An automated convenient extruder for cable manufacturing

Abstract

This invention discloses an automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing, relating to the field of power cable technology. It includes a frame, a barrel mounted on top of the frame, a base mounted at one end of the barrel, an impeller rotatably mounted inside the base, a material cylinder mounted on the top of the outer curved surface of the barrel, a bent pipe connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the material cylinder, a cavity formed in the side wall of the material cylinder, and a shaft rotatably mounted inside the material cylinder. This invention can recover and utilize the heat emitted from the molten raw material through multiple conversions, promoting more efficient and stable solidification and shaping of the molten material, indirectly saving water for cooling, making the processing more environmentally friendly. It can achieve synchronous preheating of raw material particles without consuming external energy, reducing energy consumption, improving the energy-saving performance of the extruder, ensuring sufficient melting of raw material particles, improving melting uniformity, making the extrusion volume more stable, and improving the accuracy of the molding dimensions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] This invention relates to the field of power cable technology, specifically to an automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing. Background Technology

[0002] The extruder is one of the core pieces of equipment used in the cable manufacturing process. A new type of cable extruder has been disclosed in Chinese patent application number CN202022332592.0. This extruder avoids filter clogging, improves filtration efficiency, protects operators from harmful gases, ensures the health of operators, and saves operators the time spent disassembling and assembling the device before cleaning it, making cleaning more convenient and faster for operators and improving their work efficiency.

[0003] However, current extruders lack an effective energy recovery and utilization mechanism during the raw material extrusion molding process. They consume a large amount of cooling water, causing water pollution and waste. Furthermore, the solidification and shaping of molten materials is not timely and effective enough, making the materials prone to deformation and damage due to untimely solidification. At the same time, external energy is required for the preheating of raw materials, and the unstable connection of the preheating process can cause fluctuations in the raw material extrusion volume, which not only affects the molding quality but also increases the motor load. Summary of the Invention

[0004] This invention provides an automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing, which effectively solves the problems mentioned in the background art. Current extruders lack an effective energy recovery mechanism during the raw material extrusion molding process, requiring a large amount of cooling water, causing water pollution and waste. Furthermore, the solidification and shaping of the molten material is not timely and effective, making the material prone to deformation and damage due to untimely solidification. Additionally, external energy is required for raw material preheating, which can lead to fluctuations in the extrusion volume due to unstable preheating processes, affecting molding quality and increasing motor load.

[0005] To achieve the above objectives, the present invention provides the following technical solution: an automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing, comprising a frame, a barrel mounted on the top of the frame, and a waste heat return mechanism mounted on the outside of the barrel;

[0006] The waste heat recirculation mechanism includes a base;

[0007] A base is installed at one end of the barrel, an impeller is rotatably installed inside the base, a material cylinder is installed at the top of the outer curved surface of the barrel, a bent pipe is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the material cylinder, a cavity is opened in the side wall of the material cylinder, a shaft is rotatably installed inside the material cylinder, a rotating wheel is installed at the top of the shaft, and an annular groove is opened on the inner curved surface of the material cylinder corresponding to the position of the rotating wheel.

[0008] A guide hole is provided on one side of the bottom end of the annular groove, and a long pipe is connected to the other side of the outer curved surface of the annular groove. A protective sleeve is installed at the bottom of the other end of the machine barrel. A guide cavity is provided on the side wall of the protective sleeve. Mounting seats are installed at both ends of the protective sleeve. A through groove is provided on the top of the side end face of the mounting seat. A conduit is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the machine base.

[0009] Preferably, a spiral rod is installed at the bottom end of the shaft, a scraper head is installed at the bottom end of the spiral rod, a guide seat is installed at the other end of the barrel, a pneumatic wheel is rotatably installed inside the guide seat, a shaft tube is installed at the end of the pneumatic wheel, a wall hole is opened on the outer curved surface of the shaft tube near the pneumatic wheel, a filter box is installed at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the guide seat, and a threaded tube is installed at the end of the filter box.

[0010] Preferably, a reducer is installed at the end of the base, a motor is embedded in the side face of the reducer, a feeding screw is rotatably installed inside the barrel, a resistance heating coil is wound around the outer wall of the barrel, a machine head mold is installed inside the protective cylinder, and the input ends of the motor and the resistance heating coil are electrically connected to the output end of an external power supply.

[0011] Preferably, the cavity is connected to the inner cavity of the machine base through a bent pipe, the machine base is fitted with the impeller, the barrel is fitted with the feeding screw, and both the feeding screw and the impeller are connected to the output shaft of the motor through a reducer. The inner cavity of the barrel is connected to the die head mold.

