Vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing device and method for new energy transport vehicle

Abstract

The invention provides a vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing device and method for a new energy transport vehicle, and the technical key points are as follows: the vehicle-mounted fire extinguishing device comprises a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device and a fire extinguishing capsule, a heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent is placed between two layers of films which are shrunk by heating, and is placed between single batteries to serve as the fire extinguishing capsule. When thermal runaway of the lithium battery occurs, a shell of the fire extinguishing capsule shrinks due to heat radiation, an internal heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent is released, internal fire extinguishing of the battery pack is realized, when a BMS system is triggered to give a graded alarm, an electric signal firstly starts an air pump, a fire extinguishing pipeline electromagnetic valve and a pre-pressurized gas-liquid mixing device to 0.5 MPa, and an aerogel roller shutter is released through gas pressure; a semi-closed space is formed by the heat insulation plate and the fireproof partition plate of the battery shell, then the water pump is started, the pressure of the air pump is increased to enable the pressure intensity at the gas-liquid mixing position to reach 0.8 MPa, the foam extinguishing agent is released to the lithium battery shell through the spiral micropore array of the hose on the heat insulation plate, and the exterior of the battery is cooled.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present application relates to the field of new energy vehicle safety technology, and in particular to a fire extinguishing device and method for a new energy transport vehicle. Background Art

[0002] With the rapid development of new energy vehicles, external lithium batteries are increasingly being used in new energy trucks. However, lithium batteries can experience thermal runaway under high temperatures, collisions, or other abnormal conditions, leading to fire accidents. Once a lithium battery experiences thermal runaway, its internal temperature rises rapidly, potentially triggering chemical reactions within the battery, resulting in fire or explosion. Traditional single-use fire extinguishing methods may not be effective in extinguishing lithium battery fires and may even create secondary hazards.

[0003] The vehicle fire extinguishing system in the existing technology has the following defects: (1) The traditional ABC dry powder fire extinguishing agent is poorly effective in extinguishing deep-seated fires in lithium batteries; (2) It is difficult to block the spread of heat inside the battery pack by relying solely on the external spraying system; (3) Gaseous fire extinguishing agents such as HFC-227ea do not remain in open spaces for a long time; (4) The existing device lacks effective integration with the vehicle's original pneumatic system.

[0004] Therefore, in view of the particularity of fires caused by external lithium batteries of new energy trucks, it is urgent to develop a special fire extinguishing method to improve the efficiency and safety of fire fighting. Summary of the Invention

[0005] Each exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing device and method for a new energy transport vehicle, which at least has the technical effect of efficiently and quickly extinguishing fires and reducing the risk of battery fires.

[0006] Each exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing device mounted on a new energy transport vehicle, including:

[0007] A compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, integrated into the vehicle's pneumatic brake system and driven by an air pump, comprises: a water tank, a water pump, a proportioning mixer, a foam stock tank, a gas-liquid mixing device, and a foaming device, which are sequentially connected through pipelines, wherein the gas-liquid mixing device is connected to the air pump via a solenoid valve;

[0008] An aerogel insulation roller curtain covers the battery pack housing, and a fire extinguishing agent release hose with a spiral micropore array is embedded on its surface. The aerogel insulation roller curtain and the fireproof and heat-insulating housing form a semi-enclosed space;

[0009] The fire extinguishing capsule is placed between the lithium battery cells and comprises a heat-shrinkable film outer layer, a flame-retardant fiber middle layer, a heptafluoropropane storage cavity and a high-temperature resistant adhesive;

[0010] The control unit is linked to the vehicle's BMS system, connected to the temperature sensor and lithium battery and configured to activate the early warning mode when the temperature rise rate of the single cell reaches the alarm threshold, and trigger the linked fire extinguishing program of the air pump and water pump when the fire extinguishing threshold is reached.

[0011] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for extinguishing a fire on a new energy transport vehicle is also claimed, which is applicable to any of the aforementioned fire extinguishing devices, comprising:

[0012] When thermal runaway of the lithium battery occurs, the temperature sensor of the BMS system responds and issues an alarm signal. When the temperature rise rate of the single cell is detected to be ≥2°C / s, the early warning mode is activated, the air pump is activated and the solenoid valve is opened, the gas-liquid mixing device is pre-pressurized to 0.5MPa, and the aerogel curtain is released by gas pressure.

