Harmless treatment system for aluminum ash

Abstract

The invention provides an aluminum ash harmless treatment system, and relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system comprises an aluminum ash conveying device, a wet leaching device, a solid-liquid separation device and a waste gas treatment device, the aluminum ash conveying device comprises a ball mill, a belt conveyor and an aluminum ash bin; the wet leaching device comprises an aluminum ash feeding bin, a medicament feeding bin, a mixing bin, a primary reaction tank and a secondary reaction tank; the solid-liquid separation device comprises a first centrifugal machine, a second centrifugal machine, a slurrying stirring tank, a strong brine storage tank, a high-aluminum stock bin and a light brine storage tank; the waste gas treatment device comprises a gas buffer tank, a jet flow absorption device and an ammonia water storage tank. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system solves the technical problems that an existing aluminum ash treatment mode is insufficient in resource utilization degree, the metal aluminum recycling cost is high, and nitrides cannot be treated.

Description

Technical Field

[0001] The present invention relates to the technical field of aluminum ash treatment, and in particular to a harmless aluminum ash treatment system. Background Art

[0002] In the field of electrolytic aluminum industrial production, aluminum ash is the main by-product of the melting and casting workshop. Its chemical composition includes metallic aluminum, aluminum oxide, aluminum nitride and other inorganic salt impurities.

[0003] In traditional processes, this type of solid waste is often disposed of by open-air storage or simple landfills, creating dual environmental risks: First, the residual metallic aluminum and alumina components in the aluminum ash are not effectively recycled, resulting in low aluminum resource utilization; second, the active substances such as aluminum nitride contained in the aluminum ash are prone to hydrolysis reactions in the natural environment, not only causing unorganized emissions of irritating gases such as ammonia, causing regional air pollution, but also the heavy metal elements in the aluminum ash migrate into the soil environment through rainwater leaching, causing the risk of excessive heavy metals in groundwater. Existing technical solutions have the following drawbacks: insufficient resource utilization, and only a few companies recover metallic aluminum through pyrometallurgy, but this process is energy-intensive and cannot process nitrides.

[0004] The inventors discovered at least the following problems during the implementation of this embodiment:

[0005] The existing aluminum ash treatment method has insufficient resource utilization, high cost of recycling metallic aluminum, and is unable to treat nitrides. Summary of the Invention

[0006] The purpose of the present invention is to provide an aluminum ash harmless treatment system, which solves the technical problems of existing aluminum ash treatment methods, such as insufficient resource utilization, high cost of recovering metallic aluminum, and inability to treat nitrides.

[0007] Invention solution:

[0008] The present invention provides an aluminum ash harmless treatment system, comprising an aluminum ash conveying device, a wet leaching device, a solid-liquid separation device and an exhaust gas treatment device; the aluminum ash conveying device comprises a ball mill, a belt conveyor and an aluminum ash silo; the output end of the ball mill is connected to the belt conveyor, and the output end of the belt conveyor is connected to the aluminum ash silo; the wet leaching device comprises an aluminum ash feeding silo, a reagent feeding silo, a mixing silo, a primary reaction tank and a secondary reaction tank; the aluminum ash feeding silo is connected to the aluminum ash silo, and is connected to the mixing silo; the reagent feeding silo is connected to the mixing silo; the primary reaction tank is connected to the mixing silo, and is connected to a water storage tank; the secondary reaction tank is connected to the primary reaction tank, and the two secondary reaction tanks are connected. The tank corresponds to one of the primary reaction tanks; the solid-liquid separation device includes a first centrifuge, a second centrifuge, a slurry stirring tank, a concentrated brine storage tank, a high-aluminum silo and a light brine storage tank; the first centrifuge is connected to the secondary reaction tank, and it is connected to the concentrated brine storage tank; the slurry stirring tank is connected to the first centrifuge, the second centrifuge is connected to the slurry stirring tank, the high-aluminum silo is connected to the second centrifuge, and the light brine storage tank is respectively connected to the second centrifuge and the primary reaction tank; the exhaust gas treatment device includes a gas buffer tank, a jet absorption device and an ammonia water storage tank; the gas buffer tank is connected to the primary reaction tank, the jet absorption device is connected to the gas buffer tank, and the ammonia water storage tank is connected to the jet absorption device.

[0009] Furthermore, the medicine feeding bin is connected to a medicine storage tank.

[0010] Furthermore, the secondary reaction tank is connected to a dilute sulfuric acid storage tank.

[0011] Furthermore, the first centrifuge is connected to a first wash water storage tank; the second centrifuge is connected to a second wash water storage tank.