[0012] Preferably, the annular groove is connected to the cavity through a guide hole, the rotating wheel and the screw rod deflect in the same direction, and the screw rod and the scraper head are both fitted with the material cylinder.

[0013] Preferably, the feeding screw is a single-exhaust screw, the air wheel is connected to the feeding screw through a shaft tube, and the guide seat is connected to the barrel through a wall hole, the shaft tube and the feeding screw. The filter box is filled with activated carbon and filter sponge.

[0014] Preferably, a positioning and balancing mechanism is installed on both sides of the casing;

[0015] The alignment and balancing mechanism includes a rotating seat;

[0016] The mounting base has a rotating seat rotatably mounted inside, and a drive wheel is mounted at the end of the rotating seat. A wheel groove is opened on the inner wall of the mounting base corresponding to the position of the drive wheel. Several sliding cylinders are embedded and mounted at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer curved surface of the rotating seat. A push rod is slidably mounted at the end of the sliding cylinder. A piston is mounted at one end of the push rod, and a round head is mounted at the other end of the push rod. A ball is rolled and mounted at the end of the round head.

[0017] An air nozzle is embedded in the outer curved surface of the slide cylinder near the round head side. Annular grooves are formed on both sides of the outer curved surface of the rotating seat. An opening is formed on the side end of the annular groove corresponding to the position of the slide cylinder. A sealing ring is embedded in the outer curved surface of the rotating seat corresponding to the position of the annular groove. A flow pipe is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the sealing ring.

[0018] A strip box is installed at the top of the flow tube. A square plug is slidably installed inside the strip box. A slide rod is installed in the middle of the side end face of the square plug. Angle plates are installed at the top of both side end faces of the strip box. A switch is installed at the corresponding position of the slide rod on the side end face of the angle plate. On-off valves are symmetrically installed at the top of the strip box on both sides of the square plug. The end of the on-off valve is connected to a flow tube. An air valve is installed at the end of the flow tube.

[0019] Preferably, the inner cavity of the base is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove inside a mounting base via a conduit, the annular groove is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove inside another mounting base via a long pipe, and the wheel groove is connected to the guide cavity via a through groove. The base, cavity, annular groove, wheel groove and guide cavity are all filled with tetrafluoroethane in a gas-liquid equilibrium state.

[0020] Preferably, the sum of the thickness of the square plug and the length of the slide bar is equal to the distance between the two switches. The switches are external warning device control switches, and the input terminal of the switches is electrically connected to the output terminal of the external power supply. The space on both sides of the inner cavity of the strip box is connected to two annular grooves through two flow pipes.

[0021] Preferably, the piston is located inside the slide cylinder, and the two opposing slide cylinders are respectively connected to two annular grooves through side openings, and the inside of the slide cylinder is filled with air at the position outside the push rod.

[0022] Compared with the prior art, the advantages of the present invention are: the present invention has a scientific and reasonable structure and is safe and convenient to use;

[0023] 1. Equipped with a waste heat return mechanism, the heat recovery and conversion structure can be formed by the cooperation of the machine base, impeller, barrel, bend, cavity, rotor, annular groove, guide hole, long pipe, protective sleeve, guide cavity, mounting base, through groove and guide tube. It can effectively recover and convert the heat emitted by the molten raw material into multiple uses. On the one hand, it can realize synchronous indirect heat dissipation, which not only effectively improves the timeliness and effectiveness of heat dissipation, but also promotes more efficient and stable solidification of the molten material. It not only reduces the probability of deformation and damage due to untimely solidification after the sheath is formed, but also avoids the trouble of water stains adhering and making subsequent processing and winding troublesome, which is easy to cause by direct water cooling. It also saves water for cooling, making the processing process more green and environmentally friendly.

[0024] On the other hand, it can achieve simultaneous preheating of raw material particles without consuming external energy. This not only effectively reduces energy consumption and improves the energy-saving performance of the extruder, but also effectively ensures the dryness of the raw material particles, removes excess moisture carried by the raw material particles in a timely and effective manner, avoids the formation of bubbles due to moisture evaporation during melting, and improves the quality of cable molding. Furthermore, it eliminates the need to excessively increase the heating temperature to compensate for the heat absorption of low-temperature raw materials. This ensures the full melting of raw material particles, improves their melting uniformity, avoids local cold material residue, reduces the risk of overheating, prevents raw material scorching and decomposition, and improves the balance of the flowability of various parts of the raw material, making the extrusion volume more stable and improving dimensional accuracy. Moreover, it can use the heat dissipated by the molten raw material as driving force, reducing the residence time of the raw material in the barrel and die head, as well as the plasticizing time. This improves the stability and efficiency of raw material extrusion and conveying, shortens the processing cycle, reduces motor torque and energy consumption, and reduces the risk of die blockage and carbon buildup.

