Antenna and communication equipment

Abstract

The invention provides an antenna and communication equipment, relates to the technical field of communication, and aims to solve the problem of high difficulty in laying a feed network. The antenna provided by the invention comprises a reflecting plate and a dielectric substrate, the dielectric substrate is arranged on the reflecting surface of the reflecting plate and is vertical to the reflecting surface; the antenna further comprises a transmitting radiator, a receiving radiator and a feed network. The transmitting radiator and the receiving radiator are arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate. At least one part of the feed network is arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate; the feed network is connected with the emission radiator and is used for exciting the emission radiator to emit electromagnetic waves outwards; the feed network is connected with the receiving radiator and is used for receiving external electromagnetic waves received by the receiving radiator. According to the antenna provided by the invention, the transceiving isolation of the antenna can be effectively improved by adopting a transceiving separation mode, the communication quality and the data transmission rate of the antenna can be effectively improved, and in addition, the dielectric substrate is vertical to the reflecting plate, so that the wiring pressure of a feeder line can be effectively reduced.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of communication technology, and in particular to an antenna and a communication device. Background Art

[0002] With the continuous development of wireless communication systems, the communication quality and data transmission rate of antennas have been greatly improved. The use of antennas with frequency bands above 6G (upper6G, U6G) can effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the communication system. In addition, the use of antennas with separate transmit and receive can also effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the communication system. However, this will cause the number of antenna ports to increase exponentially, and the wiring difficulty of the feed network will also become higher. Moreover, this problem is particularly prominent in antennas using the U6G frequency band. In addition, the structure of the antenna with separate transmit and receive is too large, which will also increase the design difficulty of the entire antenna system. Therefore, in the U6G application scenario, how to simplify the structure of the antenna with separate transmit and receive and reduce the size of the antenna is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently. Summary of the Invention

[0003] The embodiments of the present application provide an antenna and communication equipment with a simple structure and small size, which are convenient for the layout of a feed network.

[0004] In a first aspect, the present application provides an antenna comprising a reflector and a dielectric substrate. The reflector has a reflective surface, and the dielectric substrate is disposed on the reflective surface and is perpendicular to the reflective surface. The antenna further comprises a transmitting radiator, a receiving radiator, and a feeding network, wherein the transmitting radiator and the receiving radiator are both disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate. At least a portion of the feeding network is disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate. The transmitting radiator is used to transmit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, and the receiving radiator is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world. The feeding network is connected to the transmitting radiator and is used to excite the transmitting radiator to transmit electromagnetic waves outward. The feeding network is connected to the receiving radiator and is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world received by the receiving radiator. In the antenna provided in the present application, the transmitting radiator is used to transmit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, and the receiving radiator is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world. That is, the use of a transmit-receive separation method can effectively improve the transmit-receive isolation of the antenna, and can effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the antenna. Furthermore, the dielectric substrate is perpendicular to the reflector, and both the radiator and the receiver are located on the dielectric substrate. This effectively reduces the substrate's footprint on the reflector, allowing for the placement of more radiators and receivers on the reflective surface. This also provides more space for feed components such as phase shifters and filters in the feed network, effectively reducing feeder wiring pressure.

[0005] In one example, the dielectric substrate includes a rectangular frame. The emitting radiator includes a first polarized emitting radiator and a second polarized emitting radiator. The receiving radiator includes a first polarized receiving radiator and a second polarized receiving radiator. The first polarized emitting radiator and the first polarized receiving radiator are respectively located at two opposite corners of the rectangular frame, and the second polarized emitting radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator are respectively located at the other two opposite corners of the rectangular frame. Through the structural form of the rectangular frame, the spatial layout requirements of the dual-polarized radiators can be met, so that the first polarized emitting radiator, the second polarized emitting radiator, the first polarized receiving radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator can all be effectively arranged on the surface of the rectangular frame. In addition, the space enclosed by the rectangular frame can also provide an effective installation position for feeding devices such as phase shifters or filters in the feeding network, which is conducive to improving the compact layout and miniaturized design of the antenna.

[0006] In one example, the antenna further includes a ground layer. The transmitting radiator, receiving radiator, and ground layer are all located on the outer surface of the rectangular frame. One end of the ground layer is connected to the first polarized transmitting radiator, the second polarized transmitting radiator, the first polarized receiving radiator, and the second polarized receiving radiator, and the other end of the ground layer extends to the reflecting surface. Providing a ground layer provides a reference ground for the feeder lines in the feed network, facilitating feeder line layout.

