Narrow space positioning method based on double lifting measuring devices

Abstract

The invention discloses a narrow space positioning method based on a double-lifting measuring device, and belongs to the technical field of construction. During positioning, according to the positioning height, the height of the double-lifting measuring device is changed, meanwhile, the height of a centering disc is adjusted to be higher than that of a measuring operation platform, a rear view external point position is adjusted, the distance and the direction are measured, and the direction and the distance of another point position are measured; calculating coordinates of an erection point location, inputting the calculated coordinates for orientation, measuring coordinates of a wall point location, lowering the double-lifting measuring device to a height required to be positioned, and positioning a required position; when the inspection pipeline is positioned, the circular pipeline inspection auxiliary plate assists in positioning. According to the double-lifting measuring device and the positioning method, control point positions do not need to be set in advance, and the double-lifting measuring device is suitable for narrow space, easy and convenient to assemble, flexible in arrangement, capable of being recycled, safe to operate, reliable in protection and wide in application range and meets complex field operation conditions.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention belongs to the field of construction technology and relates to a positioning method, in particular to a narrow space positioning method based on a double lifting measuring device. Background Art

[0002] There are many factories in the nuclear power plant area, and the internal structure of the factories is complex, with different heights and sizes. Especially in the reactor building, the central part often needs to be installed with a construction tower crane due to hoisting. After the concrete is poured, the tower crane is dismantled before installation, and the installation work is involved. The time window is limited. At the same time, there are many special structures, and the construction process is cumbersome. Civil engineering and installation are carried out in a multi-disciplinary manner. The space is narrow, the height difference and depth are large, it is easy to collect water, the environment is complex, and the construction control points are often destroyed, resulting in repeated operations and inconsistent benchmark points. At the same time, because the pipelines are at different heights, the platform needs to be changed frequently during inspection, which reduces labor efficiency. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The present invention provides a narrow space positioning method based on a double-lift measuring device to overcome the defects of the prior art.

[0004] To achieve the above object, the present invention adopts the following technical solutions:

[0005] A narrow space positioning method based on a dual lifting measuring device comprises the following steps:

[0006] S1. Set up a double lifting measuring device in a narrow space, position it in the center and fix it firmly;

[0007] The dual-lift measuring device includes a lifting platform and a telescopic point; the lifting platform includes a measuring operation platform that can be lifted and lowered; the telescopic point includes a centering plate that can be lifted and lowered; the measuring operation platform is annular, and the centering plate is located inside the measuring operation platform;

[0008] S2. Adjust the dual-lift measuring device, lift the centering plate to a position beyond the obstacle and in line of sight with the known point, and lift the measuring operation platform to a position below the centering plate;

[0009] S3, setting up a total station on the centering plate, calculating the coordinates of the setting point by measuring the azimuth and distance from the setting point of the total station to two known points, and inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station;

[0010] S4. Measure the coordinates of wall points in narrow spaces;

[0011] S5. Lower the dual-lift measuring device to a height where the total station can observe the inside and outside of the inspection pipeline, and secure it firmly.

[0012] S6. Calculate the coordinates of the installation point by measuring the orientation and distance from the installation point of the total station to the two wall points, and input the coordinate values ​​into the total station;

[0013] S7. Insert a pipeline inspection auxiliary plate with a marked center point and the same size as the inner diameter of the inspection pipeline into the orifice of the inspection pipeline, measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate, and obtain the coordinates of the measurement point at the orifice; insert the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate into the inspection area inside the inspection pipeline, measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate, and obtain the coordinates of the measurement point at the inspection area inside the pipeline;

[0014] S8. Calculate the position deviation of the inspection pipe opening and the inspection part inside the pipe based on the coordinates of the measurement points, including radius deviation, azimuth deviation and elevation deviation;

[0015] S9. Calculate the concentricity deviation of the inspection pipeline based on the coordinates and position deviations of the measurement points at the pipe opening and the inspection location inside the pipeline;

[0016] S10. Measure other detection positions in the narrow space except the pipeline, obtain the coordinates of the measurement points, and calculate the position deviation, including radius deviation, azimuth deviation, and elevation deviation.

