacity assessment fee, capacity compensation fee, and electricity market purchase fee constitute the comprehensive cost under the power supply gap state, as shown in the following formula:

[0047] F UN =F N,R +F N,G -C UN,R (14)

[0048] Where, F UN Represents the comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap;

[0049] The following formula is used to increase the load control amount for the power balance constraint and the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right;

[0050]

[0051] Where, is the power load of load node b during period t after load control is considered.

[0052] Furthermore, the electricity spot clearing model under the supply gap state is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the electricity supply gap state, which is composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, as the optimization goal. The model considers the power balance constraint after adding the load control amount, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint, and the conventional power ramping capability constraint, and solves the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fees of each conventional power source, and the capacity assessment fees, including:

[0053] Taking into account the minimum comprehensive cost under the power supply gap state composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, the optimization goal is to consider the power balance constraint after adding load control, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power ramping capability constraint. The following formula is used to construct the power spot clearing model under the supply gap state;

[0054]

[0055] The branch and bound method or the Cplex commercial software is used to solve the electricity spot clearing model under the normal state, and the electricity energy market clearing results, capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source and capacity assessment fees are obtained.

[0056] Furthermore, the values ​​of the state variables of whether the conventional power supply unit g obtains capacity compensation in the normal state and the supply gap state are as shown in the following formula:

[0057]

[0058] Where, It is the winning bid capacity of conventional power units in the g capacity market.

[0059] According to a second aspect of an embodiment of the present invention, a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing system that considers available transmission rights and capacity service responses is provided, which is applied to any of the above-mentioned day-ahead electricity spot market clearing methods that consider available transmission rights and capacity service responses, and is characterized by comprising:

[0060] The acquisition module is used to obtain basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission rights contract data;

[0061] The first processing module is used to determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the power generation capacity reported by the conventional power source exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap.

[0062] The second processing module is used to construct a power spot clearing model under normal conditions if there is no power supply gap. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and power market purchase price as the optimization goal, while considering power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, and solves to obtain the power market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source;

[0063] A third processing module is configured to implement load control if there is a power supply gap, wherein the load control amount is the power supply gap and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists;

[0064] The fourth processing module is used to construct an electricity spot clearing model under the state of supply gap. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap, which is composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee and electricity market purchase fee, as the optimization goal. It considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint of reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing capability constraint, and solves the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

[0065] The technical solutions provided by the embodiments of the present invention may have the following beneficial effects:

[0066] It is understandable that the technical solution provided by the present invention constructs a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing method with embedded capacity service compensation and assessment, and evaluates the capacity service performance of the capacity market bidder on a daily basis. On this basis, the electricity spot market clearing model is constructed considering both normal and supply gap states, while taking into account the impact of available transmission rights on the market clearing boundary, to more accurately evaluate electricity capacity service compensation and assessment costs. This method can solve the problem of unfair evaluation results caused by long-term statistical evaluation of traditional methods. It adopts a unified modeling approach to solve the problem that the ranking method is difficult to ensure that the economic requirements are met. The implementation process is simple and easy to implement.

[0067] Specifically, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0068] Improved fairness: By evaluating the capacity service performance of the successful bidders in the capacity market on a daily basis, the unfair evaluation results caused by traditional long-term statistical evaluation are effectively solved, and unreasonable compensation and assessment results caused by accidental factors or speculative behavior are avoided. The compensation and assessment of capacity services are made more fair and reasonable, thereby encouraging market members to continuously and stably provide high-quality capacity services, which is conducive to the healthy and stable development of the power market.

[0069] Accurate Cost Assessment: The model constructs electricity spot market clearing models for both normal and supply-gap conditions, while also accounting for the impact of available transmission rights on the market-clearing boundary. This allows for more accurate assessments of capacity service compensation and assessment fees. By comprehensively considering multiple cost factors under different power supply scenarios, cost calculations are more closely aligned with actual operations, helping power companies and related market players to more precisely control costs and allocate resources.

