Mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy dot matrix metamaterial

Abstract

The invention discloses a mechanical clone manufacturing method based on a shape memory alloy dot matrix metamaterial, which relates to the technical field of manufacturing in environments such as space, and is characterized in that the shape memory alloy dot matrix metamaterial is manufactured by utilizing the flexibility and scalability of the shape memory alloy dot matrix metamaterial and the actuating characteristic of restoring force generated in the expansion process of shape memory recovery after compression deformation. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial serves as a flexible actuating body and a flexible self-adapting body to act on a blank and a rigid complex-shaped target body, the blank is forced to deform and be attached to the rigid complex-shaped target body, geometrical shape information of the rigid complex-shaped target body is mechanically cloned to the blank, and on the basis, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is obtained. The method comprises the following steps: performing mechanical cloning by taking a component as a rigid complex-shaped target body to obtain an intermediary template body, and performing mechanical cloning by taking the intermediary template body as the rigid complex-shaped target body to obtain a component which is the same as an original component, so that the problems that an existing manufacturing method needs special complex equipment and is difficult to apply to environments such as space and the like are solved.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of forming manufacturing and is applicable to extreme environment manufacturing fields such as in-orbit manufacturing in space, deep space manufacturing, and extraterrestrial manufacturing in distant spaces such as the moon. It specifically relates to a mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials. Background Art

[0002] Future spaces that are not yet familiar to humans, such as outer space, deep space, and the distant sea, are rich in resources and full of questions that humans urgently need to explore and answer. Therefore, exploring and developing future spaces such as outer space, deep space, and the distant sea can promote scientific and technological progress, provide resources for the future development of mankind, and have great strategic significance in international political, economic, military, and technological competition. They are the commanding heights of strategic competition among countries.

[0003] Logistical supply resources are crucial for the success of long-term exploration missions into space, deep space, the open ocean, and other future realms not yet explored by humanity. The current model primarily relies on manufacturing various products in centralized locations like factories and then transporting them for resupply. This model is not only time-consuming but also costly. Furthermore, the limited space available on spacecraft and other transportation vehicles makes it difficult to transport large components, limiting the exploration and development of extreme environments like space. Therefore, manufacturing technology suitable for extreme environmental conditions like space is crucial for the exploration and development of future realms like space and deep space, and is recognized worldwide as a strategically important technology for advancing humanity's extraterrestrial capabilities and conducting deep space exploration missions.

[0004] Traditional manufacturing technology, whether it is subtractive manufacturing that uses the operating energy of mechanical equipment to drive the tool to "carve", or material manufacturing that uses the operating energy of mechanical equipment to drive the deformation or flow of the blank to replicate the shape or structure of the mold, generally requires special, complex and bulky mechanical equipment and auxiliary tools and molds. Since the cost of transportation to extreme environments such as space is very high, it is difficult to obtain these special, complex and bulky mechanical equipment and auxiliary tools and molds in extreme environments such as space. Therefore, traditional manufacturing technology is difficult to apply to manufacturing in extreme environments such as space. Exploring new manufacturing technologies suitable for extreme environments such as space has become the key for mankind to embark on deep space.

[0005] 3D printing (additive manufacturing) is a digital additive manufacturing process that uses layer-by-layer stacking to directly form parts. Compared with traditional subtractive or isotropic manufacturing, 3D printing (additive manufacturing) technology eliminates the need for intermediate molds during the processing process, can respond quickly to demand, and has the advantages of single-piece, small-batch, customized, and rapid manufacturing, making it more suitable for space manufacturing needs. Additive manufacturing technology, with its moldless digital manufacturing characteristics, has become a key focus of space technology development in various countries. However, 3D printing (additive manufacturing) also faces three important issues:

[0006] (1) 3D printing (additive manufacturing) also requires specialized equipment, and most of the time, the equipment is relatively complex and bulky, especially for 3D printing (additive manufacturing) equipment used for metal materials. The cost of transporting 3D printing (additive manufacturing) equipment into space is still very high. The equipment has high power consumption and large size, which is a large burden on future space platforms. In addition, due to the limited space available in spacecraft, carrying specialized 3D printing (additive manufacturing) equipment is also very difficult, and sometimes even impossible. The limited space available in spacecraft and the special microgravity environment in space determine that space manufacturing systems should be lightweight, convenient, miniaturized, highly stable, and easy to operate.

[0007] (2) Extreme conditions such as high vacuum, microgravity, drastic temperature changes, and strong radiation in extreme environments such as space pose challenges to the raw materials, processes, and equipment used in the 3D printing (additive manufacturing) process. For example, the disappearance of gravity in the space environment will cause the molten droplets of raw materials to splash, and the molten pool and manufacturing process are difficult to control in microgravity; the high vacuum environment will cause changes in the heat and mass transfer methods of the material during the manufacturing process, and heat dissipation and solidification are difficult in a high vacuum environment; in the micro or zero gravity conditions of space, controlling the position of the powder used for 3D printing (additive manufacturing) will be a major problem; at the same time, in the micro or zero gravity environment of space, it is difficult to form a good metallurgical bond between the printed layers because there is no external force. In addition, the safety risks and environmental pollution risks of using powder as raw materials for metal additive manufacturing in micro or zero gravity are extremely high.

[0008] (3) Currently, the materials suitable for 3D printing (additive manufacturing) in space environments are limited, mainly polymer materials, focusing on 3D printing (additive manufacturing) of polymers or polymer composites using fused deposition model. However, the strength of polymers and composites generally does not exceed 150 MPa, and the low melting point of polymers severely limits their scope of space application. The main components of spacecraft are made of metal materials, and currently, the types of materials that can be used for metal 3D printing (additive manufacturing) are relatively small, mainly including stainless steel, high-temperature alloys, titanium alloys, aluminum-magnesium alloys, and rare metals.

[0009] Therefore, in the future, when heading into extreme environments such as deep space and outer space, the lack of suitable manufacturing technology is a key issue restricting future development. We urgently need a new manufacturing technology that can overcome the influence of the microgravity environment in space, overcome the dependence on specialized, complex and bulky equipment, and realize convenient, fast and low-cost manufacturing of components. Summary of the Invention

[0010] To this end, the present invention provides a mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials. The method utilizes the flexibility and scalability of the lattice structure of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the form of curved struts, as well as the actuating characteristics of generating a restoring force during the shape recovery process after deformation due to its own shape memory function. The compressively deformed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body to act on a blank and a rigid complex-shaped object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial mechanically forces the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the rigid complex-shaped object through the restoring force generated during the expansion process of its shape memory recovery and its own flexibility and scalability, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object to the blank, thereby achieving mechanical cloning of the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object. Based on this, the component is first used as the rigid complex-shaped target body for mechanical cloning to clone an intermediate template body, and then the intermediate template body is used as the rigid complex-shaped target body for mechanical cloning to clone a component identical to the original component.

[0011] Furthermore, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can adopt two types of shape memory alloys: one is a shape memory alloy having only a one-way shape memory function, and the other is a shape memory alloy having a two-way shape memory function.

[0012] The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned selection of shape memory alloys is that it can provide more reasonable choices for the forming and manufacturing of different components in different environments. Because the shapes of components are diverse and vary greatly, and the environments for forming and manufacturing are also very different, therefore, it can be selected according to the specific components and manufacturing environment. For example, the one-way shape memory alloy has a larger recoverable strain, generates a stronger restoring force, and has better fatigue resistance. Therefore, it can provide better forming force and can form components with more complex shapes. However, it can only remember one shape. When the shape memory alloy is deformed from its original shape, the geometric shape in which it is shaped and remembered, to store energy, an external force is required to change its shape; while the two-way shape memory alloy can remember two different shapes. By utilizing its own shape memory function, it can realize shape conversion and change, thereby realizing energy storage through temperature control, without the need for additional external force application, and its operation will be simpler.

[0013] Furthermore, the lattice structure of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial adopts a structure in the form of bent struts.

[0014] The beneficial effect of the above-mentioned selection of the lattice structure form of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can provide sufficient restoring force while controlling the strain within the range of the recoverable strain of the shape memory alloy. The structure adopts a curved support rod form (curved rod) rather than the usual straight rod truss structure, so that its deformation is dominated by bending or elongation deformation. This allows the lattice metamaterial to have large contraction and elongation and expansion deformation, while the strain of the shape memory alloy itself is small and controlled within the range of the recoverable deformation of the shape memory alloy.

[0015] Furthermore, based on the aforementioned mechanical cloning and assigning of the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object to the blank, the mechanical cloning of the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object is achieved, and the mechanical cloning of the component can be performed in the following manner:

[0016] Method 1:

[0017] Utilizing the flexibility and scalability of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, as well as their actuating characteristics that generate restoring force during the shape recovery process after deformation due to their inherent shape memory function, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is first used as a flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and component, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component. The geometric shape information of the component is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, mechanically cloning an intermediate template body that stores the geometric shape information of the component.

[0018] Then, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator and a flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and the intermediate template, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the intermediate template. The geometric shape information of the intermediate template is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, cloning a component identical to the original component.

[0019] Method 2:

[0020] Utilizing the flexibility and scalability of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, as well as their actuating characteristics that generate restoring force during shape recovery after deformation due to their inherent shape memory function, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is first used as a flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and component, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component. The geometric shape information of the component is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, mechanically cloning two intermediate template bodies that store the geometric shape information of the component. The difference between these two intermediate template bodies is that they fit different surfaces of the component.

[0021] Then, the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator. The restoring force generated by the expansion process of its shape memory recovery drives an intermediate template to move, and then the intermediate template acts on the blank and forces the blank to deform. Finally, it is attached to another intermediate template. Through the two intermediate templates, a component identical to the original component is cloned.

[0022] Furthermore, the steps of cloning a component identical to the original component in the first method include:

[0023] Step 1: Preparation of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials

[0024] Shape memory alloys are prepared into lattice-structured metamaterials to make them flexible and scalable;

[0025] Step 2: Initial energy storage

[0026] When one-way shape memory alloys are applied, the process of storing energy is as follows:

[0027] The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to a shaping heat treatment to fix the shape and have a one-way shape memory function, and then subjected to compression deformation. Energy is stored through the deformation induced by an external force, making it actuable, thereby transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body;

[0028] When two-way shape memory alloys are applied, the process of storing energy is as follows:

[0029] The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is first subjected to a shaping heat treatment to fix the shape and remember the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase. It is then compressed and deformed into a temporary shape and subjected to a thermomechanical training of heating and cooling under constrained conditions to remember the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, thereby having a two-way shape memory function. It is then cooled from the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase to the low-temperature martensite phase to deform its shape from the original shape to the temporary shape. Energy is stored through this temperature-induced deformation to make it actuable, thereby transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body.

[0030] Step 3: Assembly

[0031] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is used as a flexible and stretchable flexible actuator and flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and the component, and is assembled and fixed together with auxiliary assembly and fixing parts and heating devices;

[0032] Step 4: Heating triggers the mechanical cloning process to obtain the intermediate template

[0033] One way to trigger the mechanical cloning process by heating is to heat the softened blank and simultaneously trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. With the help of the expansion process of shape memory recovery, the flexible and scalable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will mechanically force the softened blank assembled with it to deform to adapt and eventually fit the component, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank, realizing mechanical cloning of the component geometric shape information and obtaining an intermediate template body that stores the component geometric shape information; another way is to directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process; the third way is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process;

[0034] Step 5: Store energy through deformation again

[0035] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-compressed and deformed or temperature-induced to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body;

[0036] Step 6: Reassemble

[0037] The intermediate template obtained in step 4 is used as a rigid complex-shaped target object to which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial actively adapts. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is used as a flexible and scalable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body, which acts on the blank and the intermediate template, and is assembled and fixed together with auxiliary assembly and fixing components and a heating device.

[0038] Step 7: Heat again to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain a clone of the component

[0039] One way to trigger the mechanical cloning process by heating is to heat the softened blank and simultaneously trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. With the help of the expansion process of shape memory recovery, the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will mechanically force the softened blank assembled with it to deform to adapt and eventually fit to the intermediate template, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the intermediate template to the softened blank, realizing the mechanical cloning of the geometric shape information of the intermediate template, cloning a component identical to the original component, and realizing the mechanical cloning manufacturing of components without relying on complex specialized equipment; another way is to directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, triggering the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, and triggering the mechanical cloning process; the third way is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, triggering the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, and triggering the mechanical cloning process.