[0025] 2. By cooperating with the guide seat, impeller, shaft tube, wall hole, filter box and threaded tube, the driving force of the motor can be further synchronously converted and utilized. On the one hand, it can cooperate with the feeding screw to realize active exhaust work. It can give full play to the characteristics of the exhaust screw to realize the dual exhaust mechanism of passive extrusion and active extraction. It can avoid the appearance of bubbles, pinholes or surface depressions in the cable insulation layer, improve the breakdown voltage of the formed cable, greatly improve the density and uniformity of the raw material after molding, and further improve the melting fullness of the raw material, improve the pressure and viscosity balance of the molten material, and promote more uniform mixing of the raw material slurry.

[0026] On the other hand, it can effectively and timely discharge low-molecular-weight volatiles, ensure the quality of raw materials after molding, avoid fluctuations in extrusion volume caused by air blockage, optimize plasticizing quality, reduce process fluctuations, and cooperate with shafts, screws and scrapers to make the conveying and extrusion of raw materials smoother and more stable, reduce the probability of raw material blockage, and reduce the maintenance cost and frequency of the equipment.

[0027] 3. Equipped with an alignment and balancing mechanism, a dynamic limiting structure is formed by the cooperation of a rotating seat, drive wheel, wheel groove, slide cylinder, piston, push rod, round head, and ball bearings. This structure provides auxiliary positioning for the cable. On the one hand, it can further recover and utilize the heat emitted by the molten material. On the other hand, it can dynamically align and correct the cable position before the extrusion of the cable sheath and insulation layer, significantly reducing the probability of eccentricity after the raw material is extruded. It can also provide dual dynamic limiting for the cable during the raw material extrusion process, which can greatly improve the stability and balance of the cable during the raw material extrusion process, further reduce the eccentricity, and allow the molten material to more evenly and stably cover the cable, thus greatly improving the quality of the extrusion process.

[0028] On the other hand, it can be used in conjunction with air nozzles, annular grooves, side openings, sealing rings, flow pipes, strip boxes, square plugs, slide rods, angle plates, and switches to simultaneously monitor the extrusion molding quality of molten raw materials. With the dynamic adjustment of on / off valves, flow pipes, and air valves, the extrusion molding state of molten raw materials can be flexibly limited. This not only further improves the molding quality of molten materials during the extrusion molding process but also allows for more timely and effective detection of unexpected eccentricity of molten raw materials, providing a safety net for the extrusion molding operation of the extruder and reducing material waste caused by ineffective extrusion.

[0029] In summary, this extruder can effectively recover and recycle the heat emitted by the molten raw material during operation, improving the timeliness and effectiveness of solidification and shaping of the molten material, reducing energy consumption in preheating, reducing motor load, timely discharging gas generated during the raw material molten extrusion process, and simultaneously calibrating the cable positioning, significantly reducing the eccentricity of the extruded raw material, and improving processing quality and efficiency. Attached Figure Description

[0030] The accompanying drawings are provided to further illustrate the invention and form part of the specification. They are used together with the embodiments of the invention to explain the invention and do not constitute a limitation thereof.

[0031] In the attached diagram:

[0032] Figure 1 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the present invention;

[0033] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the casing installation structure of the present invention;

[0034] Figure 3 This is a schematic diagram of the feeding screw installation structure of the present invention;

[0035] Figure 4 This is a schematic diagram of the waste heat recirculation mechanism of the present invention;

[0036] Figure 5 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft mounting structure of the present invention;

[0037] Figure 6 This is a schematic diagram of the shaft tube mounting structure of the present invention;

[0038] Figure 7 This is a schematic diagram of the alignment and balancing mechanism of the present invention;

[0039] Figure 8 This is a partial exploded view of the present invention;

[0040] The diagram labels are as follows: 1. Frame; 11. Barrel; 12. Reducer; 13. Motor; 14. Feed screw; 15. Resistance heating coil; 16. Head mold;

[0041] 20. Waste heat recirculation mechanism; 201. Base; 202. Impeller; 203. Barrel; 204. Bend; 205. Cavity; 206. Shaft; 207. Rotor; 208. Annular groove; 209. Guide hole; 210. Long pipe; 211. Casing; 212. Guide cavity; 213. Mounting base; 214. Through groove; 215. Guide tube; 216. Spiral rod; 217. Scraper head; 218. Guide seat; 219. Pneumatic turbine; 220. Shaft tube; 221. Wall hole; 222. Filter box; 223. Threaded pipe;