[0070] Economic efficiency guarantee: The unified modeling approach overcomes the drawback of traditional sorting methods that are difficult to ensure that economic requirements are met. It can solve the problem with the lowest comprehensive cost as the optimization goal on the basis of satisfying multiple constraints such as power balance, network flow, power generation output and climbing ability, effectively ensuring the economic efficiency of power market operations, improving the utilization efficiency of power resources, reducing the overall power supply cost, and improving the economic benefits of the power system.

[0071] Ease of implementation: This method has a simple implementation process and is easy to implement. It does not require a complex technical architecture or a large amount of additional resource investment. It is easy to promote and apply in the existing power market system. It can quickly and effectively improve the level of power market operation and management, reduce the difficulty and cost of technical implementation, and promote the efficient operation and coordinated development of the power market.

[0072] It is to be understood that the foregoing general description and the following detailed description are exemplary and explanatory only and are not restrictive of the invention. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0073] The accompanying drawings, which are incorporated in and constitute a part of this specification, illustrate embodiments consistent with the invention and, together with the description, serve to explain the principles of the invention.

[0074] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram showing the steps of a method for clearing a day-ahead electricity spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service response according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0075] Figure 2 is a flowchart illustrating an implementation method of a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing method considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to an exemplary embodiment;

[0076] Figure 3 The present invention is a schematic block diagram of a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing system considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to an exemplary embodiment. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0077] Exemplary embodiments will be described in detail herein, examples of which are illustrated in the accompanying drawings. In the following description, when referring to the drawings, like numbers in different figures represent like or similar elements unless otherwise indicated. The embodiments described in the following exemplary embodiments are not intended to represent all possible embodiments consistent with the present invention. Rather, they are merely examples of apparatus and methods consistent with certain aspects of the present invention, as detailed in the appended claims.

[0078] Example 1

[0079] See also Figure 1 , Figure 1 1 is a schematic diagram showing steps of a method for clearing a day-ahead electricity spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service response according to an exemplary embodiment, the method comprising:

[0080] S1. Obtain basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission rights contract data;

[0081] S2. Determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the reported power generation capacity of conventional power sources exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap.

[0082] S3. If there is no electricity supply gap, construct a normal electricity spot market clearing model. This model optimizes the lowest combined cost, taking into account capacity compensation and electricity market purchase fees. It also considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints regarding reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power generation ramping capacity constraints. The model then solves for the electricity market clearing results and the capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source.

[0083] S4. If there is a power supply gap, implement load control, with the load control amount being the power supply gap and the load control period being the period of time when the power supply gap exists;

[0084] S5. Construct an electricity spot clearing model under the state of supply gap. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap, which is composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee and electricity market purchase fee, as the optimization goal. It considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint of reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing ability constraint, and solves to obtain the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

[0085] In its implementation, a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing method with embedded capacity service compensation and assessment was constructed to evaluate the capacity service performance of successful bidders in the capacity market on a daily basis. Furthermore, a power spot market clearing model was constructed, considering both normal and supply gap conditions, while also accounting for the impact of available transmission rights on the market clearing boundary, to more accurately assess power capacity service compensation and assessment costs. This method addresses the unfair evaluation results caused by traditional long-term statistical evaluation methods. It also employs a unified modeling approach to address the difficulty of ranking methods in ensuring that economic efficiency is met. Its implementation is simple and easy to implement.

[0086] Through the above technical solution, the following technical effects are achieved:

[0087] Improved fairness: By evaluating the capacity service performance of the successful bidders in the capacity market on a daily basis, the unfair evaluation results caused by traditional long-term statistical evaluation are effectively solved, and unreasonable compensation and assessment results caused by accidental factors or speculative behavior are avoided. The compensation and assessment of capacity services are made more fair and reasonable, thereby encouraging market members to continuously and stably provide high-quality capacity services, which is conducive to the healthy and stable development of the power market.