[0040] Furthermore, the steps of cloning a component identical to the original component in the second method include:

[0041] Step 1: Preparation of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials

[0042] Shape memory alloys are prepared into lattice-structured metamaterials to make them flexible and scalable;

[0043] Step 2: Initial energy storage

[0044] When one-way shape memory alloys are applied, the process of storing energy is as follows:

[0045] The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to a shaping heat treatment to fix the shape and have a one-way shape memory function, and then subjected to compression deformation. Energy is stored through the deformation induced by an external force, making it actuable, thereby transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body;

[0046] When two-way shape memory alloys are applied, the process of storing energy is as follows:

[0047] The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is first subjected to a shaping heat treatment to fix the shape and remember the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase. It is then compressed and deformed into a temporary shape and subjected to a thermomechanical training of heating and cooling under constrained conditions to remember the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, thereby having a two-way shape memory function. It is then cooled from the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase to the low-temperature martensite phase to deform its shape from the original shape to the temporary shape. Energy is stored through this temperature-induced deformation to make it actuable, thereby transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body.

[0048] Step 3: Assembly

[0049] The component is a rigid complex-shaped target object that actively adapts to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is assembled and fixed together with the blank, the component, auxiliary assembly and fixing parts, and the heating device;

[0050] Step 4: Heating triggers the mechanical cloning process to obtain the intermediate template

[0051] One way to trigger the mechanical cloning process by heating is to heat the softened blank and simultaneously trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. With the help of the expansion process of shape memory recovery, the flexible and scalable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will mechanically force the softened blank assembled with it to deform to adapt and eventually fit the component, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank, realizing mechanical cloning of the component geometric shape information and obtaining an intermediate template body that stores the component geometric shape information; another way is to directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process; the third way is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process;

[0052] Step 5: Store energy through deformation again

[0053] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-stored through compression deformation or through temperature-induced shape change to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body;

[0054] Step 6: Reassemble

[0055] The component is a rigid complex-shaped target object that actively adapts to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is assembled and fixed together with the blank, the component, auxiliary assembly and fixing parts, and the heating device;

[0056] Step 7: Heat again to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain another intermediate template

[0057] One way to trigger the mechanical cloning process by heating is to heat the softened blank and simultaneously trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. With the help of the expansion process of shape memory recovery, the flexible and scalable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will mechanically force the softened blank assembled with it to deform to adapt and eventually fit the component, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank, realizing mechanical cloning of the component geometric shape information and obtaining another intermediate template body that stores the component geometric shape information; another way is to directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process; the third way is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process;

[0058] Step 8: Storing energy through deformation for the third time

[0059] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-stored through compression deformation or through temperature-induced shape change to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body;

[0060] Step 9, third assembly

[0061] Assembling and fixing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation, the blank, the two intermediate templates obtained in steps 4 and 7, the auxiliary assembly and fixing components, and the heating device;

[0062] Step 10: The third heating triggers the mechanical cloning process to obtain a clone of the component

[0063] One way to trigger the mechanical cloning process by heating is to heat the softened blank and simultaneously trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. With the help of the expansion process of shape memory recovery, the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial pushes one of the intermediate templates that stores the geometric shape information of the component to move, and then makes this intermediate template act on the blank to force the softened blank to deform until it fits into the other intermediate template that stores the geometric shape information of the component. At this time, through the two intermediate templates, the geometric shape information of the components stored in the two intermediate templates is mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank, and a component identical to the original component is cloned, thereby realizing the mechanical cloning manufacturing of components without relying on complex specialized equipment. Another way is to directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. The third way is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process.

[0064] Furthermore, the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are filled with graphite paper, and graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal blank, and between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the auxiliary assembly fixing tool.

[0065] The beneficial effects of filling the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial with graphite paper, placing graphite paper between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal blank, and between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the auxiliary assembly and fixing tool are: first, with the help of the lubrication of the graphite paper, the friction between the metals is reduced, ensuring that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can be used for mechanical cloning to the greatest extent, ensuring the successful implementation of the mechanical cloning process; second, graphite paper is heat-resistant, has good thermal conductivity, and is in solid form, so it is easy to store; in addition, graphite paper is soft and portable, occupies a small volume, and is light in weight, which is very beneficial for carrying into space and on space flights.

[0066] Furthermore, the auxiliary assembly and fixing components include an actuating frame, a pressure plate, and a support plate. The actuating frame, the pressure plate, and the support plate are assembled and fixed together to enclose the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in a closed space, constrain and fix the blank, assemble and fix the heating device, and guide the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to expand toward the blank, forcing the blank to deform.

[0067] The beneficial effects of applying the actuation frame are: ensuring the role of the flexible actuation body and the flexible adaptive body of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, constraining and fixing the blank, and assembling and fixing the heating device to ensure that the mechanical cloning process can be realized. This is because the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in a compressed state, when heated to restore its shape and expand outward, will expand freely if it is not constrained and guided, and it will be difficult to completely convert its role into an actuation role, and it will be difficult to realize the transformation of the blank deformation into a component. By applying the actuation frame, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is enclosed in a closed space, which can guide the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to expand toward the blank, forcing the blank to deform. In addition, in order to realize the mechanical cloning manufacturing of the component, constraining or fixing the blank, heating the blank and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are equally important. Therefore, auxiliary assembly and fixing components are also needed to constrain or fix the blank and assemble and fix the heating device. The actuation frame can complete these tasks at the same time.

[0068] Furthermore, the components and intermediate template bodies use the restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to increase their stiffness when they drive the blank to deform or when the deformed blank is attached to them, ensuring that the components and intermediate template bodies themselves will not deform when they drive the blank to deform or when the deformed blank is attached to them.

[0069] The benefits of using the restoring force generated by shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials to increase the stiffness of components and intermediate templates are: ensuring that the components and intermediate templates themselves will not deform when driving the deformation of the blank or when the deformed blank is fitted to them, ensuring that the geometric shape information of the components or intermediate templates can be accurately cloned and assigned to the blank, thereby realizing the mechanical cloning manufacturing of components, especially for some thin-walled components and low-strength material components, which have low stiffness themselves. If the restoring force generated by shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials is not used to increase their stiffness, then when driving the deformation of the blank or when the deformed blank is fitted to them, they themselves may deform, resulting in the inability to achieve the mechanical cloning process.

[0070] The method of the present invention has the following beneficial effects:

[0071] 1. No need for complex, bulky, specialized equipment. The active adaptive actuation function of flexible and scalable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials replaces the motion and energy generated by specialized, complex, and bulky mechanical equipment. With its flexible, scalable, and active adaptability, it can actively adapt to complex-shaped objects to mechanically replicate the target object's geometry or structure. This eliminates the need for subtractive manufacturing, which uses mechanical energy to drive a tool to "carve" the blank, or for additive manufacturing, which uses mechanical energy to drive the deformation or flow of the blank to replicate the shape or structure of the mold, or for additive manufacturing, which uses highly concentrated heating points in a heating device to melt the blank point by point and construct the geometric shape or structure layer by layer. The present invention requires only a small amount of reusable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials and simple auxiliary tools and components for heating and fixing assembly. This allows for convenient manufacturing in extreme environments far from factories, even in space and deep space, far from Earth, where complex, bulky, and specialized mechanical equipment is difficult to obtain, thus avoiding the need to carry bulky equipment into extreme environments such as space.

[0072] 2. Simple and convenient operation. Simply store energy in the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial through compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation. Then, assemble it with the blank and components. After heating, it actively and flexibly adapts to the target object, deforming the blank and fitting it to the target object, replicating the shape of the target object and achieving component forming and manufacturing.

[0073] 3. Not restricted by environmental conditions. The blanks required for forming do not need to be melted, avoiding the problems of heat dissipation and solidification difficulties in the space environment, which are different from those on Earth, and in the high vacuum environment. Therefore, it is not restricted by environmental conditions such as zero gravity, vacuum, and extreme temperature changes.

[0074] 4. It can more conveniently and cost-effectively realize the development and utilization of resources in extreme environments such as space and in-situ manufacturing in extreme environments such as space. According to the traditional manufacturing model, specialized complex and bulky equipment is required for manufacturing. Since these specialized complex and bulky equipment are difficult to obtain in extreme environments such as space, the resources in environments such as space are difficult to develop and utilize, and difficult to process into components and products. The method provided by the present invention can more conveniently and cost-effectively realize the development and utilization of resources in extreme environments such as space and in-situ manufacturing in extreme environments such as space. For example, only a small amount of reusable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is needed. In space and other places far away from the earth or factories, space uplink materials, in-orbit recycled materials, or materials from abandoned spacecraft on alien planets, materials from alien planets are used as blanks to realize the cloning and manufacturing of components. This avoids the round-trip transportation of raw materials between the earth and the sky, and avoids the transportation of complex and bulky specialized equipment to space or alien planets, greatly reducing costs and providing a foundation for the on-orbit manufacturing and construction of spacecraft, the development and utilization of extraterrestrial resources, and the development of new space economic formats.

[0075] 5. It enables rapid replacement of damaged components during exploration of space, deep space, and the open ocean. A key challenge facing exploration of space, deep space, and the open ocean is how to replace damaged components mid-exploration. Carrying backup components inevitably requires carrying numerous spare parts, increasing the payload and hindering long-range exploration. Carrying manufacturing equipment, such as additive manufacturing equipment, also increases the payload, hindering exploration. Furthermore, additive manufacturing, which melts material layer by layer, takes a long time. Mechanical cloning can address this issue. Using the damaged component as the target object and geometric information prototype, shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials store energy by deformation. This allows for the rapid and easy creation of an identical component. This is similar to biological cloning: information is copied and stored on an intermediate template. Then, upon transporting the component to any environment, it absorbs the surrounding material and energy to create a clone identical to the damaged component. This approach enables self-sustainability, allowing components to be manufactured directly in space, helping humanity break free from its dependence on Earth for resource supplies.

[0076] 6. It can expand the scope of manufacturing in extreme environments, such as space manufacturing. The required raw materials are common plates, blocks, and tubes, requiring no special processing or preparation. They can be applied to any metal and polymer materials, and no specialized equipment is required to prepare the raw materials. The material is insensitive to conditions such as gravity and vacuum, which greatly expands the scope of manufacturing in extreme environments, such as space manufacturing. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0077] Figure 1 1. is a schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in which the supporting rods are in the form of curved rods;

[0078] Figure 2 1. A schematic diagram of a unit cell of a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in which the supporting rod is in the form of a curved rod;

[0079] Figure 3 1. is a schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in which the supporting rods are in the form of spring rods;

[0080] Figure 4 1. A schematic diagram of a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial unit cell in which the support rod is in the form of a spring rod;

[0081] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the mechanical cloning process based on the flexibility, scalability, and active adaptive actuation generated by the shape memory function and actuation function of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials;

[0082] Figure 6Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component (after assembly is completed, the start stage of the mechanical cloning process is triggered);

[0083] Figure 7 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component (final stage: the blank deforms and adapts to and fits the component, and the intermediate template is cloned from the component) in the first method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial;

[0084] Figure 8 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the intermediate template body in the first method of mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial (after the assembly is completed, the starting stage of the mechanical cloning process is triggered);

[0085] Figure 9 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the intermediate template body (final stage: the blank deforms and adapts to and fits the intermediate template body, and components are cloned from the intermediate template body) in the first method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials;

[0086] Figure 10 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and conform to the outer surface profile of the component (after assembly is completed, triggering the start stage of the mechanical cloning process);

[0087] Figure 11 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and conform to the outer surface profile of the component (final stage: the blank deforms and adapts to and conforms to the outer surface profile of the component, and the intermediate template is cloned from the component);

[0088] Figure 12 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and conform to the inner surface profile of the component (after assembly is completed, triggering the start stage of the mechanical cloning process);

[0089] Figure 13Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial forces the softened blank to deform and adapt to and conform to the inner surface profile of the component (final stage: the blank deforms and adapts to and conforms to the inner surface profile of the component, and the intermediate template is cloned from the component);

[0090] Figure 14 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial pushes an intermediate template body to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit to another intermediate template body (after assembly is completed, the start stage of the mechanical cloning process is triggered);

[0091] Figure 15 Schematic diagram of the process in which the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the second method of mechanical cloning manufacturing of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials pushes one intermediate template to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the other intermediate template (final stage: components are cloned from the two intermediate templates); DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0092] The implementation of the present invention will be further described below in combination with the ideas and principles of the present invention.

