Seedbed leveling and compacting integrated device of seeding machine

Abstract

The invention discloses a seedbed leveling and compacting integrated device of seeding machinery, and belongs to the technical field of soil treatment devices. A seedbed leveling and pressing integrated device of a seeding machine comprises a machine body and further comprises a roller rotationally connected to the advancing end of the machine body, and the roller is provided with a hollow cavity; the multiple groups of distributing rods are annularly and fixedly connected to the rolling wheel at equal intervals, each group of distributing rods is formed by arranging a plurality of independent distributing rods at equal intervals, each distributing rod is provided with a straight end and an inclined tail end, and the inclined tail ends of the installed distributing rods are the same in direction; through the arrangement of the roller, the distribution rods, the rotating plate and the hollow opening, in the rotating process of the roller, large soil blocks can be blocked between the distribution rods and enter the hollow cavity of the roller to be mutually collided and crushed, and compared with a traditional mode, the soil crushing efficiency and effect are greatly improved, the soil texture is more uniform, and good conditions are created for seed germination.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of soil processing devices, and in particular to a seedbed leveling and pressing integrated device for a sowing machine. Background Art

[0002] In the modern agricultural production system, the preliminary treatment of the seedbed plays a vital role in the growth and development of crops. The leveling and pressing of the seedbed, as a key link before sowing, directly affects the seed germination rate, root growth and the health of the plants in the later stage.

[0003] With the development of agricultural mechanization, some simple mechanical devices have gradually been applied to seedbed treatment. However, these existing mechanical devices generally have many limitations. When faced with the problem of soil caking, their processing capacity is seriously insufficient. Large soil caking often cannot be effectively broken, making it difficult for the soil texture to achieve a uniform and fine level. This is because the design principle of traditional machinery is relatively simple and lacks a targeted crushing structure for soil caking. For example, some devices rely solely on simple rolling or raking and are unable to deeply crush the compacted soil caking inside. In addition, these traditional devices lack flexibility and adaptability in structural design. They are difficult to effectively adjust and optimize according to different soil types (such as clay, sand, etc.) and terrain conditions (such as slope, undulation, etc.). When encountering complex terrain or special soil types, not only can the quality of seedbed treatment be unable to be guaranteed, but it may even cause mechanical failure, affecting the normal agricultural production process. Therefore, an integrated seedbed leveling and suppression device for a sowing machine is provided to solve the above-mentioned problems. Summary of the Invention

[0004] The purpose of the present invention is to solve the problems raised in the above background technology and to propose a seedbed leveling device for a sowing machine.

[0005] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A seedbed leveling and pressing integrated device for a sowing machine, comprising a machine body and: A roller is rotatably connected to the forward end of the body, and the roller is provided with a hollow chamber; Multiple groups of shift levers are fixedly connected to the roller in a ring-shaped and equidistant manner. Each group of shift levers is composed of multiple individual shift levers arranged at equal intervals. The shift levers have straight ends and inclined tail ends, and the inclined tail ends of the shift levers are oriented in the same direction after installation. Multiple groups of openings are provided on the roller, wherein the openings are located between two adjacent groups of shifting rods; Rotate the plate and connect it in the empty port; The inclined tail end is used to distribute the soil in the soil when the roller rotates, thereby blocking larger soil lumps between the distribution rods. As the roller rotates, these soil lumps will move along the straight end and then come into contact with the rotating plate. Then the rotating plate rotates, and then the soil lumps will enter the hollow cavity of the roller through the opening, and then continue to contact each other during the rotation process and then be crushed.

[0006] Preferably, a plurality of soil discharge holes are provided on the rotating plate.

[0007] Preferably, a fixed plate is rotatably connected inside the roller, an arc-shaped rod is fixedly connected to the fixed plate, a rotating shell is fixedly connected inside the roller, and the rotating shell is sleeved on the arc-shaped rod.

[0008] Preferably, a plurality of push rods are connected through the rotating shell, and the push rods are slidably connected to the rotating shell. One end of the push rod is against the arc surface of the arc rod. Through the rotation of the roller, the push rod can move up and down along the arc surface of the arc rod, thereby squeezing the agglomerated soil.

[0009] Preferably, a return spring is sleeved on the push rod.

[0010] Preferably, the top rod is connected to a connecting rod, and a pressing ring is fixedly connected to the connecting rod. The extrusion end of the pressing ring matches the surface of the rotating shell. The pressing ring continuously approaches the rotating shell, thereby pressing and crushing some soil lumps.

