Femtosecond laser lithotripsy equipment based on dual-wavelength feedback

Abstract

The invention discloses femtosecond laser lithotripsy equipment based on dual-wavelength feedback, and relates to the technical field of medical instruments and equipment. The dual-wavelength laser module is used for coupling detection laser and treatment laser to the same optical fiber by utilizing a wavelength beam splitter and respectively carrying out stone identification and stone crushing; the spectrum feedback control module is used for matching corresponding treatment energy by using a target identification result of a reflection / scattering spectrum of the detection laser and outputting a signal to control the emission of the treatment laser; and the man-machine interaction module is used for displaying various data in a running process in real time by utilizing an interaction screen. Through the dual-wavelength laser feedback technology, accurate recognition of calculus and tissue, dynamic adjustment of real-time treatment parameters and a self-adaptive safety protection mechanism are achieved, the treatment efficiency and precision are remarkably improved, the accidental injury risk is reduced, the safety of a patient is guaranteed, and the treatment effect is effectively improved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of medical instruments and equipment, and in particular to a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback. Background Art

[0002] The current mainstream clinical laser lithotripsy devices (such as holmium laser and single-wavelength femtosecond laser) face two core technical bottlenecks in the treatment of urinary stones:

[0003] Lack of accurate tissue identification capabilities: Existing laser lithotripsy devices generally rely on the doctor's experience to determine the boundary between stones and normal tissue, lacking real-time, accurate intraoperative identification methods. Studies have shown that traditional holmium laser lithotripsy is prone to accidental damage to the ureteral mucosa and renal pelvic epithelium. Some patients will experience complications such as bleeding, perforation, and scar stenosis after surgery. The root cause is that single-wavelength lasers only have therapeutic functions and cannot actively distinguish between the optical properties of stones and tissues: Traditional single-wavelength lasers, such as holmium lasers, rely solely on thermal effects to break up stones and cannot distinguish between stones and surrounding tissues, resulting in accidental tissue damage. Existing spectral detection technology is mostly used for preoperative stone composition analysis and cannot provide real-time dynamic feedback on changes in tissue properties during surgery. Its detection response time often exceeds 200ms, making it difficult to meet the real-time control requirements of laser lithotripsy.

[0004] Limitations of thermal damage control technology: The energy action mechanism of traditional laser technology has inherent defects: Holmium laser relies on thermal effects to break up stones, but its energy is too large, which can easily cause the temperature of tissues around the target area to rise. Especially near the ureter, the temperature can rise by 15-20°C, which can easily cause complications such as thermal damage stenosis. Although single-wavelength femtosecond lasers have cold processing characteristics, they lack a dynamic adjustment mechanism for the thermal tolerance limit of tissues. When stones are close to blood vessels or mucosa, irreversible thermal damage may still occur due to the accumulation of energy. Clinical cases show that the incidence of tissue thermal damage is about 10% within a range of 0.5mm.

[0005] Although some patented technologies have attempted to use multispectral imaging to assist in locating stones, the detection and treatment modules of these technologies operate independently, resulting in the following problems:

[0006] Optical path coaxiality error: In existing equipment, the optical path coaxiality error may be as high as 50μm, resulting in precision errors between the treatment laser and the detection laser.

[0007] Signal processing delay: The existing spectral detection signal processing delay exceeds 50ms, which cannot meet the real-time feedback requirements of femtosecond laser lithotripsy.

[0008] Therefore, existing technologies fail to effectively solve the problem of synergizing real-time treatment with precise target identification. In this context, an innovative dual-function laser system is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0009] Based on the above-mentioned shortcomings of the prior art, the purpose of the present invention is to provide a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback to solve the above-mentioned technical problems.

[0010] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback, comprising:

[0011] Dual-wavelength laser module: uses a wavelength beam splitter to couple detection laser and treatment laser to the same optical fiber, performing stone identification and stone fragmentation respectively;

[0012] Spectral feedback control module: uses the target recognition results of the reflected / scattered spectrum of the detected laser to match the corresponding treatment energy and output signals to control the treatment laser emission;

[0013] Human-computer interaction module: Use the interactive screen to display various data during the operation in real time.