[0093] The principle and idea of ​​the present invention is to utilize the flexibility and scalability of the lattice structure of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the form of bent struts, as well as the actuating characteristics of generating a restoring force during the shape recovery process after deformation due to its own shape memory function. The compressively deformed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body. The restoring force generated by the expansion process of its shape memory recovery and its own flexibility and scalability mechanically force the softened blank to deform to adapt and fit to objects with rigid complex shapes, thereby mechanically cloning and imparting a complex geometric shape to the blank to make it a component, replacing the method of converting simple-shaped blanks or granular blanks into components with complex shapes and structures using specialized, complex, and bulky equipment used in traditional manufacturing and additive manufacturing, thereby avoiding dependence on specialized, complex, and bulky mechanical equipment.

[0094] The embodiments of the present invention are achieved by utilizing the flexibility, scalability and actuation characteristics of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials in the form of bent struts. The flexibility, scalability and actuation characteristics of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials are achieved through their lattice structure and shape memory function. In particular, the transformation of shape memory alloys between several phases under different temperature, stress and deformation conditions produces shape memory function (one-way shape memory function and two-way shape memory function) and actuation function, which involves relatively complex physical processes. The following, combined with an introduction to the lattice structure of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials and the complex physical processes involved in the shape memory function and actuation function of shape memory alloys under different temperature, stress and deformation conditions, first explains how shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials have flexibility, scalability and actuation function through their lattice structure and shape memory function, and then explains how to achieve the embodiments and steps of the present invention by utilizing the flexibility, scalability and actuation function of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials.

[0095] Lattice metamaterials, also known as mechanical metamaterials, have a non-continuous porous structure (such as Figure 1 、 Figure 2 、 Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, it can produce a large deformation. At the same time, the slender strut structure of the lattice can produce a large degree of freedom of movement and deformation. Therefore, the lattice metamaterial has a large flexibility. In addition, the porous characteristics of the lattice metamaterial also determine that the lattice metamaterial has a large compressibility. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial used in the present invention has a lattice structure in the form of a bent strut. For example, the pillars of the lattice adopt a curved rod structure (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown), for example, the support of the lattice adopts a spring structure (as shown Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in the figure, a curved rod structure or a spring structure is adopted instead of the usual straight rod truss structure, so that its deformation is dominated by bending or elongation deformation, which can make the lattice metamaterial produce larger contraction and elongation expansion, making it scalable.

[0096] Lattice metamaterials are prepared using shape memory alloys, which can obtain shape memory and actuation functions in addition to flexibility and scalability.

[0097] Shape memory alloys exhibit two distinct phases at different temperatures: austenite and martensite. The austenite phase occurs at a higher temperature than the martensite phase, and therefore, they are often referred to as high-temperature austenite and low-temperature martensite, respectively. Of these two phases, the high-temperature austenite phase is generally referred to as the parent phase. Therefore, in this application, the shape corresponding to the high-temperature austenite phase is referred to as the original shape.

[0098] Under different stress and deformation conditions, low-temperature martensite has two different forms of existence. One is the existence of many martensite variants with different orientations, and the other is the transformation into a martensite monomer or a preferentially oriented martensite variant through self-cooperation and merging under stress or the combined action of stress and temperature. Since the martensite monomer or the preferentially oriented martensite variant can be transformed into the parent phase high-temperature austenite by heating, its shape will also be restored to the original shape corresponding to the parent phase high-temperature austenite. Therefore, in this application, the shape corresponding to the deformation-induced low-temperature martensite monomer or the preferentially oriented martensite variant is called a temporary shape, because it can be transformed into the original shape corresponding to the parent phase high-temperature austenite at any time by heating.

[0099] The shape memory function of shape memory alloys means that after the shape memory alloy is fixed to an original shape in the parent phase high-temperature austenite state, it will remember this original shape. When it is cooled and transformed into low-temperature martensite, external action is applied to make many low-temperature martensite variants with different orientations merge through self-cooperation and transform into martensite monomers or preferentially oriented martensite variants. At the same time, external action causes its shape to change again. After it becomes a temporary shape, it is heated again. The martensite monomer or preferentially oriented martensite variant will be transformed into the parent phase high-temperature austenite, and the shape of the shape memory alloy will also be restored from this temporary shape to the original shape. That is, the shape memory alloy remembers the original shape and can restore the memory and return to its original shape after the shape change.

[0100] During this shape recovery process, a restoring force will be generated, resulting in an actuation effect. That is, through external induction, the shape memory alloy changes shape, which can store energy. When the shape returns to its original shape, this energy is released to generate a restoring force, thereby having an actuation function.

[0101] The same is true for shape memory alloys with two-way shape memory function. The so-called two-way shape memory function refers to the use of shaping heat treatment to shape the parent phase high-temperature austenite of the shape memory alloy into a shape, so that it remembers this original shape, and then through multiple cycles of thermal engine "training", a specific stress field is formed inside the shape memory alloy. With the help of this specific stress field, when the shape memory alloy is induced to cool down from the parent phase high-temperature austenite to low-temperature martensite, it automatically transforms into a certain preferentially oriented low-temperature martensite, shaping the low-temperature martensite phase of the shape memory alloy into a temporary shape and remembering this shape, so that the shape memory alloy has a two-way shape memory function, and then the shape memory can be restored by simply cooling. When the alloy is cooled and transformed from the parent phase high-temperature austenite to the low-temperature martensite, it automatically transforms into a certain preferentially oriented low-temperature martensite. At the same time, the shape of the shape memory alloy changes from the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite it remembers to the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase it remembers. This provides the premise for generating a restoring force when it is further reheated and restored to the original shape remembered by the parent phase high-temperature austenite. That is, through this temperature-induced shape change from the original shape to the low-temperature temporary shape, the purpose of storing energy in the shape memory alloy is achieved, and when the shape returns to the original shape, this energy is released to generate a restoring force, thereby having an actuating function.

[0102] If the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is shaped, then cooled and transformed into low-temperature martensite, and then external force is applied to change its shape from the original shape to a temporary shape, and then it is heated, then due to the shape memory function, it will restore its original shape and generate a restoring force; and due to the flexibility and scalability of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, during the expansion process of restoring its original shape after being compressed and deformed, if it encounters a rigid complex-shaped object, then the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will actively adapt and fit this rigid complex-shaped object, and due to the restoring force generated during the shape recovery process, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will resist the obstacles that hinder it. When a rigid complex-shaped object with shape recovery generates a force, the effect of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial on the object that hinders its movement is similar to that of a mechanical device, and both have the actuation function of generating a force; and if the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial encounters an obstruction from a softened object during its expansion process to restore its original shape after being compressed and deformed, the actuation function of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will force the softened object to deform until it encounters a rigid object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the softened object will actively adapt and fit to the rigid object together, thereby mechanically cloning and imparting the shape of the rigid object to the softened object.

[0103] Based on this, the present invention proposes a mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, such as Figure 5As shown, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the form of a bent support rod is compressed and deformed to store energy, and then placed in a container frame. Then, it is assembled and fixed together with a plate blank, a complex-shaped target body, a support frame, a heating and a clamping component. Then, the plate blank and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are heated. Due to the heating effect, the plate blank will be softened, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will restore its original shape and expand outward. Since the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has good filling and stretchability, it is compressed and placed in the container frame. After it is heated to restore its shape, it will expand and deform. Under the action of the restoring force, the unfilled space in the container frame is filled, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will flexibly adapt to the The shape of a rigid object is to fill the unfilled space. Therefore, when the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is hindered by the softened sheet material during its expansion process to restore its original shape after being compressed and deformed, the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will force the softened sheet material to deform along with it until it encounters a rigid complex-shaped target body, adapts itself to and finally fits to the complex-shaped target body. The softened sheet material is formed into the shape of the complex-shaped target body, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the complex-shaped target body to the softened sheet material. With this mechanical cloning of the geometric shape information of the complex-shaped object, the sheet material can be transformed into a complex shape, thereby realizing the manufacture of complex-shaped components. That is, based on the flexibility and scalability of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials and the active adaptive actuation generated by shape memory function and actuation function, combined with the geometric shape information of the complex shape target body itself, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can force the sheet blank to deform to adapt and fit the complex shape target body, thereby mechanically cloning and imparting the geometric shape information of the complex shape target body to the sheet blank, thereby transforming the shape of the sheet blank into a complex geometric shape, realizing the manufacture of complex shape components, replacing the method of transforming simple shape blanks or granular blanks into components with complex shapes and structures using specialized, complex and bulky equipment used in traditional manufacturing and additive manufacturing, thereby avoiding dependence on specialized, complex and bulky mechanical equipment.

[0104] Since this method first uses a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the form of a bent rod as a flexible actuator and a flexible adaptive body to force a blank to fit onto a component, replicate the geometric shape information of the component, and obtain an intermediate template, then uses the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial as a flexible actuator and a flexible adaptive body to force another blank to fit onto the intermediate template, replicate the information of the intermediate template, and thus mechanically clone the geometric shape information of the component stored in the intermediate template to the blank, transforming the blank into a component with the same shape as the original component without the need for special complex and bulky mechanical equipment, it is therefore called mechanical cloning.

[0105] In addition, the function of shape memory alloys is achieved by the transformation of the phase structure of shape memory alloys, and the transformation of the phase structure of shape memory alloys is controlled by temperature and stress. Therefore, by applying stress or temperature, the performance of shape memory alloys and their functional transformation can be controlled. On the other hand, by measuring the temperature of shape memory alloys through infrared non-contact thermometers or connecting shape memory alloys to thermocouples for real-time temperature measurement, the process of shape memory alloy phase transformation can be judged and determined. Therefore, the operation and control are simple and easy, and no complex instruments are required.

[0106] The specific implementation steps and implementation methods of the present invention are further described in conjunction with the accompanying drawings.

[0107] Step 1: Preparation of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials

[0108] The lattice structure and parameters of the lattice metamaterial are designed to provide sufficient force, while the deformation is controlled within the range of the recoverable deformation of the shape memory alloy. Therefore, there are two forms of lattice metamaterials. One is a lattice structure using curved rods (bent rods) (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 As shown in the figure), rather than the usual straight rod truss structure, its deformation is dominated by the elongation and compression deformation of the curved rod, which can make the lattice metamaterial have large contraction and expansion deformation, while the strain of the shape memory alloy itself is small and controlled within the range of the recoverable deformation of the shape memory alloy; one is to use springs as the lattice support rod structure (as shown in the figure). Figure 3 and Figure 4 As shown in FIG, the spring-shaped structure can also enable the lattice metamaterial to have large contraction and expansion deformations, while the strain of the shape memory alloy itself is small and controlled within the range of the recoverable deformation of the shape memory alloy.

[0109] After the lattice structure is designed, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is prepared. The shape memory alloy material used can be nickel-titanium shape memory alloy, copper-based shape memory alloy (such as Cu-Zn-Al shape memory alloy and Cu-Al-Ni shape memory alloy) and high-temperature shape memory alloy (such as Ti-Ni-Pd high-temperature shape memory alloy and Ti-Ni-Hf high-temperature shape memory alloy), etc. According to the shape and size of the designed lattice unit structure, a single lattice unit cell or a support rod of the lattice unit cell is processed, and then, the single lattice unit cell or the support rod of the lattice unit cell is welded into the desired lattice metamaterial by welding.

[0110] Another method for preparing shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials is 3D printing (additive manufacturing). According to the shape and size of the designed lattice unit structure, the required lattice metamaterial is prepared by 3D printing (additive manufacturing).