[0017] To optimize the above technical solutions, specific measures taken also include:

[0018] Furthermore, in S1, the lifting platform also includes a ballasted concrete base and telescopic legs of a hydraulic lift device; the ballasted concrete base is fixed on the ground; the telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift device are installed on the ballasted concrete base, and the measuring operation platform is installed on the top of the telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift device, and the telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift device drive the measuring operation platform to rise and fall; a protective cage is provided on the outside of the measuring operation platform.

[0019] Furthermore, in S1, the telescopic point also includes a sleeve telescopic rod; the sleeve telescopic rod is installed on the center of the weighted concrete base through the base embedded parts and can be telescopic; the centering plate is fixed on the top of the sleeve telescopic rod.

[0020] Furthermore, in S2, the measurement operation platform is 1.0 to 1.5 m lower than the centering plate, preferably 1.2 m.

[0021] Furthermore, in S3, the angle between the total station installation point and the two known points is 90±30°.

[0022] Furthermore, in S3, after inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station, the known points are re-looked back, the coordinate position of the third known point is checked and the check is qualified; in S4, no less than three wall points are measured; in S6, after inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station, the wall points are re-looked back, the coordinate position of the third wall point is checked and the check is qualified.

[0023] Furthermore, in S7, the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate is provided with an operating handle, and the operating handle is fixed at a non-center position on one side of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate.

[0024] Furthermore, in S8, the position deviation is calculated as follows:

[0025] R=(X 测 -X 圆心 )COSα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )SINα;

[0026] T=-(X 测 -X 圆心 )SINα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )COSα;

[0027] ΔH=Z 测 -Z 中心 ;

[0028] Where R is the radius from the measuring point (inspection pipe) to the center of the structure, T is the azimuth deviation of the measuring point, ΔH is the elevation deviation of the measuring point, α is the azimuth angle from the center of the structure to the measuring point, (X 测 ,Y 测 ,Z 测 ) is the coordinate of the measuring point, (X 圆心 ,Y 圆心 ) is the coordinate of the center point of the structure, Z 中心 To check the center elevation of the design position of the pipeline.

[0029] Furthermore, in S9, the concentricity deviation is calculated as follows:

[0030] δ 平面 =T 口 -T 里 ;

[0031] δ 高程 =Z 口 -Z 里 ;

[0032] Where, δ 平面 is the concentricity deviation of the plane, δ 高程 is the concentricity deviation of the elevation, T 口 is the orientation deviation of the nozzle, T里 is the orientation deviation of the inner inspection part, Z 口 is the elevation of the nozzle, Z 里 It is the elevation of the inner inspection part.

[0033] Furthermore, in S10, the position deviation is calculated as follows:

[0034] R=(X 测 -X 圆心 )COSα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )SINα;

[0035] T=-(X 测 -X 圆心 )SINα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )COSα;

[0036] Where R is the radius from the measuring point (or other detection position) to the center of the structure, T is the azimuth deviation of the measuring point, ΔH is the elevation deviation of the measuring point, α is the azimuth angle from the center of the structure to the measuring point, (X 测 ,Y 测 ,Z 测 ) is the coordinate of the measuring point, (X 圆心 , Y center) is the coordinate of the center point of the structure.

[0037] The beneficial effects of the present invention are as follows: the present invention provides a narrow space positioning method based on a dual-lift measuring device. During positioning, the height of the dual-lift measuring device is changed according to the positioning height, and the centering plate is adjusted to be higher than the measuring operating platform. The external point is looked back at, the distance and orientation are measured, and the orientation and distance of another point are measured at the same time. The coordinates of the erection point are calculated, the calculated coordinate orientation is input, the coordinates of the wall point are measured, the dual-lift measuring device is lowered to the required positioning height, and the required position is located. When positioning and inspecting the pipeline, the circular pipeline inspection auxiliary plate assists in positioning. The pipeline inspection auxiliary plate extends into the middle part of the inspection pipeline by adding an operating handle to locate the inspection part inside the inspection pipeline. This method has the following advantages:

[0038] 1. The dual-lift measuring device of the present invention can be quickly installed and is also applicable to environments where there is water on the bottom plate. The dual-lift measuring device 3 and the positioning method do not require setting control points in advance.