[0007] For example, in one example, the feed network includes a first feed line located on the inner surface of the rectangular frame, and a vertical projection of the first feed line on the ground layer is located within the ground layer, so that the feed signal can be effectively transmitted between the first feed line and the ground layer.

[0008] In a specific configuration, the first feed line and the ground layer are respectively located on two opposite surfaces of the dielectric substrate, so that the first feed line and the ground layer can together form a microstrip line for achieving effective transmission of the feed signal.

[0009] The first feed line can be divided into two: one first feed line is connected to the first polarized radiator, and the other first feed line is connected to the second polarized radiator.

[0010] In one example, the dielectric substrate further includes a side panel located outside the rectangular frame. The feed network further includes a second feed line located on a surface of the side panel, with a vertical projection of the second feed line on the ground layer located within the ground layer. This allows for efficient transmission of feed signals between the second feed line and the ground layer.

[0011] In a specific configuration, the second feeding line and the ground layer may together form an air-suspended microstrip line for achieving effective transmission of the feeding signal.

[0012] The second feeder can be divided into two, one second feeder is connected to the first polarization receiving radiator, and the other second feeder is connected to the second polarization receiving radiator.

[0013] In a specific configuration, the first polarized transmitting radiator, the first polarized receiving radiator, the second polarized transmitting radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator each include two radiating arms, and the two radiating arms of each radiator are respectively located at two adjacent sides of the corners of the rectangular frame.

[0014] In one example, the dielectric substrate includes multiple rectangular frames, which are spaced apart along a first direction. Alternatively, the multiple rectangular frames are spaced apart along a second direction. Alternatively, the multiple rectangular frames are spaced apart along a first direction and a second direction. The first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the reflective surface, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction. Providing multiple rectangular frames provides effective layout area for more transmitting and receiving radiators, thereby improving the signal transmission quality and capacity of the antenna.

[0015] When setting up the feeder, a portion of the feeder is placed on the reflector, while another portion is placed on the dielectric substrate. It is understood that both the first and second feeders can be considered feeders. This means that when laying out the feeder, the location, layout, and routing of the feeder can be appropriately configured based on actual needs, offering considerable flexibility.

[0016] In one example, the feed network further includes multiple feed components, at least some of which are disposed within the space enclosed by the rectangular frame. These feed components include, but are not limited to, phase shifters and filters. The type and quantity of these feed components can be appropriately configured based on actual needs. Furthermore, in the antenna provided herein, the interior space defined by the rectangular frame provides an effective mounting location for the feed components, facilitating a miniaturized antenna design.

[0017] In a second aspect, the present application also provides a communication device comprising a radio frequency transmitting circuit, a radio frequency receiving circuit, and any of the above-mentioned antennas. The radio frequency transmitting circuit is connected to the transmitting radiator via a feed network, and the radio frequency receiving circuit is connected to the receiving radiator via a feed network. By adopting the above-mentioned antenna, the communication device has a signal transmission effect with separate transmission and reception. In addition, the use of the above-mentioned antenna can realize a vertical design of the radiator and the feed network, which helps to reduce the difficulty of laying out the feed network. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] Figure 1 A schematic diagram of an application scenario of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0019] Figure 2A simplified structural diagram of a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0020] Figure 3 A simplified structural diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0021] Figure 4 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0022] Figure 5 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of a dielectric substrate provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0023] Figure 6 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application without the dielectric substrate;

[0024] Figure 7 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0025] Figure 8 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0026] Figure 9 A schematic diagram of the planar structure of a side panel provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0027] Figure 10 A structural framework diagram of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0028] Figure 11 A schematic diagram of a planar structure of an antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0029] Figure 12 A schematic diagram of the three-dimensional structure of another antenna provided in an embodiment of the present application;

[0030] Figure 13 A structural block diagram of a communication device provided in an embodiment of the present application. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0031] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings.

[0032] To facilitate understanding of the antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application, the following first introduces its application scenarios.

[0033] The antenna provided in the embodiments of the present application can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radars to realize wireless communication functions.