[0111] Step 2: Initial energy storage

[0112] When applying shape memory alloys with one-way shape memory function:

[0113] First, residual stresses and the like during the preparation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are eliminated and the shape is fixed by a shaping heat treatment, thereby setting the original shape of the high-temperature austenite of the shape memory alloy matrix: the prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is placed in a heating furnace in a natural state without the need for mold constraints, heated to transform into a high-temperature austenite phase having the function of remembering the original geometric shape, and kept warm for a period of time to fix the shape and maintain the shape of the lattice metamaterial during preparation. In this way, residual stresses during the preparation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are eliminated and the original shape of the high-temperature austenite of the shape memory alloy matrix is ​​set. The geometric shape information of the original shape of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is remembered and stored by utilizing its shape memory function;

[0114] Then, energy is stored in the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial through compression deformation. The specific method and steps are as follows: the shaped shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a low-temperature martensite phase by cooling, and then deformed by external force, so that the shaped shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is compressed and deformed from its original shape to a temporary shape. At this time, the low-temperature martensite transforms from many martensite variants with different orientations to low-temperature martensite or martensite monomers with preferred orientations. When heated, it transforms into the parent phase high-temperature austenite, and the shape is restored from the temporary shape to the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite. This shape recovery process generates a restoring force. Therefore, the shaped shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is compressed and deformed from its original shape to a temporary shape, storing energy in it. When the shape returns to its original shape, this energy is released, thereby giving the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial an actuation function through compression deformation. The actuation and stored energy of the shape memory alloy are related to the deformation amount of the shape memory alloy. The compression deformation amount is determined according to the specific application of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial.

[0115] After the above-mentioned shaping heat treatment, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is compressed and deformed into a temporary shape, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial becomes a flexible actuator with flexibility and scalability.

[0116] When applying shape memory alloys with two-way shape memory function:

[0117] First, residual stresses and the like during the preparation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are eliminated and the shape is fixed by a shaping heat treatment, thereby setting the original shape of the high-temperature austenite of the shape memory alloy matrix: the prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is placed in a heating furnace in a natural state without the need for mold constraints, heated to transform into a high-temperature austenite phase having the function of remembering the original geometric shape, and kept warm for a period of time to fix the shape and maintain the shape of the lattice metamaterial during preparation. In this way, residual stresses during the preparation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are eliminated and the original shape of the high-temperature austenite of the shape memory alloy matrix is ​​set. The geometric shape information of the original shape of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is remembered and stored by utilizing its shape memory function;

[0118] Secondly, the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase is set by a thermomechanical training method with constant deformation cyclic training under constraints:

[0119] (a) Fixing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial fixed to the original shape and heating it to above the complete phase transformation temperature of high-temperature austenite to transform it into the high-temperature austenite phase; (b) Compressing and deforming the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the high-temperature austenite phase to transform it into the desired temporary shape; (c) Keeping the deformation load unchanged, lowering the temperature of the shape memory alloy until the load applied to the shape memory alloy no longer decreases; (d) Keeping the deformation load unchanged, raising the temperature of the shape memory alloy until the load applied to the shape memory alloy no longer increases; (e) Repeating steps (c) and (d) until the loading force no longer changes, until the shape memory alloy can not only remember the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite, but also remember the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, forming a two-way shape memory function.

[0120] Storing the required energy in a two-way shape memory alloy involves cooling the alloy to transform the high-temperature austenite phase of the shaped shape memory alloy into a low-temperature martensite phase, transforming it from its original shape at high temperature to a temporary shape at low temperature. This shape change stores energy, which is then released when the shape returns to its original shape. This temperature-induced deformation allows the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to actuate. The actuation and stored energy of the shape memory alloy are related to the deformation of the shape memory alloy. The amount of compression deformation is determined based on the specific application of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial.

[0121] After the above-mentioned shaping heat treatment and thermo-mechanical treatment cycle training, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a compressed temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase by cooling, making the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial a flexible actuator with flexibility and stretchability.

[0122] When using shape memory alloys with two-way shape memory function, the shape memory alloys can automatically remember the original shape and temporary shape. Through temperature control, the shape conversion can be achieved, eliminating the need to use external force to force the shape memory alloy to deform into a temporary shape to store energy. It is easier to operate and more suitable for environments such as space.

[0123] Step 3: Assembly

[0124] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 6 shown).

[0125] Place the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 into the actuating frame 10, fix the support plate 8 to the actuating frame 10 and align it with the port of the actuating frame 10, then insert the heater 7 into the support plate 8, and then cover the plate blank 6 onto the actuating frame 10, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9, the support plate 8 and the heater 7.

[0126] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the actuation frame 1, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the component 4 and covered with a baffle 3. The baffle 3 is fixed to the component 4 together, and then the assembly of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is placed in the actuation frame 1 and covered on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1.

[0127] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2 - 2 , the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2 - 1 , the actuation frame 1 , the baffle 3 and the component 4 is aligned with the plate blank 6 and the assembled actuation frame 10 and closed.

[0128] The pressing plate 5 is fixed to the actuating frame 1 , and is made to press the plate blank 6 against the support plate 8 and the heater 7 .

[0129] Finally, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled and fixed together.

[0130] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled in a split manner. This is done to take into account the portability of carrying and transporting the components after disassembly, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility, while an integrated structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size and shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the integrated structure will no longer be applicable. If there is enough space for carrying and transport, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be adopted. Similarly, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 can adopt an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0131] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0132] Step 4: Heating to trigger the mechanical cloning process

[0133] After assembly, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its shape (e.g. Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown).

[0134] When heater 7 is powered on, heat is transferred to plate blank 6, softening it. Simultaneously, heat is transferred through plate blank 6, component 4, baffle 3, and actuating frame 1 to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1, which are in a state of compressed deformation and stored energy. This causes shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1 to recover their shapes and generate a restoring force. Shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is placed within component 4 and covered by baffle 3. Therefore, shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is located in a closed, fixed space. When shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 recovers its shape, it exerts pressure on component 4 and baffle 3, which helps to increase the stiffness of component 4. Therefore, the purpose of using shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 is to increase the stiffness of component 4 through the restoring force generated by its shape recovery. The amount of compression deformation of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is determined based on the strength of component 4 itself, ensuring that the restoring force of shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of component 4. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 recovers its shape and turns from a compressed deformed state to an expanded state, thereby generating a restoring force to push the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, they will compress the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10. At this time, heat is also transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9. Therefore, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will produce a shape recovery effect and generate a restoring force. This restoring force directly acts on the plate blank 6, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will force the softened plate blank 6 to actively adapt to the rigid object acting on it. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will force the softened plate blank 6 to actively adapt to the component 4, and finally, completely fit into the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened plate blank 6, and deforming the plate blank 6 into an intermediate template 11 (such as Figure 7 shown).

[0135] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to restore its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also use the method of insulating the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrapping it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, you can soften the blank and make the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heat up faster, triggering the shape recovery process faster.

[0136] Step 5: Store energy again

[0137] After the mechanical cloning process with the component 4 as the cloning target is completed, the plate blank 6 is deformed into the intermediate template 11. Then, the mechanical cloning process with the intermediate template 11 as the cloning target is carried out. For this purpose, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to external force-induced compression deformation or temperature-induced shape change to store energy.

[0138] Step 6: Reassemble

[0139] Reassembly process as Figure 8 shown.

[0140] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuating frame 19, and the intermediate template 11 obtained in step four is used as the rigid complex shape target object body that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial actively adapts to. The intermediate template 11 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 and fixed to the end of the actuating frame 19. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 will generate pressure to support the intermediate template 11 after shape recovery, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 is determined according to the strength of the intermediate template 11 itself, ensuring that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 does not exceed the strength of the intermediate template 11.

[0141] The support plate 18 is fixed to the actuating frame 19 and aligned with the end of the intermediate plate body 11 , and then the heater 17 is inserted into the support plate 18 , and then the plate blank 15 is covered on the actuating frame 19 , the support plate 18 and the heater 17 .

[0142] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 that stores energy after compression is placed in the actuation frame 13, and then the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 and the actuation frame 13 is aligned and closed with the assembly consisting of the intermediate template 11, the plate blank 15, the support plate 18, the heater 17 and the actuation frame 19.

[0143] The pressing plate 16 is fixed to the actuating frame 13 , and the plate blank 15 is pressed against the support plate 18 and the heater 17 by the pressing plate 16 .

[0144] Finally, the actuating frame 19 and the actuating frame 13 are assembled and fixed together.

[0145] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 16 and the actuating frame 13, and the supporting plate 18 and the actuating frame 19 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when they are disassembled for transportation, and secondly, the separate assembly structure has better versatility. In contrast, a one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will no longer be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 16 and the actuating frame 13 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 18 and the actuating frame 19 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a separate assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 19 and the actuating frame 13 can adopt either an integrated structure or a separate assembly structure.

[0146] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0147] Step 7: Heat again to trigger the mechanical cloning process

[0148] After assembly, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape from the compressed deformation state (e.g. Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown).

[0149] The heater 17 is powered on and heated, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 15, so that the plate blank 15 is softened. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 14 and 12 in a state of compressed deformation and energy storage through the plate blank 15 and the actuating frames 13 and 19, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 14 and 12 are restored to their original shapes from the compressed deformation state, generating a restoring force. The restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 12 acts on the intermediate template body 11, thereby enhancing the stiffness of the intermediate template body 11, and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 is restored from the compressed deformation state. The shape state is restored to its original shape, and expansion deformation occurs. The restoring force generated will force the softened plate blank 15 to deform, and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 will generate pressure on the plate blank 15, forcing the softened plate blank 15 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 and actively adapt to the intermediate template 11. Finally, it is completely attached to the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the intermediate template 11 to the softened plate blank 15, and deforming the plate blank 15 into a clone 20 of the component, cloning a component that is the same as the original component (such as Figure 9 shown).

[0150] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also use the method of insulating the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrapping it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster and the shape recovery process is triggered faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster, triggering the shape recovery process faster.

[0151] Regarding mechanically cloning and imparting the geometric shape information of the intermediate template to the softened blank, in addition to the previously mentioned active adaptive method of using flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials as flexible actuators and flexible adaptive bodies to directly act on the softened blank and force the softened blank to deform to adapt to and fit the intermediate template, that is, the first mechanical cloning method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, the specific process and method are as follows: Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 As shown, a flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can also be used as a flexible actuator to promote the movement of an intermediate template body that stores the geometric shape information of the component, and then the movement of the intermediate template body is used to force the softened blank to deform. At this time, it is necessary to mechanically clone and assign the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank twice to obtain two intermediate template bodies, and then, the flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator to promote the movement of one of the intermediate template bodies that stores the geometric shape information of the component, and then the movement of this intermediate template body is used to force the softened blank to deform until it fits into the other intermediate template body that stores the geometric shape information of the component. At this time, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank through the two intermediate template bodies, and a component identical to the original component is cloned, that is, the second mechanical cloning method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, the specific process and method are as follows. Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown, step one, prepare the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, step two, the initial energy storage, the same as the mechanical cloning method based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, the following is combined Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 , specifically describing the implementation of the remaining steps of the second mechanical cloning method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials:

[0152] Step 3: Assemble

[0153] First, the surface of one side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit, that is, the plate blank 6 is placed on the side of the outer surface of the component 4, and the mechanical cloning of the intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, after the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown), the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 is placed in the actuating frame 10, the support plate 8 is fixed to the actuating frame 10 and aligned with the port of the actuating frame 10, and then the heater 7 is inserted into the support plate 8, and then the plate blank 6 is covered on the actuating frame 10, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9, the support plate 8 and the heater 7;

[0154] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the actuation frame 1, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the component 4 and covered with a baffle 3. The baffle 3 and the component 4 are fixed together. Then, an assembly composed of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is placed into the actuation frame 1 and covered on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1; the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is in a closed cavity formed by the baffle 3 and the component 4. The purpose of using the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is restored. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4;

[0155] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2, 2-1, the actuation frame 1, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is aligned with the assembled actuation frame 10 and closed;

[0156] The pressing plate 5 is fixed to the actuating frame 1 , and is made to press the plate blank 6 against the support plate 8 and the heater 7 .

[0157] Finally, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled and fixed together.

[0158] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled in a split manner. This is done to take into account the portability of carrying and transporting the components after disassembly, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility, while an integrated structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size and shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the integrated structure will not be applicable. If there is enough space for carrying and transport, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 can adopt an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0159] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0160] Step 4: heating to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain the intermediate template.

[0161] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its shape (e.g. Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown).