[0014] The present invention is further configured such that the dual-wavelength laser module comprises: a laser detection unit and a laser treatment unit;

[0015] The laser detection unit includes: a detection laser emission component, a spectrum collection component and an identification component.

[0016] The present invention is further configured such that the detection laser emission component comprises:

[0017] A single optical fiber uses a wavelength beam splitter to simultaneously couple both the detection laser and the treatment laser;

[0018] An integrated nanosecond pulsed laser is used to emit a fixed wavelength detection laser of 532 nm;

[0019] The pulse width of the detection laser is preset to be 10 to 50 ns, and the single pulse energy is 0.1 to 0.5 mJ.

[0020] The present invention is further configured such that the spectrum acquisition component comprises:

[0021] A micro-spectrometer with a response wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm is integrated next to the signal acquisition probe;

[0022] The micro-spectrometer receives the reflected / scattered spectral signals of the detection laser in real time and constructs a spectral signal sequence.

[0023] The present invention is further configured such that the identification component comprises:

[0024] A stone-tissue spectral feature data set is preset, and the stone-tissue spectral feature data set includes: stone or tissue type, characteristic spectrum peak value corresponding to the type, and standard reflection spectrum corresponding to the type.

[0025] The present invention is further configured to calculate the second-order derivative of the current collected spectrum signal and the standard reflection spectrum at each characteristic spectrum peak, and take the absolute difference as the difference vector;

[0026] Count the difference vectors of all characteristic spectrum peaks of the current stone / tissue type and construct the characteristic spectrum similarity index;

[0027] Based on the stone-tissue spectral feature dataset, the characteristic spectrum similarity index of all stone or tissue types was compared and calculated;

[0028] The stone or tissue type with the smallest characteristic spectrum similarity index is selected and set as the target recognition result.

[0029] The present invention is further configured such that the laser treatment unit comprises: a laser emission component and a safety protection component;

[0030] The laser emission components include:

[0031] The integrated femtosecond laser emits a fixed wavelength of 1030 nm for therapeutic laser treatment.

[0032] The preset pulse width of the therapeutic laser is 190 to 1000 fs, and the single pulse energy is 50 μJ to 2 mJ;

[0033] The integrated femtosecond laser is used to emit therapeutic laser according to the treatment parameters output by the spectral feedback control module to break up the stones.

[0034] The present invention is further configured such that the security protection component includes:

[0035] Monitor the target recognition results in real time. When the target recognition results are detected as tissue categories three times in a row, the system enters a short-term lock state and generates an alarm message.

[0036] The present invention is further configured such that the spectral feedback control module includes:

[0037] Preset treatment parameter sets for each stone / tissue type;

[0038] The treatment parameter set includes: stone / tissue type, pulse width, single pulse energy, repetition rate, focal radius, and interval time;

[0039] Based on the target recognition results of the laser detection unit, the treatment plan for the corresponding stone / tissue type is matched and the treatment parameters are transmitted to the laser treatment unit.

[0040] The present invention is further configured such that the displayed data includes: a curve composed of a spectral signal sequence, target recognition results, and treatment parameters.

[0041] The present invention provides a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback. The system comprises a dual-wavelength laser module: a wavelength beam splitter is used to couple detection laser and treatment laser to the same optical fiber to respectively perform stone identification and stone crushing; a spectral feedback control module: ...

[0042] Precise stone and tissue identification: By combining a 532nm laser for stone identification with a 1030nm laser for treatment, the system accurately distinguishes stones from surrounding normal tissue during real-time operation, avoiding accidental injury to vital tissues such as the ureteral mucosa and renal pelvic epithelium. Compared with existing technologies, this system offers greater precision, significantly reduces the risk of accidental injury, and effectively minimizes postoperative complications such as bleeding, perforation, and scarring.