[0088] Accurate Cost Assessment: The model constructs electricity spot market clearing models for both normal and supply-gap conditions, while also accounting for the impact of available transmission rights on the market-clearing boundary. This allows for more accurate assessments of capacity service compensation and assessment fees. By comprehensively considering multiple cost factors under different power supply scenarios, cost calculations are more closely aligned with actual operations, helping power companies and related market players to more precisely control costs and allocate resources.

[0089] Economic efficiency guarantee: The unified modeling approach overcomes the drawback of traditional sorting methods that are difficult to ensure that economic requirements are met. It can solve the problem with the lowest comprehensive cost as the optimization goal on the basis of satisfying multiple constraints such as power balance, network flow, power generation output and climbing ability, effectively ensuring the economic efficiency of power market operations, improving the utilization efficiency of power resources, reducing the overall power supply cost, and improving the economic benefits of the power system.

[0090] Ease of implementation: This method has a simple implementation process and is easy to implement. It does not require a complex technical architecture or a large amount of additional resource investment. It is easy to promote and apply in the existing power market system. It can quickly and effectively improve the level of power market operation and management, reduce the difficulty and cost of technical implementation, and promote the efficient operation and coordinated development of the power market.

[0091] Please combine Figure 1 as well as Figure 2 , in specific implementation:

[0092] Step 1: Obtain basic data

[0093] The purpose of implementing this step is to clarify the basic data required for the implementation of the present invention and determine its data source.

[0094] Preferably, the required basic data and their sources include:

[0095] (1) Electricity load demand, i.e., the load demand forecast for each node during each period of the operating day, which is derived from the load management system;

[0096] (2) New energy power generation output forecast, that is, the power generation output forecast value of each new energy power station at each time period during the operation day, which comes from the new energy management system;

[0097] (3) Transmission rights contract data, including bilateral transmission rights contracts signed between power generation and electricity consumption and transmission rights contracts concluded through centralized bidding, are sourced from the transmission rights market management system;

[0098] (4) Conventional power supply data, including capacity market-related data, electricity energy declaration data, and basic operation data, as follows:

[0099] 1. Capacity market-related data, including winning capacity, capacity compensation fees, and capacity assessment fees, is sourced from the capacity market management system;

[0100] 2. Electricity energy declaration data, including declared electricity price function and declared power generation capacity, is sourced from the electricity spot market management system;

[0101] 3. Basic operating data, including climbing ability limit and power generation output limit, comes from the power spot management system.

[0102] Step 2: Determine the power supply gap

[0103] The purpose of implementing this step is to compare electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output and the declared power generation capacity of conventional power sources to determine whether there is a power supply gap.

[0104] Preferably, the equivalent electricity load demand is calculated, that is, the difference between the electricity load demand and the renewable energy power generation output, which can be expressed as:

[0105]

[0106] Where, is the equivalent electricity load in period t, NB and NN are the number of load nodes and the number of new energy power stations respectively. is the power load of load node b during period t, Generate power for the new energy power station during period n and t.

[0107] Preferably, the power supply gap is determined. The power supply gap determination criteria are: if the power generation capacity declared by the conventional power source exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, then there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap, and the power supply gap is equal to the difference. The above determination conditions can be expressed as:

[0108]

[0109] Where, represents the maximum value of medium-use electricity load in all periods, NG is the number of conventional power units, The maximum power generation capacity reported for conventional power unit g.

[0110] If there is no power supply gap, proceed to step three; if there is a power supply gap, proceed to steps five and six.

[0111] Step 3: Construct a normal electricity spot clearing model

[0112] The purpose of implementing this step is to construct and solve the electricity spot clearing model that takes into account the available transmission rights and capacity service response for the normal operation state of the power grid without power supply gap.

[0113] Preferably, the optimization goal is to minimize the combined cost of capacity compensation and electricity purchase fee. When there is no power supply gap, conventional power generation units whose declared power generation capacity reaches or exceeds their bid capacity can obtain corresponding capacity compensation. The capacity compensation fee can be expressed as:

[0114]

[0115] Where, F N,R It is the capacity compensation fee under normal conditions. is the state variable indicating whether the conventional power unit g obtains capacity compensation in normal state. is the capacity compensation fee for conventional power generation unit g. The value of the state variable is determined by the following formula, which can be expressed as:

[0116]

[0117] Where, It is the winning bid capacity of conventional power units in the g capacity market.

