Vortex generating device of kiln gas spray gun

Abstract

The invention discloses a vortex generating device of a kiln gas spray gun. The vortex generating device comprises a compressed air pipe, a flange plate and a gas pipe which are coaxially arranged from outside to inside in a sleeving mode. The tail end of the gas pipe penetrates through the flange plate and extends into the first-stage mixed gas gathering cavity; the vortex generating assembly is fixed at the outlet end of the primary mixed gas gathering cavity; an air turbulence generation assembly is coaxially arranged in the circumferential direction of the vortex generation assembly, and the inlet end of the air turbulence generation assembly communicates with a compressed air pipe. And the outlet ends of the vortex generating assembly and the air turbulence generating assembly are connected with a secondary mixed gas gathering cavity. A multi-stage mixing channel is constructed through a compressed air pipe, a gas pipe and a flange plate which are coaxially arranged in a sleeved mode, a swirling flow field is formed through a flange plate flow guide hole, turbulent flow with the alternating direction is generated in combination with an alternately-inclined flat plate between two rings, shearing is accelerated in cooperation with a gradually-shrinking type second-stage mixing cavity, and the effects that gas particles are fully atomized, and the turbulent flow mixing strength is remarkably improved are achieved. And residual-gas-free emission of tail gas and flame stability optimization are realized.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of kilns, and in particular to a vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun. Background Art

[0002] In the field of magnetic material industrial kiln combustion, traditional gas spray guns mostly use a single-stage straight-through mixing structure, which has the following technical bottlenecks: 1) Insufficient mixing of gas and air leads to low combustion efficiency and residual unburned gas; 2) Static swirl design makes it difficult to maintain a stable vortex, and the flame is easily fluctuated by the interference of kiln airflow; 3) Local high-temperature areas promote the generation of nitrogen oxides, resulting in insufficient environmental performance.

[0003] The existing pre-combustion chamber solution uses a narrow space to enhance mixing, but still suffers from problems such as uneven atomization caused by single-point injection and a lack of a secondary mixing mechanism, making it impossible to achieve full combustion of the gas over the entire area. For example, the "Energy-Saving Spray Gun for Kilns" disclosed in Chinese patent literature, with publication number "CN206582840U", includes a nozzle, a holster, and a handle. The holster has an air pipe and an air duct built into it. The handle is provided with a first air inlet and an air inlet. The first air inlet connects the holster and the air duct, and the air inlet connects to the air duct. The air duct is placed in the inner cavity of the air duct to form a gas mixing chamber. The handle is also provided with a gas pre-mixing chamber and a second air inlet. The gas pre-mixing chamber is located between the gas duct and the air inlet, and the gas pre-mixing chamber connects to the air inlet, the entrance of the gas duct, and the second air inlet. The gas enters the gas premixing chamber along the air inlet, and the air enters the gas premixing chamber along the second air inlet, the gas and air are mixed once, and then the once mixed gas flows into the air pipe along the inlet of the air pipe, and the air enters the air pipe along the first air inlet, and the air and the once mixed gas are mixed for a second time. The utility model can achieve more complete combustion of the secondary mixed gas, thereby improving the energy saving effect of the kiln spray gun.

[0004] The above-mentioned defects restrict the simultaneous improvement of combustion efficiency and emission performance, and a breakthrough is urgently needed. Summary of the Invention

[0005] In response to the technical difficulties of uneven mixing of gas and air and insufficient combustion in traditional spray guns, the present invention provides a vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun. A multi-stage mixing channel is constructed by coaxially sleeved compressed air pipes, gas pipes and flanges, and a swirl field is formed by using the flange guide holes. The alternating inclined flat plates between the double rings generate turbulent flow with alternating directions, and the tapered secondary mixing chamber is used to accelerate shear, so as to achieve the effect of sufficient atomization of gas particles and significantly improved turbulent mixing intensity, thereby achieving exhaust gas emission without residual gas and optimized flame stability.

[0006] In order to achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions: A vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun comprises: a compressed air pipe, a flange, and a gas pipe coaxially arranged from outside to inside; the end of the gas pipe extends through the flange into a primary mixed gas gathering chamber; a vortex generating assembly fixed to the outlet of the primary mixed gas gathering chamber; an air turbulence generating assembly coaxially disposed circumferentially within the vortex generating assembly, the inlet of which is in communication with the compressed air pipe. The vortex generating assembly and the outlet of the air turbulence generating assembly are connected to a secondary mixed gas gathering chamber.