[0043] Real-time feedback and dynamic treatment parameter adjustment: The introduction of a spectral feedback control module allows for dynamic adjustment of treatment parameters such as treatment energy, single-point repetition rate, and focal radius during laser treatment based on real-time target recognition. This mechanism allows the therapeutic laser energy to be precisely matched to the type and properties of the stone, avoiding excessive thermal damage to surrounding tissues, particularly when the stone is near blood vessels or mucosa, which can cause irreversible damage. This dynamic adjustment capability effectively ensures safety and effectiveness during the procedure.

[0044] Enhanced safety and adaptability: A safety protection mechanism monitors target recognition results in real time and automatically enters protection mode when a tissue type is identified, ensuring the system effectively identifies and protects surrounding normal tissue during treatment. This protection mechanism further enhances treatment safety and avoids the risks of misuse or inappropriate treatment.

[0045] The above description is only an overview of the technical solution of the present application. In order to more clearly understand the technical means of the present application, it can be implemented in accordance with the contents of the specification. In order to make the above and other purposes, features and advantages of the present application more obvious and easy to understand, the specific implementation methods of the present application are listed below. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0046] In order to more clearly illustrate the technical solutions in the embodiments of the present invention, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for describing the embodiments. Obviously, the drawings described below are only some embodiments of the present invention. For those skilled in the art, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without inventive efforts. In the drawings:

[0047] Figure 1 The figure is a schematic structural diagram of a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to an exemplary embodiment of the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0048] The following describes the embodiments of the present invention with reference to the accompanying drawings and preferred embodiments. Those skilled in the art will readily appreciate the other advantages and benefits of the present invention from the disclosure herein. The present invention may also be implemented or applied through various other specific embodiments, and the various details in this specification may be modified or altered based on different viewpoints and applications without departing from the spirit of the present invention. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments are intended only to illustrate the present invention and are not intended to limit the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0049] It should be noted that the illustrations provided in the following embodiments are merely schematic illustrations of the basic concept of the present invention. Therefore, the illustrations only show components related to the present invention and are not drawn according to the number, shape, and size of components in actual implementation. In actual implementation, the type, quantity, and proportion of each component may be changed arbitrarily, and the component layout may also be more complex.

[0050] In the following description, numerous details are discussed to provide a more thorough explanation of the embodiments of the present invention. However, it will be apparent to those skilled in the art that the embodiments of the present invention may be practiced without these specific details. In other embodiments, well-known structures and devices are shown in block diagram form rather than in detail to avoid obscuring the embodiments of the present invention.

[0051] Example:

[0052] A femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback, such as Figure 1 As shown, including:

[0053] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: a femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback, comprising:

[0054] Dual-wavelength laser module: uses a wavelength beam splitter to couple detection laser and treatment laser to the same optical fiber, performing stone identification and stone fragmentation respectively;

[0055] Spectral feedback control module: uses the target recognition results of the reflected / scattered spectrum of the detected laser to match the corresponding treatment energy and output signals to control the treatment laser emission;

[0056] Human-computer interaction module: Use the interactive screen to display various data during the operation in real time.

[0057] The present invention is further configured such that the dual-wavelength laser module comprises: a laser detection unit and a laser treatment unit;

[0058] The laser detection unit includes: a detection laser emission component, a spectrum acquisition component, and an identification component. Specifically, the laser detection unit is used for real-time identification of stones and tissues. In the detection laser unit: the detection laser emission component uses an integrated nanosecond pulse laser to emit a detection laser with a wavelength of 532nm. The laser has a pulse width of 20ns and a single pulse energy of 0.3mJ. It is output through an optical fiber interface. The detection laser and the treatment laser are coupled to the same output optical fiber through a wavelength beam splitter to achieve coaxial transmission of detection and treatment, avoiding optical path deviation; the spectrum acquisition component integrates a miniature spectrometer probe on the outer shell of the working area at the end of the optical fiber. The probe has a response wavelength range of 400 to 1000nm and is used to collect the detection laser spectrum reflected or scattered by the stone surface. The acquisition frequency is ≥1kHz, enabling real-time construction of a time series curve of spectral intensity versus wavelength. The recognition component utilizes a built-in stone-tissue spectral feature dataset, encompassing the characteristic spectral peaks and standard reflectance spectra of common stones such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and urate, as well as tissues such as ureteral mucosa and renal pelvic epithelium. The recognition component uses a spectral shape difference algorithm to calculate the second-order derivative difference between the current acquired spectrum and each standard spectrum, extract the spectral shape curvature difference vector, normalize multiple characteristic peaks, calculate the characteristic spectral similarity index, and ultimately identify the smallest matching type as the current identification result. The laser treatment unit is used to efficiently fragment identified stones. It integrates a femtosecond laser that emits a fixed-wavelength therapeutic laser and dynamically adjusts laser output based on the identification results and treatment parameters to achieve lithotripsy. The device simultaneously collects, analyzes, and detects spectra before and after each laser treatment. If a tissue type is identified three times in a row, the device enters a 10-second laser lock state and issues an audible and visual alarm to ensure surgical safety.

