Collection and exhaust pneumatic seeding detection system and high-frequency seed flow accurate counting detection method
By using diverter pieces and ordered expansion spiral tubes in a concentrated and exhaust-conveyed seeder to process high-frequency seed flow, low-frequency orderly migration is formed and accurate counting is performed, which solves the problem of low detection accuracy caused by seed flow turbulence and realizes efficient and low-cost seed flow detection.
Patent Information
- Application Number
- CN202510611964.8
- Authority / Receiving Office
- CN · China
- Patent Type
- Applications(China)
- Current Assignee / Owner
- Filing Date
- 2025-05-13
- Publication Date
- 2025-09-30
AI Technical Summary
When the existing exhaust-collecting and conveying seeder is used for high-frequency sowing, the seed flow migration is disordered, resulting in low detection accuracy and poor stability, and the traditional detection method is costly.
A seeding detection device is used, including a diverter and an ordered expansion screw, to divide the high-frequency seed flow into four paths and form a low-frequency orderly movement through the ordered expansion screw, and a detection sensor is used for accurate counting.
It significantly improves the accuracy and real-time performance of high-frequency seed counting detection, reduces system costs, and does not affect seeding performance.
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Figure CN120712965A_ABST
Abstract
Description
Technical Field
[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural machinery, and specifically discloses a centralized air-conveying sowing detection system and a high-frequency seed flow precise counting and detection method. Background Art
[0002] A centralized air-conveyed seeder utilizes a fan-generated airflow to transport seeds through a seed delivery pipe to a distribution device, which then distributes the seeds to individual seed tubes for seeding. This type of seeder is widely used in high-frequency wheat sowing operations. However, during high-frequency wheat sowing operations, seed particles constantly collide with the pipe walls due to the airflow, resulting in turbulent seed flow and overlapping seeds. Traditional photoelectric sensors at the ends of the seed tubes present problems such as low detection accuracy and poor stability.
[0003] The invention application with application number 202410041811.X discloses a precision wheat sowing monitoring system for smart farms. The system includes a sowing device mounted on a seeder, comprising a seed bin and a sowing tube connecting the bin and furrow opener. A spiral groove seed meter is located inside the sowing tube near the seed bin, and a fiber optic sensor for monitoring the sowing quantity is located on the sowing tube near the outlet of the spiral groove seed meter. The sowing monitoring system disclosed in the patent is a fiber optic sensor installed on the sowing tube for counting and detecting the sowing quantity. However, when used on a concentrated and expelled air conveying seeder, the high frequency and disordered movement of the seed flow can lead to poor detection accuracy.
[0004] For example, the invention patent with application number 201910966925.4 discloses a small-size seed particle flow counting sensor device suitable for high-frequency seeding, including an inner shell, a multi-way diverter, a seed collecting tube, an encapsulating shell, a laser detection and counting component, multiple upper seed guide tubes, and multiple lower seed guide tubes. When detecting the high-frequency small-size seed flow, this patent uses a multi-way diverter to divide the seed flow into multiple branches of low-frequency seed flow, and then uses a laser detection counter to count and detect the low-frequency seed flow of each branch. Compared with directly counting and detecting the high-frequency seed flow, its detection accuracy will be improved to a certain extent. However, the multi-way diverter can only convert the high-frequency seed flow into a low-frequency seed flow, and the seed flow sent out by the exhaust-collecting and delivery type seeder is not only high-frequency, but more importantly, the migration of the seed flow is disordered and disordered. Even after the seed flow becomes low-frequency, the detection accuracy will still be low due to its disordered migration. In addition, the overall structure of the multi-channel diverter in this patent is similar to that of the existing seed separation device. Only when the seed flow is evenly introduced along the central axis of the seed inlet tube can the seed flow be evenly divided. However, it is precisely because the seed flow sent out by the exhaust-gas seeder is in a disordered state and the uniformity of the seed flow of each branch after diversion cannot be effectively guaranteed. Therefore, a counting sensor needs to be set in each branch for online detection, resulting in a large number of sensors in the entire detection system, which further causes the cost of the entire detection system to be too high.