[0042] 30. Alignment and balancing mechanism; 301. Rotating seat; 302. Drive wheel; 303. Wheel groove; 304. Slide cylinder; 305. Piston; 306. Push rod; 307. Round head; 308. Ball bearing; 309. Air nozzle; 310. Annular groove; 311. Side opening; 312. Sealing ring; 313. Flow pipe; 314. Strip box; 315. Square plug; 316. Slide rod; 317. Angle plate; 318. Switch; 319. On / off valve; 320. Flow pipe; 321. Air valve. Detailed Implementation

[0043] The preferred embodiments of the present invention will be described below with reference to the accompanying drawings. It should be understood that the preferred embodiments described herein are for illustration and explanation only and are not intended to limit the present invention.

[0044] Example: Figure 1-8 As shown, the present invention provides a technical solution, an automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing, including a frame 1, a barrel 11 installed on the top of the frame 1, and a waste heat return mechanism 20 installed on the outside of the barrel 11.

[0045] Waste heat recirculation mechanism 20 includes base 201;

[0046] A base 201 is installed at one end of the barrel 11. An impeller 202 is rotatably installed inside the base 201. A material cylinder 203 is installed at the top of the outer curved surface of the barrel 11. A bent pipe 204 is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the material cylinder 203. A cavity 205 is opened on the side wall of the material cylinder 203. A shaft 206 is rotatably installed inside the material cylinder 203. A rotating wheel 207 is installed at the top of the shaft 206. An annular groove 208 is opened on the inner curved surface of the material cylinder 203 corresponding to the position of the rotating wheel 207.

[0047] A guide hole 209 is provided on one side of the bottom end of the annular groove 208, and a long pipe 210 is connected to the other side of the outer curved surface of the annular groove 208. A protective sleeve 211 is installed at the bottom of the other end of the machine barrel 11. A guide cavity 212 is provided on the side wall of the protective sleeve 211. Mounting seats 213 are installed at both ends of the protective sleeve 211. A through groove 214 is provided on the top of the side end face of the mounting seat 213. A conduit 215 is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the machine base 201.

[0048] A screw rod 216 is installed at the bottom end of the shaft 206, and a scraper head 217 is installed at the bottom end of the screw rod 216. The annular groove 208 is connected to the cavity 205 through the guide hole 209. The rotating wheel 207 deflects in the same direction as the screw rod 216. Both the screw rod 216 and the scraper head 217 are fitted with the material cylinder 203 to improve the stability of raw material conveying. A guide seat 218 is installed at the other end of the barrel 11. A pneumatic wheel 219 is rotatably installed inside the guide seat 218. A shaft tube 220 is installed at the end of the pneumatic wheel 219.

[0049] A wall hole 221 is provided on the outer curved surface of the shaft tube 220 near the position of the air wheel 219. A filter box 222 is installed at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the guide seat 218. The feeding screw 14 is a single-exhaust screw. The air wheel 219 is connected to the feeding screw 14 through the shaft tube 220. The guide seat 218 is connected to the barrel 11 through the wall hole 221, the shaft tube 220 and the feeding screw 14. The filter box 222 is filled with activated carbon and filter sponge to improve the extrusion quality. A threaded tube 223 is installed at the end of the filter box 222.

[0050] A reducer 12 is installed at the end of the base 201, and a motor 13 is embedded in the side end face of the reducer 12. A feeding screw 14 is rotatably installed inside the barrel 11, and a resistance heating coil 15 is wound around the outer wall of the barrel 11. A die head 16 is installed inside the protective cylinder 211. The input ends of the motor 13 and the resistance heating coil 15 are electrically connected to the output end of an external power supply. The cavity 205 is connected to the inner cavity of the base 201 through a bent pipe 204. The base 201 is fitted with the impeller 202, and the barrel 11 is fitted with the feeding screw 14. Both the feeding screw 14 and the impeller 202 are connected to the output shaft of the motor 13 through the reducer 12. The inner cavity of the barrel 11 is connected to the die head 16 to improve the stability of the extrusion operation.

[0051] The casing 211 is equipped with alignment and balancing mechanisms 30 on both sides;

[0052] The alignment and balancing mechanism 30 includes a rotating seat 301;

[0053] A rotating seat 301 is rotatably mounted inside the mounting base 213. A drive wheel 302 is mounted at the end of the rotating seat 301. A wheel groove 303 is opened on the inner wall of the mounting base 213 at the position corresponding to the drive wheel 302. Several sliding cylinders 304 are embedded and mounted at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer curved surface of the rotating seat 301. A push rod 306 is slidably mounted at the end of the sliding cylinder 304. A piston 305 is mounted at one end of the push rod 306, and a round head 307 is mounted at the other end of the push rod 306. A ball bearing 308 is rolled and mounted at the end of the round head 307.

