Wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and control method thereof

Abstract

The invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation intelligent control, discloses a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and a control method thereof, and solves the problems of unreliable irrigation and water resource waste caused by cloudy and rainy day interruption of single photovoltaic power supply and GPRS communication delay in a remote area without a power grid. The system integrates a wind power generation module, a photovoltaic power generation module, an energy storage device, a 4G communication module and a central controller, realizes wind-solar complementary power supply through an illumination intensity threshold value, and ensures continuous operation in cloudy and rainy days in combination with energy storage power difference compensation delta P; the utilization rate of wind and light resources is increased by 40% by adopting dynamic energy weight distribution; the communication energy consumption is reduced by 30% and delayed to a millisecond level by using a 4G bandwidth optimization algorithm; the valve opening is calculated based on a water demand model Qreq to achieve precise irrigation, and water resource waste is reduced by 25%. The implementation effect shows that the system can continuously work for 7 days (SOCgt; and the water saving rate reaches 28%, and the operation and maintenance cost is reduced by 35%.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of agricultural irrigation intelligent control systems, and in particular to a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and a control method thereof. Background Art

[0002] Remote valve control systems in agricultural irrigation are crucial for achieving precision irrigation. However, in remote areas without a power grid, system power supply and communication stability face significant challenges. Traditional valve control systems primarily rely on a single photovoltaic power supply solution, converting solar energy into electricity to drive valves and communication modules. However, this power supply method has significant drawbacks in practical applications.

[0003] At present, the existing remote valve control systems generally have the following shortcomings:

[0004] 1. In rainy or foggy weather, the traditional photovoltaic power supply system has a low light intensity and low power generation threshold (I light th ), power generation decreases sharply or even approaches zero (e.g., on rainy days, photovoltaic power generation has almost no output). This directly leads to system power outages and paralysis, valve control failure, and irrigation interruption.

[0005] 2. Existing systems mostly rely on low-bandwidth communication methods (such as GPRS), which are difficult to support real-time transmission of multi-dimensional data (including wind speed V w , battery SOC status, valve fault signal). Communication delay causes the control instructions to be inconsistent with the farmland water demand (such as Q req calculation model) mismatch, exacerbating the waste of water resources.

[0006] In addition, due to the lack of wind and solar energy coordination mechanism, the system cannot automatically switch to wind energy as the main power source when the sunlight is insufficient, and it is difficult to dynamically optimize the energy distribution weight (such as a w ,a p This not only leaves wind energy resources idle, but also requires additional diesel generators, increasing operation and maintenance costs and carbon emissions.

[0007] Therefore, in view of this, an innovative breakthrough is made to the power supply instability and communication bottleneck of the existing technology, and a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and its control method are proposed. Summary of the Invention

[0008] The technical problem to be solved by the present invention is that in agricultural irrigation scenarios without grid coverage, traditional valve control systems are subject to power outages due to the weather dependence of single photovoltaic power supply (power generation approaches zero on rainy days), as well as control delays caused by low-bandwidth communications (such as GPRS), resulting in unreliable irrigation systems, low energy utilization, and waste of water resources.

[0009] ​The technical solution adopted by the present invention is: a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system, comprising:

[0010] a wind power generation module configured to convert wind energy into electrical energy;

[0011] a photovoltaic power generation module configured to convert light energy into electrical energy;

[0012] an energy storage device, connected to the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module;

[0013] 4G communication module for remote data transmission;

[0014] A central controller, connected to the energy storage device, the 4G communication module and the valve control unit respectively;

[0015] a valve control unit configured to regulate the opening or opening and closing of the irrigation valve;

[0016] The central controller performs:

[0017] When the light intensity I light th When wind power generation is the main power source;

[0018] When I light ≥I th Photovoltaic power generation is the main power source.

[0019] As a further solution of the present invention: the central controller calculates the total system power by the following formula:

[0020]

[0021] Where ρ is the air density, A is the swept area of ​​the fan blade, C p is the wind energy utilization coefficient, A p is the photovoltaic panel area, and β is the temperature coefficient.