[0013] When the temperature is ≥5℃ / s, start the water pump and increase the air pump pressure to make the gas-liquid mixing device operate at a pressure of 0.8MPa. The water pump pumps water from the water tank to the proportioning mixer. The self-priming function of the proportioning mixer sucks the foam stock liquid into the pipeline and mixes it with water in proportion to form a foam mixture.

[0014] Open the solenoid valve leading to the gas-liquid mixing area of ​​the pneumatic brake system to make the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing area at 0.8Mpa, and release compressed air to the mixing area through the lateral opening of the closed pipeline to mix the foam mixture with the air. The foam mixture is transported forward as power, and after foaming through the foaming net, it is transmitted to the hose on the aerogel fireproof partition, and the foam fire extinguishing agent is released to the battery casing through the spiral microporous structure on the hose. The semi-enclosed space formed by the fireproof partition outside the battery is fully flooded to extinguish the fire and cool down.

[0015] According to another aspect of the present application, a method for extinguishing a fire on a new energy transport vehicle is also claimed, which is applicable to any of the aforementioned fire extinguishing devices, comprising:

[0016] First level response:

[0017] When the BMS system detects that the temperature rise rate of a battery cell is ≥2°C / s:

[0018] Switch the air pump to the fire extinguishing circuit and open the solenoid valve to pre-pressurize the gas-liquid mixing device to 0.5 MPa, and release the aerogel curtain through gas pressure;

[0019] Upload warning information to the vehicle monitoring platform to alert drivers;

[0020] Secondary response:

[0021] When the temperature sensor detects that the battery cell temperature rise rate is ≥5°C / s:

[0022] Start the water pump and increase the air pump pressure so that the gas-liquid mixing device operates at a pressure of 0.8 MPa to ensure the foam quality;

[0023] The foam fire extinguishing agent forms a microcellular structure through the foaming device and implements three-dimensional coverage through the release hose;

[0024] When the internal temperature of the lithium battery exceeds 80°C, the outer layer of the film adjacent to the fire extinguishing capsule is triggered to shrink, and the heptafluoropropane is slowly released by gravity, suppressing thermal runaway of the battery cell;

[0025] The control unit records the fault location and uploads it to the cloud.

[0026] This application has the following beneficial effects:

[0027] The present invention relates to an onboard fire extinguishing device for new energy mining transport vehicles. By integrating a compressed air foam fire extinguishing device, fire extinguishing capsules, and a control unit, this method achieves dual internal and external prevention and control of lithium battery fires, significantly improving the fire response speed and fire extinguishing efficiency of new energy transport vehicles. When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the internal fire extinguishing capsules contract due to heat, releasing heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent to block the spread of heat within the battery. Simultaneously, a temperature-sensing element sends an electrical signal to trigger the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. Gas pressure provided by the air pump releases the aerogel baffles, generating a highly effective foam fire extinguishing agent through a gas-liquid mixing device. This foam fire extinguishing agent is then applied to the battery pack surface via a release hose on the aerogel insulation board, achieving rapid cooling, insulation, and fire extinguishing. This method significantly improves the safety and reliability of new energy transport vehicles by reusing onboard structures, combining fire prevention and extinguishing measures, and employing a multi-stage response mechanism. Furthermore, it represents a composite fire extinguishing method with a hierarchical response and internal and external linkage. The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device achieves rapid cooling, combined with the internal fire extinguishing capsules to block the thermal runaway chain reaction. This allows for efficient and rapid fire extinguishing in the event of a battery pack fire, reducing the risk of fire. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0028] The drawings described herein are used to provide a further understanding of the present application and constitute a part of the present application. The illustrative embodiments of the present application and their descriptions are used to explain the present application and do not constitute an improper limitation on the present application. In the drawings:

[0029] Figure 1 This is the exterior design drawing of a new energy truck;

[0030] Figure 2 This is a schematic diagram of the structure of the battery external fire extinguishing device;

[0031] Figure 3 This is a cross-sectional structural diagram of a fire extinguishing capsule;

[0032] Figure 4 Schematic diagram of the aerogel insulation board in the unfolded state. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0033] The following will be combined with the drawings in the preferred embodiments of this application to clearly and completely describe the technical solutions in the embodiments of this application. Obviously, the described embodiments are part of the embodiments of this application, not all of the embodiments. Based on the embodiments of this application, all other embodiments obtained by ordinary technicians in this field without making any creative efforts are within the scope of protection of this application.