[0039] 2. It is applicable to both before and after concrete. Before concrete, it is generally operated from bottom to top, and after concrete, it is operated from top to bottom.

[0040] 3. Concrete pipes can detect the position of the pipe mouth and the inside of the pipe, and the entire quality can be evaluated in an all-round way.

[0041] Fourth, the dual-lift measuring device can adjust its height according to the measurement point's needs. Using an automatically elevating measuring platform, the operator remotely adjusts the required height, effectively resolving issues such as obstructed vision, repeated platform assembly and disassembly, and significant labor and material investment. This device improves accuracy, shortens work time, reduces labor intensity, and increases efficiency. It is flexible, reusable, environmentally friendly, and low-cost. Suitable for a variety of complex construction environments, it boasts wide application potential, is stable and reliable, and offers scientific advancements, convenience, and speed. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0042] Figure 1 It is a schematic diagram of the overall positioning plane;

[0043] Figure 2 It is a plan view of the positioning center;

[0044] Figure 3 It is a schematic elevation diagram of the positioning center;

[0045] Figure 4 It is a schematic diagram of pipeline inspection auxiliary device;

[0046] The marks in the attached drawings are: 1. Center ring wall; 2-1. Factory wall point I; 2-2. Factory wall point II; 2-3. Factory wall point III; 3. Double lifting measuring device; 31. Lifting platform; 311. Measuring operation platform; 312. Ballasted concrete base; 313. Telescopic legs of hydraulic lifting equipment; 314. Guard cage; 32. Telescopic point; 321. Centering plate; 322. Casing telescopic rod; 4-1. Wall point I; 4-2. Wall point II; 4-3. Wall point III; 4-4. Wall point IV; 51. Pipeline inspection auxiliary plate; 511. Connection hole; 52. Operating handle; 521. Nut; 6. Check the pipeline. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0047] The present invention will be further described below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0048] The coordinates of the center point of the reactor building in this embodiment are (A1704.900, B566.100). Central ring wall 1 is located in a narrow, circular area with a large elevation difference. Its inner radius is 2.08m, its outer radius is 3.50m, and its height is 8.45m. The center orientation of the inspection pipe is 45°, and the designed center elevation of inspection pipe 6 is 3.260m. The coordinates of building wall point I2-1 are (A1722.8909, B566.0756), the coordinates of building wall point II2-2 are (A1704.7912, B548.0956), and the coordinates of building wall point III2-3 are (A1704.9125, B583.0056).

[0049] This embodiment provides a narrow space positioning method based on a dual lifting measurement device, including the following steps:

[0050] S1. Install a double lifting measuring device 3 in the center of the plant floor space and fix it firmly.

[0051] like Figures 1 to 3 As shown, the dual-lift measuring device 3 includes a lifting platform 31 and a telescopic point 32. The lifting platform 31 includes a lifting and lowering measuring operation platform 311. The telescopic point 32 includes a lifting and lowering centering plate 321. The measuring operation platform 311 is annular, and the centering plate 321 is located inside the measuring operation platform 311.

[0052] Specifically, the lifting platform 31 also includes a ballasted concrete base 312 and telescopic hydraulic lift legs 313. The ballasted concrete base 312 is fixed to the ground. The telescopic hydraulic lift legs 313 are mounted on the ballasted concrete base 312. The measurement platform is mounted on top of the telescopic hydraulic lift legs 313, which drive the measurement platform up and down. A protective cage 314 is provided on the outside of the measurement platform 311.