[0022] A control method for a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system, characterized by comprising:

[0023] (a) Real-time collection of wind speed V w , light intensity I light , temperature T and battery SOC;

[0024] (b) Dynamically allocate energy weights:

[0025]

[0026] (c) Receive instructions through the 4G module and calculate the valve opening

[0027] ​As a further solution of the present invention: Step (b) satisfies the power constraint:

[0028]

[0029] If the power difference is not met, the energy storage device will make up for it ΔP=|P load -(α w P w +α p P p )|.

[0030] As a further solution of the present invention, the maximum power point tracking of the photovoltaic module adopts:

[0031]

[0032] Where γ is the adaptive step size and ΔV is the disturbance voltage.

[0033] As a further solution of the present invention: the charge and discharge control of the energy storage device is as follows:

[0034]

[0035] And only when SOC>SOC min Discharge is allowed.

[0036] As a further solution of the present invention: fault diagnosis includes:

[0037] Fan failure criteria: and |dV w / dt|<∈;

[0038] Photovoltaic abnormality judgment criteria:

[0039] As a further solution of the present invention: water demand calculation adopts:

[0040]

[0041] where R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, Δ is the saturated water vapor pressure slope, γ is the humidity constant, u2 is the wind speed, e s ,e a is the saturated / actual water vapor pressure.

[0042] As a further solution of the present invention: 4G communication bandwidth is optimized as follows:

[0043]

[0044] Where B0 is the channel bandwidth, by dynamically adjusting T s and P tx Minimize energy consumption.

[0045] As a further solution of the present invention: the system operation optimization target is:

[0046]

[0047] Constraints:

[0048] Corresponding to wind turbines, photovoltaics, and energy storage

[0049]

[0050] Beneficial effects of the present invention:

[0051] 1. Solve the problem of power supply interruption on rainy days

[0052] Through the wind and solar complementary coordinated control mechanism (when I light th The system automatically switches to wind power as the main power source when the power generation is cloudy or rainy, which completely overcomes the defect of traditional photovoltaic systems that the power generation is close to zero on cloudy and rainy days. load -(α w P w +α p P p )|), ensuring the system's continuous and stable power supply under all weather conditions, and improving power supply reliability by >90%.

[0053] 2. Significantly reduce communication delay and energy consumption

[0054] Use 4G communication module to replace traditional GPRS, through dynamic bandwidth optimization algorithm Real-time adjustment of transmission parameters supports efficient transmission of multi-dimensional data (wind speed, SOC, fault signals), reducing communication latency to milliseconds and reducing transmission energy consumption by over 30%.

[0055] 3. Improve energy efficiency and resource conservation

[0056] Dynamic energy allocation: based on weight coefficients (when I light th And V w ≥V min ) and α p =1-α w Real-time optimization of wind and solar resources increases the utilization rate by 40%;

[0057] Intelligent charge and discharge control: Energy storage device press I chg / I dis Formula constrains current to avoid overcharge / overdischarge (SOC>SOC min Prolong battery life by 50%; ​​

[0058] Precise matching of water demand: through Q req =k c ·(0.408Δ(R n -G)+…) model calculates irrigation volume, reducing water waste by 25%.

[0059] 4. Enhance system robustness and maintainability

[0060] Fault self-diagnosis: fan fault judgment criteria ( and |dV w / dt|<∈) and photovoltaic anomaly detection Achieve early fault warning;

[0061] Operation cost optimization: based on the objective function Dispatching wind, solar and storage resources reduces reliance on diesel backup power and reduces operation and maintenance costs by 35%.

[0062] 5. Realize fully automatic and precise irrigation control

[0063] The central controller uses the valve opening formula Real-time adjustment of irrigation volume, combined with wind and solar power supply and 4G remote commands, enables precise irrigation operations with “zero human intervention” in areas without power grids. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0064] Figure 1 This is a system architecture topology diagram of a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and its control method according to the present invention.

[0065] Figure 2 This is a main power supply switching logic flow chart of a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and its control method of the present invention.

[0066] Figure 3 This is a system control timing diagram of a wind-solar complementary 4G remote valve control system and its control method according to the present invention. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0067] The present invention will be further described below.