[0007] This solution constructs a multi-stage mixing channel system through coaxially arranged compressed air pipes, flanges and gas pipes. The design of the gas pipe end extending to the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber allows the natural gas to form multi-directional diffusion through the radial injection holes distributed circumferentially on the pipe wall, and produce the first counter-mixing with the compressed air entering through the flange guide holes. The vortex generating component forms a velocity gradient at the outlet through a specific aperture distribution, inducing a rotating shear layer in the natural gas and air mixture, destroying the laminar state of the traditional direct injection structure. The structure in which the air turbulence generating component is connected to the compressed air pipe allows part of the compressed air to be guided to the double-ring channel before the secondary mixing. The zigzag path generated by the inclined flat plate prolongs the contact time and turbulent kinetic energy of the air flow. The tapered structure of the secondary mixed gas gathering chamber accelerates the mixed air flow through the change in cross-sectional area, and uses the Bernoulli effect to enhance the mutual penetration of fluids with different flow rates.

[0008] Preferably, the air turbulence generating assembly includes two coaxially arranged rings, and a plurality of flat plates are circumferentially arranged in the channel between the two rings. The air turbulence generating assembly is interference-fitted on the outer wall of the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber, and the vortex generating assembly corresponds to the air turbulence generating assembly arranged on the inner wall of the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber.

[0009] Preferably, the flat plate of the air turbulence generating assembly is arranged to be inclined along the axial direction.

[0010] Preferably, the inclination direction of each flat plate between the double rings is based on the axis of the compressed air pipe, and is alternately arranged in positive and negative directions along the circumferential direction, forming a zigzag airflow path between adjacent flat plates.

[0011] Preferably, the secondary mixed gas gathering chamber is a frustoconical tapering section from the inlet end to the outlet end.

[0012] Preferably, the vortex generating assembly includes main holes and auxiliary holes with different radial sizes alternately arranged along the periphery toward the center, and the main holes and auxiliary holes are distributed in a radial array along the circumferential direction.

[0013] Preferably, the main holes and the auxiliary holes have decreasing pore diameters along the flow direction.

[0014] Preferably, the angle between the main hole jet direction and the axial direction is ≤15°, and the angle between the auxiliary hole jet direction and the axial direction is 25°-40°, and the angle difference is used to form an enhanced vortex shear layer; the outlet end of the auxiliary hole is formed with a rounded corner.

[0015] Preferably, a plurality of radial injection holes are opened in the circumferential direction of the terminal wall of the gas pipe; the radial injection holes of the gas pipe are divided into two rows, upper and lower, and the two rows of holes are staggered.

[0016] Preferably, the flange has a plurality of guide holes evenly distributed around its circumference, and the air flow in the compressed air pipe enters the primary mixed gas gathering chamber from the guide holes.

[0017] Therefore, the present invention has the following beneficial effects: The alternatingly inclined flat plate structure in the double-ring channel causes the compressed air to produce multi-directional deflections, forming a high-intensity turbulent flow field, promoting the effective penetration of air and gas in the secondary mixture gathering cavity, eliminating local concentration differences, completely destroying the laminar flow state, and ensuring that the mixing uniformity reaches the critical value for complete combustion.

[0018] The tapered secondary mixture gathering chamber accelerates the mixed gas flow by shrinking the cross section. The high-speed shearing action causes the unatomized gas droplets to be broken up for a second time. Combined with the swirl guidance of the vortex generator, the gas residence time is extended to the time required for complete reaction, and the unburned components in the exhaust gas approach zero.

[0019] The circumferentially distributed guide holes on the flange form a symmetrical air intake pattern, which, combined with the radially staggered injection hole layout of the gas pipe, forms a three-dimensional uniform diffusion field, eliminating the concentration gradient of traditional single-point injection, improving the stability of the flame front, and ensuring the uniformity of temperature distribution to meet the precise temperature control requirements of the kiln.