[0011] Preferably, the connecting rod is slidably connected to the top rod, and a raised mounting rod is fixedly connected to the rotating shell. The two ends of the connecting rod are respectively against the raised mounting rod. The up and down movement of the connecting rod causes the pressing ring to reciprocate horizontally, thereby assisting in pressing and crushing the soil.

[0012] Preferably, a torsion spring is fixedly connected to the rotating plate, and the other end of the torsion spring is fixedly connected to the roller.

[0013] Preferably, a motor for driving the roller to rotate is fixedly connected to the machine body, and the fixing plate is fixedly connected to the machine body.

[0014] A seedbed pressing device of a sowing machine is used to press the soil leveled by a seedbed leveling device. A pressing plate for leveling the soil is fixedly connected to the machine body.

[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention provides an integrated seedbed leveling and pressing device for a sowing machine, which has the following beneficial effects: The present invention, through the arrangement of rollers, dividing rods, rotating plates and openings, can intercept larger soil lumps between the dividing rods during the rotation of the rollers, and make them enter the hollow chamber of the rollers to collide and crush each other. Compared with traditional methods, the soil crushing efficiency and effect are greatly improved, the soil texture is made more uniform, and good conditions are created for seed germination. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0016] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 1 ; Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 2 ; Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 8 This invention proposes a seedbed leveling and pressing integrated device for a sowing machine Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the structure of part A; Figure 9 This is a schematic diagram of the cross-sectional structure of the roller in the integrated device for leveling and pressing the seedbed of a sowing machine proposed by the present invention. Figure 3 ; Figure 10 This invention proposes a seedbed leveling and pressing integrated device for a sowing machine Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the structure of part B.

[0017] In the figure: 1. body; 2. pressure plate; 3. roller; 301. opening; 302. rotating plate; 303. torsion spring; 4. fixed plate; 401. arc rod; 402. rotating shell; 403. push rod; 404. connecting rod; 405. pressing ring; 406. raised mounting rod; 5. dispatching rod. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0018] The technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, rather than all the embodiments.

[0019] Example: Refer to Figure 1-10, a seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine includes a body 1, and also includes: a roller 3, which is rotatably connected to the forward end of the body 1, and the roller 3 is provided with a hollow chamber; multiple groups of shifting rods 5, which are fixedly connected to the roller 3 in a ring shape at equal intervals, and each group of shifting rods 5 is composed of multiple separate shifting rods 5 arranged at equal intervals, and the shifting rods 5 have a straight end and an inclined tail end, and the inclined tail ends of the shifting rods 5 after installation are in the same direction; multiple groups of empty openings 301 are provided on the roller 3, and the empty openings 301 are located between two adjacent groups of shifting rods 5; a rotating plate 302, which is rotatably connected to the empty openings 301; the inclined tail end is used to move the soil in the soil when the roller 3 rotates. The soil lumps are distributed in a row, and then the larger soil lumps are blocked between the distributing rods 5. As the roller 3 rotates, these soil lumps will move along the straight end and then contact the rotating plate 302. Then the rotating plate 302 rotates, and then the soil lumps will enter the hollow chamber of the roller 3 through the opening 301, and then continuously contact each other during the rotation process and are then crushed. A plurality of soil discharge holes are provided on the rotating plate 302. A fixed plate 4 is rotatably connected to the roller 3, and an arc rod 401 is fixedly connected to the fixed plate 4. A rotating shell 402 is fixedly connected to the roller 3, and the rotating shell 402 is sleeved on the arc rod 401. A plurality of top rods are connected to the rotating shell 402. The top rod 403 is slidably connected to the rotating shell 402, and one end of the top rod 403 is against the arc surface of the arc rod 401. Through the rotation of the roller 3, the top rod 403 can be moved up and down along the arc surface of the arc rod 401, thereby squeezing the agglomerated soil. A return spring is sleeved on the top rod 403, and a connecting rod 404 is connected to the top rod 403. A pressing ring 405 is fixedly connected to the connecting rod 404. The extrusion end of the pressing ring 405 matches the surface of the rotating shell 402. The pressing ring 405 constantly approaches the rotating shell 402, thereby pressing and crushing some soil lumps. The connecting rod 404 is slidably connected to the top rod 403, and the rotating shell A raised mounting rod 406 is fixedly connected to 402, and both ends of the connecting rod 404 are respectively abutted against the raised mounting rod 406. The connecting rod 404 moves up and down, thereby causing the pressing ring 405 to move back and forth horizontally, thereby assisting in pressing and crushing the soil. A torsion spring 303 is fixedly connected to the rotating plate 302, and the other end of the torsion spring 303 is fixedly connected to the roller 3. A motor for driving the roller 3 to rotate is fixedly connected to the body 1, and the fixed plate 4 is fixedly connected to the body 1. A seedbed pressing device of a sowing machine is used to suppress the soil leveled by a seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine. A pressing plate 2 for flattening the soil is fixedly connected to the body 1.