[0068] Example 1: Hardware deployment and initialization of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system

[0069] 1. System hardware composition:

[0070] Wind power generation module: vertical axis wind turbine with rated power of 500-1000W and blade swept area A=2.5m 2 , cut-in wind speed V min =2.5m / s.

[0071] Photovoltaic power generation module: polycrystalline silicon photovoltaic panel (A p =1.6m 2 , conversion efficiency η p =18%), and the installation tilt is adjusted according to the local latitude to maximize light energy capture.

[0072] Energy storage device: lithium iron phosphate battery pack (capacity 100Ah, voltage 24V), SOC operating range SOC min =20%, SOC max =95%.

[0073] 4G communication module: supports TCP / MQTT / Cat-1 communication protocols, built-in SIM card, uplink bandwidth ≥5Mbps.

[0074] Central controller: STM32F407 microprocessor, integrated ADC acquisition interface and PWM output.

[0075] Valve control unit: electric regulating valve (flow range Q max =50m 3 / h), opening resolution 1%.

[0076] 2. System initialization settings:

[0077] Set the light intensity threshold I th =150W / m 2 (Rainy weather judgment value);

[0078] Configure fan fault detection parameters δ w =50W / s,∈=0.1m / s 2 ;

[0079] Initialize the photovoltaic MPPT disturbance step size ΔV = 0.5V, and the adaptive coefficient γ = 0.02.

[0080] Example 2: Wind-solar hybrid power supply control process

[0081] Step 1: Real-time data collection

[0082] The sensor collects wind speed V every 2 to 10 seconds: w , light intensity I light , ambient temperature T, battery SOC.

[0083] Data verification: If V w >25m / s triggers fan shutdown protection; if I light >1000W / m 2 Enable the photovoltaic panel cooling strategy.

[0084] Step 2: Dynamic Energy Allocation

[0085] Main power supply switching logic:

[0086] 1. Environmental parameter determination stage

[0087] Continuously monitor the light intensity (I_light) and wind speed (V_w)

[0088] Set the photovoltaic power generation threshold I_th = 150 W / m 2 , and the wind turbine startup wind speed V_min = 3 m / s

[0089] 2. Dynamic calculation of weight coefficients

[0090] Condition 1: When the light is insufficient and the wind power meets the standard (I_light < I_th and V_w ≥ V_min)

[0091] The wind energy weight a_w is calculated according to the exponential function:

[0092]

[0093] (The coefficient 0.7 is the wind energy conversion efficiency correction factor)

[0094] The photovoltaic weight a_p takes the complementary value: a_p = 1 - a_w <00 / / 314>Condition 2: Other situations (sufficient light or insufficient wind)

[0096] The photovoltaic weight a_p is inversely proportional to the light intensity:

[0097]

[0098] (I_max = 1000 W / m 2 is the maximum tolerable light of the photovoltaic panel)

[0099] The wind energy weight a_w takes the complementary value: a_w = 1 - a_p

[0100] 3. Execution of main power supply switching

[0101] When a_w > 0.5, the system automatically switches to wind energy as the main power supply

[0102] When a_p > 0.5, the system automatically switches to photovoltaic as the main power supply

[0103] The weight coefficients are updated every 10 seconds to avoid frequent switching

[0104] Power difference compensation:

[0105] Calculate the load power P load (valve drive + 4G module), if a w [[ID= / / 68]]> 0.5, then P w < a[[ID= / / 71]] w Pload ,but:

[0106] ΔP=|P load -(a w P w +a p P p )|,I dis =min(ΔP / V batt ,I dis-max )

[0107] Note: I dis-max =20A, and discharge is allowed only when SOC>20%

[0108] Step 3: Maximum Power Point Tracking (MPPT)

[0109] Photovoltaic MPPT voltage iteration formula:

[0110]

[0111] Example: When ΔV = 0.5V, γ automatically adjusts with the light gradient to improve efficiency in cloudy conditions.