[0162] The heater 7 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 6, causing the plate blank 6 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1, which are in a state of compression deformation and energy storage, through the plate blank 6, the component 4, the baffle 3 and the actuating frame 1, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1 can recover their shapes and generate a restoring force. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is placed in the component 4 and is covered by the baffle 3. Therefore, when the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 recovers its shape, it will generate pressure on the component 4 and the baffle 3, which is beneficial to improve the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to improve the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is recovered. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 pushes the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10 is compressed. At this time, heat is also transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9. Therefore, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will produce a shape recovery effect, and through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, it will actively adapt to act on the plate blank 6, forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 and actively adapt to the component 4. Finally, it will completely fit the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 6 into an intermediate template 11 (such as Figure 11 shown);

[0163] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also insulate the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrap it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened, the temperature of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can be faster, and the shape recovery process can be triggered faster.

[0164] Then, the component 4 is still used as the rigid complex shape target object for active self-adaptation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, but the other side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit. That is, the plate blank 23 is placed on the inner surface of the component 4, and mechanical cloning of another intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown.

[0165] Step five, storing energy again through deformation, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial stores energy again through compression deformation or by cooling to induce shape change to make it actuable, and transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable active adaptive actuator.

[0166] Step 6: Assemble again.

[0167] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 12 As shown); placing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 that stores energy after deformation in the actuation frame 28, and placing the component 4 on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 and fixing it to the end of the actuation frame 28. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 will generate pressure to support the component 4 after the shape is restored, thereby increasing the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself, ensuring that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 does not exceed the strength of the component 4;

[0168] Fix the support plate 26 to the actuating frame 28 and align it with the end of the component 4, then insert the heater 25 into the support plate 26, and then cover the plate blank 23 onto the actuating frame 28, the support plate 26 and the heater 25;

[0169] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 that stores energy after compression is placed in the actuation frame 21, and then the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and the actuation frame 21 is aligned and closed with the assembly consisting of the component 4, the plate blank 23, the support plate 26, the heater 25 and the actuation frame 28;

[0170] Fix the pressing plate 24 to the actuating frame 21 and use the pressing plate 24 to press the plate blank 23 into contact with the support plate 26 and the heater 25;

[0171] Finally, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled and fixed together.

[0172] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when disassembled for transportation, and also because the separate assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a separate assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 can adopt either an integrated structure or a separate assembly structure.

[0173] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0174] Step 7: Heat again to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain another intermediate template.

[0175] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover from the compressive deformation state to its original shape (e.g. Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown).

[0176] The heater 25 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 23, causing the plate blank 23 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 in a state of compressive deformation and energy storage through the plate blank 23 and the actuating frames 21 and 28, prompting the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 to recover from the compressive deformation state to the original shape, generating a restoring force. The restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 acts on the component 4, enhancing the stiffness of the component 4. The restoring force generated during the expansion process of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 recovering from the compressive deformation state to the original shape will force the softened plate blank 23 to deform, forcing the softened plate blank 23 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and actively adapt and fit to the component 4. Finally, it is completely fitted to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component 4 to the softened blank 23, and deforming the plate blank 23 into the geometric shape of the component to obtain the intermediate template 29 (such as Figure 13 shown).

[0177] Step eight, storing energy through deformation for the third time, storing energy again through compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial or through temperature-induced shape change to make it actuable, and transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable active adaptive actuator.

[0178] Step 9, the third assembly,

[0179] After obtaining the two intermediate templates, intermediate template 11 and intermediate template 29, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator to push one intermediate template to move, and then the movement of the intermediate template forces the softened blank to deform so as to adapt to and fit the other intermediate template. Finally, through the two intermediate templates, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank, and a component identical to the original component is cloned. The specific process and method are as follows. Figure 14 and Figure 15 As shown:

[0180] The obtained intermediate template 11 is used as a flexible actuator of a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to push the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the rigid complex-shaped target object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuating frame 40, and the intermediate template 11 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 and fixed to the end of the actuating frame 40. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 will generate pressure to support the intermediate template 11 when the shape is restored and expanded, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is determined according to the strength of the intermediate template 11 itself, ensuring that the recovery force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 does not exceed the strength of the intermediate template 11.

[0181] The support plate 38 is fixed to the actuating frame 40 and aligned with the end of the intermediate plate body 11 , and then the heater 37 is inserted into the support plate 38 . The plate blank 35 is then covered onto the actuating frame 40 , the support plate 38 and the heater 37 .

[0182] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the actuation frame 31, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the intermediate plate 29. A baffle 34 is placed over the intermediate plate 29, and the baffle 34 is fixed to the intermediate plate 29. Then, an assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33, baffle 34, and intermediate plate 29 is placed into the actuation frame 31 and placed over the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32. When the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers and expands, it generates pressure acting on the baffle 34 and the intermediate plate 29, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29. The purpose of using the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29.

[0183] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 , the actuating frame 31 , the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 is aligned and closed with the assembled actuating frame 40 .

[0184] The pressing plate 36 is fixed to the actuating frame 31 , and the plate blank 35 is pressed against the support plate 38 and the heater 37 by the pressing plate 36 .

[0185] Finally, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled and fixed together.

[0186] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when they are disassembled for transportation, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 can adopt either an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0187] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0188] Step 10: The third heating triggers the mechanical cloning process to obtain a clone of the component.

[0189] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its original shape from the compressive deformation state (e.g. Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown).

[0190] When heater 37 is powered on, heat is transferred to plate blank 35, softening it. Simultaneously, heat is transferred through plate blank 35, intermediate plate body 29, baffle 34, and actuation frame 31 to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33, which are in a compressed, deformed, and energy-storing state. This causes shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 to recover their shape and generate a restoring force. Shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is positioned within intermediate plate body 29 and covered by baffle 34. Therefore, when shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers its shape, it exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 29 and baffle 34, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 29. At this time, heat is also transferred to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 within actuation frame 40. Consequently, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 undergoes a shape recovery effect, expanding and deforming, generating a restoring force that exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 11, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 11. At the same time, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 produces a shape recovery effect, expands and deforms, and generates a restoring force to push the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, and then forces the softened plate blank 35 to deform through the movement of the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29. As the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 continues to recover its shape and expands and deforms, it pushes the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, causing the softened plate blank 35 to continue to deform and gradually fully adapt to and fit the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 35 into a component 41. Component 41 is a clone of component 4, that is, a component identical to the original component is cloned (such as Figure 15 shown).

[0191] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also use the method of insulating the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrapping it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster and the shape recovery process is triggered faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster, triggering the shape recovery process faster. Specific embodiment 1

[0193] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is prepared by nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0194] The structural form of lattice metamaterial is a lattice metamaterial with a bent strut structure (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown).

[0195] Through shaping heat treatment, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is shaped and has a one-way shape memory function.

[0196] For ease of operation, the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature higher than the operating environment through a heat treatment specification. This allows the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to be in a low-temperature martensite phase, making it susceptible to deformation. Heating can easily trigger its transition to a high-temperature austenite phase, restoring its original shape. This embodiment operates at room temperature, so the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature 40-90 degrees Celsius above room temperature through a heat treatment specification.

[0197] In addition to nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The specific implementation of each component shown in is as follows.

[0198] Component 4 is a hemispherical aluminum alloy plate component with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm.

[0199] The blank 6 for the intermediate template of the mechanical cloning is a 1.5 mm thick aluminum alloy plate, and the blank 15 for the clone of the mechanical cloning component 4 is a 1.0 mm thick aluminum alloy plate.

[0200] The auxiliary assembly and fixing components, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 13, actuating frame 10, and actuating frame 19, can be made of materials such as 45 steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloy. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because they have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to heat retention and prevents heat loss from the blank and shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial when heated. For situations with weight requirements, such as when carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferentially selected. Titanium alloy not only has low thermal conductivity but also low density. For situations with space limitations, such as when being carried into space by a space-constrained aircraft, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 13, actuating frame 10, and actuating frame 19 can adopt a detachable combined assembly structure. For example, each surface of the frame can be processed separately and fixed together with bolts when in use. When not in use, it can be disassembled into a single plate, thereby saving space and being easy to carry.

[0201] The baffle 3 can be made of materials such as 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy. Since the heat of the heater 7 needs to be transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial as quickly as possible, the baffle 3 needs to be made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy is better than that of stainless steel and titanium alloy.

[0202] The support plate 8, the pressure plate 5, the support plate 18, and the pressure plate 16 can be made of 45 steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy and other materials. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because stainless steel and titanium alloy have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to retaining heat and preventing heat loss during heating by the heater. For situations with weight requirements, such as carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferentially selected because titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity and low density.

[0203] Holes are machined inside the support plates 8 and 18 , and the heating rods 7 and 17 are inserted into the holes inside the support plates 8 and 18 .

[0204] The inner walls of actuation frames 1, 13, 10, and 19 are covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. This reduces the friction between the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal frame when the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial recovers its shape. To avoid friction between the struts of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial itself, the pores of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are also filled with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. The surface of the sheet material is also covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm, thereby reducing the friction between the sheet material and the component or shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. To prevent the graphite paper from being damaged or broken due to scratching, multiple layers of graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm can be covered.

[0205] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by inducing deformation through external force, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 6 shown).

[0206] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0207] After assembly, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover from the compressed deformation state to the original shape, thereby causing expansion deformation and generating a restoring force (such as Figure 6 and Figure 7As shown). The shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-1 pushes the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move by the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is restored, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10 is compressed. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will recover from the compressed deformation state to the original shape, and then expand and deform and generate a restoring force, actively adapting to the component 4, generating pressure on the plate blank 6, forcing the softened plate blank 6 to follow the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 to actively adapt to the component 4, and finally, completely fit to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank 6, and deforming the plate blank 6 into the intermediate template 11 (as shown). Figure 7 shown).

[0208] After the mechanical cloning process with the component as the rigid complex shape target body is completed, the plate blank 6 is deformed into the intermediate template body 11, and then the mechanical cloning process with the intermediate template body 11 as the rigid complex shape target body is carried out. For this purpose, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is again subjected to external force-induced compression deformation to store energy.

[0209] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has stored energy, it is assembled again (e.g. Figure 8 shown).

[0210] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0211] After the assembly is completed, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover from the compressed state to its original shape (such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown).

[0212] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 produces a shape recovery effect and expands and deforms. The restoring force generated will force the softened plate blank 15 to deform. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 will generate pressure on the plate blank 15 through shape recovery through expansion, forcing the softened plate blank 15 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 and actively adapt to the intermediate template 11. Finally, it is completely attached to the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the intermediate template 11 to the softened plate blank 15, and deforming the plate blank 15 into a clone 20 of the component, cloning a component that is the same as the original component.

[0213] For this embodiment, in addition to using a flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to directly act on the softened blank and force the softened blank to deform to adapt to and fit the intermediate template in an active adaptive manner, a method of cloning a component identical to the original component is used, that is, the mechanical cloning method one based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, the flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can also be used as a flexible actuator to push the intermediate template that stores the geometric shape information of the component to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform. At this time, it is necessary to mechanically clone and assign the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank twice to obtain two intermediate templates. Then, the flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used to push one of the intermediate templates that stores the geometric shape information of the component to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform until it fits the other intermediate template that stores the geometric shape information of the component. At this time, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank through the two intermediate templates, thereby cloning a component identical to the original component, that is, the mechanical cloning method two based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. The specific process and method are as follows. Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown.

[0214] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is prepared by nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0215] The structural form of lattice metamaterial is a lattice metamaterial with a bent strut structure (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown).

[0216] Through shaping heat treatment, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is shaped and has a one-way shape memory function.

[0217] For ease of operation, the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature higher than the operating environment through a heat treatment specification. This allows the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to be in a low-temperature martensite phase, making it susceptible to deformation. Heating can easily trigger its transition to a high-temperature austenite phase, restoring its original shape. This embodiment operates at room temperature, so the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature 40-90 degrees Celsius above room temperature through a heat treatment specification.

[0218] In addition to nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15The specific implementation of each component shown in is as follows.

[0219] Component 4 is a hemispherical aluminum alloy plate component with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm.