[0012] Furthermore, the high-aluminum silo is connected to an aluminum drying device.

[0013] Furthermore, the concentrated brine storage tank is connected to an evaporator, and the output end of the evaporator is connected to a salt drying device.

[0014] Furthermore, the salt drying device is connected to a first spray tower, and the first spray tower is connected to a dust collector assembly.

[0015] Furthermore, the jet absorption device is connected to a pressure stabilizing device, and the pressure stabilizing device is connected to a gas device.

[0016] Furthermore, the secondary reaction tank is connected to a second spray tower, and the second spray tower is connected to the ammonia water storage tank.

[0017] Beneficial effect: The present invention provides an aluminum ash harmless treatment system. When in use, the ball mill grinds the aluminum ash and sends it to the belt conveyor. The belt conveyor sends the fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash silo. The aluminum ash silo sends the fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash feeding silo. The aluminum ash feeding silo and the reagent feeding silo send the aluminum ash and sodium hydroxide to the mixing silo. The mixing silo sends the mixture to the primary reaction tank, and water is added to the primary reaction tank through the water storage tank. After the mixture reacts in the primary reaction tank for a period of time, the mixture is sent to the secondary reaction tank. The secondary reaction tank sends the mixture to the first The first centrifuge sends the liquid to the concentrated brine storage tank and the solids to the slurry mixing tank. The slurry mixing tank adds water to clean the solids and then sends them to the second centrifuge. The second centrifuge sends the liquid to the dilute brine storage tank. The liquid in the dilute brine storage tank can be reused in the primary reaction tank. The second centrifuge sends the solids to the high-aluminum silo. The waste gas generated by the mixture in the primary reaction tank during the reaction is sent to the gas buffer tank. The gas buffer tank sends the waste gas to the jet absorption device, which liquefies the waste gas into ammonia water and sends the ammonia water to the ammonia water storage tank. This aluminum ash harmless treatment system fully utilizes aluminum resources and is less expensive than pyrometallurgical smelting to recover metallic aluminum. It also treats the ammonia compounds in the waste gas. BRIEF DESCRIPTION OF THE DRAWINGS

[0018] In order to more clearly illustrate the specific embodiments of the present invention or the technical solutions in the prior art, the following briefly introduces the drawings required for use in the specific embodiments or the description of the prior art. Obviously, the drawings described below are some embodiments of the present invention. For ordinary technicians in this field, other drawings can be obtained based on these drawings without paying any creative work.

[0019] Figure 1 A simplified schematic diagram of the aluminum ash harmless treatment system provided in this embodiment;

[0020] Figure 2 A simplified schematic diagram of the aluminum ash harmless treatment system provided in this embodiment;

[0021] Figure 3 A simplified schematic diagram of the aluminum ash harmless treatment system provided in this embodiment;

[0022] Figure 4 A simplified schematic diagram of the aluminum ash harmless treatment system provided in this embodiment.

[0023] icon:

[0024] 100-aluminum ash conveying device; 110-ball mill; 120-belt conveyor; 130-aluminum ash silo;

[0025] 200-wet leaching device; 210-aluminum ash feeding silo; 220-medicine feeding silo; 221-medicine storage tank; 230-mixing silo; 240-primary reaction tank; 250-secondary reaction tank; 251-dilute sulfuric acid storage tank; 252-second spray tower; 260-water storage tank;

[0026] 300-solid-liquid separation device; 310-first centrifuge; 311-first wash water storage tank; 320-second centrifuge; 321-second wash water storage tank; 330-slurry mixing tank; 340-concentrated brine storage tank; 341-evaporator; 342-salt drying device; 343-first spray tower; 344-dust collector assembly; 350-high-aluminum silo; 351-aluminum drying device; 360-desalted brine storage tank;

[0027] 400-waste gas treatment device; 410-gas buffer tank; 420-jet absorption device; 421-pressure stabilizing device; 422-gas device; 430-ammonia storage tank. DETAILED DESCRIPTION

[0028] To make the objectives, technical solutions, and advantages of the embodiments of the present invention more clear, the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention will be clearly and completely described below in conjunction with the accompanying drawings of the embodiments of the present invention. Obviously, the described embodiments are only part of the embodiments of the present invention, not all of the embodiments. Generally, the components of the embodiments of the present invention described and shown in the drawings herein can be arranged and designed in various different configurations.

[0029] Therefore, the following detailed description of the embodiments of the present invention provided in the accompanying drawings is not intended to limit the scope of the invention as claimed, but rather merely represents selected embodiments of the present invention. All other embodiments derived by persons of ordinary skill in the art based on the embodiments of the present invention without creative effort are intended to fall within the scope of protection of the present invention.