[0005] Therefore, in response to the shortcomings of existing air-collecting and air-conveying seeding detection technology, this application proposes a air-collecting and air-conveying seeding detection system and a high-frequency seed flow precision counting and detection method for accurately monitoring high-frequency and high-speed seed flows and expanding particle spacing. Summary of the Invention
[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide a centralized air-conveying type seeding detection system and a high-frequency seed flow accurate counting detection method thereof, so as to solve the technical problems and shortcomings existing in the existing detection of the seeding amount of the centralized air-conveying type seeding device.
[0007] The present invention is achieved through the following technical solutions: A centralized air-conveying seeding detection system includes a centralized air-conveying seeding device, wherein each seed guide tube end of the centralized air-conveying seeding device is connected to a seeding detection device for converting a single-line high-frequency disordered seed flow into a multi-channel low-frequency orderly seed flow; The seeding detection device includes a packaging shell, the upper end of the packaging shell is connected to a diversion reconstruction device, the lower end of the packaging shell is provided with a seeding port, the diversion reconstruction device includes a diversion member and an ordered expansion spiral tube, the ordered expansion spiral tube is connected to the lower end of the diversion member, and a detection sensor is provided at the bottom of the ordered expansion spiral tube, and the detection sensor is electrically connected to the processing system; The diverter comprises a diverter pipe consisting of a connecting pipe section, a diffuser diverter section, and a seeding section. A diverter bar is centrally arranged inside the diffuser diverter section near the connecting pipe section. The seeding section is divided into four diverter channels by a plurality of partition plates equidistantly arranged along the width direction. The upper end of the ordered expansion spiral tube is connected to one of the diverter channels. The connecting pipe section is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed guide pipe, the diffusion and diversion section is a gradually widening and flat trapezoidal shape, and the seed outlet section is a rectangular shape connected to the lower end of the diffusion and diversion section.
[0008] As a specific setting of the above scheme, an upper cover plate is provided in the upper opening of the packaging shell, the diverter is obliquely passed through the upper cover plate and fixed, a packaging base is provided at the lower end of the packaging shell, and a seed tube connected to the seed port is provided on the packaging base.
[0009] As a specific setting of the above solution, the cross-section of the diverter baffle is any one of circular, elliptical, teardrop-shaped or isosceles triangle, and the diverter baffle is concentrically arranged with the connecting pipe section along the perpendicular median line in the width direction of the diffusion and diverter section.
[0010] As a specific configuration of the above solution, the ordered expanded pitch solenoid is a helical configuration with a fixed pitch.
[0011] As a specific configuration of the above solution, the ordered expanded pitch solenoid is arranged in a spiral shape with a variable pitch, and the pitch of the ordered expanded pitch solenoid gradually decreases from top to bottom.
[0012] As a specific setting of the above solution, the detection sensor is a window-type optical fiber sensor.
[0013] As a specific setting of the above scheme, the centralized air-conveying seeder includes a frame, a seed box, a seed supply device, a fan, a seed delivery pipe, a seed separation device and a seed guide pipe. The seed box is installed at the upper end of the frame, the seed supply device is connected to the lower end of the seed box, the fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device, the two ends of the seed delivery pipe are respectively connected to the seed supply device and the seed separation device, and the two ends of the seed guide pipe are respectively connected to the seed separation device and the seed detection device.
[0014] The present invention also discloses a high-frequency seed flow precision counting and detection method based on the above-mentioned centralized and exhaust-air conveying seeding detection system, which comprises the following steps: (1) The seeds are evenly introduced into each seed guide tube by a concentrated air-transport seeder; (2) The high-frequency seed flow is then introduced into the seeding detection device by the seed guide tube. The high-frequency seed flow is first divided into four equal paths by the diverter, and one of the seed flows enters the ordered expansion spiral tube, which then processes the seed flow to form a low-frequency orderly migration seed flow; (3) The low-frequency orderly moving seed flow is counted by the detection sensor before being discharged from the bottom of the ordered expansion spiral tube, and the data is transmitted to the processing system; (4) The processing system processes the seed flow data detected in the ordered expansion spiral tube, and finally multiplies the seed flow data by four to obtain the counting detection data that can represent the number of high-frequency seed flows entering the seed guide tube.