[0059] The present invention is further configured such that the detection laser emission component comprises:

[0060] A single optical fiber uses a wavelength beam splitter to simultaneously couple both the detection laser and the treatment laser;

[0061] An integrated nanosecond pulsed laser is used to emit a fixed wavelength detection laser of 532 nm;

[0062] The pulse width of the preset detection laser is 10 to 50 ns, and the single pulse energy is 0.1 to 0.5 mJ. Specifically, the core purpose of the detection laser emission component is to effectively guide the detection laser used for tissue / stone identification to the surgical area, transmit it coaxially with the treatment laser, avoid spatial deviation, and improve identification accuracy and coupling efficiency. The output end of the optical fiber is fixed to the surgical probe part so that identification and treatment are performed at the same point; a nanosecond pulse laser is selected as the laser source with a fixed wavelength of 532 nm. It has the characteristics of stable output, adjustable pulse width and sufficient single pulse energy. The laser is integrated with the control system and can accurately control the frequency and energy of the emission; a wavelength beam splitter is used to merge the 532 nm detection laser and the 1030 nm treatment laser into the same output optical fiber to ensure that the two are coaxially aligned in space.

[0063] The present invention is further configured such that the spectrum acquisition component comprises:

[0064] A micro-spectrometer with a response wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm is integrated next to the signal acquisition probe;

[0065] The micro-spectrometer receives the reflected / scattered spectral signals from the detection laser in real time and constructs a spectral signal sequence. Specifically, the spectral acquisition component integrates a micro-spectrometer with a wide spectral response near the lithotripsy probe. This system captures the detection laser in real time, collects spectral information reflected or scattered from the stone / tissue surface, and constructs a spectral signal sequence reflecting the target optical characteristics for subsequent identification and analysis. The micro-spectrometer was selected with a response band of 400 to 1000 nm, which covers the reflective characteristics of common tissues and stones. Its compact package facilitates integration next to the signal acquisition probe, ensuring a reasonable angle of incidence for reflected light and stable optical signal acquisition. A light-collecting window is provided next to the probe, along with a microlens and fiber-optic coupling assembly, to effectively direct scattered / reflected light into the spectrometer. A filtering mechanism, such as a short-pass filter, is designed to shield potentially interfering background radiation or ambient light, ensuring signal purity. The spectrometer acquisition is synchronized with the detection laser emission signal to ensure that the acquired signal strictly corresponds to the specified pulse response. Two sampling time strategies, automatic and manual, are set to continuously construct a spectral signal sequence for the target region, reflecting the changing optical state of the tissue / stone. When in manual mode, the system's sampling interval is based on the interval set by the operator; when in automatic mode, if no stones are detected, the fixed sampling frequency is 5 times per second. When stones are detected and the therapeutic laser is emitted, the signal is collected through the interval in the treatment parameters generated by the spectral feedback control module.

[0066] The present invention is further configured such that the identification component comprises:

[0067] A pre-set stone-tissue spectral feature dataset is created, which includes the stone or tissue type, the characteristic spectral peak corresponding to the type, and the standard reflectance spectrum corresponding to the type. Specifically, a stone-tissue spectral feature dataset is established at the beginning of device operation. The dataset needs to include: the identified object type, including common urinary stones such as calcium oxalate, calcium phosphate, and urate, and related tissues such as ureteral mucosa and renal pelvic epithelium; using a high-sensitivity spectrometer to measure the reflection or scattering spectra of the above-mentioned types of targets under standard conditions, and extract their stable standard reflectance spectrum curves; by calculating the second-order derivative of each type of spectral curve, the significant spectral peak of that type at a specific wavelength is identified, and the characteristic spectral peak is extracted.