[0034] like Figure 1As shown, the application scenario may include a base station and a terminal. Wireless communication can be achieved between the base station and the terminal. The base station can be located in a base bastion subsystem (BBS), a terrestrial radio access network (UMTS terrestrial radio access network, UTRAN) or an evolved terrestrial radio access network (E-UTRAN), and is used to provide cell coverage of wireless signals to enable communication between the terminal device and the wireless network. Specifically, the base station can be a base transceiver station (BTS) in a global system for mobile communications (GSM) or a (code division multiple access, CDMA) system, or a node B (NB) in a wideband code division multiple access (WCDMA) system, or an evolved node B (eNB or eNodeB) in a long term evolution (LTE) system, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Alternatively, the base station may also be a relay station, an access point, a vehicle-mounted device, a wearable device, a g-node (gNodeB or gNB) in a new radio (NR) system, or a base station in a future evolved network, etc., and the embodiments of the present application are not limited thereto.

[0035] The antenna in this application can also be used in access network equipment, which is sometimes also referred to as an access node. The access network equipment has wireless transceiver functions and is used to communicate with the terminal. Access network equipment includes but is not limited to base stations (base stations) in the above-mentioned communication systems, evolved NodeBs (eNodeBs), transmission reception points (TRPs), next-generation base stations (nextgeneration NodeBs, gNBs) in 5G mobile communication systems, next-generation base stations in 6th generation (6G) mobile communication systems, access network equipment or modules of access network equipment in open access network ORAN (open RAN, ORAN) systems, base stations in future mobile communication systems, or access nodes in WiFi systems. The access network equipment can also be a module or unit that can implement some functions of a base station. For example, the access network equipment can be a centralized unit (CU), a distributed unit (DU), a CU-control plane (CP), a CU-user plane (UP), or a radio unit (RU), etc., as described below. Among them, in the ORAN system, CU can also be called O-CU, DU can also be called open (O)-DU, CU-CP can also be called O-CU-CP, CU-UP can also be called O-CUP-UP, and RU can also be called O-RU. The access network device can be a macro base station, a micro base station or an indoor station, a relay node or a donor node, or a wireless controller in a cloud radio access network (CRAN) scenario. Optionally, the access network device can also be a server, a wearable device, or an on-board device. For example, the access network device in the vehicle to everything (V2X) technology can be a road side unit (RSU). Multiple access network devices in the communication system can be base stations of the same type or different types. The base station can communicate with the terminal or communicate with the terminal through a relay station. The terminal can communicate with multiple base stations in different access technologies.

[0036] like Figure 2As shown, a base station provided in an embodiment of the present application includes a base station antenna feed system. In practical applications, the base station antenna feed system primarily comprises an antenna 01, a feed line 02, and a grounding device 03. Antenna 01 is typically mounted on a mast 04, and its downtilt angle can be adjusted using an antenna adjustment bracket 05 to adjust the signal coverage range of antenna 01 to a certain extent.

[0037] In addition, the base station may further include a radio frequency processing unit 06 and a baseband processing unit 20. For example, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna 01, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit 20, or the radio frequency processing unit 06 may be used to convert the intermediate frequency signal sent by the baseband processing unit 20 into a wireless signal through the antenna 01 after up-conversion and amplification processing. The baseband processing unit 20 may be connected to the feed network of the antenna 01 through the radio frequency processing unit 06. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit 06 may also be referred to as a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit 20 may also be referred to as a baseband unit (BBU).

[0038] like Figure 2 As shown, in one possible embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 may be integrated with the antenna 01, while the baseband processing unit 20 is located at the remote end of the antenna 01. The RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be connected via a feeder 02. In another embodiment, the RF processing unit 06 and the baseband processing unit 20 may be located at the remote end of the antenna 01 at the same time.

[0039] Please refer to Figure 2 and Figure 3 As shown, antenna 01 used in a base station may also include a radome 011, a reflector 012 located within radome 011, and a feed network 013. Reflector 012 may also be referred to as a base plate. The primary function of feed network 013 is to feed signals to radiator 014 at a predetermined amplitude and phase, or to transmit wireless signals received by radiator 014 to baseband processing unit 20 of the base station at a predetermined amplitude and phase. It is understood that, in specific implementations, feed network 013 may include at least one of a phase shifter, a combiner, a transmission or calibration network, or a filter. This application does not limit the components, types, or functions that feed network 013 can perform.

[0040] Of course, the above-mentioned antenna 01 can also be applied to various other types of communication devices, and this application does not limit the application scenarios of the antenna 01.