[0118] The electricity purchase fee in the energy market can be expressed as the sum of the product of the bid price of conventional power units and the winning bid power output in each period, which can be expressed as:

[0119]

[0120] Where, F N,G It is the electricity purchase fee in the energy market under normal conditions. Declare price function for conventional power unit g, is the power generation output of the conventional power unit in period g, NT and ΔT are the number of optimized periods and time interval respectively.

[0121] In summary, under normal conditions, the comprehensive cost can be expressed as the sum of capacity compensation fee and electricity market purchase fee, which can be expressed as:

[0122] F N =F N,R +F N,G (6)

[0123] Where, F N Represents the comprehensive cost under normal conditions.

[0124] Preferably, the operating constraints under normal conditions are constructed. The constraints that need to be considered include: power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, which can be expressed as:

[0125]

[0126] Where, are the upper and lower limits of the transmission capacity of the operating section s, G g,s , G n,s , G b,s They are the flow transfer distribution factors of conventional power unit g, new energy power station n, and load node b to operating section s. They are the upper and lower limits of the power generation capacity of conventional power unit g respectively. They are the upper and lower limits of the climbing capability of conventional power supply units g. s PTRis the transmission capacity reserved for section s, and:

[0127]

[0128] Where K is the transmission right PTR set, i k 、i j PTR k The sending node and receiving node, T k Fixed transfer amount for PTR.

[0129] Preferably, taking the minimization of the comprehensive cost shown in formula (6) as the optimization goal and considering the constraints shown in formulas (7)-(11), a power spot clearing model considering the available transmission rights and capacity service response under normal conditions can be constructed, which can be expressed as:

[0130]

[0131] The electricity spot market clearing model considering available transmission rights and capacity service response under normal conditions shown in formula (12) is essentially a mixed integer programming problem. The electricity market clearing result can be obtained by using the branch and bound method or calling commercial software such as Cplex. At the same time, the capacity compensation fee of each conventional power source is the objective function F in the solution result. N,R Corresponding value.

[0132] Step 4: Implement load control

[0133] The purpose of this step is to implement load control based on the power supply gap.

[0134] Preferably, load control is achieved by taking power restriction measures for some industrial and commercial users. The load control amount is the power supply gap, and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists. The load control amount in any period can be expressed as:

[0135]

[0136] Where, Represents the load control amount in time period t.

[0137] Step 5: Construct a spot electricity clearing model under supply gap conditions and solve

[0138] The purpose of implementing this step is to construct and solve an electricity spot clearing model that takes into account available transmission rights and capacity service response for abnormal power grid operation with a power supply gap.

[0139] Preferably, an optimization goal is constructed that takes into account the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee, and electricity purchase fee. Among them, the capacity compensation fee and the electricity purchase fee in the electric energy market are consistent with the capacity compensation fee and the electricity purchase fee in the comprehensive cost under normal conditions, that is, the same as shown in formula (3) and formula (5). The capacity assessment fee is borne by conventional power units that do not reach the capacity of the capacity market bid, which can be expressed as:

[0140]

[0141] Where C UN,R It is the capacity assessment fee under the state of power supply gap. is the state variable indicating whether the conventional power unit g is subject to capacity assessment under the power supply gap condition, is the capacity assessment cost of the conventional power unit g. The value of the state variable is determined by the following formula, which can be expressed as:

[0142]

[0143] In addition, the model considers the impact of available transmission rights on capacity response. When the conventional power unit g cannot output power due to no available transmission rights, it is set to be exempted from capacity assessment.

[0144] In summary, the comprehensive cost under the power supply gap state can be expressed as the sum of capacity compensation fee and electricity market purchase fee minus capacity assessment fee, which can be expressed as:

[0145] F UN =F N,R +F N,G -C UN,R (16)

[0146] Where, F UN Represents the comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap.