[0054] An air nozzle 309 is embedded and installed on the outer curved surface of the slide cylinder 304 near the edge of the round head 307. Annular grooves 310 are formed on both sides of the outer curved surface of the rotating seat 301 at the positions of the slide cylinder 304. An end face of the annular groove 310 is provided with a side opening 311 corresponding to the position of the slide cylinder 304. The piston 305 is located inside the slide cylinder 304, and the two opposing slide cylinders 304 are connected to the two annular grooves 310 through the side openings 311. Air is filled inside the slide cylinder 304 at the position outside the push rod 306 for auxiliary positioning. A sealing ring 312 is rotatably installed on the outer curved surface of the rotating seat 301 corresponding to the position of the annular groove 310. A flow pipe 313 is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the sealing ring 312.

[0055] A strip box 314 is installed at the top of the flow tube 313. A square plug 315 is slidably installed inside the strip box 314. The inner cavity of the base 201 is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove 303 inside one mounting seat 213 through the conduit 215. The annular groove 208 is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove 303 inside another mounting seat 213 through the long tube 210. The wheel groove 303 is connected to the guide cavity 212 through the through groove 214. The base 201, the cavity 205, the annular groove 208, the wheel groove 303 and the guide cavity 212 are all filled with tetrafluoroethane in a gas-liquid equilibrium state to recover and convert heat.

[0056] A slide bar 316 is installed in the middle of the side end face of the square plug 315. Angle plates 317 are installed on the top of both side end faces of the strip box 314. A switch 318 is installed on the side end face of the angle plate 317 corresponding to the position of the slide bar 316. The sum of the thickness of the square plug 315 and the length of the slide bar 316 is equal to the distance between the two switches 318. The switch 318 is an external warning device control switch, and the input terminal of the switch 318 is electrically connected to the output terminal of the external power supply. The space in the inner cavity of the strip box 314 located on both sides of the square plug 315 is connected to two annular grooves 310 through two flow pipes 313 to perform dynamic limiting and reduce eccentric loss. On the top of the strip box 314 located on both sides of the square plug 315, on-off valves 319 are symmetrically installed. The end of the on-off valve 319 is connected to a flow pipe 320, and the end of the flow pipe 320 is equipped with a gas valve 321.

[0057] The working principle and usage process of this invention: In actual use, the automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing firstly places the frame 1 stably in the designated position, aligns the center of the protective cylinder 211 with the external cable traction path, and at the same time aligns the material cylinder 203 with the external raw material feeding device, and pulls the cable to be processed from the previous process.

[0058] First, thread the cable through the mounting base 213 on the side near the head mold 16 and through the gap formed by the balls 308. Then, thread the cable through the head mold 16 and through the protective sleeve 211. Thread the cable through the gap formed by the balls 308 on the other side and finally through the mounting base 213 on the other side to complete the basic cable traction installation.

[0059] In the initial state, since the inside of the slide cylinder 304 is filled with air at the position outside the push rod 306, the piston 305, driven by the air pressure on this side, will drag the round head 307 through the push rod 306, pulling the distance between the two opposing balls 308 to the maximum value. At this time, the push rod 306 is fully retracted into the slide cylinder 304, which makes the cable pulling and inserting work more convenient. Before the cable pulling work, air can be injected into the inside of the slide cylinder 304 through the air nozzle 309 to ensure that the air pressure in this part is sufficient. It should be noted that the internal air pressure in the space outside the push rod 306 of each slide cylinder 304 should be consistent. For the convenience of description, this air pressure is referred to as the balance air pressure below.

[0060] Next, the on / off valve 319 is opened, and air is injected into the co-flow tube 320 through the air valve 321. The air flows along the co-flow tube 320 and passes through the on / off valves 319 on both sides of the square plug 315 to enter the space on both sides of the strip box 314. At this time, the air pressure on both sides of the square plug 315 is in a balanced state. For the sake of convenience, the following description uses this air pressure as the dynamic air pressure. The square plug 315 will be pushed to the middle position of the strip box 314 by the dynamic air pressure on both sides. At this time, the slide bar 316 simultaneously contacts the switches 318 on both sides, but does not trigger the switches 318 on both sides.