[0030] It should be noted that similar reference numerals and letters denote similar items in the following drawings, and therefore, once an item is defined in one drawing, it does not need to be further defined or explained in subsequent drawings.

[0031] In the description of the present invention, it should be noted that the terms "center," "upper," "lower," "left," "right," "vertical," "horizontal," "inner," and "outer" and the like indicate positions or locations based on the positions shown in the accompanying drawings, or the positions or locations in which the inventive product is typically placed when in use. These terms are intended solely to facilitate the description of the present invention and to simplify the description, and are not intended to indicate or imply that the devices or components referred to must have a specific orientation, be constructed, or operate in a specific orientation. Therefore, they should not be construed as limitations on the present invention. Furthermore, the terms "first," "second," and "third," etc., are used solely to distinguish descriptions and should not be construed as indicating or implying relative importance.

[0032] In addition, terms such as "horizontal" and "vertical" do not mean that the components must be absolutely horizontal or overhanging, but can be slightly tilted. For example, "horizontal" only means that its direction is more horizontal than "vertical", not that the structure must be completely horizontal, but can be slightly tilted.

[0033] In the description of the present invention, it should also be noted that, unless otherwise expressly specified or limited, the terms "disposed," "installed," "connected," and "connected" should be understood in a broad sense. For example, they may refer to fixed connections, detachable connections, or integral connections; they may refer to mechanical connections or electrical connections; they may refer to direct connections or indirect connections through an intermediate medium; and they may refer to internal communication between two components. Those skilled in the art will understand the specific meanings of the above terms in the present invention based on the specific circumstances.

[0034] The following embodiments of the present invention are described in detail with reference to the accompanying drawings. In the absence of conflict, the following embodiments and features in the embodiments may be combined with each other.

[0035] This embodiment provides a harmless treatment system for aluminum ash. Figure 1-4As shown, it includes an aluminum ash conveying device 100, a wet leaching device 200, a solid-liquid separation device 300 and an exhaust gas treatment device 400; the aluminum ash conveying device 100 includes a ball mill 110, a belt conveyor 120 and an aluminum ash silo 130; the output end of the ball mill 110 is connected to the belt conveyor 120, and the output end of the belt conveyor 120 is connected to the aluminum ash silo 130; the wet leaching device 200 includes an aluminum ash feeding silo 210, a reagent feeding silo 210, and a waste gas treatment device 400. The silo 220, the mixing silo 230, the primary reaction tank 240 and the secondary reaction tank 250; the aluminum ash feeding silo 210 is connected to the aluminum ash silo 130, and is connected to the mixing silo 230; the reagent feeding silo 220 is connected to the mixing silo 230; the primary reaction tank 240 is connected to the mixing silo 230, and is connected to the water storage tank 260; the secondary reaction tank 250 is connected to the primary reaction tank 240, and the two secondary reaction tanks 250 correspond to one a primary reaction tank 240; the solid-liquid separation device 300 includes a first centrifuge 310, a second centrifuge 320, a slurry stirring tank 330, a concentrated brine storage tank 340, a high aluminum silo 350 and a light brine storage tank 360; the first centrifuge 310 is connected to the secondary reaction tank 250, and it is connected to the concentrated brine storage tank 340; the slurry stirring tank 330 is connected to the first centrifuge 310, the second centrifuge 320 is connected to the slurry stirring tank 330, the high aluminum silo 350 is connected to the second centrifuge 320, and the light brine storage tank 360 is respectively connected to the second centrifuge 320 and the primary reaction tank 240; the exhaust gas treatment device 400 includes a gas buffer tank 410, a jet absorption device 420 and an ammonia water storage tank 430; the gas buffer tank 410 is connected to the primary reaction tank 240, the jet absorption device 420 is connected to the gas buffer tank 410, and the ammonia water storage tank 430 is connected to the jet absorption device 420.