[0020] The angle difference design of the main and auxiliary holes of the vortex generator forms an airflow shear layer, and the rounded corners of the auxiliary hole outlet delay flow separation, achieving efficient momentum transfer in a limited space, increasing the combustion reaction rate to match the air supply speed, and preventing unburned gas from escaping. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0021] Figure 1 It is a side sectional view of the present invention.

[0022] Figure 2 It is an exploded view of the present invention.

[0023] Figure 3 It is an oblique axonometric drawing of the present invention.

[0024] Figure 4 This is a schematic structural diagram of a type 1 double ring in Example 1.

[0025] Figure 5 Schematic diagram of the structure of the type II double ring in Example 1.

[0026] In the figure: 1. Compressed air pipe, 2. Air turbulence generating assembly, 21. Double ring, 22. Flat plate, 23. Outer ring, 24. Inner ring, 25. Type 1 double ring, 26. Type 2 double ring, 3. Secondary mixture gathering chamber, 4. Vortex generating assembly, 41. Main hole, 42. Auxiliary hole, 5. Primary mixture gathering chamber, 6. Gas pipe, 61. Radial injection hole, 7. Flange, 71. Guide hole. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0027] The present invention will be further described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments. Examples of the embodiments are shown in the accompanying drawings, wherein the same or similar reference numerals throughout represent the same or similar elements or elements with the same or similar functions.

[0028] Example 1 like Figure 1 、 2 As shown, in this embodiment, the vortex generating device optimizes the mixing process of gas and air through a multi-stage mixing structure. The compressed air pipe 1 serves as the outermost channel. Its inner wall forms an annular gap with the gas pipe 6 through a flange 7. The flange's circumferentially distributed guide holes evenly direct the compressed air into the primary mixed gas concentration chamber 5. The end of the gas pipe extends through the flange into the interior of this chamber. Two rows of staggered radial injection holes 61 are formed in the pipe wall. The gas flows through this group of holes into a multi-directional jet, initially mixing with the compressed air entering through the guide holes 71 within the annular space.

[0029] The air turbulence generating assembly consists of two coaxially arranged rings. The outer ring forms a rigid connection with the inner wall of the compressed air pipe through an interference fit, while the inner ring forms an annular flow channel with the outer wall of the first-stage mixing chamber outlet. Multiple flat plates 22 are arranged circumferentially along the channel between the two rings 21. The axis of the flat plates of one type of double ring is tilted at an angle to the device's axial direction, and the tilt direction is consistent. The tilt angle is designed to balance the relationship between airflow deflection strength and pressure loss. As the plate inclination angle increases, the lateral momentum component increases, but the flow resistance also increases. Continuous welding is used between the edges of the flat plates and the inner wall of the two rings to ensure a tight structure and prevent vibration and noise caused by high-speed airflow.

[0030] Furthermore, a type II double ring can be used, in which the inclination direction of adjacent flat plates changes alternately based on the axis of the compressed air pipe. This structure causes the compressed air to produce a lateral velocity component with a periodic change in direction when flowing through, forming a continuous zigzag flow path.

[0031] The inlet of the frustoconical tapered section of the secondary mixing chamber connects to the outlets of both the turbulence generating assembly and the vortex generating assembly. The cone angle parameters of the tapered section are determined based on fluid mechanics boundary layer theory to ensure that flow separation does not occur during airflow acceleration. The velocity gradient generated by the cross-sectional contraction exerts a shearing effect on the mixed airflow, causing secondary breakup of incompletely atomized gas droplets. The ratio of the tapered section length to the inlet diameter is controlled within a specific range. An excessively short tapered section can lead to excessive acceleration and flow instability, while an excessively long structure increases the axial size of the equipment. The outlet diameter matches the inlet of the kiln combustion chamber, forming a smooth transition airflow channel.

[0032] The circumferentially symmetrical layout of the flange guide holes achieves symmetrical flow field construction through flow distribution control. The axis of the guide hole forms a tangential angle with the flow direction of the compressed air, so that the air flow entering the first-stage mixing chamber generates an initial swirl field. The matching design of the number of channels and the diameter balances the flow distribution and pressure loss. When the number of guide holes increases, the flow rate of a single channel decreases, which is conducive to refining the air flow distribution but increases the processing complexity. The upper and lower rows of staggered injection holes at the end of the gas pipe form a spatially complementary gas distribution pattern. The jets of the upper row of holes cover the upper area of ​​the cavity, and the lower row of holes fill the bottom mixing blind area, achieving full cross-sectional coverage of the three-dimensional space.