[0020] Before performing the seedbed leveling operation, the operator first checks the overall condition of the seeding machine to ensure that all parts are firmly connected and that key components such as the motor and transmission device can operate normally. After confirming that everything is correct, the seeding machine is started, and the body 1 begins to move forward slowly. The roller 3 installed at the forward end of the body 1 starts to rotate under the drive of the motor through a transmission mechanism (such as a belt, chain or gear transmission, etc., which depends on the actual design and is not shown in the figure). The power of the motor is stably transmitted to the roller 3, causing it to start rotating at the set speed, laying the foundation for subsequent soil treatment work.

[0021] Initial Soil Distribution: After the roller 3 begins to rotate, the multiple groups of distributing rods 5 fixed to its surface participate in the rotational motion. The inclined tail ends of the distributing rods 5 first cut into the surface of the seedbed soil. Because the distributing rods 5 are arranged in a ring with equal intervals and their inclined tail ends are in the same direction, as the roller 3 rotates, they act like small shovels, orderly distributing the soil. As the roller 3 rotates, the distributing rods 5 continuously displace the soil in the soil. During this process, larger clumps in the soil cannot move smoothly in the direction of dispersal due to their own volume and weight, and are instead blocked between the distributing rods 5. For example, when encountering a large diameter soil clod, the inclined tail end of the distributing rod 5 will first contact one side of the soil clod. As the roller 3 rotates, a force is generated along the inclined direction of the distributing rods, attempting to push the soil clod. However, due to the large size of the soil clod and its certain adhesion to the surrounding soil, the soil clod is not easily pushed away and is instead retained in the area between the distributing rods 5, awaiting further processing.

[0022] Soil lumps enter the roller chamber: As the roller 3 rotates continuously and steadily, the soil lumps blocked between the dividing rods 5 move along the straight end direction of the dividing rod 5. When the soil lumps move to the position of the empty opening 301, they come into contact with the rotating plate 302. At this time, the soil lumps generate a lateral squeezing force on the rotating plate 302. Under the action of this squeezing force, the rotating plate 302 needs to overcome the elastic force of the torsion spring 303 in order to rotate. The design of the torsion spring 303 is to ensure that the rotating plate 302 can keep the empty opening 301 closed when there is no external force. The rotating plate 302 is in a state of preventing soil particles from entering the hollow chamber of the roller 3 at will. When the squeezing force of the soil agglomerates is large enough, the rotating plate 302 starts to rotate around the connecting axis with the roller 3, gradually opening the opening 301, and the soil agglomerates enter the hollow chamber of the roller 3 through the opened opening 301. During this process, the soil discharge holes provided on the rotating plate 302 play a role. Some fine soil particles are discharged through the soil discharge holes during the process of the soil agglomerates entering, thereby preventing too much fine soil from entering the roller chamber and affecting the subsequent processing operation of larger soil agglomerates.

[0023] It should be noted that the arrangement density of the dividing rods 5 in this solution is designed for the common size of soil clumps to be broken in agricultural production (diameter 3-8 cm). The multi-component dividing rods 5 are distributed in a ring shape with equal intervals on the periphery of the roller 3. The circumferential angle between two adjacent groups of dividing rods 5 is 15°-20°. The individual dividing rods 5 in each group of dividing rods 5 are arranged at equal intervals along the axial direction of the roller 3 and the spacing is 4-6 cm. This spacing is smaller than the minimum diameter of the target clumps to be processed, and can intercept clumps with a diameter greater than 3 cm and allow finely crushed soil with a diameter less than 3 cm to pass through. In extreme cases, the circumferential coverage of two adjacent groups of dividing rods 5 combined with the length of the dividing rods 5 can form a wrap-around interception for clumps with a diameter exceeding 8 cm.