[0041] The radome 011 has excellent electrical properties, such as good electromagnetic wave penetration, which does not affect the normal transmission and reception of electromagnetic waves between the radiator 014 and the outside world. In terms of mechanical properties, the radome 011 has excellent stress resistance and oxidation resistance, allowing it to withstand the erosion of harsh external environments.

[0042] Radiator 014, also known as an oscillator, is the basic unit of the antenna structure, effectively transmitting or receiving electromagnetic waves. Antenna 01 can include multiple radiators 014, which can also be used in an array. In specific applications, radiators 014 can be divided into single-polarization and dual-polarization types. During specific configuration, the type of radiator 014 can be appropriately selected based on actual needs.

[0043] With the continuous development of mobile communication technology, the industry has significantly improved the communication quality and data transmission rate of antenna 01. Using antenna 01 in the 6G and above (U6G) frequency band can effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the communication system. In addition, using a separate transmit and receive antenna can also effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the communication system. However, this will cause the number of antenna ports to increase exponentially, and the wiring difficulty of the feed network will also increase. Moreover, this problem is particularly prominent in antennas using the U6G frequency band. In addition, the oversized structure of the separate transmit and receive antenna will also increase the design difficulty of the entire antenna system. Therefore, in the U6G application scenario, how to simplify the separate transmit and receive antenna structure and reduce the antenna size is a technical problem that needs to be solved urgently.

[0044] To this end, the embodiments of the present application provide an antenna and communication equipment with a simple structure, small size, and convenient for the layout of a feed network.

[0045] In order to make the purpose, technical solutions and advantages of this application clearer, this application will be further described in detail below with reference to the accompanying drawings and specific embodiments.

[0046] like Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the antenna 10 includes a reflector 11 and a dielectric substrate 12. The reflector 11 has a reflective surface 110, and the dielectric substrate 12 is arranged on the reflective surface 110 and is perpendicular to the reflective surface 110. The antenna 10 also includes a transmitting radiator (such as a first polarized transmitting radiator 13 and a second polarized transmitting radiator 14), a receiving radiator (such as a first polarized receiving radiator 15 and a second polarized receiving radiator 16) and a feeding network (not shown in the figure). The transmitting radiator and the receiving radiator are both arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 12. At least a part of the feeding network is arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate 12. The transmitting radiator is used to transmit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, and the receiving radiator is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world. The feeding network is connected to the transmitting radiator and is used to excite the transmitting radiator to transmit electromagnetic waves outward. The feeding network is connected to the receiving radiator and is used to receive the electromagnetic waves from the outside world received by the receiving radiator.

[0047] In the antenna 10 provided in the present application, the emitting radiator is used to emit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, and the receiving radiator is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world. That is, the use of a transmit-receive separation method can effectively improve the transmit-receive isolation of the antenna 10, and can effectively improve the communication quality and data transmission rate of the antenna 10. In addition, the dielectric substrate 12 is perpendicular to the reflector 11, and the emitting radiator and the receiving radiator are both arranged on the dielectric substrate 12, which can effectively reduce the board area occupied by the dielectric substrate 12 on the reflector 11, so that more emitting radiators and receiving radiators can be arranged on the reflective surface 110 of the reflector 11. In addition, it can also provide more layout area for feeding devices such as phase shifters or filters in the feeding network, and can also effectively reduce the wiring pressure of the feeder. Among them, the dielectric substrate 12 is perpendicular to the reflective surface 110 of the reflector 11, which means that the angle between the dielectric substrate 12 and the reflective surface 110 is 90° or about 90°, that is, the dielectric substrate 12 is approximately perpendicular to the reflective surface 110.

[0048] It should be noted that, in practical applications, the dielectric substrate 12 can be a substrate used to manufacture printed circuit boards (PCBs), or other types. In a specific configuration, the thickness of the dielectric substrate 12 can be approximately 0.7 mm, 0.762 mm, 0.8 mm, etc. Furthermore, the dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 12 can be, for example, approximately 3. In a specific configuration, parameters such as the type, size, and dielectric constant of the dielectric substrate 12 can be appropriately selected based on actual needs and are not specifically limited herein.

[0049] In addition, the emitting radiator and the receiving radiator may be conductive patterns located on the surface of the dielectric substrate 12. In specific configurations, the type, structure, shape and other parameters of the emitting radiator and the receiving radiator may be reasonably configured according to actual needs.