[0033] During the equipment installation phase, the operator first coaxially inserts the gas pipe 6 into the center hole of the flange 7, ensuring that its end extends to the predetermined position of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber 5 before securing it. The outer edge of the flange 7 and the inner wall of the compressed air pipe 1 are interference-fitted to form an annular air inlet channel. The axes of the circumferentially distributed guide holes 71 form a tangential angle with the compressed air flow direction. During installation, it is necessary to ensure that the machining accuracy of each channel meets the flow balance requirements. When machining the upper and lower rows of staggered radial injection holes 61 at the end of the gas pipe 6, special tooling is required to ensure the uniformity of the hole distribution around the circumference to avoid interference between the jets from adjacent channels.

[0034] like Figure 4 、 5 As shown, during the operation of the equipment, when the air turbulence generating component adopts a unidirectional inclined flat plate solution with a type I double ring 25, the compressed air shows regular deflection when flowing through the double ring channel. All the flat plates maintain the same inclination angle and direction, and the airflow continues to obtain the same lateral velocity component when passing through each flat plate. This cumulative effect causes the air flow to form a spiral motion in a single direction as a whole, and its swirl intensity increases linearly with the increase of the flat plate inclination angle. The operator can control the spiral angular velocity by adjusting the air supply pressure. When the pressure increases, the proportion of the tangential velocity component increases, which is suitable for conventional combustion conditions that require a stable swirl field. However, long-term unidirectional swirl can easily lead to local erosion of the mixing chamber wall, and it is necessary to focus on checking the unilateral wear of the downstream cavity during maintenance.

[0035] When switching to the alternating inclined flat plate scheme of the Type II double ring 26, the opposite inclination angles of adjacent flat plates cause the direction of the airflow to reverse periodically. The first flat plate guides the airflow to produce a clockwise deflection, and the second flat plate immediately applies a counterclockwise guide, forming a continuous S-shaped broken line path. This alternating steering action decomposes the overall airflow into multiple counter-rotating micro-scale vortex pairs, and the shear action between adjacent vortex pairs produces high-frequency turbulent pulsations. In actual application tests, the turbulence intensity generated by this scheme at the same gas supply pressure is about 1.8 times higher than that of the unidirectional inclined scheme, but the pressure loss increases by 25%. It is particularly suitable for processing high-viscosity gas or working conditions where there is a risk of coking. Its strong turbulent effect can effectively inhibit the formation of deposits on the pipe wall. During operation, it is necessary to pay attention to adjusting the matching relationship between the gas injection pressure and the turbulence intensity to avoid excessive mixing leading to flame instability.

[0036] When choosing for actual application, the unidirectional tilting scheme is mostly used in continuous production scenarios with stable combustion load and uniform gas quality. Its simple and reliable structure reduces maintenance costs. The alternating tilting scheme is suitable for intermittent kilns that process multi-component mixed gases or need to respond quickly to load changes. Its strong turbulence characteristics can effectively cope with fluctuations in gas composition. When the operator replaces the double rings of the air turbulence generating assembly according to demand, the cone angle parameters of the tapered section of the secondary mixing chamber are adjusted synchronously. The unidirectional scheme matches a smaller cone angle to maintain flow stability, and the alternating scheme adapts to a larger cone angle to enhance the shear effect. Both configurations establish a basic swirl field through the tangential air intake of the flange guide hole, but form differentiated energy transfer modes during the turbulence generation stage, providing targeted solutions for different working conditions.

[0037] During operation, the operator controls the swirl intensity of the primary mixed gas gathering chamber by adjusting the compressed air pressure. As pressure increases, the tangential flow velocity of the guide hole 71 increases, and the swirl ratio increases, promoting initial mixing efficiency. The matching design of the gas injection pressure and aperture ensures that the jet penetration depth is compatible with the air swirl radius, avoiding energy loss caused by the jet directly impacting the chamber wall. The cone angle parameters of the tapered section of the secondary mixed gas gathering chamber 3 are optimized according to the size of the kiln combustion chamber. A longer tapered section is suitable for conditions requiring extended mixing time, while a shorter structure facilitates the rapid formation of the combustion front.