[0147] Preferably, the operating constraints that need to be considered in the power supply gap state include power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints. Compared with equations (7)-(11), it is necessary to add load control quantities to the power balance constraints and network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, which can be expressed as:

[0148]

[0149] Where, is the power load of load node b during period t after load control is considered.

[0150] Taking the minimization of the comprehensive cost shown in formula (16) as the optimization goal and considering the constraints shown in formulas (9)-(11) and (17)-(18), we can construct an electricity spot clearing model that considers available transmission rights and capacity service response under the state of electricity supply gap, which can be expressed as:

[0151]

[0152] The electricity spot market clearing model considering available transmission rights and capacity service response under the electricity supply gap state shown in formula (19) is essentially a mixed integer programming problem. The electricity energy market clearing result can be obtained by using the branch and bound method or calling commercial software such as Cplex. At the same time, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source are the objective function F in the solution result. N,R 、C UN,R Corresponding value.

[0153] See also Figure 3 , Figure 3 This is a schematic block diagram of a day-ahead electricity spot market clearing system considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to an exemplary embodiment. The system includes:

[0154] Acquisition module 10, for acquiring basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission right contract data;

[0155] The first processing module 20 is used to determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the power generation capacity reported by the conventional power source exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap.

[0156] The second processing module 30 is used to construct a power spot clearing model under normal conditions if there is no power supply gap. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and power market purchase price as the optimization goal, and simultaneously considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints to obtain the power market clearing result and the capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source.

[0157] The third processing module 40 is configured to implement load control if there is a power supply gap, wherein the load control amount is the power supply gap and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists;

[0158] The fourth processing module 50 is used to construct an electricity spot clearing model under the supply gap state. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the electricity supply gap state, which is composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, as the optimization goal. It considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing capability constraint, and solves to obtain the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

[0159] It can be understood that the same or similar parts of the above embodiments can be referenced to each other, and the contents not described in detail in some embodiments can refer to the same or similar contents in other embodiments.

[0160] It should be noted that, in the description of the present invention, the terms "first", "second", etc. are used for descriptive purposes only and should not be understood as indicating or implying relative importance. In addition, in the description of the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the meaning of "plurality" is at least two.

[0161] Any process or method description in a flowchart or otherwise described herein may be understood to represent a module, segment or portion of code comprising one or more executable instructions for implementing the steps of a specific logical function or process, and the scope of the preferred embodiments of the present invention includes alternative implementations in which functions may be performed out of the order shown or discussed, including performing functions in a substantially simultaneous manner or in the reverse order depending on the functions involved, which should be understood by those skilled in the art to which the embodiments of the present invention pertain.

[0162] It should be understood that various parts of the present invention can be implemented using hardware, software, firmware, or a combination thereof. In the above-described embodiments, multiple steps or methods can be implemented using software or firmware stored in a memory and executed by a suitable instruction execution system. For example, if implemented using hardware, as in another embodiment, any one of the following technologies known in the art or a combination thereof can be used: a discrete logic circuit having a logic gate circuit for implementing a logic function on a data signal, an application-specific integrated circuit having a suitable combination of logic gate circuits, a programmable gate array (PGA), a field programmable gate array (FPGA), etc.

[0163] Those skilled in the art will understand that all or part of the steps in the method of the above embodiment can be completed by instructing related hardware through a program, and the program can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. When the program is executed, it includes one or a combination of the steps of the method embodiment.

[0164] In addition, the functional units in the various embodiments of the present invention may be integrated into a single processing module, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into a single module. The aforementioned integrated modules may be implemented in the form of hardware or in the form of software functional modules. If the integrated modules are implemented in the form of software functional modules and sold or used as independent products, they may also be stored in a computer-readable storage medium.

[0165] The storage medium mentioned above can be a read-only memory, a magnetic disk or an optical disk, etc.