[0053] The telescopic point 32 also includes a sleeve telescopic rod 322. The sleeve telescopic rod 322 is vertically arranged on the weighted concrete base 312 of the lifting platform 31 and can be telescopic. The centering plate 321 is fixed to the top of the sleeve telescopic rod 322.

[0054] S2. Raise the dual-lift measuring device 3. The centering plate 321 is beyond the platform board obstacle and the rear-view point can be observed. The measuring operation platform 311 is raised and lowered to 1.2m lower than the centering plate 321.

[0055] S3. Set up a total station on the centering plate 321. Measure the bearing of the plant wall point II (known point) 2-2 (A1704.7912, B548.0956) from the setting point to the known point, which is 12°23′35.2″ and the distance is 18.0071m. Measure the bearing of another plant wall point I (known point) 2-1 (A1722.8909, B566.0756) to be 102°38′51.4″ and the distance is 17.9929m. Calculate the coordinates of the setting point and get (A1704.8980, B566.10 20), input the coordinate value into the total station, re-look at the factory wall point Ⅱ2-2 (A1704.7912, B548.0956), set the azimuth to 269°39′36.6″, and check the factory wall point Ⅰ2-1 (A1722.8909, B566.0756) azimuth 359°54′54.8″, which is qualified, check the factory wall point Ⅲ2-3 (A1704.9125, B5830056), measure the coordinates (A1704.9131, B583.0057), which meets the requirements.

[0056] S4. Use reflective sheet cross marks to mark the wall points in the narrow space, and measure four points: wall point Ⅰ4-1 (A1706.9702, B565.8608), wall point Ⅱ4-2 (A1705.2263, B568.1572), wall point Ⅲ4-3 (A11702.8661, B566.5493), and wall point Ⅳ4-4 (A1704.5463, B564.0484).

[0057] S5. Lower the double-lift measuring device 3 to the center elevation of the total station at about 3.260m, where the height inside and outside of the inspection pipeline can be observed and fixed firmly.

[0058] S6. Measure the bearing of wall point IV4-4 (A1704.5463, B564.0484) to 10°00′45.4″ and the distance to 2.0820m. At the same time, measure the bearing of wall point I4-1 (A1706.9702, B565.8608) to 103°15′36.4″ and the distance to 2.0818m. Calculate the coordinates of the erection point (A1704.9021 , B566.0998), input the coordinate values ​​into the total station, re-look at the azimuth 260°09′37.3″ of wall point Ⅳ4-4 (A1704.5463, B564.0484), check wall point Ⅱ4-2 (A1705.2263, B568.1572), and measure the coordinates (A1705.2258, B568.1576), which meets the requirements.

[0059] S7, using the pipeline inspection auxiliary device to locate and inspect pipeline 6. Figure 4As shown, the pipeline inspection auxiliary device includes a pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 and an operating handle 52. The pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 is a circular plate that matches the cross-section of the inspection pipeline and has a connecting hole 511 extending through it at a non-center portion. The end of the operating handle 52 passes through the connecting hole 511 and is secured to a non-center portion of one side of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 via a nut 521. The operating handle 52 facilitates inserting the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 into the inspection area within the pipeline.

[0060] Insert the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 into the pipe mouth of the inspection pipe 6, measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 5 (A1706.3726, B567.5711, Z3.2622), insert the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 5 into the inspection position inside the inspection pipe 6 through the operating handle 52, and measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate 51 (A1706.9654, B568.1635, Z3.2615).

[0061] S8. Calculate and check the position deviation of pipeline 6:

[0062] R 口 =(1706.3726-1704.9000)COS45°+(567.5711-566.100)SIN45°=2.0815;

[0063] T 口 =-(1706.3726-1704.9000)SIN45°+(567.5711-566.100)COS45°=-0.0011m;

[0064] ΔH 口 =3.2622-3.260=0.0022m;

[0065] R 里 =(1706.9654-1704.9000)COS45°+(568.1635-566.100)SIN45°=2.9196m;

[0066] T 里 =-(1706.9654-1704.9000)SIN45°+(568.1635-566.100)COS45°=-0.0013m;