[0038] Furthermore, those skilled in the art can also adjust the inclination angle of the flat plate of the turbulence generating assembly according to actual application requirements. When the inclination angle of the flat plate increases, the proportion of the lateral velocity component of the air flow increases, which is suitable for working conditions that require stronger turbulence intensity; on the contrary, reducing the inclination angle can reduce the flow resistance and adapt to scenarios where the air supply pressure is limited. The number of guide holes 71 can be dynamically adjusted according to the compressed air flow rate. On the premise of maintaining circumferential symmetry, increasing the number of holes can refine the airflow distribution, and reducing the number of holes is conducive to increasing the flow rate of a single channel. The cone angle parameters of the tapered section can be optimized in combination with the length of the secondary mixed gas gathering chamber 3. The shorter cavity uses a larger cone angle to achieve rapid acceleration, and the longer cavity uses a small cone angle to maintain a smooth velocity gradient. These variants are all based on the same multi-stage mixing principle, and meet the requirements of different kiln working conditions through adaptive adjustment of structural parameters.

[0039] Example 2 like Figure 3 As shown, based on Example 1, this embodiment discloses a vortex generating assembly 4 with enhanced jet control capabilities, and its core feature is reflected in the combined structure of the main and auxiliary holes 42. The main holes 41 are arranged in a radial array along the periphery of the vortex generating assembly 4, and auxiliary holes 42 with smaller radial dimensions are set between adjacent main holes 41. The two types of holes are alternately distributed to form a periodic velocity difference band. The main hole 41 channel maintains a large flow area to maintain the axial momentum of the main airflow, and the auxiliary hole 42 reduces the flow cross-sectional area to enable the gas to obtain a higher injection speed. This layout establishes a velocity gradient field in the initial stage of the jet. The jet from the main hole 41 forms a continuous air curtain layer, and the high-speed jet from the auxiliary hole 42 penetrates the air curtain of the main hole 41 to produce local disturbances. The shear effect induced by this velocity difference becomes the main power source for vortex generation.

[0040] The 42 primary and secondary orifices exhibit a decreasing aperture along the flow direction. The larger cross-sectional area at the inlet reduces flow resistance, while the constricted structure at the outlet enhances jet kinetic energy through acceleration. This decreasing gradient must match the gas pressure curve to ensure a continuous increase in jet velocity throughout its motion. This design maximizes the gas's initial velocity upon exiting the orifice, shortening the jet core and promoting early diffusion and mixing. The aperture variation also influences jet morphology. The smooth transition at the inlet prevents flow separation, while the sharp edge at the outlet creates a clear jet boundary condition.

[0041] In terms of jet angle configuration, the angle between the jet direction of the main hole 41 and the axial direction is ≤15°, and the angle between the jet direction of the auxiliary hole 42 and the axial direction is 25°-40°. In this embodiment, the angle between the axis of the main hole 41 and the axial direction of the device is preferably 10° to ensure that most of the gas maintains an axial motion trajectory. The auxiliary hole 42 adopts 30°, and its jet direction forms a significant angle difference with the main hole 41. This angle difference causes the two types of jets to produce a vector superposition effect in the intersection area. The axial component of the jet from the main hole 41 and the lateral component of the jet from the auxiliary hole 42 combine to form a spiral motion pattern. The outlet end of the auxiliary hole 42 is processed with a rounded transition structure. The arc surface guides the smooth transition of the jet boundary layer, delays the flow separation phenomenon, maintains a stable velocity distribution in the core area of ​​the jet, and avoids premature dissipation of kinetic energy.