[0015] Compared with the prior art, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The air-pumping sowing detection system disclosed in the present invention adopts a seeding detection device with a special structure to process the high-frequency disorderly migrating seed flow. First, the original single-row high-frequency seed flow is evenly divided into four seed flows through the diversion piece in the seeding detection device, and then one of the seed flows is introduced into the ordered expansion spiral tube. Then, under the synergistic effect of air force and the ordered expansion spiral tube, the seed particles are made to move in a circular motion along the tube wall and the adjacent spacing is gradually expanded to form an orderly migrating low-frequency seed flow. Finally, the low-frequency seed flow will pass through the detection area of the detection sensor in an orderly manner, and will be accurately counted by the detection sensor. The number of seed flows detected in one path can be used to represent the overall number of the entire single-row high-frequency seed flow. Compared with the existing counting detection device and method, it can significantly improve the accuracy and real-time performance of high-frequency seed counting detection and also reduce the cost of the entire system.
[0016] The diverter and ordered expansion solenoid in the seeding detection device disclosed in this invention do not alter the sowing process, require no modification of key operating components, or affect the sowing performance of the integrated and exhaust-conveying seeder. This provides technical support for real-time detection of high-frequency seed flow and improved sowing quality. Furthermore, the diverter and reconstruction seeding detection device boasts a compact design, low cost, high degree of integration, and easy installation, making it compatible with a variety of seeder types. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS
[0017] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without creative work.
[0018] Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the entire system of the present invention; Figure 2 Schematic diagram of the external three-dimensional structure of the seeding detection device of the present invention; Figure 3 Schematic diagram of the internal three-dimensional structure of the seeding detection device of the present invention; Figure 4This is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper cover plate, the diverter, and the ordered extended-distance spiral tube in the first angle of view of the present invention; Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the third-dimensional structure of the upper cover plate, the diverter, and the ordered extended-distance spiral tube in the present invention from a second angle; Figure 6 It is a schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of the upper cover plate and the diverter in the present invention; Figure 7 For the present invention Figure 1 Schematic diagram of the enlarged structure at point A in the middle. DETAILED DESCRIPTION
[0019] In order to enable those skilled in the art to better understand the present invention, the following will clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention in conjunction with the drawings in the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments in the present invention, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making creative efforts should fall within the scope of protection of this application.
[0020] It should be noted that, in the absence of conflict, the embodiments and features in the embodiments of this application can be combined with each other. Figures 1 to 7 , and describes the application in detail with reference to embodiments. Example 1
[0021] Example 1 discloses a centralized air-transportation type seeding detection system. Figure 1 , including a frame 1 for wheat sowing, a seed box 2, a seed supply device 3, a fan (not shown in the figure), a seed delivery tube 4, a seed separation device 5, a seed guide tube 6 and a seed discharge detection device 8. The seed box 2 is installed at the upper end of the frame 1, the seed supply device 3 is connected to the lower end of the seed box 2, the fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device 3 through an air supply pipe, and the two ends of the seed delivery tube 4 are respectively connected to the seed supply device 3 and the seed separation device 5. One end of a plurality of seed guide tubes 6 is evenly connected to the outer circumferential surface of the upper end of the seed separation device 5, and the other end is connected to a plurality of seed discharge detection devices 8 one by one, and the plurality of seed discharge detection devices 8 are connected in a row to the horizontal frame 7 on the lower side of the front end of the frame 1. In the specific design, there are fourteen seed guide tubes 6 and seed discharge detection devices 8 in this embodiment 1, and they are connected and arranged one by one.