[0050] In specific configurations, the antenna 10 may have various structural types.

[0051] For example, Figure 5 As shown, in an example provided in the present application, the dielectric substrate 12 includes a rectangular frame, and the emitting radiator and the receiving radiator are both arranged on the surface of the rectangular frame.

[0052] Specifically, the rectangular frame includes four side walls, namely side wall 121, side wall 122, side wall 123 and side wall 124, wherein side wall 121 and side wall 123 are arranged opposite to each other, and side wall 122 and side wall 124 are arranged opposite to each other. Side walls 121, side wall 122, side wall 123 and side wall 124 together form a rectangular frame structure.

[0053] In addition, a narrow slot extends through the middle of sidewall 121, dividing sidewall 121 into two independent portions. A narrow slot also extends through the middle of sidewall 123, dividing sidewall 123 into two independent portions. In other words, the portion of sidewall 121 near sidewall 124, the portion of sidewall 123 near sidewall 124, and sidewall 124 together form a single unitary structure. The portion of sidewall 121 near sidewall 122, the portion of sidewall 123 near sidewall 122, and sidewall 122 together form a single unitary structure.

[0054] It is understandable that, in practical applications, the specific structure of the rectangular frame and the connection form of different parts can be reasonably set according to actual needs, and will not be elaborated here.

[0055] In addition, in the examples provided in this application, both the transmitting radiator and the receiving radiator are of vertically polarized type.

[0056] For details, please refer to Figure 4 and Figure 6 The transmitting radiator includes a first polarized transmitting radiator 13 and a second polarized transmitting radiator 14. The receiving radiator includes a first polarized receiving radiator 15 and a second polarized receiving radiator 16. The first polarized transmitting radiator 13 and the first polarized receiving radiator 15 are respectively located at two opposite corners of the rectangular frame, and the second polarized transmitting radiator 14 and the second polarized receiving radiator 16 are respectively located at the other two opposite corners of the rectangular frame.

[0057] The first polarized transmitting radiator 13 includes two roughly frame-shaped radiating arms, namely, radiating arm 131 and radiating arm 132. The second polarized transmitting radiator 14 includes two roughly frame-shaped radiating arms, namely, radiating arm 141 and radiating arm 142. The first polarized receiving radiator 15 includes two roughly frame-shaped radiating arms, namely, radiating arm 151 and radiating arm 152. The second polarized receiving radiator 16 includes two roughly frame-shaped radiating arms, namely, radiating arm 161 and radiating arm 162.

[0058] In addition, please refer to Figure 4 、 Figure 5 and Figure 6 The antenna 10 further includes a ground layer connected to the corresponding radiating arms. The first polarized transmitting radiator 13, the second polarized transmitting radiator 14, the first polarized receiving radiator 15, the second polarized receiving radiator 16 and the ground layer are all located on the outer surface of the rectangular frame.

[0059] The ground layers specifically include ground layer 1311, ground layer 1321, ground layer 1411, ground layer 1421, ground layer 1511, ground layer 1521, ground layer 1611, and ground layer 1621. One end of ground layer 1311 is connected to radiating arm 131, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of ground layer 1321 is connected to radiating arm 132, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of ground layer 1411 is connected to radiating arm 141, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of ground layer 1421 is connected to radiating arm 142, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of ground layer 1511 is connected to radiating arm 151, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of ground layer 1521 is connected to radiating arm 152, and the other end extends to reflective surface 110. One end of the ground layer 1611 is connected to the radiating arm 161 , and the other end thereof extends to the reflective surface 110 . One end of the ground layer 1621 is connected to the radiating arm 162 , and the other end thereof extends to the reflective surface 110 .

[0060] Alternatively, it can be understood that disposing the ground layer on the surface of the dielectric substrate 12 can achieve a vertical arrangement of the ground layer, thereby avoiding obvious occupation of the reflective surface 110 .

[0061] In addition, grounding layer 1311 and grounding layer 1611 are connected to form a larger grounding area. Grounding layer 1421 and grounding layer 1521 are connected to form a larger grounding area. Providing a larger grounding area also facilitates the layout of the feeder.

[0062] Specifically, if Figure 7 As shown, in one example provided herein, the feeding network includes a first feeder line 1201, which is located on the inner surface of the sidewall 124 of the rectangular frame and is used to feed the radiating arms 131 and 132. The vertical projection of the first feeder line 1201 on the ground layer (e.g., ground layer 1311) is located within the ground layer, allowing the feed signal to be effectively transmitted between the first feeder line 1201 and the ground layer. In the example provided herein, the first feeder line 1201 is specifically a metal line disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate 12, which, together with the ground layer, forms a microstrip line.