[0068] The present invention is further configured to calculate the second-order derivative of the current collected spectrum signal and the standard reflection spectrum at each characteristic spectrum peak, and take the absolute difference as the difference vector;

[0069] Count the difference vectors of all characteristic spectrum peaks of the current stone / tissue type and construct the characteristic spectrum similarity index;

[0070] Based on the stone-tissue spectral feature dataset, the characteristic spectrum similarity index of all stone or tissue types was compared and calculated;

[0071] The stone or tissue type with the smallest characteristic spectrum similarity index is selected and set as the target recognition result. Specifically, the characteristic spectrum similarity index is constructed by calculating the second-order derivative difference at the characteristic spectrum peak and using the norm to calculate the similarity; for each target type, at each characteristic spectrum peak defined by it, the difference between the second-order derivative of the current spectrum and the standard spectrum is calculated, and the difference values ​​of all spectral peaks are combined into a vector, which is defined as the difference vector. The similarity index of the difference vector is calculated using the norm. The 2-norm is used by default, and the 3-norm can also be used to enhance the discrimination. The specific value is modified according to the actual application scenario. Find the type with the smallest characteristic spectrum similarity index from all types. This type is the recognition result and is passed to the spectral feedback control module for adjusting the treatment parameters.

[0072] The present invention is further configured such that the laser treatment unit comprises: a laser emission component and a safety protection component;

[0073] The laser emission components include:

[0074] The integrated femtosecond laser emits a fixed wavelength of 1030 nm for therapeutic laser treatment.

[0075] The preset pulse width of the therapeutic laser is 190 to 1000 fs, and the single pulse energy is 50 μJ to 2 mJ;

[0076] Based on the treatment parameters output by the spectral feedback control module, an integrated femtosecond laser is used to emit therapeutic laser light, effectively fragmenting the stone. Specifically, the device houses an integrated femtosecond laser with a fixed output wavelength of 1030nm. The device's core parameters are preset: pulse width of 190 to 1000 fs, which controls the duration of the laser's action on different tissues and stones; and single pulse energy of 50 μJ to 2 mJ, which adjusts the intensity of the stone fragmentation based on the stone's material. The specific treatment parameters are generated by the spectral feedback control module. Upon receiving the treatment parameter data output by the spectral feedback control module, the device first verifies that the data is within the preset range. If so, the femtosecond laser is activated to emit therapeutic laser light. If not, the data is considered abnormal and an audible and visual alarm is triggered, displaying the abnormal area on the interactive screen. The femtosecond laser emits therapeutic laser light through optical fiber coupling into the endoscopic catheter, achieving precise positioning. When the pulse is activated, it delivers a high-energy, instantaneous strike to the target stone area, inducing optical breakdown or micro-explosion, effectively fragmenting the stone.

[0077] The present invention is further configured such that the security protection component includes:

[0078] The target recognition results are monitored in real time. When the target recognition results are detected as tissue categories for three consecutive times, the system enters a short-term lock state and generates an alarm message. Specifically, when the recognition component determines that the current target is a tissue type such as mucosa and renal pelvic epithelium, the control device automatically prohibits laser emission; if the recognition component determines that the current target recognition results are all tissue categories after three consecutive detections, the device enters a short-term lock state, prohibits laser emission within 10 seconds, and generates an alarm message, an audible and visual alarm, and reminds the operator; when the device's recognition component determines that the current target is a stone and is not in a locked state, the laser resumes normal pulse emission. Lithotripsy process: The femtosecond laser emits therapeutic lasers, which act continuously at a repetition frequency of several kHz to MHz; high-intensity pulses form plasma bubbles or microcracks on the surface of the stone, and pulverize it through repeated superposition; the device automatically adjusts the treatment parameters according to the feedback results of the spectral feedback control module to ensure maximum lithotripsy efficiency.