[0036] Specifically, the aluminum ash conveying device 100 is used to grind the aluminum ash into fine aluminum and send it to the wet leaching device 200, the ball mill 110 is used to grind the aluminum ash, and the belt conveyor 120 is used to transport the ground fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash silo 130; the wet leaching device 200 is used to convert aluminum nitride into aluminum hydroxide and ammonia. The aluminum ash silo 130 sends the fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash feeding silo 210 through the vacuum feeding device. The aluminum ash feeding silo 210 and the reagent feeding silo 220 transport the fine aluminum ash to the mixing silo 230. There are two primary reaction tanks 240 and four secondary reaction tanks 250. The working principles of the primary reaction tank 240 and the secondary reaction tank 250 are the same, both of which convert the aluminum nitride in the aluminum ash. The aluminum nitride reacts with water to convert into aluminum hydroxide and ammonia. The water storage tank 260 is used to feed the primary reactor Add water to make aluminum nitride react with water to convert into aluminum hydroxide and ammonia; the solid-liquid separation device 300 is used to separate the solid and liquid of the material in the secondary reaction tank 250. The liquid separated for the first time by the first centrifuge 310 has a higher salt content and is transported to the concentrated brine storage tank 340. The separated solid is further diluted by the slurry stirring tank 330 and sent to the second centrifuge 320. The second centrifuge 320 separates the solid and liquid of the material in the slurry stirring tank 330. The separated brine has a lower concentration and is transported to the light brine storage tank 360. The separated solid is sent to the high aluminum silo 350; the waste gas treatment device 400 is used to treat the waste gas NH3, CH4 and H2 generated in the primary reaction tank 240. The waste gas enters the jet absorption device 420, liquefies the ammonia into ammonia water, and after the ammonia water concentration reaches 9%, it is sent to the ammonia water storage tank 430. During use, the ball mill 110 grinds the aluminum ash into fine powder and sends it to the belt conveyor 120. The belt conveyor 120 sends the fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash silo 130. The aluminum ash silo 130 sends the fine aluminum ash to the aluminum ash feeding silo 210. The aluminum ash feeding silo 210 and the reagent feeding silo 220 send the aluminum ash and sodium hydroxide to the mixing silo 230. The mixing silo 230 sends the mixture to the primary reaction tank 240, and water is added to the primary reaction tank 240 through the water storage tank 260. After the mixture reacts in the primary reaction tank 240 for a period of time, the mixture is sent to the secondary reaction tank 250. The secondary reaction tank 250 sends the mixture to the first centrifuge 310. The first centrifuge 310 is used for centrifuging. 0 sends the liquid to the concentrated brine storage tank 340, and sends the solid to the slurry stirring tank 330. The slurry stirring tank 330 adds water to wash the solid and then sends it to the second centrifuge 320. The second centrifuge 320 transports the liquid to the light brine storage tank 360. The liquid in the light brine storage tank 360 can be reused in the primary reaction tank 240. The second centrifuge 320 transports the solid to the high-aluminum silo 350; the waste gas generated by the mixture in the primary reaction tank 240 during the reaction is transported to the gas buffer tank 410. The gas buffer tank 410 transports the waste gas to the jet absorption device 420. The jet absorption device 420 liquefies the waste gas into ammonia water, and the ammonia water is sent to the ammonia water storage tank 430.

[0037] In this embodiment, the medicine feeding bin 220 is connected to the medicine storage tank 221 .

[0038] Specifically, the medicine storage tank 221 is provided to store medicines, thereby ensuring that there is sufficient medicine in the medicine feeding bin 220 .

[0039] In this embodiment, the secondary reaction tank 250 is connected to the dilute sulfuric acid storage tank 251 .

[0040] Specifically, the dilute sulfuric acid storage tank 251 is used to store dilute sulfuric acid, which is transported to the secondary reaction tank 250 to prevent ammonia from flowing out. Ammonia that is not absorbed by water reacts with sulfuric acid to be converted into ammonium sulfate.

[0041] In this embodiment, the first centrifuge 310 is connected to a first washing water storage tank 311 ; the second centrifuge 320 is connected to a second washing water storage tank 321 .

[0042] Specifically, the first washing water storage tank 311 is used to clean the first centrifuge 310, and the second washing water storage tank 321 is used to clean the second centrifuge 320; the first washing water storage tank 311 transports clean water to the inside of the first centrifuge 310 through a pressure pump, and uses the spray holes on the nozzle to clean the centrifuge in all directions.

[0043] In this embodiment, the high-aluminum silo 350 is connected to an aluminum drying device 351 .

[0044] Specifically, the aluminum drying device 351 is used to dry the high-aluminum material in the high-aluminum silo 350 to accelerate the output of aluminum.

[0045] In this embodiment, the concentrated brine storage tank 340 is connected to an evaporator 341 , and an output end of the evaporator 341 is connected to a salt drying device 342 .

[0046] Specifically, the evaporator 341 is provided to accelerate the evaporation of water in the concentrated brine, and the salt drying device 342 promotes the production of finished salt.

[0047] In this embodiment, the salt drying device 342 is connected to the first spray tower 343 , and the first spray tower 343 is connected to the dust collector assembly 344 .