[0063] It should be noted that a feeder line (not shown) is also provided on the inner surface of the side wall 122, which is used to feed the radiating arms 141 and 142. Moreover, the vertical projection of the feeder line on the ground layer (such as the ground layer 1421) is located within the ground layer.

[0064] In summary, the first feeding line is used to feed the first polarized radiator 13 and the second polarized radiator 14 respectively.

[0065] In addition, in an example provided in the present application, the feeding network further includes a second feeding line, which is used to feed the first polarized receiving radiator 15 and the second polarized receiving radiator 16 .

[0066] like Figure 7 As shown, specifically, two second feed lines are provided, namely a second feed line 171 and a second feed line 181. To better support the second feed line 171 and the second feed line 181, the dielectric substrate 12 further includes two side panels, namely a side panel 17 and a side panel 18. The side panel 17 is located on one side of the side wall 122 and is spaced apart from the side wall 122. The side panel 18 is located on one side of the side wall 124 and is spaced apart from the side wall 124. The second feed line 171 is located on the side panel 171, and the second feed line 172 is located on the side panel 181. The second feed line 171 is used to feed the radiating arms 151 and 152 of the first polarized receiving radiator 15. The second feed line 181 is used to feed the radiating arms 161 and 162 of the second polarized receiving radiator 16.

[0067] In addition, the projection of the second feeder line 171 is located within the ground region formed by the connection of the ground layer 1421 and the ground layer 1521, allowing the feed signal to be effectively transmitted between the second feeder line 171 and the ground region. In addition, the projection of the second feeder line 181 is located within the ground region formed by the connection of the ground layer 1311 and the ground layer 1611, allowing the feed signal to be effectively transmitted between the second feeder line 181 and the ground region.

[0068] It should be noted that the transmission line formed by the second feeder line 171 and the ground region can be considered as an air-suspended microstrip line. Correspondingly, the transmission line formed by the second feeder line 181 and the ground region can be considered as an air-suspended microstrip line.

[0069] In the example provided in this application, the side panels 17 can be provided to effectively position the second feeder 171, thereby preventing the second feeder 171 from being positioned on the reflector 11. Accordingly, the side panels 18 can be provided to effectively position the second feeder 181, thereby preventing the second feeder 181 from being positioned on the reflector 11. In other words, the side panels 17 and 18 can effectively position the feeders 171 and 181.

[0070] It is understandable that in other examples, the second feeder 171 and the second feeder 181 may also be provided on the reflector 11. In practical applications, the layout positions of the second feeder 171 and the second feeder 181 may be reasonably set according to actual needs, which will not be elaborated here.

[0071] In addition, in practical applications, the dielectric substrate 12 may include multiple rectangular frames to increase the number of radiating arms, thereby improving the signal transmission performance and capacity of the antenna 10 .

[0072] For example, Figure 8 As shown in an example provided in this application, the dielectric substrate 12 includes four rectangular frames. The four rectangular frames are spaced apart along a first direction. The first direction is parallel to the reflective surface 110. Each rectangular frame is provided with a transmitting radiator and a receiving radiator. The structure in each rectangular frame is the same as Figure 4 The structures shown in are basically the same and will not be described in detail here.

[0073] In addition, two adjacent rectangular frames are connected by connecting plates, thereby providing an effective layout location for the feeder. For example, see Figure 4 and Figure 8 The side walls 124 and 122 may be extended along the first direction to achieve connection between the four rectangular frames.

[0074] In addition, both the side panels 17 and 18 extend along the first direction, so that the second feeder 171 on the side panel 17 and the second feeder 181 on the side panel 18 can be connected to the radiation arms in the four rectangular frames.

[0075] like Figure 9 As shown, taking the side panel 17 as an example, the second feeder 171 can be considered as a 1-to-4 power splitter having one input port and four output ports.

[0076] Please refer to Figure 8 and Figure 9 Each output port of the second feeding line 171 is coupled with the corresponding vibration arm for feeding through a bent balun structure.

[0077] Alternatively, it can be understood that the four first polarized receiving radiators 15 can be fed via the second feeding line 171 , and the four second polarized receiving radiators 16 can be fed via the second feeding line 181 .