[0034] like Figure 1-Figure 2 As shown, each exemplary embodiment of the present application provides a fire extinguishing device for a new energy transport vehicle, including:

[0035] The compressed air foam fire extinguishing device is integrated into the vehicle's pneumatic brake system and driven by an air pump 21. It includes: a water tank 11, a water pump 12, a proportioning mixer 13, a foam stock tank 14, a gas-liquid mixing device 15, and a foaming device 16, which are sequentially connected by pipelines. The gas-liquid mixing device 15 is connected to the air pump 21 via a solenoid valve 22.

[0036] An aerogel insulation roller curtain 31 covers the battery pack housing, and a fire extinguishing agent release hose 32 with a spiral micropore array 34 is embedded on its surface. The aerogel insulation roller curtain 31 and the fireproof and heat-insulating housing 33 form a semi-enclosed space;

[0037] The fire extinguishing capsule 41 is disposed between the lithium battery cells 53 and comprises a heat-shrinkable film outer layer 42, a flame-retardant fiber middle layer 43, a heptafluoropropane storage chamber 44, and a high-temperature resistant adhesive 45;

[0038] The control unit 51 is linked to the vehicle's BMS system, connected to the temperature sensor 52 and the lithium battery 53, and is configured to activate the early warning mode when it detects that the temperature rise rate of the single cell reaches the alarm threshold, and trigger the linked fire extinguishing program of the air pump 21 and the water pump 12 when the fire extinguishing threshold is reached.

[0039] It should be noted that the early warning mode is activated when the alarm threshold is a single temperature rise rate of ≥2°C / s, and the fire extinguishing program of the air pump 21 and the water pump 12 is triggered when the fire extinguishing threshold is ≥5°C / s.

[0040] When a battery pack experiences thermal runaway, the internal fire extinguishing capsule 41 contracts due to heat, releasing HFC-227ea fire extinguishing agent to block the spread of heat within the battery. Simultaneously, a temperature-sensing element sends an electrical signal to trigger the compressed air foam fire extinguishing device. Gas pressure provided by the air pump releases the aerogel baffles, generating a highly effective foam fire extinguishing agent through a gas-liquid mixing device. This foam fire extinguishing agent is then applied to the battery pack surface via a release hose on the aerogel insulation board, achieving rapid cooling, insulation, and fire extinguishing. This method significantly improves the safety and reliability of new energy transport vehicles by reusing onboard structures, combining fire prevention and extinguishing measures, and implementing a multi-stage response mechanism.

[0041] refer to Figure 2-Figure 3 In one embodiment, the water tank 11 is installed in the fire extinguishing device box, and the water pump 12 is installed at the water tank outlet and connected to the proportion mixer 13 to transport water to the mixer. The proportion mixer uses the self-priming function to absorb the raw liquid from the foam raw liquid tank 14 and mix it with water in proportion to form a foam mixed liquid;

[0042] The gas-liquid mixing device 15 is installed downstream of the proportioning mixer 13 and is connected to the vehicle pneumatic brake system air pump 21 to combine the compressed air with the mixed liquid;

[0043] The foaming device 16 is installed at the outlet of the gas-liquid mixing device 15 to convert the mixed liquid into a foam fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing agent release hose inside the aerogel roller curtain to release the fire extinguishing agent through the opening;

[0044] The fire extinguishing capsule 41 is installed between the battery cells, with one fire extinguishing capsule arranged for every two battery cells. The storage cavity 44 is filled with heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and is bonded to the battery surface through a high-temperature resistant adhesive 45.