[0022] Reference Attachment Figures 2 to 6The seeding detection device 8 includes a housing 801, an upper cover 802 mounted on the upper opening of the housing 801, and a housing base 808 disposed at the lower end of the housing 801. The housing base 808 has a seeding port, and a seeding tube 809 disposed at the port. The seeding tube 809 collects the seed flow from one detected path and the seed flow from other paths, which are then discharged together by the seeding tube 809 to complete the sowing process.
[0023] A diverter 803 is provided in the upper cover 802, extending obliquely into the interior of the packaging shell 801. The diverter 803 consists of a pipe section 8031, a diffuser diverter section 8032, and a seeding section 8033. A diverter bar 804 is centrally located within the diffuser diverter section 8032, near the pipe section 8031. Three partition plates 805 are then evenly spaced across the width of the seeding section 8033, dividing the seeding section 8033 into four diverter channels along its width. An ordered expansion coil 806 is connected to the bottom of one of the diverter channels, and a detection sensor 807 is mounted at the bottom of the ordered expansion coil 806 to count and detect the diverted seed flow.
[0024] In the specific design, the detection sensor 807 is preferably a window-type fiber optic sensor, which is installed inside the packaging housing 801, within 0.5 mm of the bottom of the ordered expanding screw 806. The window-type fiber optic sensor is used to accurately record the number of seeds passing through the ordered expanding screw 806. The collected signal is then fed back to the processing system via a data line. The processing system then performs corresponding processing to promptly feedback the detected seed flow number.
[0025] In the specific design, the connecting pipe section 8031 in this embodiment 1 is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed guide tube 6. The diffuser and diverter section 8032 is configured as a gradually widening, flat trapezoidal shape. The seed outlet section 8033 is configured as a rectangle integrally connected to the end of the diffuser and diverter section 8032. The diverter bar 804 is specifically designed to have a cross-section in any of a variety of shapes, such as a circle, an ellipse, a teardrop, or an isosceles triangle. The diverter bar 804 is concentrically arranged with the connecting pipe section 8031 along the perpendicular midline of the width of the diffuser and diverter section 8032. Through the special design of the diverter element described above, the single high-frequency seed flow entering from the connecting pipe section 8031, upon entering the diffuser diverter section 8032, is limited and guided by the inner wall of the diffuser diverter section 8032, the diverter baffle 804, and the collisions between the seed particles. This results in the original single high-frequency, disorderly seed flow being divided into four uniform seed flows along the width of the diffuser diverter section 8032. One of the seed flows enters the ordered, expanding spiral tube 806. Thereafter, under the combined action of the airflow and the ordered, expanding spiral tube 806, the seed particles in this seed flow move in a circular motion along the tube wall, gradually increasing the spacing between adjacent particles to form an orderly, low-frequency seed flow, which is then counted and detected by the detection sensor 807.
[0026] In addition, the ordered expanding spiral 806 in this embodiment 1 can be configured as a fixed-pitch spiral or a variable-pitch spiral. When the ordered expanding spiral 806 is a fixed-pitch spiral, its helical rise angle is set between 23.3° and 49.7°, and the specific helical rise angle is determined by the friction coefficient of the inner wall of the ordered expanding spiral 806. When the ordered expanding spiral 806 is a variable-pitch spiral, its pitch is gradually reduced from top to bottom, so that seed particles can move along the inner wall of the ordered expanding spiral 806 after entering it, thereby increasing the distance between adjacent seeds in the seed flow.
[0027] During the operation of the centralized air-conveying sowing detection system disclosed in this embodiment 1, the seed supply device 3 discharges the seeds in the seed box 2 in a quantitative manner, and then enters the seed separation device 5 along the seed delivery tube 4 under the action of the high-speed airflow generated by the fan, and after being evenly separated inside the seed separation device 5, enters the seed guide tube 6, and then the evenly distributed seed flow enters the seed discharge detection device 8.