[0220] The blanks 6 and 23 for the intermediate templates used for mechanical cloning are 1.5 mm thick aluminum alloy plates, and the blank 35 for the clones of the mechanical cloning components is 1.0 mm thick aluminum alloy plates.

[0221] The auxiliary assembly and fixing components, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 21, actuating frame 10, actuating frame 28, actuating frame 31, and actuating frame 40, can be made of materials such as 45 steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloy. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because they have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to heat retention and prevents heat loss from the blank and shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial when heated. For situations with weight requirements, such as when carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferably selected. Titanium alloy not only has low thermal conductivity but also low density. For situations with space limitations, such as when being carried into space by a space-constrained aircraft, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 12, actuating frame 10, actuating frame 28, actuating frame 31, and actuating frame 40 can adopt a detachable combined assembly structure. For example, each surface of the frame is processed separately and fixed together with bolts when in use. When not in use, it can be disassembled into a single plate, thereby saving space and facilitating portability.

[0222] Baffles 3 and 34 can be made of materials such as 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy. Because the heat from heaters 7, 25, and 37 needs to be transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial as quickly as possible, baffles 3 and 34 need to be made of materials with good thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy is better than that of stainless steel and titanium alloy.

[0223] The support plate 8, the pressure plate 5, the support plate 26, the pressure plate 24, the support plate 38, and the pressure plate 36 can be made of 45 steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy and other materials. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because stainless steel and titanium alloy have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to retaining heat and preventing heat loss during heating by the heater. For situations with weight requirements, such as carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferentially selected because titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity and low density.

[0224] Holes are machined inside the support plates 8 , 26 , and 38 , and the heaters 7 , 25 , and 37 are inserted into the holes inside the support plates 8 , 26 , and 38 , respectively.

[0225] The inner walls of actuation frames 1, 12, 10, 28, 31, and 40 are covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. This reduces the friction between the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal frame when the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial recovers its shape. To avoid friction between the rods of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial itself, the pores of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are also filled with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. The surface of the slab is also covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm, thereby reducing the friction between the slab and the component or shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. To prevent the graphite paper from being damaged or cracked due to scratching, multiple layers of graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm can be applied.

[0226] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by inducing deformation through external force, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 10 shown).

[0227] First, the surface of one side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit, that is, the plate blank 6 is placed on the side of the outer surface of the component 4, and the mechanical cloning of the intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, after the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown), the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 is placed into the actuating frame 10, the support plate 8 is fixed to the actuating frame 10 and aligned with the port of the actuating frame 10, and then the heater 7 is inserted into the support plate 8, and then the sheet blank 6 is covered onto the actuating frame 10, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9, the support plate 8 and the heater 7.

[0228] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the actuation frame 1, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the component 4 and covered with a baffle 3. The baffle 3 and the component 4 are fixed together. Then, the assembly of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is placed in the actuation frame 1 and covered on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1; the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is in the closed cavity formed by the baffle 3 and the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is restored. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4.

[0229] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2, 2-1, the actuation frame 1, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is aligned with the assembled actuation frame 10 and closed;

[0230] The pressing plate 5 is fixed to the actuating frame 1 , and is made to press the plate blank 6 against the support plate 8 and the heater 7 .

[0231] Finally, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled and fixed together.

[0232] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled in a split manner. This is done to take into account the portability of carrying and transporting the components after disassembly, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility, while an integrated structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size and shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the integrated structure will not be applicable. If there is enough space for carrying and transport, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 can adopt an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0233] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0234] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its shape (e.g. Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown).

[0235] The heater 7 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 6, causing the plate blank 6 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1, which are in a state of compression deformation and energy storage, through the plate blank 6, the component 4, the baffle 3 and the actuating frame 1, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1 can recover their shapes and generate a restoring force. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is placed in the component 4 and is covered by the baffle 3. Therefore, when the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 recovers its shape, it will generate pressure on the component 4 and the baffle 3, which is beneficial to improve the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to improve the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is recovered. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 pushes the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10 is compressed. At this time, heat is also transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9. Therefore, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will produce a shape recovery effect, and through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, it will actively adapt to act on the plate blank 6, forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 and actively adapt to the component 4. Finally, it is completely fitted to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 6 into an intermediate template 11 (such as Figure 11 shown).

[0236] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also insulate the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrap it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened, the temperature of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can be faster, and the shape recovery process can be triggered faster.

[0237] Then, the component 4 is still used as the target object for active self-adaptation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, but the other side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit. That is, the plate blank 23 is placed on the inner surface of the component 4, and mechanical cloning of another intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown.

[0238] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 12 As shown); the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuation frame 28, and the component 4 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 and fixed to the end of the actuation frame 28. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 will generate pressure to support the component 4 after the shape is restored, thereby increasing the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself, ensuring that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 does not exceed the strength of the component 4.

[0239] The support plate 26 is fixed to the actuating frame 28 and aligned with the end of the component 4 , and then the heater 25 is inserted into the support plate 26 , and then the plate blank 23 is covered on the actuating frame 28 , the support plate 26 and the heater 25 .

[0240] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 that stores energy after compression is placed in the actuation frame 21, and then the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and the actuation frame 21 is aligned and closed with the assembly consisting of the component 4, the plate blank 23, the support plate 26, the heater 25 and the actuation frame 28.

[0241] The pressing plate 24 is fixed to the actuating frame 21 , and the plate blank 23 is pressed against the support plate 26 and the heater 25 by the pressing plate 24 .

[0242] Finally, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled and fixed together.

[0243] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when disassembled for transportation, and also because the separate assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a separate assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 can adopt either an integrated structure or a separate assembly structure.

[0244] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0245] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover from the compressive deformation state to its original shape (e.g. Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown).

[0246] The heater 25 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 23, causing the plate blank 23 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 in a state of compressive deformation and energy storage through the plate blank 23 and the actuating frames 21 and 28, prompting the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 to recover from the compressive deformation state to the original shape, generating a restoring force. The restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 acts on the component 4, enhancing the stiffness of the component 4. The restoring force generated during the expansion process of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 recovering from the compressive deformation state to the original shape will force the softened plate blank 23 to deform, forcing the softened plate blank 23 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and actively adapt and fit to the component 4. Finally, it will completely fit to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component 4 to the softened blank 23, deforming the plate blank 23 into the geometric shape of the component, and obtaining the intermediate template 29 (such as Figure 13 shown).

[0247] After obtaining the two intermediate templates, intermediate template 11 and intermediate template 29, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as an actuator to push one intermediate template to move, and the movement of the intermediate template forces the softened blank to deform so as to adapt to and fit the other intermediate template. Finally, through the two intermediate templates, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank, and a component identical to the original component is cloned. The specific process and method are as follows. Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown.

[0248] The obtained intermediate template 11 is used as a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial actuator to push the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the target object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuating frame 40. The intermediate template 11 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 and fixed to the end of the actuating frame 40. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 will generate pressure to support the intermediate template 11 when the shape is restored and expanded, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is determined according to the strength of the intermediate template 11 itself, ensuring that the recovery force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 does not exceed the strength of the intermediate template 11.

[0249] The support plate 38 is fixed to the actuating frame 40 and aligned with the end of the intermediate plate body 11 , and then the heater 37 is inserted into the support plate 38 . The plate blank 35 is then covered onto the actuating frame 40 , the support plate 38 and the heater 37 .

[0250] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the actuation frame 31, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the intermediate plate 29. A baffle 34 is placed over the intermediate plate 29, and the baffle 34 is fixed to the intermediate plate 29. Then, an assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33, baffle 34, and intermediate plate 29 is placed into the actuation frame 31 and placed over the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32. When the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers and expands, it generates pressure acting on the baffle 34 and the intermediate plate 29, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29. The purpose of using the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29.

[0251] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 , the actuating frame 31 , the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 is aligned and closed with the assembled actuating frame 40 .

[0252] The pressing plate 36 is fixed to the actuating frame 31 , and the plate blank 35 is pressed against the support plate 38 and the heater 37 by the pressing plate 36 .

[0253] Finally, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled and fixed together.

[0254] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when they are disassembled for transportation, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 can adopt either an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0255] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0256] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its original shape from the compressive deformation state (e.g. Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown).

[0257] When heater 37 is powered on, heat is transferred to plate blank 35, softening it. Simultaneously, heat is transferred through plate blank 35, intermediate plate body 29, baffle 34, and actuation frame 31 to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33, which are in a compressed, deformed, and energy-storing state. This causes shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 to recover their shape and generate a restoring force. Shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is positioned within intermediate plate body 29 and covered by baffle 34. Therefore, when shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers its shape, it exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 29 and baffle 34, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 29. At this time, heat is also transferred to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 within actuation frame 40. Consequently, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 undergoes a shape recovery effect, expanding and deforming, generating a restoring force that exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 11, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 11. At the same time, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 produces a shape recovery effect, expands and deforms, and generates a restoring force to push the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, and then forces the softened plate blank 35 to deform through the movement of the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29. As the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 continues to recover its shape and expands and deforms, it pushes the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, causing the softened plate blank 35 to continue to deform and gradually fully adapt to and fit the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 35 into a component 41. Component 41 is a clone of component 4, that is, a component identical to the original component is cloned (such as Figure 15 shown).

[0258] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also use the method of insulating the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrapping it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster and the shape recovery process is triggered faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster, triggering the shape recovery process faster. Specific embodiment 2

[0260] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is prepared by nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0261] The structural form of lattice metamaterial is a lattice metamaterial with a bent strut structure (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2shown).

[0262] Through shaping heat treatment and thermomechanical treatment training, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has a two-way shape memory function. The specific process and method are as follows:

[0263] The prepared nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to a shaping heat treatment to shape it back to the original shape of the parent phase at a high-temperature austenite state;

[0264] The temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase is then set by a thermomechanical training method using constant deformation cyclic training under constraints:

[0265] (a) Fixing the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that has been shaped into its original shape, heating it to above the complete phase transformation temperature of high-temperature austenite, and transforming it into the high-temperature austenite phase; (b) compressing and deforming the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the high-temperature austenite phase, and deforming it into the desired temporary shape; (c) keeping the deformation load unchanged, lowering the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy until the load applied to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy no longer decreases; (d) keeping the deformation load unchanged, raising the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy until the load applied to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy no longer increases; (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) until the loading force no longer changes, until the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy can remember not only the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite, but also the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, thereby forming a two-way shape memory function.

[0266] Thus, compared to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in its parent phase, which is in a high-temperature austenite state, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in its low-temperature martensite phase is in a compressive deformation state. When heated, its shape recovers and expands, exerting pressure on the rigid and complex-shaped target object.

[0267] For ease of operation, the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature higher than the operating environment through a heat treatment specification. This allows the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to be in a low-temperature martensite phase, making it susceptible to deformation. Heating can easily trigger its transition to a high-temperature austenite phase, restoring its original shape. This embodiment operates at room temperature, so the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature 40-90 degrees Celsius above room temperature through a heat treatment specification.

[0268] In addition to nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, Figure 6 、 Figure 7 、 Figure 8 and Figure 9 The specific implementation of each component shown in is as follows.

[0269] Component 4 is a hemispherical TA1 pure titanium plate component with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm.

[0270] The plate blank 6 for the intermediate template of the mechanical cloning is a 1.5 mm thick TA1 pure titanium plate, and the plate blank 15 for the clone of the mechanical cloning component 4 is a 1.0 mm thick TA1 pure titanium plate.

[0271] The auxiliary assembly and fixing components, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 13, actuating frame 10, and actuating frame 19, can be made of materials such as 45 steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloy. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because they have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to heat retention and prevents heat loss of the blank and shape memory alloy metamaterial when heated. For situations with weight requirements, such as when carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferred. Titanium alloy not only has low thermal conductivity but also low density. For situations with space limitations, such as when being carried into space by a space-limited aircraft, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 13, actuating frame 10, and actuating frame 19 can adopt an assembled structure form, such as each surface of the frame is processed separately and fixed together with bolts when in use. When not in use, it can be disassembled into a single plate, thereby saving space and being easy to carry.

[0272] The baffle 3 can be made of materials such as 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy. Since the heat of the heater 7 needs to be transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial as quickly as possible, the baffle 3 needs to be made of a material with good thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy is better than that of stainless steel and titanium alloy.