[0048] Specifically, the first spray tower 343 is used to treat the exhaust gas generated by the salt drying device 342, and the dust collector assembly 344 includes a bag dust collector and a cyclone dust collector to ensure that the exhaust gas is discharged outdoors after being cleaned.

[0049] In this embodiment, the jet absorption device 420 is connected to a pressure stabilizing device 421 , and the pressure stabilizing device 421 is connected to a gas device 422 .

[0050] Specifically, the pressure stabilizing device 421 is used to ensure that the pressure of the gas output by the jet absorption device 420 is stable. The gas output by the jet absorption device 420 includes CH4 and H2, which can be used by the gas device 422.

[0051] In this embodiment, the secondary reaction tank 250 is connected to the second spray tower 252 , and the second spray tower 252 is connected to the ammonia water storage tank 430 .

[0052] Specifically, the second spray tower 252 is used to liquefy the ammonia gas produced by the secondary reaction tank 250 and then transport it to the ammonia water storage tank 430 .

[0053] Finally, it should be noted that the above embodiments are only used to illustrate the technical solutions of the present invention, rather than to limit it. Although the present invention has been described in detail with reference to the above embodiments, those skilled in the art should understand that they can still modify the technical solutions described in the above embodiments, or replace some or all of the technical features therein with equivalents. However, these modifications or replacements do not cause the essence of the corresponding technical solutions to deviate from the scope of the technical solutions of the embodiments of the present invention.

Claims

1. A harmless treatment system for aluminum ash, characterized in that: It comprises an aluminum ash conveying device (100), a wet leaching device (200), a solid-liquid separation device (300) and an exhaust gas treatment device (400); The aluminum ash conveying device (100) comprises a ball mill (110), a belt conveyor (120) and an aluminum ash silo (130); The output end of the ball mill (110) is connected to the belt conveyor (120), and the output end of the belt conveyor (120) is connected to the aluminum ash silo (130); The wet leaching device (200) comprises an aluminum ash feeding bin (210), a reagent feeding bin (220), a mixing bin (230), a primary reaction tank (240) and a secondary reaction tank (250); The aluminum ash feeding bin (210) is connected to the aluminum ash feeding bin (130), and is also connected to the mixing bin (230); the reagent feeding bin (220) is connected to the mixing bin (230); the primary reaction tank (240) is connected to the mixing bin (230), and is also connected to a water storage tank (260); the secondary reaction tank (250) is connected to the primary reaction tank (240), and two secondary reaction tanks (250) correspond to one primary reaction tank (240); The solid-liquid separation device (300) comprises a first centrifuge (310), a second centrifuge (320), a slurry stirring tank (330), a concentrated brine storage tank (340), a high-aluminum silo (350) and a diluted brine storage tank (360); The first centrifuge (310) is connected to the secondary reaction tank (250), and is also connected to the concentrated brine storage tank (340); The slurry stirring tank (330) is connected to the first centrifuge (310), the second centrifuge (320) is connected to the slurry stirring tank (330), the high aluminum silo (350) is connected to the second centrifuge (320), and the light brine storage tank (360) is connected to the second centrifuge (320) and the primary reaction tank (240) respectively; The waste gas treatment device (400) includes a gas buffer tank (410), a jet absorption device (420) and an ammonia water storage tank (430); The gas buffer tank (410) is connected to the primary reaction tank (240), the jet absorption device (420) is connected to the gas buffer tank (410), and the ammonia water storage tank (430) is connected to the jet absorption device (420).

2. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 1, characterized in that: The medicine feeding bin (220) is connected to a medicine storage tank (221).

3. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 2, characterized in that: The secondary reaction tank (250) is connected to a dilute sulfuric acid storage tank (251).

4. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 3, characterized in that: The first centrifuge (310) is connected to a first wash water storage tank (311); The second centrifuge (320) is connected to a second wash water storage tank (321).

5. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 4, characterized in that: The high-aluminum silo (350) is connected to an aluminum drying device (351).

6. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 5, characterized in that: The concentrated brine storage tank (340) is connected to an evaporator (341), and the output end of the evaporator (341) is connected to a salt drying device (342).

7. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 6, characterized in that: The salt drying device (342) is connected to a first spray tower (343), and the first spray tower (343) is connected to a dust collector assembly (344).

8. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 7, characterized in that: The jet absorption device (420) is connected to a pressure stabilizing device (421), and the pressure stabilizing device (421) is connected to a gas device (422).

9. The aluminum ash harmless treatment system according to claim 8, characterized in that: The secondary reaction tank (250) is connected to a second spray tower (252), and the second spray tower (252) is connected to the ammonia water storage tank (430).

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