[0028] When the seed flow collected and fed by the seed guide tube 6 enters the diverter 803, it is affected by the diverter bar 804 and the inner wall of the diverter 803, which causes the original single-line high-frequency seed flow to be divided into four uniform seed flows along the width direction of the diffusion diverter section 8032. One of the seeds enters the ordered expansion spiral tube 806, and the number of seeds entering the ordered expansion spiral tube 806 is approximately 1 / 4 of the single-line high-frequency seed flow. The diverted 1 / 4 seed flow will enter the ordered expansion spiral tube 806. During the process of moving along the inner wall of the ordered expansion spiral tube 806, the spacing of the seed flow will be gradually widened, and orderly migration will be achieved. After the expansion and orderly migration are adjusted, the seeds are then counted one by one by the detection sensor 807, effectively avoiding the occurrence of missed detection and false detection due to the seed flow being too small or the migration being disordered. In this embodiment 1, the total number of seed flows delivered to each seed guide tube 6 is accurately measured by counting the number of seed flows in the ordered expanding spiral tube 806 and then multiplying the count result by 4. Finally, the seed flows discharged from the lower end of the ordered expanding spiral tube 806 and directly discharged from other diversion channels on the diverter 803 are reassembled and finally discharged from the seed discharging tube 809 for sowing.
[0029] In addition, in order to verify the detection effect of the seeding detection device in Example 1 when used for high-frequency seed flow detection of a concentrated and expelled air-conveyed seeder, the following relevant experimental verifications were carried out.
[0030] Experiment 1: In order to prove that the present embodiment 1 still has high feasibility under different wind speed conditions and different average seeding speeds, the following feasibility experiment was conducted, and the measured characterization accuracy data are shown in Tables 1 and 2 below.
[0031] The number of wheat seed particles passing through the seeding detection device is the wheat seeding number S in the row, while the window-type optical fiber sensor detects the number of seed particles s (where S≈4s) passing through the ordered expanded-length spiral tube. The characterization accuracy calculation formula is: ; In the table, the system calculates the number of seed particles k detected by the ordered expansion screw outlet through the single-chip computer to obtain the total number of seed particles detected in a single row K (K=4k). The detection accuracy calculation formula is: .
[0032] Table 1: Characterization accuracy of different seeding speeds in Example 1 at a wind speed of 18 m / s
[0033] Table 2: Characterization accuracy of different seeding speeds in Example 1 at a wind speed of 24 m / s
[0034] Test 2: To simulate the reliability of the device when the machine is in a non-horizontal state in a field sowing operation environment, the adaptability tests shown in Tables 3 and 4 below were conducted.
[0035] Table 3: Characterization accuracy of different device inclination states at a seeding speed of 30 r / min in Example 1
[0036] Table 4: Characterization accuracy of different device inclination states at a seeding speed of 60 r / min in Example 1
[0037] Experiment 3: This embodiment 1 was compared with the control group in which the window-type optical fiber sensor was directly installed at the lower end of the seed guide tube for seeding detection. During the experiment, the seeding time and wind speed were controlled to be the same, and the seeding frequency was the only variable. The experimental data are shown in Tables 5 and 6 below.
[0038] Table 5: Detection accuracy of the control group at different seeding frequencies
[0039] Table 6: Detection accuracy of Example 1 at different seeding frequencies
[0040] Test 4: To verify that Example 1 still has a good detection effect under a high-speed seeding operation environment, a detection accuracy test as shown in Table 7 below was conducted.
[0041] Table 7: Detection accuracy of Example 1 at different seeding frequencies
[0042] The data from the above-mentioned experiment 1 fully proves that this embodiment 1 has high feasibility in characterizing the seeding detection effect of the machine; the data from the experiment 2 fully proves that this embodiment 1 still has good reliability when simulating the field sowing operation environment; the data from the experiment 3 fully proves that this embodiment 1 has a higher detection accuracy rate compared with the traditional optical fiber seeding detection scheme; the data from the experiment 4 fully proves that when this embodiment 1 is used for high-frequency seed flow seeding detection, its detection accuracy is above 80%, verifying that this embodiment 1 can be used for high-frequency seed flow seeding detection.