[0042] The radial arrangement of the main and auxiliary holes 42 in the circumferential direction forms a symmetrical velocity field distribution, and each main hole 41 and its adjacent auxiliary hole 42 constitute a basic action unit. The jet from the main hole 41 forms an axially propelled main airflow, and the jet from the auxiliary hole 42 generates lateral disturbances on both sides. The speed difference between the two forms periodic pressure fluctuations in the radial direction. This fluctuation promotes momentum exchange between the gas and air molecules at the microscopic scale. The intensity of the effect accumulates with the increase of the jet distance, and eventually forms a self-sustaining vortex structure in the middle of the secondary mixture gathering chamber 3. The optimization of the ratio of the hole arrangement density to the diameter ensures that there is effective interference between adjacent jets without excessive energy loss. The installation and positioning of the vortex generating component 4 requires precise control of the distance from the inlet end of the secondary mixture gathering chamber 3 to ensure that the jet enters the acceleration section after full development. The outlet plane of the main hole 41 maintains a specific distance from the inlet of the tapered section. This distance affects the spatial position of the jet intersection point. Installation too close will result in insufficient shearing action, while installation too far will cause excessive dissipation of kinetic energy. The assembly is flanged to the outlet of the first-stage mixed gas collection chamber, and positioning bosses are machined onto the mating surface to ensure circumferential alignment of the radial channels. During installation, the flow of each channel must be inspected to ensure that machining residues do not alter the jet morphology.

[0043] In this embodiment, in terms of material selection, the vortex generating component 4 is preferably cast from a high-temperature resistant alloy, and the inner wall of the channel is mirror-polished to reduce flow resistance. The fillet radius of the outlet end of the main and auxiliary holes 42 needs to be strictly controlled. Too large a fillet will weaken the sharpness of the jet, while too small a fillet will easily cause stress concentration. The thickness design of the component takes into account both structural strength and weight load, and minimizes the axial dimension while ensuring anti-deformation ability. This structural system achieves efficient conversion of gas jet energy in a limited space through precise matching of geometric parameters, providing ideal mixture conditions for stable combustion.

[0044] During the equipment assembly process of this embodiment, the operator docks the vortex generating assembly 4 with the flange at the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber, and ensures that the radial arrangement direction of the main and auxiliary holes 42 is strictly aligned with the axis of the second-stage mixed gas gathering chamber 3 by means of positioning pins. During installation, a special inspection tool is required to measure the distance between the outlet plane of each channel and the inlet end of the tapered section. This distance controls the free section length required for the full development of the jet. The aperture-decreasing structure of the main hole 41 and the auxiliary hole 42 is processed using a step drilling process. A larger diameter is retained at the inlet end to reduce pressure loss, and the contraction angle is precisely controlled at the outlet end to form an accelerating flow channel.

[0045] After the system is started, the gas is transported to the vortex generating assembly 4 through the central pipeline and enters the main and auxiliary holes 42 channels respectively under the action of pressure. Due to the large flow area of ​​the main hole 41, the gas forms a continuous air curtain at a relatively low speed; the auxiliary hole 42 is limited by the cross-sectional area to produce a high-speed jet, and the speed difference forms a shear layer at the outlet. The jet from the main hole 41 maintains axial propulsion to maintain the flame shape, and the jet from the auxiliary hole 42 cuts into the air curtain of the adjacent main hole 41 at a large inclination angle. The velocity vectors of the two are superimposed to form a spiral motion trajectory. This dynamic process establishes periodic pressure pulsations in the inlet area of ​​the secondary mixed gas gathering chamber 3, prompting the gas and air molecules to produce three-dimensional convection diffusion.

[0046] In actual operation, operators optimize the mixing effect by adjusting the gas distribution ratio. When the gas supply pressure of the main hole 41 is increased, the axial momentum is enhanced and the flame length is extended; increasing the flow rate of the auxiliary hole 42 enhances the lateral mixing efficiency. The jet angle difference design causes the airflow of the auxiliary hole 42 to produce vortex shedding when it contacts the edge of the jet of the main hole 41. The shedding frequency is positively correlated with the jet velocity. This characteristic can be used for active control of combustion oscillations. The rounded corner structure of the auxiliary hole 42 outlet forms a stable wall attachment effect under high-speed airflow, inhibiting premature diffusion of the jet and ensuring that the kinetic energy of the core area is effectively transferred to the deep part of the mixing chamber.

[0047] The structure proposed in this embodiment shows good adaptability to working conditions in actual kiln applications. When processing gases with different calorific values, the mixing intensity can be adjusted by replacing the vortex generating components 4 with different aperture ratios. For high calorific value gases, a smaller diameter of the auxiliary hole 42 is used to enhance the shear effect; for low calorific value gases, the cross-sectional area of ​​the main hole 41 is increased to maintain flame stability. The installation positioning accuracy directly affects the jet interference effect. During on-site construction, a laser centering instrument is required to calibrate the circumferential position of the component to ensure that the radial channel matches the spatial distribution of the kiln combustion chamber. The optimization of operating parameters requires dynamic adjustment in combination with the exhaust gas analysis data. When an increase in unburned components is detected, the air supply ratio of the auxiliary hole 42 is appropriately increased to enhance the turbulent mixing effect.