[0067] ΔH 里 =3.2615-3.260=0.0015m;

[0068] Where R 口 is the radius from the nozzle to the center of the reactor building, T 口 is the azimuth deviation of the nozzle, ΔH 口 is the elevation deviation of the nozzle, R里 T is the radius from the inspection point inside the pipeline to the center of the reactor building, 里 ΔH is the orientation deviation of the inspection part inside the pipeline. 里 is the elevation deviation of the inspection part inside the pipeline, 45° is the azimuth from the center of the reactor building to the inspection pipeline 6, (A1704.900, B566.100) is the coordinate of the center point of the reactor building, and 3.260m is the elevation of the design position center of the inspection pipeline 6.

[0069] S9. Calculate and inspect the concentricity deviation of pipeline 6:

[0070] δ 平面 =-0.0011-(-0.0013)=0.0002m;

[0071] δ 高程 =3.2622-3.2615=0.0007m;

[0072] Where, δ 平面 is the concentricity deviation of the plane, δ 高程 is the concentricity deviation of the elevation.

[0073] The concentricity deviation is less than 1mm, meeting the quality requirements.

[0074] S10, measure the wall and stake out the 22.5° position:

[0075] Measure the coordinates (A1706.8235, B566.8907) near the 22.5° position on the wall;

[0076] R 墙 =(1706.8235-1704.9000)COS22.5°+(566.8907-566.100)SIN22.5°=2.0797;

[0077] T 墙 =-(1706.8235-1704.9000)SIN22.5°+(566.8907-566.100)COS22.5°=-0.0055m;

[0078] Move 5mm clockwise and remeasure the coordinates (A1706.8217, B566.8951);

[0079] R 墙 =(1706.8217-1704.9000)COS22.5°+(566.8951-566.100)SIN22.5°=2.0797;

[0080] T 墙=-(1706.8217-1704.9000)SIN22.5°+(566.8951-566.100)COS22.5°=-0.0008m;

[0081] After meeting the requirements, mark and locate other directions.

[0082] In the present invention, unless otherwise specified, the scientific and technical terms used herein have the meanings commonly understood by those skilled in the art.

[0083] It should be noted that the terms such as "upper", "lower", "left", "right", "front", "back", etc. cited in the invention are only for the convenience of description and are not used to limit the scope of implementation of the present invention. Changes or adjustments to their relative relationships should be regarded as the scope of implementation of the present invention without substantially changing the technical content.

[0084] Finally, it should be noted that the above descriptions are merely preferred embodiments of the present invention and are not intended to limit the present invention. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art will be able to modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments or substitute equivalents for some of the technical features. Any modifications, equivalent substitutions, and improvements made within the spirit and principles of the present invention shall be included within the scope of protection of the present invention.

Claims

1. A narrow space positioning method based on a dual lifting measuring device, characterized by: The following steps are involved: S1. Set up a double lifting measuring device in the narrow space, and position it in the center; The dual-lift measuring device includes a lifting platform and a telescopic point; the lifting platform includes a measuring operation platform that can be lifted and lowered; the telescopic point includes a centering plate that can be lifted and lowered; the measuring operation platform is annular, and the centering plate is located inside the measuring operation platform; S2. Adjust the dual-lift measuring device, raise the centering plate to a position beyond the obstacle and in line of sight with the known point, and raise the measuring operation platform to a position below the centering plate; S3, setting up a total station on the centering plate, calculating the coordinates of the setting point by measuring the azimuth and distance from the setting point of the total station to two known points, and inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station; S4. Measure the coordinates of wall points in narrow spaces; S5. Lower the dual-lift measuring device to a height where the total station can observe the inside and outside of the inspection pipeline; S6. Calculate the coordinates of the installation point by measuring the orientation and distance from the installation point of the total station to the two wall points, and input the coordinate values ​​into the total station; S7. Insert a pipeline inspection auxiliary plate with a marked center point and the same size as the inner diameter of the inspection pipeline into the orifice of the inspection pipeline, measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate, and obtain the coordinates of the measurement point at the orifice; insert the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate into the inspection area inside the inspection pipeline, measure the center coordinates of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate, and obtain the coordinates of the measurement point at the inspection area inside the pipeline; S8. Calculate the position deviation of the pipe opening and the inspection part inside the pipe based on the coordinates of the measurement points, including the radius from the measurement point to the center of the structure, the azimuth deviation of the measurement point, and the elevation deviation of the measurement point; S9. Calculate the concentricity deviation of the inspection pipeline based on the coordinates and position deviations of the measurement points at the pipe opening and the inspection location inside the pipeline; S10. Measure other detection positions in the narrow space except for the pipeline, obtain the coordinates of the measurement points, and calculate the position deviation, including the radius from the measurement point to the center of the structure and the azimuth deviation of the measurement point.

2. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S1, the lifting platform further comprises a weighted concrete base and telescopic legs of a hydraulic lift device; The weighted concrete base is fixed to the ground; The telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift equipment are installed on a weighted concrete base, and the measuring operation platform is installed on the top of the telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift equipment. The telescopic legs of the hydraulic lift equipment drive the measuring operation platform to rise and fall; There is a protective cage on the outside of the measuring operation platform.

3. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 2 is characterized in that: In said S1, said telescopic point further comprises a sleeve telescopic rod; The sleeve telescopic rod is installed on the center of the weighted concrete base through the base embedded parts and can be telescopic; the centering plate is fixed on the top end of the sleeve telescopic rod.

4. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S2, the measurement operation platform is 1.0 to 1.5 meters lower than the centering plate.

5. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, the angle between the total station installation point and the two known points is 90±30°.

6. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S3, after inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station, the known points are back-looked again to check the coordinate position of the third known point and verify that it is qualified; In said S4, no less than three wall points are measured; in said S6, after inputting the coordinate values ​​into the total station, the wall points are re-looked back and the coordinate position of the third wall point is checked and checked for qualification.

7. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In the above-mentioned S7, the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate is provided with an operating handle, and the operating handle is fixed at a non-center position on one side of the pipeline inspection auxiliary plate.

8. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1 is characterized in that: In S8, the position deviation is calculated as follows: R=(X 测 -X 圆心 )COSα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )SINα; T=-(X 测 -X 圆心 )SINα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )COSα; ΔH=Z 测 -Z 中心 ; Where R is the radius from the measuring point to the center of the structure, T is the azimuth deviation of the measuring point, ΔH is the elevation deviation of the measuring point, α is the azimuth angle from the center of the structure to the measuring point, (X 测 ,Y 测 ,Z 测 ) is the coordinate of the measuring point, (X 圆心 ,Y 圆心 ) is the coordinate of the center point of the structure, Z 中心 To check the center elevation of the design position of the pipeline.

9. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S9, the concentricity deviation is calculated as follows: δ 平面 =T 口 -T 里 ; δ 高程 =Z 口 -WITH 里 ; Where, δ 平面 is the concentricity deviation of the plane, δ 高程 is the concentricity deviation of the elevation, T 口 is the orientation deviation of the nozzle, T 里 is the orientation deviation of the inner inspection part, Z 口 is the elevation of the nozzle, Z 里 It is the elevation of the inner inspection area.

10. The narrow space positioning method based on the dual lifting measurement device according to claim 1, characterized in that: In S10, the position deviation is calculated as follows: R=(X 测 -X 圆心 )COSα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )SINα; T=-(X 测 -X 圆心 )SINα+(Y 测 -Y 圆心 )COSα; Where R is the radius from the measuring point to the center of the structure, T is the azimuth deviation of the measuring point, ΔH is the elevation deviation of the measuring point, α is the azimuth angle from the center of the structure to the measuring point, (X 测 ,Y 测 ,Z 测 ) is the coordinate of the measuring point, (X 圆心 ,Y 圆心 ) are the coordinates of the center point of the structure.

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