[0024] The straight end of the dispatching rod 5 is 8-12 cm long, and the edge of the rotating plate 302 near the dispatching rod 5 is provided with a curved guide edge with a curvature radius of 5-8 cm. The elastic force of the torsion spring 303 of the rotating plate 302 is set to 5-8 N. When the soil clump is blocked between the dispatching rods 5, it will slide along the slightly inclined guide surface of the straight end and be guided by the curved guide edge at the position of the opening 301. When the weight of the clump is greater than 50 g, it can push the rotating plate 302 away and stably pass through the opening 301 into the hollow chamber of the roller 3.

[0025] Collision and crushing of soil lumps in the cavity: Soil lumps that enter the hollow cavity of the roller 3 contact and collide with each other in the cavity as the roller continues to rotate. The continuous rotation of the roller 3 puts the soil lumps in the cavity in a dynamic state of motion. They constantly change their positions and directions and collide with each other frequently. Due to the irregular shape of the soil lumps, the protruding and fragile parts of their surfaces will be impacted first during collisions and gradually broken into smaller particles. For example, some soil lumps with cracks on the surface or uneven texture will further expand the cracks after multiple collisions, eventually leading to the crushing of the soil lumps.

[0026] Push rod crushing: When the roller 3 rotates, the internal push rod 403 moves up and down along the curved surface of the arc rod 401. This is because the arc rod 401 is fixed on the fixed plate 4, and the fixed plate 4 is fixed relative to the body 1. When the roller 3 rotates, the rotating shell 402 moves with the push rod 403 around the arc rod 401. Due to the arc design of the arc rod 401, the push rod 403 will produce an axial displacement during the movement. When the push rod 403 moves closer to the center of the rotating shell 402, the push rod 403 will move along the axial direction. When the push rod 403 moves in the opposite direction, its end will squeeze the soil lumps in the chamber. The return spring sleeved on the push rod 403 is compressed when the push rod 403 moves outward under the action of the arc rod 401, storing elastic potential energy; and when the push rod 403 moves along the arc surface of the arc rod 401 to a position where it can be reset, the return spring releases the elastic potential energy, so that the push rod 403 is reset to allow the next squeezing action to be performed. This periodic squeezing action further breaks up the soil lumps and continuously reduces their size.

[0027] The pressing ring assists in crushing: the connecting rod 404 moves up and down with the push rod 403, driving the pressing ring 405 to move back and forth laterally. The extrusion end of the pressing ring 405 matches the surface of the rotating shell 402, and the soil lumps are pressed and crushed during the reciprocating movement. When the push rod 403 moves upward, the pressing ring 405 is driven to move in one direction through the connecting rod 404; when the push rod 403 moves downward, the pressing ring 405 moves in the opposite direction. In this process, the pressing ring 405 will contact and apply pressure to the soil lumps in the chamber. For some relatively small but still relatively compact soil lumps, the pressing action of the pressing ring 405 can effectively crush them further. Moreover, the setting of the raised mounting rod 406 limits the moving range of the connecting rod 404, ensuring that the pressing ring 405 moves back and forth within a certain trajectory, thereby improving the stability and effectiveness of pressing and crushing the soil lumps.

[0028] Discharge of crushed soil: As the roller 3 continues to rotate, the crushed soil particles are discharged from the roller chamber through the soil discharge holes on the rotating plate 302 and other gaps of the roller 3 under the action of gravity and rotational centrifugal force, and return to the surface of the seedbed. When the roller 3 rotates to a certain position, the soil particles in the chamber will be affected by the centrifugal force and move to the outside of the roller 3. The soil discharge holes on the rotating plate 302 and some tiny gaps that may exist on the wall of the roller 3 provide a discharge channel for these soil particles. The crushed soil returned to the surface of the seedbed further fills the soil gaps, making the seedbed soil more uniform and flat, completing the preliminary leveling of the soil.

[0029] After the seedbed has been processed by the leveling device, the machine body 1 continues to move along the set route and speed, and the pressing plate 2 installed on the machine body 1 moves accordingly. The shape and size of the pressing plate 2 are designed according to the actual seedbed width and the pressing requirements. It usually has a larger plane area to ensure that the seedbed soil can be evenly pressed. When the pressing plate 2 contacts the surface of the leveled seedbed soil, it presses the seedbed soil through its own gravity and the pressure of the mechanical advance. In this process, the pressing plate 2 further compacts the leveled soil to reduce the gaps between the soil particles. For example, there may be some relatively loose areas in the leveling process. Under the action of the pressing plate 2, the soil particles are squeezed more tightly to form a relatively compact soil layer, which helps to maintain moisture in the soil, reduce water evaporation and loss, and provide a stable soil environment for seed germination. At the same time, the compact soil layer can also prevent the seeds from falling over due to excessive looseness in the subsequent growth process. As the machine body 1 continues to move forward, the pressing plate 2 presses down various areas of the seedbed in turn until the leveling and pressing operation process of the entire seedbed is completed.