[0048] In addition, those skilled in the art can further adjust the shape of the cross-section of the hole, for example, changing the circular hole to an elliptical or polygonal shape, and affecting the mixing characteristics by changing the jet aspect ratio. The inclination angle of the auxiliary hole 42 can be dynamically adjusted according to the size of the combustion chamber space. The larger angle is suitable for wide kilns that need to enhance lateral mixing, and the smaller angle is suitable for narrow combustion chambers extending longitudinally. Changing the ratio of the diameters of the main and auxiliary holes 42 can adjust the intensity of the velocity difference. When the diameter of the auxiliary hole 42 is reduced to 60% of the main hole 41, the jet shearing effect reaches peak efficiency. These variants all maintain the core architecture of alternating main and auxiliary holes 42, and adapt to different working conditions through parameter optimization.

[0049] Example 3 In this embodiment, the spatial layout of the injection holes at the end of the gas pipe 6 is optimized. This structure directly affects the initial gas distribution characteristics. Specifically, the gas pipe 6 extends to the end of the pipe section within the primary mixed gas concentration chamber. Two rows of radial injection holes 61 are circumferentially arranged in an upper and lower row. The two rows of holes are axially staggered to form a staggered distribution pattern. The axes of the upper row of holes are located on the same horizontal cross-section, while the lower row of holes is arranged axially at a predetermined distance, with their circumferential position offset by a semi-period relative to the upper row of holes. This layout creates a wavy penetration trajectory for the gas jet in the axial direction while also creating a complementary coverage area in the radial direction, eliminating the concentration streaking phenomenon caused by traditional single-row hole injection.

[0050] During the machining of the injection holes, a graduated fixture is used to ensure uniform circumferential distribution. The axial spacing between the upper and lower rows of holes is determined by the mixing chamber length and the attenuation characteristics of the gas jet. The hole axis is strictly perpendicular to the radial direction of the gas pipe 6. The inlet end is chamfered to reduce flow resistance, and the outlet end maintains a sharp edge structure to maintain the jet shape. The staggered arrangement pattern creates an interference effect between adjacent jets in space. The gas cloud formed by the jets in the upper row of holes intersects with the jets in the lower row in three dimensions. This interference effect disrupts the continuous band distribution of the gas jets, transforming them into discrete atomized particle groups.

[0051] The length of the end of gas pipe 6 extending into the primary mixed gas concentration chamber has been precisely calculated to ensure that the upper and lower rows of jet holes are completely within the air vortex field generated by guide holes 71. The jets from the upper row primarily act on the upper region of the mixing chamber, while the lower row fills the bottom mixing blind zone, achieving full cross-sectional coverage. The matching design of the jet penetration depth and the air vortex radius prevents direct impact of the gas on the chamber walls. The jet terminal velocity decays to a value equivalent to the vortex air velocity, at which point the gas particles achieve suspension and mixing in a state of equilibrium between inertia and air drag.

[0052] Gas pipe 6 is preferably constructed of corrosion-resistant alloy seamless pipe, and the inner wall of the jet hole is polished to reduce flow resistance. The sharp edges of the jet outlet may experience slight wear over time, and the impact of changes in outlet diameter on jet morphology should be regularly monitored. This layout system, through precise control of spatial distribution, establishes a uniform concentration field during the gas injection phase, creating ideal initial conditions for subsequent multi-stage mixing. In practice, the staggered phase angle can be adjusted based on the cross-sectional shape of the kiln. A circular combustion chamber utilizes a uniform phase difference, while a rectangular cross-section accommodates an asymmetric distribution pattern, demonstrating excellent adaptability to operating conditions.

[0053] During the equipment manufacturing phase, operators used a laser aligner to calibrate the concentricity between the end of gas pipe 6 and the primary mixture collection chamber, ensuring accurate circumferential phase distribution of the upper and lower rows of injection holes. A graduated plate coupled with deep-hole drilling was used to machine the staggered holes. After the upper row of holes was evenly distributed circumferentially, gas pipe 6 was axially shifted a predetermined distance before machining the lower row of holes, creating an axially staggered layout. The inlet of the holes was deburred, and sharp edges at the outlet were microscopically inspected to ensure machining consistency and avoid jet deflection caused by abnormal hole morphology in individual holes.