[0078] It should be noted that the first feed line 1201 has a similar routing shape to the second feed line 171. The first feed line 1201 is disposed on the inner surface of the side wall 124 and is used for feeding connections to the four first polarized radiators 13. Correspondingly, another first feed line has a similar routing shape to the second feed line 171. This first feed line is disposed on the inner surface of the side wall 122 and is used for feeding connections to the four second polarized radiators 14.

[0079] In summary, if Figure 10 As shown, the first feed line 1201 is connected to the four first polarized transmitting radiators 13. The first feed line 1202 is connected to the four second polarized transmitting radiators 14. The second feed line 181 is connected to the four second polarized receiving radiators 16. The second feed line 171 is connected to the four first polarized receiving radiators 15.

[0080] It is understood that in the above example, the first feeder 1210, the first feeder 1201, the second feeder 171, and the second feeder 181 are all disposed on the surface of the dielectric substrate. In other examples, a portion of the feeders may also be disposed on the reflector 11, or at least a portion of at least one feeder may be disposed on the reflector 11.

[0081] In other words, the dielectric substrate disposed perpendicular to the reflector 11 can provide an effective placement location for the feeder, enabling vertical routing of the feeder. Of course, some feeders can still be placed on the reflector 11. In actual applications, the placement of the feeder can be appropriately configured based on actual needs.

[0082] In addition, if Figure 11 As shown, in actual applications, the feed network also includes feed devices 19 such as phase shifters and filters. When configuring the feed devices 19, the feed devices 19 can be installed on the reflective surface of the reflector 11 or on the back surface of the reflector. The back surface of the reflector 11 refers to the surface of the reflector 11 that is away from the reflective surface 110.

[0083] When the feeding devices 19 are arranged on the reflecting surface 110 of the reflecting plate 11 , some feeding devices 19 can be located within the area enclosed by the rectangular frame to achieve effective utilization of the layout space, which is conducive to the dense layout and miniaturized design of the antenna 10 .

[0084] During specific configuration, reasonable adjustments can be made based on the size of the feeding device 19 and the size of the space enclosed by the rectangular frame, which will not be elaborated herein.

[0085] In addition, during the specific settings, the number and arrangement positions of the rectangular frames can be flexibly set according to actual needs.

[0086] For example, Figure 12 As shown, in another example provided in this application, antenna 10 includes eight rectangular frames. The eight rectangular frames are arranged in two rows along a first direction. That is, four rectangular frames are spaced apart in the first direction, and two rectangular frames are spaced apart in the second direction.

[0087] The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, and both the first direction and the second direction are parallel to the reflective surface 110. The first direction is perpendicular to the second direction, which means that the angle between the first direction and the second direction bracket is 90° or about 90°, that is, the first direction is approximately perpendicular to the second direction.

[0088] In specific settings, the number and position layout of the rectangular frames can be reasonably adjusted according to actual needs, and this application does not impose any restrictions on this.

[0089] In specific applications, the antenna 10 provided in the embodiment of the present application can be used in communication equipment such as base stations and radars to realize wireless communication functions.

[0090] like Figure 13 As shown, in the communication device, a radio frequency processing unit may be included, and the radio frequency processing unit may be connected to the feeding network in the antenna. The radio frequency processing unit is used to perform frequency selection, amplification, and down-conversion processing on the signal received by the antenna, and convert it into an intermediate frequency signal or a baseband signal and send it to the baseband processing unit, or the radio frequency processing unit is used to convert the intermediate frequency signal emitted by the baseband processing unit into a wireless signal through the antenna after up-conversion and amplification processing. The baseband processing unit can be connected to the feeding network of the antenna through the radio frequency processing unit. In some embodiments, the radio frequency processing unit can also be called a remote radio unit (RRU), and the baseband processing unit can also be called a baseband unit (BBU). The radio frequency processing unit may specifically include a radio frequency transmitting circuit and a radio frequency receiving circuit. The radio frequency transmitting circuit is connected to the transmitting radiator through the feeding network, and the radio frequency receiving circuit is connected to the receiving radiator through the feeding network.

[0091] It should be noted that, in actual application, the specific type of communication equipment and the components included in the communication equipment can be reasonably selected and adjusted according to actual conditions. This application does not limit the specific type of communication equipment.