[0166] Throughout this specification, reference to terms such as "one embodiment," "some embodiments," "examples," "specific examples," or "some examples" means that a specific feature, structure, material, or characteristic described in conjunction with that embodiment or example is included in at least one embodiment or example of the present invention. In this specification, schematic representations of the above terms do not necessarily refer to the same embodiment or example. Furthermore, the specific features, structures, materials, or characteristics described may be combined in any suitable manner in any one or more embodiments or examples.

[0167] Although the embodiments of the present invention have been shown and described above, it will be understood that the above embodiments are illustrative and are not to be construed as limitations on the present invention. A person skilled in the art may change, modify, replace and modify the above embodiments within the scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. A method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market taking into account available transmission rights and capacity service response, characterized in that: include: Obtain basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission rights contract data; Determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the reported power generation capacity of conventional power sources exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap. If there is no power supply gap, a power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and power market purchase price as the optimization goal, while taking into account power balance constraints, network flow constraints of reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, and solves the problem to obtain the power market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source. If there is a power supply gap, load control will be implemented, with the load control amount being the power supply gap and the load control period being the period when the power supply gap exists; An electricity spot clearing model is constructed under the state of supply gap. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap, which is composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee and electricity market purchase fee, as the optimization goal. The model considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing capability constraint, and obtains the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

2. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The formula for calculating the equivalent electricity load demand is as follows: Where, P t E,PL is the equivalent electricity load in period t, NB and NN are the number of load nodes and the number of new energy power stations respectively. is the power load of load node b during period t, Generate power for the new energy power station during period n and t.

3. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The criterion for judging the power supply gap is that if formula (2) is satisfied, there is no power supply gap, otherwise there is a power supply gap; in, represents the maximum value of medium-use electricity load in all periods, NG is the number of conventional power units, The maximum power generation capacity reported for conventional power unit g.

4. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and electric energy market purchase price as the optimization goal, and simultaneously considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints. Before solving the electric energy market clearing results and the capacity compensation fees of each conventional power source, the model also includes: The capacity compensation fee is obtained, wherein the capacity compensation fee is as shown in the following formula: Where, F N,R It is the capacity compensation fee under normal conditions. is the state variable indicating whether the conventional power unit g obtains capacity compensation in normal state. Capacity compensation fee for conventional power generation units; The electricity purchase fee in the electric energy market is obtained, wherein the electricity purchase fee in the electric energy market is as shown in the following formula: Where, F N,G It is the electricity purchase fee in the energy market under normal conditions. Declare price function for conventional power unit g, is the power generation output of the conventional power unit in period g, t, NT and ΔT are the number of optimized periods and time intervals respectively; The sum of the capacity compensation fee and the electricity purchase fee in the energy market under normal conditions is used to obtain the comprehensive fee under normal conditions, as shown in the following formula: F N =F N,R +F N,G (5) Where, F N Represents comprehensive expenses under normal conditions; To construct the operating constraints under normal conditions, the constraints that need to be considered include: power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, as shown in the following formula: Where, are the upper and lower limits of the transmission capacity of the operating section s; G g,s , G n,s , G b,s They are the power flow transfer distribution factors of conventional power unit g, new energy power station n, and load node b to operating section s respectively; are the upper and lower limits of the power generation capacity of conventional power unit g respectively; They are the upper and lower limits of the climbing capability of conventional power supply units g respectively; is the transmission capacity reserved for section s, and: Where K is the transmission right PTR set, i k 、i j PTR k The sending node and receiving node, T k Fixed transfer amount for PTR.

5. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electric power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and electric power market purchase price as the optimization goal, and simultaneously considers power balance constraints, network flow constraints of reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints. The solution obtains the electric power market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source, including: Taking the minimization of comprehensive costs under normal conditions as the optimization goal, considering the power balance constraint, the network flow constraint of reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power ramping capability constraint, a power spot clearing model under normal conditions is constructed, as shown in the following formula: The branch and bound method is used or the Cplex commercial software is called to solve the electricity spot clearing model under the normal state, and the electric energy market clearing result and the capacity compensation fee of each conventional power source are obtained.

6. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: If there is a power supply gap, load control is implemented, the load control amount is the power supply gap, and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists, including: Use the following formula to control the load in any period and implement load control; Where, P t PLC Represents the load control amount in time period t.

7. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electricity spot clearing model constructed under the supply gap state takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the electricity supply gap state, which is composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, as the optimization goal. The model considers the power balance constraint after adding load control, the network flow constraint considering reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint, and the conventional power ramping capability constraint. Before solving the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fees and capacity assessment fees of each conventional power source, the model also includes: The capacity assessment fee is obtained; wherein, the capacity assessment fee is borne by conventional power units that do not reach the capacity of the capacity market bid, which can be expressed as: Where C UN,R It is the capacity assessment fee under the state of power supply gap. is the state variable of whether the conventional power unit g is subject to capacity assessment under the power supply gap state. When the conventional power unit g cannot output power due to no available transmission rights, it is set to be exempted from capacity assessment, that is, It is the capacity assessment fee of conventional power generation units; The comprehensive cost under the power supply gap state is formed by using the capacity assessment fee, capacity compensation fee, and electricity market purchase fee, as shown in the following formula: F UN =F N,R +F N,G -C UN,R (14) Where, F UN Represents the comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap; The following formula is used to increase the load control amount for the power balance constraint and the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission right; Where, is the power load of load node b during period t after load control is considered.

8. The method for clearing the day-ahead electricity spot market considering available transmission rights and capacity service response according to claim 1, characterized in that: The electricity spot clearing model under the supply gap state is constructed. The model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the electricity supply gap state composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee, and electricity market purchase fee as the optimization goal, considers the power balance constraint after adding load control amount, the network flow constraint considering reserved transmission right, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power ramping capability constraint, and solves to obtain the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee of each conventional power source and the capacity assessment fee, including: Taking into account the minimum comprehensive cost under the power supply gap state composed of capacity compensation fees, capacity assessment fees, and electricity market purchase fees, the optimization goal is to consider the power balance constraint after adding load control, the network flow constraint considering the reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power ramping capability constraint. The following formula is used to construct the power spot clearing model under the supply gap state; The branch and bound method or the Cplex commercial software is used to solve the electricity spot clearing model under the normal state, and the electricity energy market clearing results, capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source and capacity assessment fees are obtained.

9. The method according to claim 4, characterized in that The value of the state variable of whether the conventional power unit g obtains capacity compensation in normal state and supply gap state As shown in the following formula: Where, It is the winning bid capacity of conventional power units in the g capacity market.

10. A day-ahead electricity spot market clearing system considering available transmission rights and capacity service response, applied to the day-ahead electricity spot market clearing method considering available transmission rights and capacity service response as claimed in any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that: include: The acquisition module is used to obtain basic data, including electricity load demand, renewable energy power generation output forecast, conventional power supply data, and transmission rights contract data; The first processing module is used to determine the power supply gap and calculate the equivalent power load demand. If the power generation capacity reported by the conventional power source exceeds the maximum equivalent power load, there is no power supply gap; otherwise, there is a power supply gap. The second processing module is used to construct a power spot clearing model under normal conditions if there is no power supply gap. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost of capacity compensation and power market purchase price as the optimization goal, while considering power balance constraints, network flow constraints considering reserved transmission rights, conventional power generation output constraints, and conventional power ramping capability constraints, and solves to obtain the power market clearing results and capacity compensation fees for each conventional power source; A third processing module is configured to implement load control if there is a power supply gap, wherein the load control amount is the power supply gap and the load control period is the period when the power supply gap exists; The fourth processing module is used to construct an electricity spot clearing model under the state of supply gap. This model takes the lowest comprehensive cost under the state of electricity supply gap, which is composed of capacity compensation fee, capacity assessment fee and electricity market purchase fee, as the optimization goal. It considers the power balance constraint after increasing the load control amount, the network flow constraint of reserved transmission rights, the conventional power generation output constraint and the conventional power climbing capability constraint, and solves the electricity market clearing result, the capacity compensation fee and capacity assessment fee of each conventional power source.

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