[0061] The airflow then enters the two annular grooves 310 through the flow pipes 313 on both sides of the square plug 315, and passes through the side opening 311 into the corresponding slide cylinder 304, causing the piston 305 to overcome the balance air pressure and push the round head 307 to move through the shaft 206, bringing the gap between the balls 308 closer. As the dynamic air pressure increases, the gap between the balls 308 will continue to shrink, eventually causing the balls 308 near the head mold 16 to press against the cable.

[0062] By adjusting the dynamic air pressure, the resistance force exerted on the cable by the ball bearing 308 can be limited. At the same time, since the balance air pressure and dynamic air pressure on the piston 305 are the same, that is, the lengths of each push rod 306 extending out of the slide cylinder 304 are the same, the position of the cable can be corrected during the process of the ball bearing 308 pressing against the cable, and the position of the cable can be dynamically limited in subsequent working processes to avoid cable eccentricity. At this time, the distance between the ball bearings 308 facing each other on this side is equal to the cable diameter.

[0063] Next, following the steps above, the spacing between the balls 308 on the inner side of the mounting base 213 on the other side is adjusted. The difference is that, in the initial state, the spacing between the balls 308 on this side should be adjusted adaptively according to actual needs. That is, in the initial state, the length of each push rod 306 extending out of the slide cylinder 304 on this side should be limited. The difference between the length of each push rod 306 extending out of the slide cylinder 304 on this side and the length of each push rod 306 extending out of the slide cylinder 304 on the other side is the forming thickness of the extruded material.

[0064] After completing the aforementioned preparations, the external material feeding device can be used to feed the raw material particles into the material cylinder 203, and the external traction device can be started to pull the cable. At the same time, the motor 13 and the resistance heating coil 15 are started to carry out the cable wrapping process.

[0065] In the initial state, the motor 13 synchronously drives the feeding screw 14 and the impeller 202 to rotate through the reducer 12. Under the traction of the impeller 202, the tetrafluoroethane inside the cavity 205 enters the machine base 201 through the bend 204, and is then pressed into the wheel groove 303 on the side away from the die head mold 16 through the guide tube 215. Under the action of pressure, the tetrafluoroethane will pass through the through groove 214 on this side and enter the guide cavity 212, and then pass through the through groove 214 on the other side and enter the wheel groove 303 on the other side. Then it enters the ring groove 208 through the long tube 210, and finally passes through the guide hole 209 and flows back into the cavity 205. For the sake of convenience, the flow path of the tetrafluoroethane is referred to as the temperature and pressure passage.

[0066] As the tetrafluoroethane flows along the temperature and pressure passage, the rotor 207 will rotate accordingly under the impact of the tetrafluoroethane. The screw 216 and scraper head 217 will also rotate under the drive of the shaft 206. In conjunction with gravity, the raw material inside the barrel 203 will be fed into the barrel 11 as the screw 216 rotates. Then, under the pushing and squeezing of the feeding screw 14, the raw material will move along the barrel 11. With the heating effect of the resistance heating coil 15, the raw material is heated to a molten state under the shearing and compression action of the feeding screw 14 and the barrel 11, and is extruded from the barrel 11 and pressed into the die head mold 16.

[0067] Subsequently, the molten material is continuously extruded through the die 16 and coated on the surface of the cable moving at a uniform speed to form a uniform sheath. After the sheath is applied to the surface of the cable, as it moves along the sheath 211, the heat emitted by the sheath is absorbed by the tetrafluoroethane inside the guide cavity 212, further disrupting the equilibrium state of the tetrafluoroethane. Since its temperature exceeds the critical temperature of the tetrafluoroethane, the tetrafluoroethane will rapidly vaporize, cooling the sheath. Compared with water cooling, the tetrafluoroethane can more fully absorb the heat emitted by the molten material, promoting its rapid solidification and shaping, ensuring the timeliness and effectiveness of the solidification work, and avoiding the drawback of subsequent water cooling water adhesion.

[0068] At the same time, the vaporized tetrafluoroethane will cause the internal pressure of the guide cavity 212 to rise. The tetrafluoroethane will flow along the temperature and pressure passage at a greater pressure. After flowing out of the guide cavity 212 and into the container 205, because its pressure is greater than the critical pressure and it loses the limitation of external temperature, it will liquefy and release heat in the container 205 under the action of pressure. This will preheat the raw material particles inside the barrel 203, remove moisture, and reduce the heating burden of the resistance heating coil 15 and the driving pressure of the motor 13, thus ensuring the stability of the raw material extrusion process and the product quality.