[0030] The present invention, through the arrangement of the roller 3, the dividing rod 5, the rotating plate 302 and the opening 301, can intercept larger soil lumps between the dividing rods 5 during the rotation of the roller 3, and make them enter the hollow chamber of the roller 3 to collide and crush each other. Compared with the traditional method, the soil crushing efficiency and effect are greatly improved, the soil texture is made more uniform, and good conditions are created for seed germination.

[0031] The above description is only a preferred specific embodiment of the present invention, but the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Any technician familiar with the technical field, within the technical scope disclosed by the present invention, who makes equivalent replacements or changes based on the technical solution and inventive concept of the present invention, should be covered by the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A seedbed leveling device for a sowing machine, comprising a body (1), characterized in that: Also includes: A roller (3) is rotatably connected to the forward end of the machine body (1), and the roller (3) is provided with a hollow chamber; Multiple groups of shifting rods (5) are fixedly connected to the roller (3) in a ring shape and at equal intervals. Each group of shifting rods (5) is composed of multiple individual shifting rods (5) arranged at equal intervals. The shifting rods (5) have straight ends and inclined tail ends, and the inclined tail ends of the shifting rods (5) are in the same direction after installation. Multiple groups of openings (301) are provided on the roller (3), wherein the openings (301) are located between two adjacent groups of shifting rods (5); A rotating plate (302) is rotatably connected in the opening (301); The inclined tail end is used to distribute the soil in the soil when the roller (3) rotates, thereby blocking larger soil lumps between the distribution rods (5). As the roller (3) rotates, these soil lumps will move along the straight end and contact the rotating plate (302). Then, the rotating plate (302) rotates, and then the soil lumps will enter the hollow chamber of the roller (3) through the opening (301), and then continuously contact each other during the rotation process and are then crushed.

2. A seedbed leveling device for a sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: The rotating plate (302) is provided with multiple groups of soil discharge holes.

3. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 1, characterized in that: A fixed plate (4) is rotatably connected inside the roller (3), an arc-shaped rod (401) is fixedly connected to the fixed plate (4), a rotating shell (402) is fixedly connected inside the roller (3), and the rotating shell (402) is sleeved on the arc-shaped rod (401).

4. A seedbed leveling device for a sowing machine according to claim 3, characterized in that: The rotating shell (402) is connected to a plurality of groups of push rods (403) through it. The push rods (403) are slidably connected to the rotating shell (402). One end of the push rod (403) abuts against the arc surface of the arc rod (401). By rotating the roller (3), the push rod (403) can move up and down along the arc surface of the arc rod (401), thereby squeezing the agglomerated soil.

5. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 4, characterized in that: A return spring is sleeved on the push rod (403).

6. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 5, characterized in that: The top rod (403) is connected to a connecting rod (404), and a pressing ring (405) is fixedly connected to the connecting rod (404). The extrusion end of the pressing ring (405) matches the surface of the rotating shell (402). The pressing ring (405) continuously approaches the rotating shell (402), thereby pressing and crushing some soil lumps.

7. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 6, characterized in that: The connecting rod (404) is slidably connected to the top rod (403), and a protruding mounting rod (406) is fixedly connected to the rotating shell (402). Both ends of the connecting rod (404) respectively abut against the protruding mounting rod (406). The upward and downward movement of the connecting rod (404) causes the pressing ring (405) to reciprocate horizontally, thereby assisting in pressing and crushing the soil.

8. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 7, characterized in that: A torsion spring (303) is fixedly connected to the rotating plate (302), and the other end of the torsion spring (303) is fixedly connected to the roller (3).

9. The seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 8, characterized in that: A motor for driving the roller (3) to rotate is fixedly connected to the machine body (1), and the fixing plate (4) is fixedly connected to the machine body (1).

10. A seedbed pressing device for a sowing machine, used for the soil leveled by the seedbed leveling device of a sowing machine according to claim 9, characterized in that: A pressing plate (2) for flattening the soil is fixedly connected to the machine body (1).

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