[0045] It should be noted that the device mainly includes: a water tank 11, a water pump 12, a proportioning mixer 13, a foam raw liquid tank 14, a gas-liquid mixing device 15, a foaming device 16, an air pump 21 integrated in the vehicle air pressure brake system, an electromagnetic valve 22 on the delivery pipeline, an aerogel roller curtain 31, a fire extinguishing agent release hose 32, a fireproof and heat-insulating shell 33, a fire extinguishing capsule 41, a film outer layer 42, a flame-retardant fiber middle layer 43, a heptafluoropropane storage chamber 44 and a high-temperature resistant adhesive 45; the water tank 11 is installed in the fire extinguishing device box, the water pump 12 is installed at the water tank outlet and is connected to the proportioning mixer 13, which is responsible for delivering water to the mixer. The proportioning mixer is self-priming. The raw liquid can be sucked from the foam raw liquid tank 14 and mixed with water in proportion to form a foam mixed liquid. The gas-liquid mixing device 15 is installed downstream of the proportioning mixer 13 and is connected to the air pump 21 of the vehicle's pneumatic brake system to combine compressed air with the mixed liquid. The foaming device 16 is installed at the outlet of the gas-liquid mixing device 15 and is responsible for converting the mixed liquid into a foam fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing agent release hose inside the aerogel roller curtain and releases the fire extinguishing agent through the opening. The fire extinguishing capsule 41 is installed between the battery cells, with one fire extinguishing capsule arranged for every two battery cells. The storage cavity 44 is filled with heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and is bonded to the battery surface by a high-temperature resistant adhesive 45.

[0046] refer to Figure 2-Figure 4In one embodiment, the control unit 51 is provided with a two-stage response mechanism. When the monomer temperature rise rate is detected to be ≥2°C / s, the early warning mode is activated, the air pump 21 is activated and the solenoid valve 22 is opened, the gas-liquid mixing device 15 is pre-pressurized to 0.5MPa, and the aerogel curtain is released by gas pressure; when it is ≥5°C / s, the water pump 12 is started and the air pump pressure is increased, so that the gas-liquid mixing device 15 operates at a pressure of 0.8MPa.

[0047] The working pressure of the gas-liquid mixing device 15 is adjusted to 0.8 MPa±5% by the air pump 21 of the pneumatic brake system.

[0048] The film outer layer 42 of the fire extinguishing capsule 41 undergoes directionally shrinking at 80-100° C. and releases the fire extinguishing agent.

[0049] The fire extinguishing agent release hose 32 is provided with a spirally distributed micro-hole array 34 .

[0050] According to another aspect of the present application, reference Figure 2-Figure 4 A method for extinguishing a fire on a new energy transport vehicle, applicable to any of the aforementioned fire extinguishing devices, comprising:

[0051] When thermal runaway of the lithium battery occurs, the temperature sensor of the BMS system responds and issues an alarm signal. When the temperature rise rate of the single cell is detected to be ≥2°C / s, the early warning mode is activated, the air pump 21 is activated, and the solenoid valve 22 is opened to pre-pressurize the gas-liquid mixing device from 15 to 0.5 MPa, and the aerogel curtain is released by gas pressure.

[0052] When the temperature is ≥5℃ / s, start the water pump 12 and increase the air pump pressure to make the gas-liquid mixing device 15 operate at a pressure of 0.8MPa. The water pump pumps water from the water tank to the proportioning mixer. The self-priming function of the proportioning mixer sucks the foam stock liquid into the pipeline and mixes it with water in proportion to form a foam mixture.

[0053] Open the solenoid valve leading to the gas-liquid mixing area of ​​the pneumatic brake system to make the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing area at 0.8Mpa, and release compressed air to the mixing area through the lateral opening of the closed pipeline to mix the foam mixture with the air. The foam mixture is transported forward as power, and after foaming through the foaming net, it is transmitted to the hose on the aerogel fireproof partition, and the foam fire extinguishing agent is released to the battery casing through the spiral microporous structure on the hose. The semi-enclosed space formed by the fireproof partition outside the battery is fully flooded to extinguish the fire and cool down.