[0069] Finally, under the pressure and traction of the impeller 202, the liquefied tetrafluoroethane will flow back into the guide cavity 212 through the temperature and pressure passage, and will vaporize and absorb heat again inside the guide cavity 212. This cycle repeats, which promotes the rapid solidification and shaping of the sheath and preheats the raw material particles, making the extruder operate more efficiently and stably. At the same time, in addition to recovering the heat dissipated by the molten raw material during the flow process, the tetrafluoroethane will also convert the heat into the internal pressure driving force of the tetrafluoroethane, which will form a combined force with the motor 13 and reduce the burden on the motor 13.

[0070] During the rotation of the feeding screw 14, it drives the air wheel 219 to rotate inside the guide seat 218 through the shaft tube 220, and forces the airflow inside the barrel 11 to pass through the opening on the surface of the feeding screw 14 under its traction, enter the guide seat 218 through the wall hole 221 along the shaft tube 220, and is then pushed out by the air wheel 219. After being purified by the activated carbon and filter sponge inside the filter box 222, it is discharged through the threaded tube 223.

[0071] As tetrafluoroethane flows along the temperature and pressure passage, it also drives the drive wheel 302 to deflect synchronously. Under its drive, the rotating seat 301 drives each slide cylinder 304 to deflect synchronously, so that each ball 308 on one side of the head mold 16 rolls around the cable, dynamically limiting the cable during its travel to prevent it from being eccentric, while each ball 308 on the other side rolls around the solidified and shaped sheath.

[0072] After the aforementioned adjustment of the spacing of the ball bearings 308, if the thickness of the sheath molding size is the same as the preset size and there is no eccentricity, the ball bearings 308 rolling around the solidified sheath will just contact the sheath and can cooperate with the ball bearings 308 on the other side to achieve double limiting of the cable and ensure the stability of the cable's forward movement. If the thickness of the sheath molding size is not up to standard or there is eccentricity, the ball bearings 308 rolling around the solidified sheath will be squeezed in the opposite direction by the sheath.

[0073] At this time, under the extrusion action of the sheath, the round head 307 will push the piston 305 to move through the push rod 306, causing the dynamic air pressure to fluctuate. Under the push of the dynamic air pressure, the lower plug 315 will drive the slide rod 316 to move accordingly, which will eventually trigger the switch 318 on one side. The switch 318 will send a signal to the external warning device to provide a warning, providing a safety net for the basic operation of the extruder and reducing the waste of materials and energy caused by ineffective extrusion.

[0074] The aforementioned process takes the extrusion of a sheath onto the surface of a cable as an example. This extruder can also extrude and coat the insulation layer onto the surface of a conductor, and the method and steps are the same as those for extruding and coating the sheath.

[0075] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the foregoing embodiments, those skilled in the art can still modify the technical solutions described in the foregoing embodiments or make equivalent substitutions for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, improvements, etc., made within the spirit and principles of the present invention should be included within the protection scope of the present invention.

Claims

1. An automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing, comprising a frame (1), characterized in that: The top of the frame (1) is equipped with a cylinder (11), and a waste heat return mechanism (20) is installed on the outside of the cylinder (11). The waste heat recirculation mechanism (20) includes a base (201); A base (201) is installed at one end of the barrel (11). An impeller (202) is rotatably installed inside the base (201). A material cylinder (203) is installed at the top of the outer curved surface of the barrel (11). A bent pipe (204) is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the material cylinder (203). A cavity (205) is opened on the side wall of the material cylinder (203). A shaft (206) is rotatably installed inside the material cylinder (203). A rotating wheel (207) is installed at the top of the shaft (206). An annular groove (208) is opened on the inner curved surface of the material cylinder (203) at the position corresponding to the rotating wheel (207). A guide hole (209) is provided on one side of the bottom end of the annular groove (208), and a long pipe (210) is connected to the other side of the outer curved surface of the annular groove (208). A protective sleeve (211) is installed at the bottom of the other end of the machine barrel (11). A guide cavity (212) is provided on the side wall of the protective sleeve (211). Mounting seats (213) are installed at both ends of the protective sleeve (211). A through groove (214) is provided on the top of the side end face of the mounting seat (213). A conduit (215) is connected to the bottom of the outer curved surface of the machine base (201). The cavity (205) is connected to the inner cavity of the base (201) through a bend (204), and the annular groove (208) is connected to the cavity (205) through a guide hole (209); The inner cavity of the base (201) is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove (303) inside a mounting base (213) through a conduit (215). The annular groove (208) is connected to the bottom of the wheel groove (303) inside another mounting base (213) through a long tube (210). The wheel groove (303) is connected to the guide cavity (212) through a through groove (214). The base (201), cavity (205), annular groove (208), wheel groove (303) and guide cavity (212) are all filled with tetrafluoroethane in a gas-liquid equilibrium state. The protective casing (211) is equipped with a positioning and balancing mechanism (30) on both sides. The alignment and balancing mechanism (30) includes a rotating seat (301); The mounting base (213) has a rotating seat (301) rotatably mounted inside. A drive wheel (302) is mounted at the end of the rotating seat (301). A wheel groove (303) is opened on the inner wall of the mounting base (213) at the position corresponding to the drive wheel (302). Several sliding cylinders (304) are embedded at equal angles along the circumferential direction on the outer curved surface of the rotating seat (301). A push rod (306) is slidably mounted at the end of the sliding cylinder (304). A piston (305) is mounted at one end of the push rod (306). A round head (307) is mounted at the other end of the push rod (306). A ball bearing (308) is slidably mounted at the end of the round head (307).