[0079] The present invention is further configured such that the spectral feedback control module includes:

[0080] Preset treatment parameter sets for each stone / tissue type;

[0081] The treatment parameter set includes: stone / tissue type, pulse width, single pulse energy, repetition rate, focal radius, and interval time;

[0082] Based on the target recognition results of the laser detection unit, the treatment plan for the corresponding stone / tissue type is matched and the treatment parameters are transmitted to the laser treatment unit. Specifically, during the device design phase, based on clinical experiments and literature data, corresponding treatment parameter sets are established for each stone type and common tissue type. The contents of the parameter data set include but are not limited to: stone / tissue type, pulse width, single pulse energy, repetition frequency, focal radius, and interval time; stone / tissue type is a category label, pulse width is used to adjust the laser action time, single pulse energy is used to adjust the energy carried by a single treatment laser pulse, repetition frequency is used to adjust the time frequency of laser emission, focal radius is used to adjust the range of laser action on the interpretation surface, and interval time is used to identify the refresh and laser control detection cycle. The interval time is dynamically adjusted based on preset parameters according to the start time of the treatment laser: when the stone has not been obviously broken at the beginning of the treatment laser emission, the remaining volume is large, and the detection frequency of the device is set to the interval time in the treatment parameter set to avoid unnecessary frequent detection; as the treatment time increases, the stone gradually breaks up and the remaining volume decreases, the system automatically shortens the detection interval and increases the detection frequency. The specific calculation method uses a linear function to map the interval time in the treatment parameter set with the treatment time to calculate the current optimal sampling interval. The matched treatment parameter set serves as a control instruction to adjust the femtosecond laser's emission configuration, ensuring the laser irradiation process is accurate, safe, and effective. In the above-mentioned feasible embodiment of the present invention, assuming that the current device identifies "calcium oxalate stones" through the recognition component, the following treatment configuration is extracted based on the preset treatment parameter set: laser wavelength: 1030nm, pulse width: 450fs, single pulse energy: 0.5mJ, repetition rate: 500kHz, focal radius: 150μm, interval time: 2 times per second. The treatment process is as follows: the system receives a signal from the identification component: "calcium oxalate stone"; the recommended treatment parameters for calcium oxalate stones are extracted from the treatment parameter set and the configuration of the femtosecond laser is adjusted: output wavelength of 1030nm, pulse width of 450fs, and single pulse energy of 0.5mJ; then the laser beam is turned on with a repetition rate of 500kHz and focused on a 150μm area; the control device focuses the laser on the stone point and detects it twice per second. The number of detections increases with the treatment time until the stone is successfully broken into fine powder; when the current target is identified as tissue, the system immediately stops emitting the laser and enters the lock state.

[0083] The present invention further provides for displaying data including a curve formed by a spectral signal sequence, target recognition results, and treatment parameters. Specifically, the device uses a micro-spectrometer to collect and detect reflected / scattered spectral signals from a target after laser irradiation in real time. Intensity values ​​are recorded at intervals to form a spectral signal sequence, which is then mapped onto a graph for real-time display on the physician interface. Recognition results for the current target area are displayed on an interactive screen. Based on the recognition results, the device automatically invokes a preset set of treatment parameters and displays the currently applied parameters on the physician control interface for confirmation or manual fine-tuning. The interactive screen also provides an automatic / manual mode switching unit. In manual mode, the doctor can set the scanning frequency of the detection laser, and the scanning frequency can be adjusted from 1 time per second to 10 times per second. In automatic mode, the device adaptively adjusts the detection interval according to the progress of stone crushing. If no stone is detected, the fixed sampling frequency is 5 times per second. When a stone is detected and a treatment laser is emitted, the sampling interval of the detection laser is dynamically adjusted according to the treatment time of the current stone. Specifically: when the stone has not been obviously broken at the beginning of the treatment laser emission, the remaining volume is large, and the detection frequency of the device is set to the interval time in the treatment parameter set to avoid unnecessary frequent detection; as the treatment time increases, the stone gradually breaks up and the remaining volume decreases, the system automatically shortens the detection interval and increases the detection frequency. The specific calculation method uses a linear function to map the interval time in the treatment parameter set with the treatment time to calculate the current optimal sampling interval; to prevent detection from being too frequent to affect system stability or too sparse to affect recognition accuracy, a minimum interval threshold can be set as a lower limit guarantee. After the treatment, the device also includes a data recording module that stores the spectral curve, recognition results, and currently applied treatment parameters to form a treatment log that can be used for postoperative review or research analysis.