[0054] According to another aspect of the present application, reference Figure 2-Figure 4 A method for extinguishing a fire on a new energy transport vehicle, applicable to any of the aforementioned fire extinguishing devices, comprising:

[0055] First level response:

[0056] When the BMS system detects that the temperature rise rate of a battery cell is ≥2°C / s:

[0057] Switch the air pump 21 to the fire extinguishing circuit and open the solenoid valve 22 to pre-pressurize the gas-liquid mixing device 15 to 0.5 MPa, and release the aerogel curtain through gas pressure;

[0058] Upload warning information to the vehicle monitoring platform to alert drivers;

[0059] Secondary response:

[0060] When the temperature sensor 52 detects that the battery cell temperature rise rate is ≥5°C / s:

[0061] Start the water pump 12 and increase the air pump pressure so that the gas-liquid mixing device 15 operates at a pressure of 0.8 MPa to ensure the foam quality;

[0062] The foam fire extinguishing agent is formed into a microcellular structure by the foaming device 16 and is released through the hose 32 to implement three-dimensional coverage;

[0063] When the internal temperature of the lithium battery exceeds 80°C, the outer layer 42 of the film adjacent to the fire extinguishing capsule 41 is triggered to shrink, and the heptafluoropropane is slowly released by gravity, suppressing thermal runaway of the battery cell;

[0064] The control unit 51 records the fault location and uploads it to the cloud;

[0065] Also includes system reset,

[0066] After the fire is extinguished, the water pump 12 and the air pump 21 are turned off and the foam spraying is stopped;

[0067] Replace the triggered fire extinguishing capsule 41 and replenish the foam stock solution and water tank;

[0068] After the system passes the self-test, it returns to standby mode.

[0069] The above is only a preferred embodiment of the present application. It should be noted that for ordinary technicians in this technical field, several improvements and modifications can be made without departing from the principles of the present application. These improvements and modifications should also be considered as the scope of protection of the present application.

[0070] Although the preferred embodiments of the present application have been described, those skilled in the art may make additional changes and modifications based on these embodiments once they have learned the basic creative concept. Therefore, the appended claims are intended to be interpreted as including the preferred embodiments and all changes and modifications that fall within the scope of the present application.

[0071] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present application, rather than to limit them. Although the present application has been described in detail with reference to the aforementioned embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the aforementioned embodiments, or make equivalent replacements for some of the technical features therein. However, these modifications or replacements do not deviate the essence of the corresponding technical solutions from the spirit and scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present application.

Claims

1. A fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle, characterized in that: include: A compressed air foam fire extinguishing device is integrated into a vehicle pneumatic brake system and driven by an air pump (21), comprising: a water tank (11), a water pump (12), a proportioning mixer (13), a foam stock tank (14), a gas-liquid mixing device (15), and a foaming device (16) connected in sequence through pipelines, wherein the gas-liquid mixing device (15) is connected to the air pump (21) through a solenoid valve (22); An aerogel heat-insulating roller curtain (31) covers the battery pack housing, and a fire-extinguishing agent release hose (32) with a spiral micropore array (34) is embedded on the surface of the aerogel heat-insulating roller curtain (31) and the fireproof heat-insulating housing (33) to form a semi-enclosed space; The fire extinguishing capsule (41) is arranged between the lithium battery (53) cells and comprises a heat-shrinkable film outer layer (42), a flame-retardant fiber middle layer (43), a heptafluoropropane storage chamber (44) and a high-temperature resistant adhesive (45); The control unit (51) is linked to the vehicle BMS system, connected to the temperature sensor (52) and the lithium battery (53), and is configured to start the early warning mode when it is detected that the temperature rise rate of the single cell reaches the alarm threshold, and trigger the linked fire extinguishing program of the air pump (21) and the water pump (12) when the fire extinguishing threshold is reached.

2. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The water tank (11) is installed in the fire extinguishing device box, and the water pump (12) is installed at the water tank outlet and connected to the proportion mixer (13) to transport water to the mixer. The proportion mixer sucks the foam liquid from the foam liquid tank (14) through the self-priming function and mixes it with water in proportion to form a foam mixed liquid. The gas-liquid mixing device (15) is installed downstream of the proportioning mixer (13) and is connected to the air pump (21) of the vehicle air brake system to combine the compressed air with the mixed liquid; The foaming device (16) is installed at the outlet of the gas-liquid mixing device (15) to convert the mixed liquid into a foam fire extinguishing agent. The fire extinguishing agent delivery pipeline is connected to the fire extinguishing agent release hose inside the aerogel roller curtain to release the fire extinguishing agent through the opening; The fire extinguishing capsule (41) is installed between the battery cells, with one fire extinguishing capsule arranged between every two battery cells. The storage cavity (44) is filled with heptafluoropropane fire extinguishing agent and is bonded to the battery surface through a high temperature resistant adhesive (45).

3. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1 is characterized in that: When the alarm threshold is a temperature rise rate of ≥2°C / s, the early warning mode is activated, and when the fire extinguishing threshold is ≥5°C / s, the linkage fire extinguishing program of the air pump (21) and the water pump (12) is triggered.

4. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The control unit (51) is provided with a two-stage response mechanism. When a monomer temperature rise rate is detected to be ≥2°C / s, an early warning mode is activated, the air pump (21) is activated, and the solenoid valve (22) is opened, the gas-liquid mixing device (15) is pre-pressurized to 0.5MPa, and the aerogel curtain is released by gas pressure; when the temperature rise rate is ≥5°C / s, the water pump (12) is started and the air pump pressure is increased, so that the gas-liquid mixing device (15) operates at a pressure of 0.8MPa.

5. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The working pressure of the gas-liquid mixing device (15) is adjusted to 0.8 MPa±5% by the air pump (21) of the pneumatic brake system.

6. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The film outer layer (42) of the fire extinguishing capsule (41) undergoes directionally shrinking at 80-100° C. and releases the fire extinguishing agent.

7. The fire extinguishing device on a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 1, characterized in that: The fire extinguishing agent release hose (32) is provided with a spirally distributed micro-hole array (34).

8. A fire extinguishing method for a new energy transport vehicle, applicable to the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: When thermal runaway of the lithium battery occurs, the temperature sensor of the BMS system responds and issues an alarm signal; when a temperature rise rate of a single cell is detected to be ≥2°C / s, the early warning mode is activated, the air pump (21) is activated, and the solenoid valve (22) is opened, the gas-liquid mixing device (15) is pre-pressurized to 0.5 MPa, and the aerogel curtain is released by gas pressure; When the temperature is ≥5°C / s, the water pump (12) is started and the air pump pressure is increased, so that the gas-liquid mixing device (15) operates at a pressure of 0.8 MPa. The water pump pumps water from the water tank to the proportioning mixer, and the foam stock solution is sucked into the pipeline and mixed with water in proportion by the self-priming function of the proportioning mixer to form a foam mixed solution. Open the solenoid valve leading to the gas-liquid mixing area of ​​the pneumatic brake system to make the pressure of the gas-liquid mixing area at 0.8Mpa, and release compressed air to the mixing area through the lateral opening of the closed pipeline to mix the foam mixture with the air. The foam mixture is transported forward as power, and after foaming through the foaming net, it is transmitted to the hose on the aerogel fireproof partition, and the foam fire extinguishing agent is released to the battery casing through the spiral microporous structure on the hose. The semi-enclosed space formed by the fireproof partition outside the battery is fully flooded to extinguish the fire and cool down.

9. A fire extinguishing method for a new energy transport vehicle, applicable to the fire extinguishing device according to any one of claims 1 to 7, characterized in that: include: First level response: When the BMS system detects that the temperature rise rate of a battery cell is ≥2°C / s: Switch the air pump (21) to the fire extinguishing circuit and open the solenoid valve (22), pre-pressurize the gas-liquid mixing device (15) to 0.5 MPa, and release the aerogel curtain through gas pressure; Upload warning information to the vehicle monitoring platform to alert drivers; Secondary response: When the temperature sensor (52) detects that the battery cell temperature rise rate is ≥5°C / s: Start the water pump (12) and increase the air pump pressure so that the gas-liquid mixing device (15) operates at a pressure of 0.8 MPa to ensure the foam quality; The foam fire extinguishing agent is formed into a microcellular structure by the foaming device (16), and three-dimensional coverage is implemented through the release hose (32); When the internal temperature of the lithium battery exceeds 80°C, the outer layer (42) of the film adjacent to the fire extinguishing capsule (41) is triggered to shrink, and the heptafluoropropane is slowly released by gravity, thereby suppressing thermal runaway of the battery cell; The control unit (51) records the fault location and uploads it to the cloud.

10. A fire extinguishing method for a new energy transport vehicle according to claim 9, characterized in that: The system also includes resetting the system. After the fire is extinguished, the water pump (12) and the air pump (21) are turned off to stop the foam spraying; the triggered fire extinguishing capsule (41) is replaced, and the foam stock solution and the water volume of the water tank are replenished; and after the system self-check is passed, the standby state is restored.

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