2. The automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 1, characterized in that, A screw rod (216) is installed at the bottom end of the shaft (206), a scraper head (217) is installed at the bottom end of the screw rod (216), a guide seat (218) is installed at the other end of the barrel (11), a pneumatic wheel (219) is rotatably installed inside the guide seat (218), a shaft tube (220) is installed at the end of the pneumatic wheel (219), a wall hole (221) is opened on the outer curved surface of the shaft tube (220) near the pneumatic wheel (219), a filter box (222) is installed at the bottom of the outer curved surface of the guide seat (218), and a threaded tube (223) is installed at the end of the filter box (222).

3. The automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that, A reducer (12) is installed at the end of the base (201). A motor (13) is embedded in the side end face of the reducer (12). A feeding screw (14) is rotatably installed inside the barrel (11). A resistance heating coil (15) is wound around the outer wall of the barrel (11). A head mold (16) is installed inside the protective cylinder (211). The input ends of the motor (13) and the resistance heating coil (15) are electrically connected to the output end of an external power supply.

4. The automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 3, characterized in that, The base (201) is fitted with the impeller (202), the barrel (11) is fitted with the feeding screw (14), and the feeding screw (14) and the impeller (202) are both connected to the output shaft of the motor (13) through the reducer (12). The inner cavity of the barrel (11) is connected to the head mold (16).

5. An automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 2, characterized in that, The rotating wheel (207) and the screw rod (216) deflect in the same direction, and the screw rod (216) and the scraper head (217) are both in contact with the material cylinder (203).

6. The automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 4, characterized in that, The feeding screw (14) is a single-exhaust screw. The impeller (219) is connected to the feeding screw (14) through the shaft tube (220). The guide seat (218) is connected to the barrel (11) through the wall hole (221), the shaft tube (220) and the feeding screw (14). The filter box (222) is filled with activated carbon and filter sponge.

7. An automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 6, characterized in that, An air nozzle (309) is embedded in the outer curved surface of the slide cylinder (304) near the edge of the round head (307). An annular groove (310) is provided on both sides of the outer curved surface of the rotating seat (301) at the position of the slide cylinder (304). An edge opening (311) is provided on the side end face of the annular groove (310) corresponding to the position of the slide cylinder (304). A sealing ring (312) is embedded in the outer curved surface of the rotating seat (301) corresponding to the position of the annular groove (310). A flow pipe (313) is installed on the top of the outer curved surface of the sealing ring (312). A strip box (314) is installed at the top of the flow tube (313). A square plug (315) is slidably installed inside the strip box (314). A slide rod (316) is installed in the middle of the side end face of the square plug (315). Angle plates (317) are installed at the top of both sides of the strip box (314). A switch (318) is installed on the side end face of the angle plate (317) corresponding to the position of the slide rod (316). On-off valves (319) are symmetrically installed at the top of the strip box (314) on both sides of the square plug (315). The end of the on-off valve (319) is connected to a flow tube (320). A gas valve (321) is installed at the end of the flow tube (320).

8. An automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The sum of the thickness of the square plug (315) and the length of the slide bar (316) is equal to the distance between the two switches (318). The switch (318) is an external warning device control switch, and the input end of the switch (318) is electrically connected to the output end of the external power supply. The space in the inner cavity of the strip box (314) located on both sides of the square plug (315) is connected to two annular grooves (310) through two flow pipes (313).

9. An automated and convenient extruder for cable manufacturing according to claim 7, characterized in that, The piston (305) is located inside the slide cylinder (304), and the two slide cylinders (304) facing each other are connected to two annular grooves (310) through the side opening (311). The slide cylinder (304) is filled with air at the position outside the push rod (306).

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