[0084] The above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part by software, hardware, firmware or any other combination. When implemented using software, the above embodiments can be implemented in whole or in part in the form of a computer program product. The computer program product includes one or more computer instructions or computer programs. When the computer instructions or computer program are loaded or executed on a computer, the process or function described in the embodiment of the present application is generated in whole or in part. The computer can be a general-purpose computer, a special-purpose computer, a computer network, or other programmable device. The computer instructions can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium or transmitted from one computer-readable storage medium to another computer-readable storage medium. For example, the computer instructions can be transmitted from one website, computer, server or data center to another website, computer, server or data center via a wired (e.g., infrared, wireless, microwave, etc.) method. The computer-readable storage medium can be any available medium that can be accessed by a computer or a data storage device such as a server or data center that contains one or more available media sets. The available medium can be a magnetic medium (e.g., a floppy disk, a hard disk, a tape), an optical medium (e.g., a DVD), or a semiconductor medium. The semiconductor medium can be a solid-state drive.

[0085] It should be understood that the term "and / or" as used herein simply describes a relationship between associated objects, indicating that three possible relationships exist. For example, "A and / or B" can represent: A alone, A and B together, or B alone. A and B can be singular or plural. Furthermore, the character " / " as used herein generally indicates an "or" relationship between the associated objects, but it may also indicate an "and / or" relationship. For specific understanding, please refer to the context.

[0086] In this application, "at least one" means one or more, and "plurality" means two or more. "At least one of the following" or similar expressions refers to any combination of these items, including any combination of single or plural items. For example, at least one of a, b, or c can mean: a, b, c, ab, ac, bc, or abc, where a, b, and c can be single or plural.

[0087] It should be understood that in the various embodiments of the present application, the size of the serial numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not mean the order of execution. The execution order of each process should be determined by its function and internal logic, and should not constitute any limitation on the implementation process of the embodiments of the present application.

[0088] Those skilled in the art will appreciate that the units and algorithm steps of each example described in conjunction with the embodiments disclosed herein can be implemented in electronic hardware, or a combination of computer software and electronic hardware. Whether these functions are performed in hardware or software depends on the specific application and design constraints of the technical solution. Professional and technical personnel can use different methods to implement the described functions for each specific application, but such implementation should not be considered beyond the scope of this application.

[0089] Those skilled in the art will clearly understand that, for the convenience and brevity of description, the specific working processes of the systems, devices and units described above can refer to the corresponding processes in the aforementioned method embodiments and will not be repeated here.

[0090] In the several embodiments provided in this application, it should be understood that the disclosed system can be implemented in other ways. For example, the device embodiments described above are merely schematic. For example, the division of the units is merely a logical function division. In actual implementation, there may be other division methods, such as multiple units or components can be combined or integrated into another system, or some features can be ignored or not executed. Another point is that the mutual coupling or direct coupling or communication connection shown or discussed can be through some interfaces, indirect coupling or communication connection of devices or units, which can be electrical, mechanical or other forms.

[0091] The units described as separate components may or may not be physically separate, and the components shown as units may or may not be physical units, that is, they may be located in one place or distributed across multiple network units. Some or all of these units may be selected to achieve the purpose of this embodiment according to actual needs.

[0092] In addition, each functional unit in each embodiment of the present application may be integrated into one processing unit, or each unit may exist physically separately, or two or more units may be integrated into one unit.