[0273] The support plate 8, the pressure plate 5, the support plate 18, and the pressure plate 16 can be made of 45 steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy and other materials. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because stainless steel and titanium alloy have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to retaining heat and preventing heat loss during heating by the heater. For situations with weight requirements, such as carrying into space, titanium alloy can be given priority because titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity and low density.

[0274] Holes are machined inside the support plates 8 and 18 , and the heating rods 7 and 17 are inserted into the holes inside the support plates 8 and 18 .

[0275] The inner walls of actuation frames 1, 13, 10, and 19 are covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. This reduces the friction between the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal frame when the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial recovers its shape. To avoid friction between the struts of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial itself, the pores of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are also filled with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. The surface of the sheet material is also covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm, thereby reducing the friction between the sheet material and the component or shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. To prevent the graphite paper from being damaged or broken due to scratches, multiple layers of graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm can be applied.

[0276] Since shape memory alloys have a two-way shape memory function, when the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is cooled to room temperature, its shape will be deformed from its original shape to a temporary shape in the low-temperature martensite phase state. After storing energy through this temperature-induced shape change, assembly is performed (such as Figure 6 shown).

[0277] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0278] After assembly, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover from the compressed state to its original shape (e.g. Figure 6 and Figure 7 shown).

[0279] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 pushes the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10 is compressed, and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 begins to recover from the compressed state to the original shape, which will produce a shape recovery effect, expand and deform, and generate a restoring force, forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 and actively adapt to the component 4. Finally, it is completely fitted to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank 6, and deforming the plate blank 6 into the intermediate template 11.

[0280] After the mechanical cloning process with component 4 as the rigid complex shape target body is completed, the plate blank 6 is deformed into the intermediate template body 11, and then the mechanical cloning process with the intermediate template body 11 as the rigid complex shape target body will be started. For this purpose, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-temperature-induced to change its shape to store energy. Since the shape memory alloy has a two-way shape memory function, when the heating-triggered mechanical cloning process is completed and the temperature gradually drops to room temperature, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will be deformed from the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite when heated to a temporary shape in the low-temperature martensite phase state. After storing energy through this temperature-induced shape change, it is assembled again (such as Figure 8 shown).

[0281] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0282] After the assembly is completed, heating is performed to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover from the compressed state to its original shape (such as Figure 8 and Figure 9 shown).

[0283] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 recovers from the compressed state to its original shape and expands in shape. The restoring force generated will force the softened plate blank 15 to deform. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 will generate pressure on the plate blank 15, forcing the softened plate blank 15 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 14 and actively adapt to the intermediate template 11. Finally, it will completely fit onto the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the intermediate template 11 to the softened plate blank 15, deforming the plate blank 15 into a clone 20 of the component, and cloning a component identical to the original component.

[0284] For this embodiment, in addition to using a flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to directly act on the softened blank and force the softened blank to deform to adapt to and fit the intermediate template in an active adaptive manner, a method of cloning a component identical to the original component is used, that is, the mechanical cloning method one based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, the flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can also be used as a flexible actuator to push the intermediate template that stores the geometric shape information of the component to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform. At this time, it is necessary to mechanically clone and assign the geometric shape information of the component to the softened blank twice to obtain two intermediate templates. Then, the flexible shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used to push one of the intermediate templates that stores the geometric shape information of the component to move, thereby forcing the softened blank to deform until it fits the other intermediate template that stores the geometric shape information of the component. At this time, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank through the two intermediate templates, thereby cloning a component identical to the original component, that is, the mechanical cloning method two based on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. The specific process and method are as follows. Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown.

[0285] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is prepared by nickel-titanium shape memory alloy.

[0286] The structural form of lattice metamaterial is a lattice metamaterial with a bent strut structure (such as Figure 1 and Figure 2 shown).

[0287] Through shaping heat treatment and thermomechanical treatment training, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has a two-way shape memory function. The specific process and method are as follows:

[0288] The prepared nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to a shaping heat treatment to shape it to the original shape of the parent phase in the high-temperature austenite state.

[0289] The temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase is then set by a thermomechanical training method using constant deformation cyclic training under constraints:

[0290] (a) Fixing the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that has been shaped into its original shape, heating it to above the complete phase transformation temperature of high-temperature austenite, and transforming it into the high-temperature austenite phase; (b) compressing and deforming the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the high-temperature austenite phase, and deforming it into the desired temporary shape; (c) keeping the deformation load unchanged, lowering the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy until the load applied to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy no longer decreases; (d) keeping the deformation load unchanged, raising the temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy until the load applied to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy no longer increases; (e) repeating steps (c) and (d) until the loading force no longer changes, until the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy can remember not only the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite, but also the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, thereby forming a two-way shape memory function.

[0291] Thus, compared to the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in its parent phase, which is in a high-temperature austenite state, the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in its low-temperature martensite phase is in a compressive deformation state. When heated, its shape recovers, expanding and exerting pressure on the target object.

[0292] For ease of operation, the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature higher than the operating environment through a heat treatment specification. This allows the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy to be in a low-temperature martensite phase, making it susceptible to deformation. Heating can easily trigger its transition to a high-temperature austenite phase, restoring its original shape. This embodiment operates at room temperature, so the phase transition temperature of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is adjusted to a temperature 40-90 degrees Celsius above room temperature through a heat treatment specification.

[0293] In addition to nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials, Figure 10 、 Figure 11 、 Figure 12 、 Figure 13 、 Figure 14 and Figure 15 The specific implementation of each component shown in is as follows.

[0294] Component 4 is a hemispherical TA1 pure titanium plate component with a wall thickness of 1.0 mm.

[0295] The plate blanks 6 and 23 used for the intermediate template of mechanical cloning are 1.5 mm thick TA1 pure titanium plates, and the plate blank 35 used for the clone of the mechanical cloning component is 1.0 mm thick TA1 pure titanium plate.

[0296] The auxiliary assembly and fixing components, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 21, actuating frame 10, actuating frame 28, actuating frame 31, and actuating frame 40, can be made of materials such as 45 steel, stainless steel, and titanium alloy. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because they have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to heat retention and prevents heat loss from the blank and shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial when heated. For situations with weight requirements, such as when carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferably selected. Titanium alloy not only has low thermal conductivity but also low density. For situations with space limitations, such as when being carried into space by a space-constrained aircraft, actuating frame 1, actuating frame 12, actuating frame 10, actuating frame 28, actuating frame 31, and actuating frame 40 can adopt a detachable combined assembly structure. For example, each surface of the frame is processed separately and fixed together with bolts when in use. When not in use, it can be disassembled into a single plate, thereby saving space and facilitating portability.

[0297] Baffles 3 and 34 can be made of materials such as 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy. Because the heat from heaters 7, 25, and 37 needs to be transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial as quickly as possible, baffles 3 and 34 need to be made of materials with good thermal conductivity. The thermal conductivity of 45 steel and high-strength copper alloy is better than that of stainless steel and titanium alloy.

[0298] The support plate 8, the pressure plate 5, the support plate 26, the pressure plate 24, the support plate 38, and the pressure plate 36 can be made of 45 steel, stainless steel, titanium alloy and other materials. Preferably, stainless steel and titanium alloy are selected because stainless steel and titanium alloy have low thermal conductivity, which is conducive to retaining heat and preventing heat loss during heating by the heater. For situations with weight requirements, such as carrying into space, titanium alloy can be preferentially selected because titanium alloy has low thermal conductivity and low density.

[0299] Holes are machined inside the support plates 8 , 26 , and 38 , and the heaters 7 , 25 , and 37 are inserted into the holes inside the support plates 8 , 26 , and 38 , respectively.

[0300] The inner walls of actuation frames 1, 12, 10, 28, 31, and 40 are covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. This reduces the friction between the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal frame when the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial recovers its shape. To avoid friction between the rods of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial itself, the pores of the nickel-titanium shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial are also filled with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm. The surface of the slab is also covered with graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm, thereby reducing the friction between the slab and the component or shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. To prevent the graphite paper from being damaged or cracked due to scratching, multiple layers of graphite paper having a thickness of 0.1 mm can be applied.

[0301] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by inducing deformation through external force, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 10 shown).

[0302] First, the surface of one side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit, that is, the plate blank 6 is placed on the side of the outer surface of the component 4, and the mechanical cloning of the intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 10 and Figure 11 As shown, after the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (as shown in FIG. Figure 10 As shown), the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 is placed into the actuating frame 10, the support plate 8 is fixed to the actuating frame 10 and aligned with the port of the actuating frame 10, and then the heater 7 is inserted into the support plate 8, and then the sheet blank 6 is covered onto the actuating frame 10, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9, the support plate 8 and the heater 7.

[0303] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the actuation frame 1, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed in the component 4 and covered with a baffle 3. The baffle 3 and the component 4 are fixed together. Then, the assembly of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2, the baffle 3 and the component 4 is placed in the actuation frame 1 and covered on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1; the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is in the closed cavity formed by the baffle 3 and the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is restored. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4.

[0304] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2 - 2 , 2 - 1 , the actuating frame 1 , the baffle 3 and the component 4 is aligned with the assembled actuating frame 10 and closed.

[0305] The pressing plate 5 is fixed to the actuating frame 1 , and is made to press the plate blank 6 against the support plate 8 and the heater 7 .

[0306] Finally, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled and fixed together.

[0307] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 are assembled in a split manner. This is done to take into account the portability of carrying and transporting the components after disassembly, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility, while an integrated structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size and shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the integrated structure will not be applicable. If there is enough space for carrying and transport, the pressing plate 5 and the actuating frame 1 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 8 and the actuating frame 10 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 1 and the actuating frame 10 can adopt an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0308] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0309] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its shape (e.g. Figure 10 and Figure 11 shown).

[0310] The heater 7 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 6, causing the plate blank 6 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1, which are in a state of compression deformation and energy storage, through the plate blank 6, the component 4, the baffle 3 and the actuating frame 1, so that the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 2-2 and 2-1 can recover their shapes and generate a restoring force. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is placed in the component 4 and is covered by the baffle 3. Therefore, when the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 recovers its shape, it will generate pressure on the component 4 and the baffle 3, which is beneficial to improve the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is to improve the stiffness of the component 4 through the restoring force generated by its expansion when its shape is recovered. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself to ensure that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-2 does not exceed the strength of the component 4. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 2-1 pushes the baffle 3 and the component 4 to move through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, thereby forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform. When the baffle 3, the component 4 and the plate blank 6 move together, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 in the actuating frame 10 is compressed. At this time, heat is also transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9. Therefore, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 will produce a shape recovery effect, and through the restoring force generated by its expansion during shape recovery, it will actively adapt to act on the plate blank 6, forcing the softened plate blank 6 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 9 and actively adapt to the component 4. Finally, it is completely fitted to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 6 into an intermediate template 11 (such as Figure 11 shown).

[0311] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also insulate the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrap it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened, the temperature of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can be faster, and the shape recovery process can be triggered faster.

[0312] Then, the component 4 is still used as the target object for active self-adaptation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, but the other side of the component 4 is used as the target object for the softened blank to adapt and fit. That is, the plate blank 23 is placed on the inner surface of the component 4, and mechanical cloning of another intermediate template is performed, such as Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown.

[0313] After the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is pre-stored in energy by external force-induced deformation or temperature-induced deformation, it is assembled (e.g. Figure 12 As shown); the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuation frame 28, and the component 4 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 and fixed to the end of the actuation frame 28. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 will generate pressure to support the component 4 after the shape is restored, thereby increasing the stiffness of the component 4. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is to increase the stiffness of the component 4. The amount of compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 is determined according to the strength of the component 4 itself, ensuring that the restoring force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 does not exceed the strength of the component 4.

[0314] The support plate 26 is fixed to the actuating frame 28 and aligned with the end of the component 4 , and then the heater 25 is inserted into the support plate 26 , and then the plate blank 23 is covered on the actuating frame 28 , the support plate 26 and the heater 25 .

[0315] The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 that stores energy after compression is placed in the actuation frame 21, and then the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and the actuation frame 21 is aligned and closed with the assembly consisting of the component 4, the plate blank 23, the support plate 26, the heater 25 and the actuation frame 28.