[0054] When the system is operating, fuel gas, driven by pressure, simultaneously enters the upper and lower rows of injection holes. The jets from the upper row penetrate the outer layer of the air swirl field at a higher initial velocity. Due to the axial displacement of the jets from the lower row, their area of ​​action forms a spatial complement to that of the upper row. When the compressed air forms a swirl through the guide holes 71 of flange 7, the upper row of fuel gas jets is deflected by the tangential airflow, forming a spiral diffusion trajectory in the upper part of the cavity. The lower row of jets encounters the attenuated swirling air at the axial displacement point, and the lower flow rate environment promotes the suspension and retention of fuel gas particles. This interlaced action mode of time and space causes the fuel gas concentration field to exhibit continuous gradient changes in both the axial and radial directions, eliminating the periodic concentration peaks produced by the traditional symmetrical hole layout.

[0055] In practical applications, the jet penetration depth can be controlled by adjusting the gas main pressure. When the pressure increases, the risk of the jet breaking through the swirl field and reaching the cavity wall increases. At this time, the compressed air flow rate needs to be increased simultaneously to maintain the swirl intensity. The flow distribution ratio of the upper and lower holes is dynamically adjusted according to the combustion load. Under high-load conditions, all holes are opened to ensure the total flow. Under low load conditions, some lower holes are closed to increase the flow rate of the remaining holes to improve the atomization effect. The matching relationship between the turbulent pulsation frequency generated by jet interference and the natural frequency of the combustion chamber needs to be monitored by a pressure sensor to avoid resonance-induced combustion oscillations.

Claims

1. A vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun, characterized in that: include: A compressed air pipe, a flange and a gas pipe are coaxially sleeved from outside to inside; the end of the gas pipe passes through the flange and extends into the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber; a vortex generating assembly fixed to the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber; The vortex generating assembly is coaxially provided with an air turbulence generating assembly, and the inlet end of the air turbulence generating assembly is connected to the compressed air pipe; The outlet ends of the vortex generating component and the air turbulence generating component are connected with a secondary mixed gas gathering chamber.

2. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The air turbulence generating component includes two coaxially arranged rings, and a plurality of flat plates are arranged along the circumferential direction in the channel between the two rings. The air turbulence generating component is interference-fitted on the outer wall of the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber, and the vortex generating component is arranged on the inner wall of the outlet end of the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber corresponding to the air turbulence generating component.

3. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 2, characterized in that: The flat plate of the air turbulence generating assembly is arranged tilted along the axial direction.

4. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 3, characterized in that: The inclination direction of each flat plate between the double rings is based on the axis of the compressed air pipe, and is alternately arranged in positive and negative directions along the circumferential direction, forming a broken-line airflow path between adjacent flat plates.

5. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The secondary mixed gas gathering chamber is a frustum-shaped tapered section from the inlet end to the outlet end.

6. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to any one of claims 1 to 5, characterized in that: The eddy current generating assembly includes main holes and auxiliary holes with different radial sizes alternately arranged along the periphery toward the center, and the main holes and auxiliary holes are distributed in a radial array along the circumferential direction.

7. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 6, characterized in that: The main holes and the auxiliary holes have decreasing diameters along the flow direction.

8. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 6, characterized in that: The angle between the main hole jet direction and the axial direction is ≤15°, and the angle between the auxiliary hole jet direction and the axial direction is 25°-40°, and the angle difference is used to form an enhanced vortex shear layer; the outlet end of the auxiliary hole is formed with a rounded corner.

9. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: A plurality of radial injection holes are circumferentially opened on the end wall of the gas pipe; the radial injection holes of the gas pipe are divided into two rows, upper and lower, and the two rows of holes are staggered.

10. The vortex generating device for a kiln gas spray gun according to claim 1, characterized in that: The flange is provided with a plurality of guide holes evenly distributed around the circumference, and the air flow in the compressed air pipe enters the first-stage mixed gas gathering chamber from the guide holes.

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