[0093] If the functions are implemented in the form of software functional units and sold or used as independent products, they can be stored in a computer-readable storage medium. Based on this understanding, the technical solution of the present application, or the part that contributes to the prior art, or the part of the technical solution, can be embodied in the form of a software product. The computer software product is stored in a storage medium and includes several instructions for enabling a computer device (which can be a personal computer, a server, or a network device, etc.) to execute all or part of the steps of the method described in each embodiment of the present application. The aforementioned storage medium includes various media that can store program codes, such as a USB flash drive, a mobile hard disk, a read-only memory (ROM), a random access memory (RAM), a magnetic disk or an optical disk.

[0094] The above description is merely a specific embodiment of the present application, but the scope of protection of the present application is not limited thereto. Any changes or substitutions that can be easily conceived by a person skilled in the art within the technical scope disclosed in this application should be included in the scope of protection of this application. Therefore, the scope of protection of this application should be based on the scope of protection of the claims.

Claims

1. A femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback, characterized in that: include: Dual-wavelength laser module: uses a wavelength beam splitter to couple detection laser and treatment laser to the same optical fiber, performing stone identification and stone fragmentation respectively; Spectral feedback control module: uses the target recognition results of the reflected / scattered spectrum of the detected laser to match the corresponding treatment energy and output signals to control the treatment laser emission; Human-computer interaction module: Use the interactive screen to display various data during the operation in real time.

2. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: The dual-wavelength laser module includes: a laser detection unit and a laser treatment unit; The laser detection unit includes: a detection laser emission component, a spectrum collection component and an identification component.

3. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The detection laser emission component includes: A single optical fiber uses a wavelength beam splitter to simultaneously couple both the detection laser and the treatment laser; An integrated nanosecond pulsed laser is used to emit a fixed wavelength detection laser of 532 nm; The pulse width of the detection laser is preset to be 10 to 50 ns, and the single pulse energy is 0.1 to 0.5 mJ.

4. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The spectrum acquisition component includes: A micro-spectrometer with a response wavelength range of 400 to 1000 nm is integrated next to the signal acquisition probe; The micro-spectrometer receives the reflected / scattered spectral signals of the detection laser in real time and constructs a spectral signal sequence.

5. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The identification component includes: A stone-tissue spectral feature data set is preset, and the stone-tissue spectral feature data set includes: stone or tissue type, characteristic spectrum peak value corresponding to the type, and standard reflection spectrum corresponding to the type.

6. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 5, characterized in that: For each characteristic spectrum peak, the second-order derivative of the current collected spectrum signal and the standard reflection spectrum is calculated, and the absolute difference is taken as the difference vector; Count the difference vectors of all characteristic spectrum peaks of the current stone / tissue type and construct the characteristic spectrum similarity index; Based on the stone-tissue spectral feature dataset, the characteristic spectrum similarity index of all stone or tissue types was compared and calculated; The stone or tissue type with the smallest characteristic spectrum similarity index is selected and set as the target recognition result.

7. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 2, characterized in that: The laser treatment unit includes: a laser emission component and a safety protection component; The laser emission components include: The integrated femtosecond laser emits a fixed wavelength of 1030 nm for therapeutic laser treatment. The preset pulse width of the therapeutic laser is 190 to 1000 fs, and the single pulse energy is 50 μJ to 2 mJ; The integrated femtosecond laser is used to emit therapeutic laser according to the treatment parameters output by the spectral feedback control module to break up the stones.

8. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 7, characterized in that: The security protection component includes: Monitor the target recognition results in real time. When the target recognition results are detected as tissue categories three times in a row, the system enters a short-term lock state and generates an alarm message.

9. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: The spectrum feedback control module includes: Preset treatment parameter sets for each stone / tissue type; The treatment parameter set includes: stone / tissue type, pulse width, single pulse energy, repetition rate, focal radius, and interval time; Based on the target recognition results of the laser detection unit, the treatment plan for the corresponding stone / tissue type is matched and the treatment parameters are transmitted to the laser treatment unit.

10. The femtosecond laser lithotripsy device based on dual-wavelength feedback according to claim 1, characterized in that: Displayed data include: curves composed of spectral signal sequences, target recognition results, and treatment parameters.

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