[0112] Example 3: Irrigation Control and Communication Optimization

[0113] 1. Precise valve adjustment:

[0114] Receive cloud platform instructions and calculate water demand Q req :

[0115]

[0116] Parameter setting: crop coefficient k c =0.8, irrigation efficiency η irr =85%, farmland area per mu A crop =10 mu. Valve opening control:

[0117] is the flow correction factor

[0118] (k=0.95 is the flow correction coefficient)

[0119] 2. 4G communication bandwidth optimization:

[0120] Dynamically adjust the sampling period T s and the transmission power P tx :

[0121]

[0122] Execution strategy:

[0123] When the channel quality ||h|| 2>0.8, reduce P tx Up to 10dBm, extending battery life;

[0124] Shorten T when transmitting fault data s To 100ms, ensuring real-time performance.

[0125] Example 4: Fault Diagnosis and Cost Optimization

[0126] 1. Fault self-diagnosis:

[0127] Fan failure: If |dP is detected w / dt|>50W / s and |dV w / dt|<0.1m / s 2 , determine that the machine is stuck, trigger a shutdown and report to the platform.

[0128] Photovoltaic abnormality: when If dust accumulation or damage is detected, a cleaning alarm will be activated.

[0129] 2. Operation cost optimization:

[0130] Objective function: Minimize diesel backup power P g (t) and maintenance cost C m :

[0131]

[0132] Constraint strategy:

[0133] Prioritize wind and solar power supply (x1, x2 = 1), only when SOC < 20% and P total <P load Start the diesel engine (x3=1).

[0134] Implementation effect verification

[0135] This system was deployed in an off-grid irrigation area in Inner Mongolia and compared with the traditional photovoltaic valve control system:

[0136] Power supply reliability: Continuous operation for 7 days in rainy weather (SOC maintained >30%), while the traditional system has a 100% power outage rate;

[0137] Water saving efficiency: due to real-time matching Q req , water saving rate reaches 28%;

[0138] Communication energy consumption: 4G dynamic bandwidth strategy reduces transmission energy consumption by 32%, and latency is ≤50ms.

[0139] The above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit the same. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system, characterized in that: include: a wind power generation module configured to convert wind energy into electrical energy; a photovoltaic power generation module configured to convert light energy into electrical energy; an energy storage device, connected to the wind power generation module and the photovoltaic power generation module; 4G communication module for remote data transmission; A central controller, connected to the energy storage device, the 4G communication module and the valve control unit respectively; a valve control unit configured to regulate the opening or opening and closing of the irrigation valve; The central controller performs: When the light intensity I light th When the wind power generation is the main power source;​ When I light ≥I th Photovoltaic power generation is the main power source.

2. The wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The central controller calculates the total system power by the following formula: Where ρ is the air density, A is the swept area of ​​the fan blade, C p is the wind energy utilization coefficient, A p is the photovoltaic panel area, and β is the temperature coefficient.

3. A control method for a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system, characterized in that: include: (a) Real-time collection of wind speed V w , light intensity I light , temperature T and battery SOC; (b) Dynamically allocate energy weights: (c) Receive instructions through the 4G module and calculate the valve opening 4. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Step (b) satisfies the power constraint: If the power difference is not met, the energy storage device will make up for it ΔP=|P load -(α w P w +α p P p )|.

5. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The maximum power point tracking of photovoltaic modules uses: Where γ is the adaptive step size and ΔV is the disturbance voltage.

6. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The charge and discharge control of the energy storage device is as follows: And only when SOC>SOC min Discharge is allowed.

7. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Troubleshooting includes: Fan failure criteria: Photovoltaic abnormality judgment criteria:

8. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: Water demand is calculated using: where R n is the net radiation, G is the soil heat flux, Δ is the saturated water vapor pressure slope, γ is the humidity constant, u2 is the wind speed, e s ,e a is the saturated / actual water vapor pressure.

9. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: 4G communication bandwidth is optimized as follows: Where B0 is the channel bandwidth, by dynamically adjusting T s and P tx Minimize energy consumption.

10. The control method of a wind-solar hybrid 4G remote valve control system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The system operation optimization goals are: Constraints: Corresponding to wind turbines, photovoltaics, and energy storage

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