[0316] The pressing plate 24 is fixed to the actuating frame 21 , and the plate blank 23 is pressed against the support plate 26 and the heater 25 by the pressing plate 24 .

[0317] Finally, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled and fixed together.

[0318] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when disassembled for transportation, and also because the separate assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 24 and the actuating frame 21 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 26 and the actuating frame 28 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a separate assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 21 and the actuating frame 28 can adopt either an integrated structure or a separate assembly structure.

[0319] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0320] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover from the compressive deformation state to its original shape (e.g. Figure 12 and Figure 13 shown).

[0321] The heater 25 is powered on for heating, and the heat is transferred to the plate blank 23, causing the plate blank 23 to soften. At the same time, the heat is transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 in a state of compressive deformation and energy storage through the plate blank 23 and the actuating frames 21 and 28, prompting the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 22 and 27 to recover from the compressive deformation state to the original shape, generating a restoring force. The restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 27 acts on the component 4, enhancing the stiffness of the component 4. The restoring force generated during the expansion process of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 recovering from the compressive deformation state to the original shape will force the softened plate blank 23 to deform, forcing the softened plate blank 23 to deform along with the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 22 and actively adapt and fit to the component 4. Finally, it will completely fit to the component 4, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component 4 to the softened blank 23, deforming the plate blank 23 into the geometric shape of the component, and obtaining the intermediate template 29 (such as Figure 13 shown).

[0322] After obtaining the two intermediate templates, intermediate template 11 and intermediate template 29, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as an actuator to push one intermediate template to move, and the movement of the intermediate template forces the softened blank to deform so as to adapt to and fit the other intermediate template. Finally, through the two intermediate templates, the geometric shape information of the component is completely mechanically cloned and assigned to the softened blank, and a component identical to the original component is cloned. The specific process and method are as follows. Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown.

[0323] The obtained intermediate template 11 is used as a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial actuator to push the softened blank to deform and adapt to and fit the target object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 that stores energy after deformation is placed in the actuating frame 40. The intermediate template 11 is placed on the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 and fixed to the end of the actuating frame 40. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 will generate pressure to support the intermediate template 11 when the shape is restored and expanded, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The purpose of applying the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate template 11. The compression deformation of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 is determined according to the strength of the intermediate template 11 itself, ensuring that the recovery force of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 does not exceed the strength of the intermediate template 11.

[0324] The support plate 38 is fixed to the actuating frame 40 and aligned with the end of the intermediate plate body 11 , and then the heater 37 is inserted into the support plate 38 . The plate blank 35 is then covered onto the actuating frame 40 , the support plate 38 and the heater 37 .

[0325] Then, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the actuation frame 31, and a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 that stores energy after compression deformation is placed into the intermediate plate 29. A baffle 34 is placed over the intermediate plate 29, and the baffle 34 is fixed to the intermediate plate 29. Then, an assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33, baffle 34, and intermediate plate 29 is placed into the actuation frame 31 and placed over the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32. When the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers and expands, it generates pressure acting on the baffle 34 and the intermediate plate 29, thereby increasing the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29. The purpose of using the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is to increase the stiffness of the intermediate plate 29.

[0326] Then, the assembly consisting of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 , the actuating frame 31 , the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 is aligned and closed with the assembled actuating frame 40 .

[0327] The pressing plate 36 is fixed to the actuating frame 31 , and the plate blank 35 is pressed against the support plate 38 and the heater 37 by the pressing plate 36 .

[0328] Finally, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled and fixed together.

[0329] In the embodiment described above, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 are assembled separately. This is done to take into account the portability of the components when they are disassembled for transportation, and secondly, the split assembly structure has better versatility. A one-piece structure can generally only be used to form components of a corresponding size or shape. When the size or structure changes, the frame will also change, and the one-piece structure will not be applicable. If there is sufficient space for transportation, the pressing plate 36 and the actuating frame 31 can be processed into an integrated structure, and the supporting plate 38 and the actuating frame 40 can be processed into an integrated structure. Otherwise, a split assembly structure can be used. Similarly, the actuating frame 31 and the actuating frame 40 can adopt either an integrated structure or a split assembly structure.

[0330] During the assembly process, graphite paper is filled in the pores of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to reduce friction; graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the baffle, frame and plate blank to reduce friction; graphite paper is also placed between the component and the plate blank to reduce friction.

[0331] After assembly, heating is applied to soften the sheet blank and trigger the shape memory alloy to recover its original shape from the compressive deformation state (e.g. Figure 14 and Figure 15 shown).

[0332] When heater 37 is powered on, heat is transferred to plate blank 35, softening it. Simultaneously, heat is transferred through plate blank 35, intermediate plate body 29, baffle 34, and actuation frame 31 to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33, which are in a compressed, deformed, and energy-storing state. This causes shape memory alloy lattice metamaterials 32 and 33 to recover their shape and generate a restoring force. Shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 is positioned within intermediate plate body 29 and covered by baffle 34. Therefore, when shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 33 recovers its shape, it exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 29 and baffle 34, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 29. At this time, heat is also transferred to shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 within actuation frame 40. Consequently, the compressed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 39 undergoes a shape recovery effect, expanding and deforming, generating a restoring force that exerts pressure on intermediate plate body 11, which helps increase the stiffness of intermediate plate body 11. At the same time, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 produces a shape recovery effect, expands and deforms, and generates a restoring force to push the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, and then forces the softened plate blank 35 to deform through the movement of the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29. As the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial 32 continues to recover its shape and expands and deforms, it pushes the baffle 34 and the intermediate template 29 to move, causing the softened plate blank 35 to continue to deform and gradually fully adapt to and fit the intermediate template 11, thereby mechanically cloning the geometric shape of the component to the softened blank, and deforming the plate blank 35 into a component 41. Component 41 is a clone of component 4, that is, a component identical to the original component is cloned (such as Figure 15 shown).

[0333] Regarding the method of triggering the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to recover its original shape by heating, in addition to heat conduction through heating the plate blank, you can also use the method of insulating the surface of the flexible heating wire and directly wrapping it around the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. By energizing and heating the heating wire, the heat is directly transferred to the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. In this way, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster and the shape recovery process is triggered faster. The third method is to heat the blank and directly heat the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to trigger the shape recovery of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and trigger the mechanical cloning process. In this way, the blank can be softened and the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial heats up faster, triggering the shape recovery process faster.

[0334] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present invention, and the scope of protection of the present invention is not limited thereto. Those skilled in the art may make various changes and modifications without departing from the spirit and scope of the present invention, and these changes and modifications will fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial, characterized in that: Utilizing the flexibility and scalability of the lattice structure of the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in the form of bent struts, as well as the actuating characteristics of generating restoring force during the shape recovery process after deformation due to its own shape memory function, the compressively deformed shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and the rigid complex-shaped object. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial will mechanically force the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the rigid complex-shaped object through the restoring force generated by the expansion process of its shape memory recovery and its own flexibility and scalability, thereby mechanically cloning and assigning the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object to the blank, realizing mechanical cloning of the geometric shape information of the rigid complex-shaped object. Based on this, the component is first used as the rigid complex-shaped target body for mechanical cloning to clone an intermediate template body, and then the intermediate template body is used as the rigid complex-shaped target body for mechanical cloning to clone a component identical to the original component.

2. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial can adopt two types of shape memory alloys: one is a shape memory alloy having only a one-way shape memory function, and the other is a shape memory alloy having a two-way shape memory function.

3. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has a lattice structure in the form of bent struts.

4. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 1 is characterized in that: Mechanical cloning of components can be performed in the following way: First, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator and flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and component, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component. The geometric shape information of the component is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, mechanically cloning an intermediate template body that stores the geometric shape information of the component. Then, the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator and a flexible adaptive body to act on the blank and the intermediate template, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the intermediate template. The geometric shape information of the intermediate template is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, cloning a component that is the same as the original component.

5. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 1, characterized in that: Mechanical cloning of components can be performed in the following two ways: First, a shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator and adaptive body to act on the blank and component, forcing the blank to deform and adapt to and fit the component. The component's geometric shape information is mechanically cloned and assigned to the blank, mechanically cloning two intermediate template bodies that store the component's geometric shape information. The difference between these two intermediate template bodies is that they fit the different surfaces of the component. Then, the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is used as a flexible actuator. The restoring force generated by the expansion process of its shape memory recovery drives an intermediate template to move, and then the intermediate template acts on the blank and forces the blank to deform. Finally, it is attached to another intermediate template. Through the two intermediate templates, a component identical to the original component is cloned.

6. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 4 is characterized in that: The method of cloning a component identical to the original component in the first embodiment includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. Shape memory alloys are prepared into lattice-structured metamaterials to make them flexible and scalable; Step 2: initial energy storage; Step 3: Assemble The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is used as a flexible and stretchable flexible actuator and flexible adaptive body, and is assembled and fixed together with the blank, the component, the auxiliary assembly and fixing parts, and the heating device; Step 4: heating to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain the intermediate template; Step 5: Store energy through deformation again. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-compressed and deformed or temperature-induced to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body; Step 6: Assemble again. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation is used as a flexible and stretchable flexible actuator and flexible adaptive body, and is assembled and fixed together with the blank, the intermediate template obtained in step 4, the auxiliary assembly and fixing components, and the heating device; Step seven: heating again to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain a clone of the component.

7. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 5, characterized in that: The second method of cloning a component identical to the original component includes the following steps: Step 1: Prepare shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial. Shape memory alloys are prepared into lattice-structured metamaterials to make them flexible and scalable; Step 2: initial energy storage; Step 3: Assemble Assembling and fixing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation with the blank, the component, the auxiliary assembly and fixing parts, and the heating device; Step 4: heating to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain the intermediate template; Step 5: Store energy through deformation again. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-stored through compression deformation or through temperature-induced shape change to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body; Step 6: Assemble again. Assembling and fixing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation with the blank, the component, the auxiliary assembly and fixing parts, and the heating device; Step 7: heating again to trigger the mechanical cloning process to obtain another intermediate template; Step 8: The third step is to store energy through deformation. The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is re-stored through compression deformation or through temperature-induced shape change to store energy, so that it has actuation properties, and the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is transformed into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body; Step 9, third assembly Assembling and fixing the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial that stores energy after compression deformation or temperature-induced deformation, the blank, the two intermediate templates obtained in steps 4 and 7, the auxiliary assembly and fixing components, and the heating device; Step 10: The third heating triggers the mechanical cloning process to obtain a clone of the component.

8. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial has pores filled with graphite paper, and graphite paper is placed between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the metal blank, and between the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial and the auxiliary assembly fixing tool.

9. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The auxiliary assembly and fixing components include an actuating frame, a pressure plate, and a support plate. The actuating frame, the pressure plate, and the support plate are assembled and fixed together to enclose the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial in a closed space, constrain and fix the blank, assemble and fix the heating device, and guide the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to expand toward the blank, forcing the blank to deform.

10. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: The components and intermediate template bodies use the restoring force generated by the shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial to increase their rigidity when driving the blank to deform or when the deformed blank is attached to them, ensuring that the components and intermediate template bodies themselves will not deform when driving the blank to deform or when the deformed blank is attached to them.

11. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: When the one-way shape memory alloy is used for the initial energy storage, the energy storage process is as follows: The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is subjected to shaping heat treatment to fix its shape and possess one-way shape memory function, and then subjected to compression deformation. Energy is stored through this external force-induced deformation, making it actuable, and transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body.

12. The mechanical cloning manufacturing method based on shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial according to claim 6 or 7, characterized in that: When the two-way shape memory alloy is used for the initial energy storage, the energy storage process is as follows: The prepared shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial is first subjected to a shaping heat treatment to fix it and remember the original shape of the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase. It is then compressed and deformed into a temporary shape and subjected to thermomechanical training of heating and cooling under constrained conditions to remember the temporary shape of the low-temperature martensite phase, thereby having a two-way shape memory function. It is then cooled from the parent phase high-temperature austenite phase to the low-temperature martensite phase to deform its shape from the original shape to the temporary shape. Energy is stored through this temperature-induced deformation to make it actuable, thereby transforming the flexible and stretchable shape memory alloy lattice metamaterial into a flexible and stretchable flexible actuating body and a flexible adaptive body.

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