[0092] In the various embodiments of the present application, unless otherwise specified or there is a logical conflict, the terms and / or descriptions between different embodiments are consistent and can be referenced by each other. The technical features in different embodiments can be combined to form new embodiments according to their inherent logical relationships.

[0093] In this application, "plurality" refers to two or more. "and / or" describes the relationship between related objects, indicating that three relationships can exist. For example, "A and / or B" can mean: A exists alone, A and B exist simultaneously, and B exists alone, where A and B can be singular or plural.

[0094] It is understood that the various numbers used in the embodiments of this application are merely for ease of description and are not intended to limit the scope of the embodiments of this application. The order of the sequence numbers of the above-mentioned processes does not necessarily imply a specific order of execution; the order of execution of the processes should be determined by their functions and inherent logic.

Claims

1. An antenna, characterized in that: including a reflective plate and a dielectric substrate; The reflector has a reflective surface, and the dielectric substrate is arranged on the reflective surface and is perpendicular to the reflective surface; The antenna further comprises a transmitting radiator, a receiving radiator and a feeding network, wherein the transmitting radiator and the receiving radiator are both arranged on the surface of the dielectric substrate; At least a portion of the feed network is disposed on a surface of the dielectric substrate; The emitting radiator is used to emit electromagnetic waves to the outside world, and the receiving radiator is used to receive electromagnetic waves from the outside world; The feeding network is connected to the radiating body and is used to excite the radiating body to emit electromagnetic waves outward; The feeding network is connected to the receiving radiator and is used to receive external electromagnetic waves received by the receiving radiator.

2. The antenna according to claim 1, wherein The dielectric substrate includes a rectangular frame; The radiator includes a first polarized radiator and a second polarized radiator; The receiving radiator includes a first polarized receiving radiator and a second polarized receiving radiator; The first polarized transmitting radiator and the first polarized receiving radiator are respectively located at two opposite corners of the rectangular frame, and the second polarized transmitting radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator are respectively located at the other two opposite corners of the rectangular frame.

3. The antenna according to claim 2, wherein: The antenna further includes a ground layer; The emitting radiator, the receiving radiator and the ground layer are all located on the outer surface of the rectangular frame; One end of the ground layer is connected to the first polarized transmitting radiator, the second polarized transmitting radiator, the first polarized receiving radiator, and the second polarized receiving radiator, and the other end of the ground layer extends to the reflecting surface.

4. The antenna according to claim 3, wherein: The feed network includes a first feed line, and the first feed line is located on the inner surface of the rectangular frame; The vertical projection of the first feeder on the ground layer is located within the ground layer; The first feeding line is connected to the first polarized radiator and the second polarized radiator for feeding.

5. The antenna according to claim 4, characterized in that The first feeding line and the ground layer together form a microstrip line.

6. The antenna according to claim 4 or 5, characterized in that The dielectric substrate further includes a side plate, and the side plate is located outside the rectangular frame; The feed network further includes a second feed line, the second feed line is located on the surface of the side plate, and a vertical projection of the second feed line on the ground layer is located within the ground layer; The second feeding line is connected to the first polarized receiving radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator for feeding.

7. The antenna according to claim 6, characterized in that The second feeding line and the ground layer together form an air-suspended microstrip line.

8. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 5, characterized in that The first polarized transmitting radiator, the first polarized receiving radiator, the second polarized transmitting radiator and the second polarized receiving radiator each include two radiating arms, and the two radiating arms of each radiator are respectively located at two adjacent sides of the corners of the rectangular frame.

9. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 8, characterized in that The dielectric substrate includes a plurality of rectangular frames, and the plurality of rectangular frames are spaced apart along the first direction and / or the second direction; The first direction and the second direction are both parallel to the reflecting surface, and the first direction is perpendicular to the second direction.

10. The antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 9, characterized in that The feed network includes a feed line, a portion of the feed line is arranged on the reflection plate, and another portion of the feed line is arranged on the dielectric substrate.

11. The antenna according to any one of claims 2 to 9, characterized in that The feeding network further includes a plurality of feeding devices, at least some of which are arranged in the space enclosed by the rectangular frame.

12. A communication device, characterized in that: It includes a radio frequency transmitting circuit and a radio frequency receiving circuit, and also includes the antenna according to any one of claims 1 to 11, the radio frequency transmitting circuit is connected to the transmitting radiator through the feeding network, and the radio frequency receiving circuit is connected to the receiving radiator through the feeding network.

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