[0043] The above are only preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included in the scope of protection of the present invention.
Claims
1. A centralized and exhaust-air conveying type seeding detection system, comprising a centralized and exhaust-air conveying type seeding device, characterized in that: Each seed guide tube end of the said concentrated air conveying seeder is connected to a seeding detection device that converts a single-line high-frequency disordered seed flow into a multi-channel low-frequency orderly seed flow; The seeding detection device includes a packaging shell, the upper end of the packaging shell is connected to a diversion reconstruction device, the lower end of the packaging shell is provided with a seeding port, the diversion reconstruction device includes a diversion member and an ordered expansion spiral tube, the ordered expansion spiral tube is connected to the lower end of the diversion member, and a detection sensor is provided at the bottom of the ordered expansion spiral tube, and the detection sensor is electrically connected to the processing system; The diverter comprises a diverter pipe consisting of a connecting pipe section, a diffuser diverter section, and a seeding section. A diverter bar is centrally arranged inside the diffuser diverter section near the connecting pipe section. The seeding section is divided into four diverter channels by a plurality of partition plates equidistantly arranged along the width direction. The upper end of the ordered expansion spiral tube is connected to one of the diverter channels. The connecting pipe section is cylindrical and connected to the end of the seed guide pipe, the diffusion and diversion section is a gradually widening and flat trapezoidal shape, and the seed outlet section is a rectangular shape connected to the lower end of the diffusion and diversion section.
2. The centralized and exhaust-type sowing detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: An upper cover is provided in the upper opening of the packaging shell, the diverter is obliquely passed through the upper cover and fixedly provided, a packaging base is provided at the lower end of the packaging shell, and a seeding tube connected to the seeding port is provided on the packaging base.
3. The centralized and exhaust-type sowing detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The cross section of the diverter baffle is any one of a circle, an ellipse, a teardrop or an isosceles triangle, and the diverter baffle is concentrically arranged with the connecting pipe section along the perpendicular midline in the width direction of the diffusion and diverter section.
4. The centralized and exhaust-conveying seeding detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The ordered expanded pitch solenoid is arranged in a spiral shape with a fixed pitch.
5. The centralized and exhaust-conveying seeding detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The ordered expanded pitch solenoid is arranged in a spiral shape with a variable pitch, and the pitch of the ordered expanded pitch solenoid gradually decreases from top to bottom.
6. The centralized and exhaust-conveying seeding detection system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The detection sensor is a window-type optical fiber sensor.
7. The centralized and exhaust-conveying seeding detection system according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The concentrated air-conveying seeder includes a frame, a seed box, a seed supply device, a fan, a seed delivery tube, a seed separation device and a seed guide tube. The seed box is installed at the upper end of the frame, the seed supply device is connected to the lower end of the seed box, the fan is connected to one end of the seed supply device, the two ends of the seed delivery tube are respectively connected to the seed supply device and the seed separation device, and the two ends of the seed guide tube are respectively connected to the seed separation device and the seed detection device.
8. A high-frequency seed flow precision counting and detection method based on the centralized and exhaust-conveying seeding detection system according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: It includes the following steps: (1) The seeds are evenly introduced into each seed guide tube by a concentrated air-transport seeder; (2) The high-frequency seed flow is then introduced into the seeding detection device by the seed guide tube. The high-frequency seed flow is first divided into four equal paths by the diverter, and one of the seed flows enters the ordered expansion spiral tube, which then processes the seed flow to form a low-frequency orderly migration seed flow; (3) The low-frequency orderly moving seed flow is counted by the detection sensor before being discharged from the bottom of the ordered expansion spiral tube, and the data is transmitted to the processing system; (4) The processing system processes the seed flow data detected in the ordered expansion spiral tube, and finally multiplies the seed flow data by four to obtain the counting detection data that can represent the number of high-frequency seed flows entering the seed guide tube.